This PowerPoint presentation was used by paula Vandergert, fellow researcher at the East London University, during a conference given in Brussels. The conference's theme was Public awareness in sustainable renovation, and was organized by the Ecobuild Cluster and the Greenov European project during the European Sustainable Energy Week on the25th of June, 2013..
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Paula Vandergert - Raising awareness in sustainable renovation - UK experiences
1. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Raising public
awareness in
sustainable
renovation – UK
experiences
Dr Paula Vandergert
Sustainability Research Institute
University of East London
2. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN
RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
- TURAS
TURAS brings urban communities and
businesses together with local authorities and
researchers to collaborate on developing
practical new solutions for more sustainable
and resilient European cities.
Issues addressed include climate change
adaptation and mitigation, natural resource
shortage, urban sprawl, green
infrastructure, short-circuit economies and
community participation in areas such as
temporary usage of derelict sites and
buildings.
3. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
DIAGNOSTIC
TOOL
Creative
industries
Green
business
models
Urban
agriculture
PSS
Eco-
design Clean
Tech
SustainableLocal
Ec Env
Soc
Other
sustainable
businesses
Urban communities
identify need
Sustainable solutions
identified that bring local
social, environmental
and economic value
SHORT CIRCUIT ECONOMIES
4. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUSTAINABLE REFURBISHMENT –
STIMULATING DEMAND AND
SUPPLY
STRATEGIC APPROACH
DELIVERY ON THE GROUND
DEMAND
SUPPLY CHAIN
GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES
5. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
KEY FACTS ABOUT UK ENERGY
AND HOMES
First country to introduce a legal carbon reduction target – 80%
reduction by 2050 (on 1990 levels)
26 million homes in the UK
80% of housing stock is in private ownership, 70% are owner-
occupiers
Only 20% of housing stock was built after 1976, 20% before 1919
Very slow replacement rate – aiming to build 100,000 new homes
a year
This means that by 2050 at least 70% of homes will be those that
are already built now
Main fuel type used in homes is natural gas
Increasing numbers of families are falling into fuel poverty (at
least 10% of net income is spent on domestic energy)
Pre-1976 homes in particular leak energy
A large percentage of homes are hard to treat – no cavity
wall, leak heat through roofs, walls, windows, planning restrictions
etc
6. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY
SECTOR IN THE UK 2011
industry
20%
transport
40%
domestic
28%
other
12%
7. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
DOMESTIC ENERGY
CONSUMPTION BY USE 2011
space heating
60%water
18%
cooking
3%
lighting and
appliances
19%
8. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
TRANSPORT ENERGY
CONSUMPTION BY USE 2011
rail
2%
road - passenger
47%
road - freight
24%
air
24%
water
3%
9. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
KEY THEMES
Whole life / whole house
Financial incentives to encourage private tenures to act
Work at spatial scale that will deliver most effective change
Sustainability beyond energy and carbon
Design principles to embed from start
Behaviour change needs to be understood
Measurement and post occupancy evaluation is key to
demonstration projects
Case studies provide learning and spread interest
Adaptation as well as mitigation
Skills required and opportunities for local development
Social justice – tackle poor quality housing and fuel poverty
10. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
ENGAGING LOCAL COMMUNITIES
AND HOUSEHOLDS
Superhomes network - physical fabric
Transition Streets – public engagement and
behaviour change
Low Energy Buildings database / TSB Retrofit for
the Future
Kirklees Warm Zone scheme
The importance of networks and case studies
17. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
1. Get an assessment of your property to
see what improvements you can make
and how much you could save on your
energy bills.
2. Choose a Green Deal provider to
carry out the work. You discuss with
them what work you want done and
whether the Green Deal is right for you.
3. If you go ahead with the improvements
you must sign your Green Deal Plan -
this is a contract between you and the
provider stating what work will be done
and how much it will cost. The provider
will then arrange for a Green Deal
installer to do the work.
4. Once the work is done, you’ll pay off
the money in instalments through
your electricity bill.
GREEN DEAL
18. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
„GREEN DEAL „GOLDEN RULE‟
.
You‟ll pay the money back through your electricity bill.
Amount you pay back should equal the amount you save
through reduced energy use over 25 years.
Loan plus interest (7%). Debt stays with the property.
19. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
RESEARCH INTO MOTIVATIONS
What are the triggers to engage people in
sustainable refurbishment?
What are the reasons for not wanting to do it?
We’re starting to build a picture based on
consumer research carried out for the
government, academic research and project
evaluations.
20. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
GREEN DEAL – PUBLIC APPETITE
MARKET RESEARCH
“My major concern is value for
money. ..the people who use
this scheme will pay a far
greater price than householders
who have the means to pay the
upfront cost.”
Homeowner, no dependents, low
income, detached/ semi-detached 1919-1980
property, Bridgend
“My God that‟s a lot
of work for such a
little saving.”
Homeowner, pre-family, low
income, detached/semi-
detached post-1980
property, Morpeth
Source: Consumer Needs and Wants for the
Green Deal, Ipsos Mori, 2011 for DECC
21. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
GREEN DEAL – PUBLIC APPETITE
MARKET RESEARCH
Source: Consumer Needs and Wants for the
Green Deal, Ipsos Mori, 2011 for DECC
Participants mentioned the following events as key
moments at which they would be most interested in
the Green Deal:
o the point of purchase of a new
property, particularly a long-term investment;
o a major renovation or refurbishment of a property;
o the replacement of a boiler or heating system; or
o the period moving towards retirement and a fixed
income.
22. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
RESEARCH INTO MOTIVATIONS
Source: Green deal or no deal Building customer confidence in energy efficiency services, Liz Lainé for
Consumer Focus, 2011
23. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
COMMUNITY RESILIENCE TO
EXTREME WEATHER (CREW)
Community Resilience to Extreme Weather (CREW) was an
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)-
funded research project undertaken by a consortium of 14
universities. It’s aim was to develop a set of tools for
improving the capacity for resilience of local communities to
the impacts of current and future extreme weather events.
A retrofit web tool was developed by researchers at De
Montfort University that offers guidance when choosing
retrofit adaptations to reduce dwelling overheating during
heat wave periods, whilst also considering the effect on
annual heating energy use and cost.
24. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
COMMUNITY RESILIENCE TO
EXTREME WEATHER (CREW)
Source: Adapting Dwellings to Climate Change retrofit advice tool. Porritt et al, 2011. Web-based tool
available at http://www.iesd.dmu.ac.uk/crew
25. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUBURBAN NEIGHBOURHOOD
ADAPTATION FOR A CHANGING
CLIMATE (SNACC)
Led by University of the West of England, Oxford Brookes
University and Heriot Watt University
Researched effective adaptation measures in 6 suburban
neighbourhoods in 3 cities in England
Aim was to identify successful climate adaptation and mitigation
measures:
those that perform well technically (i.e. they protect people
and property from climate change impacts and mitigate against
further climate change)
and those that are the most practical and acceptable for people
to implement
26. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUBURBAN NEIGHBOURHOOD
ADAPTATION FOR A CHANGING
CLIMATE (SNACC)
Source: Williams et al, 2012. Suburban Neighbourhood Adaptation for a Changing Climate
(SNACC) Final Report, University of the West of England, Oxford Brookes University and Heriot-Watt University
27. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Source: Williams et al, 2012. Suburban Neighbourhood Adaptation for a Changing Climate
(SNACC) Final Report, University of the West of England, Oxford Brookes University and Heriot-Watt University
28. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Source: Williams et al, 2012. Suburban Neighbourhood Adaptation for a Changing Climate
(SNACC) Final Report, University of the West of England, Oxford Brookes University and Heriot-Watt University
29. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUBURBAN NEIGHBOURHOOD
ADAPTATION FOR A CHANGING
CLIMATE (SNACC)
Reasons for being likely to
choose an adaptation measure
• Inexpensive
• Convenient to install (i.e. DIY)
• Looks attractive
• Lifestyle benefits
(enjoyable, reduces noise)
• Provides energy cost-savings
• Environmentally friendly (reduces
carbon emissions)
• Improves current climate comfort
• Is more efficient
• Potential for financial support
(grants and subsidies)
• Could be done easily with other
home renovations
Reasons for being less likely to
choose an adaptation measure
• Too expensive as initial cost
• Major building works required
• Bulky and unattractive
• Potential damage to property from
measure
• Loss of house space
• Inappropriate housing orientation
for measure
• Lack of space or sunlight required
for measure
• Simpler behavioural alternative
• Requiring external approval
Source: Williams et al, 2012. Suburban Neighbourhood Adaptation for a Changing Climate
(SNACC) Final Report, University of the West of England, Oxford Brookes University and Heriot-Watt University
30. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
REALITY OF MOTIVATING PUBLIC
oBuilt around 1910
oSolid wall brick
oSingle glazing
oLeasehold flats
31. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
DEMONSTRATING
BENEFITS
A new report for DECC
indicates that making
energy saving
improvements to a
property could increase
its value by 14 per cent
on average - and up to
38 per cent in some
parts of England.
Source: Final Project Report
An investigation of the effect of EPC ratings
on house prices, Fuerst et al, 2013
32. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUPPORTING LOCAL DELIVERY
Examples
Severn Wye Energy Agency – charity
BuyforGood – social enterprise
GreenBridge – funding for business
development
35. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Buy For Good (BFG) awards contracts that have a positive impact on
the local economy by:
• Creating jobs and training opportunities in target communities,
• Reducing Co2 and the effects of climate change,
• Minimising environmental impacts
• Supporting the Third Sector
• Stimulating Innovation
• Creating funding streams that are re-invested locally
The advantage of using BFG to purchasing authorities is:
• Pooled purchasing, leading to better terms with suppliers
• Provision of expert purchasing resource, relieving pressure on
internal resources
• Creating jobs in the locality of the works or supplies
• Creating training activity in the locality of the works or supplies
• Supporting the third sector
• A complimentary suite of contracts with reduced contract
management effort
37. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Long life loose fit low energy
Insulation Air-tightness Ventilation
Whole life costs
Whole house evaluation
User focused
Reduce energy demand
Fabric first, then kit
38. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY …PLUS
Important to understand broader impact and
opportunities of energy saving measures:
Opportunities to deliver multiple benefits to
residents and local areas – more likely to
engage
Beware unintended consequences
Importance of whole house / neighbourhood
scale interventions
Trusted delivery and engagement – intensive
but can provide social and economic value as
well as environmental benefit
39. TRANSITIONING TOWARDS URBAN RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
THANK YOU
www.turas-cities.eu
Dr Paula Vandergert
Sustainability Research Fellow
p.vandergert@uel.ac.uk
Editor's Notes
Sustainability research fellow in the Sustainability Research Institute at the University of East LondonParticular focus on community; built environment; sustainable supply chainPrevious experience:Senior sustainable design advisor at CABE – the government advisor for architecture, urban design and public space, where I managed the development and delivery of their sustainable cities programme, working with eight English Core Cities.Ecohomes and Code for Sustainable Homes assessment trainedSpaceShaper facilitatorDirector of Resilient Communities – SIA, community shops, older people; working with IIED, Plunkett Foundation, Durham UniversityAdvisor to adaptation, mitigation and sustainable energy research programmes funded by UK research councils
28 partners in 10 countries. Universities, local and regional governments and businesses.
Aim of the particular work package I’m involved with is bringing together sustainable and local economic development objectives...Sustainable refurbishment provides an ideal sector for opportunities to develop provide social value whilst delivering sustainable neighbourhood improvements. Will be explored further with local authority and community groups going forwards.
This chart shows the scale of the challenge posed by the domestic sector in the UK. Other is made up of agriculture, public admin and commerce
A combination of fabric and behaviour change required to increase energy efficiency, decrease energy use. Fabric is a large part. Given increasing efficiency of gas boilers, these are being replaced naturally by more efficient ones. Lighting and appliances are also becoming more energy efficient so natural replacement is helping. However, increasing numbers of electronic gadgets counters gains made. Space heating though will largely be brought down by fabric measures.
Again largest use is associated with domestic use – so indicates that strategic sustainable transport planning as well has individual behaviour change is required to make significant decreases to energy levels. Excludes minimal electric vehicle, biofuels.
Being able to visit actual refurbishment properties and read detailed case studies is a very valuable way of spreading the message. British people love to visit real homes and have a look round. Not only single dwellings are important but also examples of what actual communities are doing and have achieved is educational and interesting for people. Here are some examples. Gathering good practice
SuperHomes are older properties renovated by their owners to reduce carbon emissions by at least 60%. These include Georgian, Victorian, Edwardian and more modern properties. All have been transformed in terms of their energy efficiency, so they are warm, comfortable and have enviably low energy bills.
Transition Streets is a network of local community behaviour change projects, which started in Totnes, home of Transition Towns network. Research has been done on effectiveness of communication methods, with articles in the local papers and word of mouth by friends and family being influential on awareness and behaviour change.
Low Energy Buildings Database provides data on demonstration refurbishment projects throughout the country, including those supported by the government’s Technology Strategy Board Retrofit for the Future programme. Again, these kinds of online information banks are important for the public and professionals, to understand the process and also performance. In this example, we have the previous, forecast and measured CO2 and energy figures for a refurbished 100+ year old town house to passivhaus standards.
The award winning Kirklees Warm Zone scheme ran between 2007 and 2010 and was one of the largest scale home energy improvement programmes in the UK. The Warm Zone adopted an area based approach which is now recognised by The Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), The Local Government Association (LGA) and energy companies as a cost effective efficient means of delivering significant home improvements, green skills, job creation and reductions in fuel poverty.On a house by house, ward by ward basis, Warm Zone contacted every householder to give them the opportunity to make their home warmer and more comfortable and more energy efficient.Key outputs from the scheme included:165,686 households visited.133,746 energy assessments carried out.111,394 homes referred to the insulation contractor for a technical survey.42,999 properties have had loft insulation installed and 21,473 have had cavity wall installed and in total 51,155 households had measures installed.26,453 fire safety referrals were made and 129,986 carbon monoxide detectors were distributed.16,111 households were referred to benefit and debt advice teams with estimated annual benefit gains of £1,648,115. Confirmed benefit gains where resident was re-contactable and they had made the benefit claim totalled £732,669.
Efforts made to keep customers happy and capture customer satisfaction Partnership approaches to marketing of the scheme, and consistent branding of the local Warm Zone programme The universal and unique service offer to local residents The scheme’s impact on the national reputation of organisations involved in its delivery.
One of the challenges identified was in identifying reasons for non-take-up.the need to better understand non-take-up of the scheme (e.g. the demographic profile, household types, motivations, characteristics and socio-economic profile of those that did not take-up the scheme, which some partners speculated may include already vulnerable and socially excluded residents).
Typical interventions recommended are:Wall and roof insulationImproving heating controlsNew energy efficient boilerDraft proofingDouble glazingRenewable energy
When participants were shown examples of the packages of measures which could be delivered through the Green Deal and the financing of these (see Figure 2) almost all felt the scheme only offered limited annual cost savings on their energy bills. For instance, participants highlighted the £5 annual overall saving for external solid wall insulation as little incentive to invest their time and effort in engaging with the process. This was particularly the case for those in older properties who had to trade off the likely disruption from solid wall insulation against any benefits in terms of thermal comfort and lower bills. Although initially participants found the lack of upfront cost offered by the Green Deal appealing, this was outweighed by their perception that the annual cost savings were too low to make the likely disruption and effort of navigating the scheme worthwhile.
Incorporporating energy efficiency measures combined with other key decisions and interventions regarding a property are likely to be most effective
Consumer confidence in any scheme will be absolutely critical to uptake. A consumer focus survey shows that confidence in the people giving advice and installing measures has to be in place
As well as market research, academic researchers are starting to build a picture of the effectiveness of interventions and community attitudes and decision-making behaviour. Two research projects funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under the Adaptation and Resilience in a Changing Climate Programme have highlighted the need to understand the interactions between climate mitigation and adaptation measures and the effectiveness and likelihood of their uptake.
Retrofit advice toolMid (1st) Floor FlatThis tool is a useful guide to effectiveness of measures for overheating taking into account energy efficiency. It’s important to note the differences based on occupancy. In both cases certain wall insulation measures (such as those promoted by the Green Deal) can exacerbate overheating.The results are based on modelling the effects of adaptations when applied to base case (unadapted) dwellings during the August 2003 heat wave, where London temperatures exceeded 37°C and over 2,000 people died from heat related health problems.
Residents’ likelihood to implement mitigation measures
Residents’ likelihood to implement ‘summer’ adaptation measures
Residents’ likelihood to implement ‘winter’ adaptation measures
Demonstrating to homeowners that investing in sustainable refurbishment measures will increase the value of their property – in the same way that other home improvements do – will be a clear incentive to undertake these measures and overcome one of the major perceived barriers.
Another positive benefit at the local level is in opportunities to deliver social value by increased job opportunities, supply chain and upskilling opportunities for local businesses. Some of these are being promoted alongside campaigns to engage homeowners in sustainable refurbishment. They often involve the third sector.
Severn Wye energy agency are an independent charity and not-for-profit company which aims to promote sustainable energy and affordable warmth through partnership, awareness-raising, innovation and strategic action.We use our practical expertise to help individuals, groups, businesses and other organisations become more energy efficient and sustainable, and to help people out of fuel poverty. We do this by working from the strategic level through to practical action on the ground, developing projects and solutions, offering impartial advice and technical support, and providing training and education for people of all ages and backgrounds.
BFG is the awarding body for the Birmingham Energy Savers (BES) contract worth up to £35m. The contract is currently for the provision of PV (Photovoltaic solar panels) supplies and installations. West Midlands reach – by bringing public sector procurers together achieve economies. Increasing social value in a cost-neutral way. Really important for local authorities in these budget-constrained times. Also stimulates innovation.
This is a new initiative seeking to support SME green innovation and job creation. This kind of initiative can help with capturing social value and can link to sustainable refurbishment schemes.