Greenhouse Gases
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This document summarizes key greenhouse gases and their concentrations from pre-industrial times to 2008. It shows that CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide levels have all significantly increased since 1750. CO2 levels have increased over 30% to 383.9 ppm in 2008 from 280 ppm in pre-1750 levels. Methane levels have increased over 150% and nitrous oxide levels have increased over 15%. It defines global warming potential as a metric for comparing the ability of different gases to absorb infrared radiation, with CO2 assigned a value of 1.
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Non-condensing CO2 provides the stable temperature structure that sustains atmospheric water vapor and clouds (1). When the earth’s orbit and tilt triggered a cooling trend 110,000 years ago, CO2 decreased and water condensed and froze, plunging the earth into an ice age. About 18,000 years ago, orbital changes warmed the oceans which emitted dissolved CO2 gas. This greenhouse forcing warmed the earth and melted the ice.
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Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slack
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Letter and Document Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Sol...
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Nordic Marketo Engage User Group_June 13_ 2024.pptx
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Greenhouse Gases
- 2. Table of Greenhouse Gases Type Pre-1750 2008 Atmospheric Global Increased tropospheric tropospheric lifetime warming radiative concentration concentration potential forcing (W/m2) CO2 280 ppm 383.9 ppm ≈ 100 years 1 1.66 Methane 700 ppb 1857/1735 12 25 .48 CH4 ppb Nitrous 270 ppb 321/320 ppb 114 298 .16 oxide N2O Ozone O3 25 ppb 34 ppb Hours-days N.A. .35 Sulfur 0 3.6 ppt 3,200 24,000 hexafluoride SF6 0-3x104 ppb 0-3x104 ppb Water vapor Days ? ? Source for rows 1-4, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, cdiac.ornl.gov
- 3. Global warming potential is the amount of IR absorbed by one kilogram of a gas over 100 years compared to the IR absorbed by one kilogram of CO2 over 100 years. The GWP of CO2 is arbitrarily taken to be 1.
- 4. Source: Scripps CO2 Program, scrippsco2.ucsd.edu
- 10. The main things to notice about the carbon cycle is that the natural cycle is almost in balance. The oceans and vegetation are both sources and sinks of CO2. •The oceans put out 90 GtC/yr and absorb 92 GtC/yr •The soil and vegetation put 121.6 GtC/yr and absorb 121.3 GtC/yr. •The oceans, soil, and vegetation absorb 1.7 GtC/yr more than they put out. Humans put out 5.5 GtC/yr but absorb no CO2. Thus the CO2 we put into the atmosphere builds up except for the small net absorption by other means.