Greenstick fracture of the mandible

•Download as PPTX, PDF•

6 likes•1,493 views

This presentation consists of a case report about "Greenstick Fracture of the Mandible" which is prepared from some online sources and is presented in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Baqai Dental College.

Health & Medicine

$Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department Greenstick fracture of the mandible: A case report By: Mustafa Batoor$

$Introduction  Pediatric maxillofacial trauma is a unique and highly specialized branch of traumatology  Nasal fractures are the most common, followed by the mandibular fractures  Mid-face fractures are rare  The most common fractures requiring hospitalization and/or surgical intervention involves the mandible$

Case History
 An 11-year-old girl fallen from the terrace of her
house (10 feet height from the ground)
 After the fall, she did not loose consciousness, was
well-oriented to time and place and had no history
of convulsions or vomiting.
 Complaint: difficulty in wide opening of the mouth,
pain in front of the ears particularly during
mastication.

Management
 Non-surgical conservative management was the
treatment of choice
 Eyelet wiring was performed on all four
segments and (MMF) was also done

$Discussion  Management of mandibular fracture in children differs from that of adults.  Children have a greater osteogenic potential and faster healing rate than adults  Immobilization times should be shorter i.e. 2-3 weeks$

The document discusses mandibular fractures, including: - Classification systems for mandibular fractures based on location and other factors. - Clinical signs used to diagnose mandibular fractures through examination. - Radiographic imaging like panoramic x-rays that can help evaluate mandibular fractures. - General principles of treatment including closed or open reduction methods and rigid fixation techniques like plates to stabilize fractured mandible segments.

$Zygomatic fractures$ $Zygomatic fractures$

Zygomatic fractures

DrDona Bhattacharya

This document discusses the anatomy, classification, diagnosis, and management of zygomatic complex fractures. It begins with the anatomical details of the zygomatic bone and its articulations. It then reviews various classification systems for zygomatic fractures, which typically categorize fractures based on the involved bone segments and degree of displacement. Common causes of these fractures are also mentioned. The diagnosis section outlines the clinical exam findings and imaging studies used to evaluate zygomatic fractures. Finally, the management section discusses indications for surgery, different surgical approaches, reduction techniques, and fixation methods like plates and screws. Complications of zygomatic fractures are also briefly outlined.

$Zygomatic arch fracture$ $Zygomatic arch fracture$

Zygomatic arch fracture

mostafa heeba

The document discusses various approaches for reducing fractures of the zygomatic arch. It describes the temporal (Gillies) approach which involves a temporal incision to access the arch. The trans-oral (Keen) approach uses a lateral maxillary vestibular incision for a more direct approach. Quinn's approach and the towel clip technique are also indirect approaches described for reducing depressed zygomatic arch fractures. A bi-coronal incision provides direct visualization of fractures involving multiple facial bones.

$Condylar fractures$ $Condylar fractures$

Condylar fractures

Zeeshan Arif

This document discusses condylar fractures of the mandible. It begins by providing background on condylar fracture development, anatomy, surgical anatomy, blood supply, nerve supply and muscle attachments. It then covers the etiology, associated injuries, mechanisms of injury and various classification systems for condylar fractures. The document outlines the diagnosis process including history, clinical examination and radiographic imaging. It concludes by discussing treatment approaches, focusing on the aims of surgery and indications for conservative versus surgical management.

Mandibular trauma

Mohammed Haneef Farooq

Mandibular fractures are common injuries that result from facial trauma. The document discusses the history, anatomy, classification, examination, and treatment of mandibular fractures. Key points include that mandibular fractures were first described in ancient Egyptian medical texts, occur most often in males ages 20-30 from vehicular accidents or assaults, and can be classified based on location, number of fragments, involvement of teeth, and direction of the fracture. Radiographic examination including panoramic x-rays are important for diagnosis.

Tmj disorder

Praveena Veena

Temporomandibular joint and muscle disorders (TMJ) cause jaw pain and dysfunction. There are three main types: myofascial pain involving jaw muscles, internal derangement involving a displaced disc or joint injury, and arthritis. Causes include trauma, teeth grinding, hormones, genetics, and stress. Treatment involves heat/ice, soft diet, jaw exercises, relaxation techniques, and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs. More severe cases may require physical therapy, splints, injections, or surgery like arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, or disc removal.

Bsso

Dr Kani Mozhiy Senguttvan

This document provides information on bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), a common surgical procedure for the mandible. Some key points: - BSSO involves making sagittal cuts along the ramus and body of the mandible to allow advancement or setback of the mandible. It was first described in the 1950s and has undergone several modifications. - Indications for BSSO include mandibular deficiencies, prognathism, asymmetries, open bites, and cross bites. Contraindications include decreased posterior body height and ramus hypoplasia. - The surgical procedure involves incisions, osteotomy cuts, splitting the segments, mobilization, positioning, and

Temporomandibular joint disorder

Saeed Bajafar

The document discusses temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, including TMJ dysfunction syndrome (TMD) and myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). It covers the anatomy of the TMJ, functional movements, classification of disorders, signs and symptoms, examination techniques, treatment options including reversible therapies like splint therapy and irreversible surgical treatment, and prevention strategies.

This document discusses mandibular fractures, including: - The anatomy and common sites of fracture in the mandible. - Various classification systems used to describe fracture location and complexity. - Clinical signs seen with mandibular fractures like swelling, step deformities, and malocclusion. - Radiographic tools like panoramic x-rays, CT scans, and occlusal views used to diagnose and characterize fractures. - Principles of managing mandibular fractures through techniques like open reduction and internal fixation.

Maxillary Osteotomies & Associated Surgical complications

Varun Mittal

Bilteral sagittal split osteotomy

Jamil Kifayatullah

This document describes the steps of a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) procedure to correct jaw alignment. Key steps include making incisions over the external oblique ridge and dissecting soft tissues to expose the lateral and medial surfaces of the mandible. Osteotomies are made through the lingual and buccal cortices and connected along the anterior border of the ramus. The mandible is then split and mobilized. Rigid internal fixation with plates and screws is used to stabilize the segments in the corrected position. Potential complications include unfavorable splits, bleeding, neurologic injury, infection, and relapse.

Temporomandibular joint disorders I

IAU Dent

1) The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint that connects the mandible to the temporal bone. It has several parts including the articular eminence, fossa, condyle, capsule, ligaments, synovial fluid, and articular disc. 2) The articular disc sits between the condyle and fossa and divides the joint into two compartments. It allows the condyle to glide forward during opening and back during closing. 3) Four jaw muscles work in coordination to produce movements like opening, closing, protruding, and grinding. The lateral pterygoid muscle plays a key role in pulling the disc as the jaw opens

$Transosseus wiring circumferential wiring dentoalveolar fracture$ $Transosseus wiring circumferential wiring dentoalveolar fracture$

Transosseus wiring circumferential wiring dentoalveolar fracture

Azis Aimaduddin

1. The history of fracture management began in ancient times with techniques like wiring of fractures. Over centuries, methods evolved from external fixation to internal plates and screws. 2. Key developments included the introduction of plates and screws in the late 1800s, compression plates in the 1930s-40s, and miniplates in the 1970s. The AO/ASIF principles in the 1970s revolutionized internal fixation using dynamic compression plates. 3. For midface fractures, techniques included transosseous wiring at different levels, as well as suspension wires like frontal and circumzygomatic wiring to suspend mobile segments. Disadvantages included airway issues and loss of function with prolonged immobilization.

Tmj ankylosis

Green Green

This document discusses temporomandibular joint ankylosis, beginning with an introduction and overview of classifications, incidence, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, and sequelae. It then covers the radiographic features and discusses the aims of management, including both non-surgical and surgical options such as condylectomy, gap arthroplasty, and interpositional arthroplasty. Surgical management involves creating a gap to allow mobility and restoring vertical height, with autografts like temporalis muscle or fascia lata preferred for interposition. Complications of surgery and recurrence of ankylosis are also reviewed.

Aetiology and management of trismus

Hope Inegbenosun

This document outlines the etiology and management of trismus. It defines trismus as restricted mouth opening and describes normal ranges of opening. Common causes of trismus include infections, trauma, surgery, tumors, radiation, TMJ disorders, and drugs. Management involves thorough history and examination, investigations to diagnose the underlying cause, and various treatment approaches depending on the etiology such as heat therapy, medical management, physiotherapy, surgery, and appliances.

Genioplasty

shalinisinghchauhan

This document provides an overview of genioplasty procedures. It begins with an introduction to genioplasty and anatomy. It then discusses preoperative evaluation including facial analysis, cephalometric evaluation, and chin classifications. Next, it covers various techniques for correcting chin deformities including osseous genioplasty procedures like horizontal osteotomy with advancement or reduction, and alloplastic genioplasty. It concludes with a brief discussion of complications. The document provides detailed information on evaluating patients, planning procedures, and technical aspects of different genioplasty techniques.

Zygomatic Complex Fracture- ZMC

Himanshu Soni

Fractures of the zygomatic complex are common facial injuries that often involve displacement of the zygomatic bone from its normal position. Clinical examination involves inspection for deformities and palpation of the zygomatic bone and arch. Radiographic evaluation with CT scanning is important to fully assess the fracture pattern and displacement. Successful management requires accurate reduction and fixation of the zygomatic bone to restore facial contour and function.

TMJ diagnosis

IAU Dent

This document discusses diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs). It describes common symptoms such as headaches, ear pain, sounds from the joint, and limited jaw movement. Diagnosis involves patient history, clinical examination including palpation of the jaw and muscles, and sometimes imaging tests. TMJDs can be classified as muscle disorders, joint disorders, or a combination. Treatment depends on the specific disorder but may include education, behavior modification, physical therapy, medications, and dental appliances.

Mpds

priyadershini rangari

This document discusses the history, definition, etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). Some key points: - MPDS is a pain disorder caused by trigger points in the muscles of mastication that refer pain to the head and neck. It is the most common cause of masticatory pain. - Etiology may include occlusal factors, prosthetic problems, malocclusion, psychophysiologic factors, and trauma. - Clinical characteristics include pain in the head/neck, limited jaw motion, joint noises, and tender muscles. - Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including medications, trigger point injections, physical

Mandibular osteotomies

Ram Yadav

The document provides an overview of various mandibular osteotomy techniques used in orthognathic surgery. It discusses the history, indications, techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and complications of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), internal vertical ramus osteotomy, body osteotomies, subapical osteotomies, and genioplasty. BSSO is one of the most common techniques described, allowing advancement, setback, or rotation of the mandible with minimal soft tissue stripping, though it carries risks of nerve injury, malocclusion, and relapse. Alternative techniques such as internal vertical ramus osteotomy are discussed as being easier but providing less control over condylar positioning.

Management of oral cyst

Saleh Bakry

This document discusses cysts of the oral and maxillofacial region. It defines true cysts as pathological cavities lined by epithelium and containing fluid, and pseudo cysts as cavities not lined by epithelium that may contain fluid. Cysts are classified based on their origin (odontogenic vs non-odontogenic) and location. Diagnosis involves history, clinical examination, radiographic evaluation and sometimes aspiration biopsy or surgical biopsy. Treatment options include enucleation, marsupialization, or a combination depending on the cyst size and location.

Ankylosis of temperomandibular joint

Indian dental academy

This document discusses ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It begins by defining ankylosis as the fusion of the condyle of the mandible with the articulating surface of the glenoid fossa, resulting in an inability to open the mouth beyond 5mm. It then classifies ankylosis as true (involving the TMJ) or false (extra-articular), and discusses various causes of each. True ankylosis is further classified as fibrous, fibro-osseous, or bony. The clinical features, diagnosis through medical imaging, problems associated with untreated ankylosis, and Kaban's protocol for surgical management are summarized

Impression techniques in rpd

Apurva Thampi

Jc on non-surgical management of Temporomandibular disorders

Dr. Vijaya Lakshmi

Subluxation (TMJ disorder)

Mohammed Alawad

Temporomandibular subluxation is a clinical condition where there is partial dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) causing abnormal movement of the condyle. It involves the condyle slipping partially out of position in the socket. The condition can affect one or both sides of the jaw and is usually caused by injuries to the joint capsule or ligaments. Repeated subluxation episodes can further stretch the tissues and make recurrence more likely. Activities that involve prolonged or forceful opening of the mouth like dental procedures, yawning, or vomiting can trigger subluxation.

Apertognathia and its surgical management

Himanshu Soni

Condylar sag

Sapna Vadera

Condylar sag is defined as an immediate or late change in the position of the condyle in the glenoid fossa after orthognathic surgery, leading to an undesirable change in occlusion. It can occur after procedures like BSSO, IVRO, and Lefort I osteotomy. Risk factors include incorrect vectoring during condylar positioning and incomplete bone splits. Condylar sag is classified as central or peripheral, and can be diagnosed intraoperatively by examining changes in occlusion. Preventative measures include rigid fixation and intraoperative patient awakening to detect changes.

Maxillofacial congenital defect (part 1)

Sara Zaky

This document discusses the management of congenital maxillofacial defects. It defines maxillofacial prosthodontics and describes types of maxillary defects including cleft lip, cleft palate, and acquired defects from surgery or trauma. For congenital defects, it covers cleft lip and palate etiology, incidence, classification including Veau's system, objectives of prosthetic treatment, and treatment modalities including surgical repair and preoperative prosthetic devices for feeding.

management of handicapped children

asmaa1996

This document provides guidance on the dental management of handicapped children. It discusses the first dental visit, radiographic examination, preventive dentistry including home dental care, diet and nutrition, fluoride exposure, and professional supervision. It also covers management during treatment such as immobilization techniques, nitrous oxide analgesia, and general anesthesia. Finally, it discusses dental treatment considerations for specific conditions including mental disabilities, respiratory diseases, hearing loss, visual impairment, and heart disease.