GREEN KONSTENIUS Competence and digitization nodes for audio visual content in sweden
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As presented by Eva-Lis Green and Göran Konstenius at the 2018 FIAT/IFTA World Conference in Venice.
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GREEN KONSTENIUS Competence and digitization nodes for audio visual content in sweden
- 1. National competence and digitising nodes for audiovisual content in sweden Will this be possible? FIAT/IFTA 2018 Eva-Lis Green and Göran Konstenius
- 2. National Audiovisual Collections in Sweden – institutions and missions – The BIG 3 The National Library of Sweden (10 million hours) The Swedish Film institute (30 000 Titles) Public Service Broadcast Archives (approx. 450 000 hours audio visual 590 000 hours sound)
- 3. Mission from the government 2018 • The National Library of Sweden and the Swedish Film Institute shall investigate and leave proposals concerning how to, in a national perspective, digitise audiovisual content in a efficient way
- 4. What do we mean by audiovisual material? • Only physical carriers - analogue and digital • medias like music, films, audio books, radio, television and multimedia • Documenting recordings from the whole society - as from government body, foundations, commercial companies, private collections etc.
- 5. Background • In 2011 the Ministry of Culture commissioned the Swedish National Archives to present a national strategy for speeding up the digitising of the cultural heritage collections • A secretariat and a steering committee were formed to be in charge of the commission and was named Digisam • Digisam formed a dedicated working group with the aim to discuss and describe special issues concerning audio-visual material • Digisams report vas presented in 2015
- 6. Digisams conclusion • Audiovisual recordings hold important information about our national cultural heritage • Audiovisual content stored on obsolete technical carriers is at risk of being lost. • Audiovisual collections exist in many institutions, but only a few of them have the competence and technical resources that are needed to preserve them, and make them accessible • No institution has a national coordinating responsability for digitisation of audiovisual material
- 7. What’s need to be done? • Launch a national inventory of audiovisual collections • Propose a prioritised national digitisation plan • Establish national nodes for digitisation • Establish national guidelines • Investigate legal issues concerning business models • Establish solutions for long term digital preservation
- 8. How to perform a national inventory? • Coordination on a national level • Involving archives, libraries and museums at a regional and local level • Involve researchers • Set up a national register over audiovisual collections • Establish an efficient model – start with one region • Learn from Norway!
- 9. A national node for digitisation? • Financed by public funding (i.e. by the government) • A possibility for institutions to digitise audiovisual collections • Machinery for audio, video and film, spare parts • An efficient standardised digitisation process • Competence in handling obsolete audiovisual sound and video systems • Competence in technical service • Competence in long term digital preservation of audiovisual content
- 10. Existing digitisation facilities – public ownership • National Library of Sweden – large scale digitisation of sound and video tapes and film (3,5 million hours) • Swedish Film Institute – high quality digitalisation of film
- 11. Proposals – short term The National Library of Sweden shall get a mission to estimate costs concerning: • A national inventory of audiovisual collections • Setting up national nodes for digitisation at the National Library of Sweden and The Swedish Film institute
- 12. Proposal – long term The National Library of Sweden shall: • Coordinate the work on a prioritised plan for digitalisation of audiovisual collections • Set up a national node for digitising audiovisual collections • Coordinating the work on establishing national guidelines • Be responsible for efficient access to audiovisual content for research The Swedish Film Institute shall: • Set up a national node for high quality digitising of film • Set up a national node for editing high quality digital video files for the keeping of originality
- 13. Reflections • Sweden has always lacked a coordinator for the complete swedish audiovisual heritage • Awareness of big audiovisual collections outside the BIG 3 • Two main legislations – legal deposit and archive law • Archive investigation • Democracy 100 – project • How to value audiovisual content • The idea of national audio visual archives in times of digitalisation
- 14. Thank you!
Editor's Notes
- In 2018 the national library of sweden and the swedish filminstitute got a mission from the government to propose how to, in cooperation and in a national perspective, digitalise audiovisual content in a an efficiant way
- I think its important to first clearify what we in this paper mean by audiovisual material. In this paper the concept ”audiovisual material” covers all kinds of physical carriers – both analogue and digital. It does not cover digital recordings archived in systems for long term preservation of digital content. Focus is hence on audiovisual carriers like very old formats and analogue- and digital magnetic tapes and so on. The content can consist of traditional medias like music, films, audio books, radio, television and multimedia, as well as of documenting recordings from the whole society - as from government body, foundations, companies, private collections etc.
- The backround for this mission is that the Swedish National Archives in 2011 was given the task to present a national strategy for speeding up the digitising of the cultural heritage collections. A secretariat and a steering committee were formed to be in charge of the commission and was named Digisam. The steering committee consisted of the heads of The national library, the national archive and the head of The Swedish National Heritage Board, which is Sweden's central administrative agency in the area of cultural heritage. In 2014 Digisam formed a working group that was focused on issues concerning preservation of audio-visual material. In 2015 Digisam ended its mission and handed over a proposal for a national strategy for speeding up the digitizing of the cultural heritage collections.
- The conclusions made by Digisam concerning preservation of audiovisual conten was that: Audiovisual recordings hold important information about our national cultural heritage. As I just mentioned this includes audiovisual medias like music, films, radio and tv, as well as documenting recordings from the whole society. Audiovisual content stored on obsolete technical carriers, magnetic tapes and burned CD- and DVD-discs, is at risk of being lost. In fact the National library already have lost information stored on, for example, digital magnetic tapes. Audiovisual collections exist in many institutions, but only a few of them have the competence and the technical resources that is needed to preserve them, and make them accessible No institution has a national coordinating responsability for digitising audiovisual material. Especially small institutions lacks both competence and technical resources, and often they don’t know what is on the sound- and videotapes. Therefore the material is not cataloged
- So, whats need to be done? The investigation that the national library just completed resulted in the following conclusions. We have to launch a national inventory of audiovisual collections. That is necessary for making a national digitization plan. We have to establish national nodes for digitization. I will come back to what we mean by national nodes for digitization. We have to establish national guidelines for metadata and digital formats, and that is something that naturally will come as a result of creating digitization processes at the national digitization nodes. There have to business models that is compatible with existing procurement rules. And of course there must be established solutions for long term digital preservation.
- Going back to the need of a national invetory as a prerequisite for a national digitisation plan. How can this be done? We think that its must be coordinated on a national level, but also that it must involve libraries and museums at a regional and local level, as well as researchers. A national register over audiovisual collections must be created to provide a complete picture of the inventory. Before starting an inventory on a national level it can be a good idea to start with one region, just to establish an efficient model. In Norway the Norwegian national library got a mission 2018 to perform a national inventory of audio visual material and to present a draft of a national digitalization plan. The inventory should cover both public and private audiovisual collections. The result should be handed over to the ministry of cultural before summer 2019.
- I mentioned earlier the need of national nodes for digitization. Now, what do we mean by that? We have defined the concept as this: A national node for digitising should be financed by public funding, and will make it possible for institutions like archives libraries and museums to digitise their audiovisual collections. The national nodes should hold technical equipment, both old audiovisual sound- and videosystems as well as digital equipment, like analogue-digital converters and so on. The digitizing should be carried out as efficient standardised digitisation processes. A national nod for digitization also must hold competence in handling and service of old audiovisual technical systems. A national node also must hold competence in long term digital preservation of audiovisual content. As a result of this there will be national guidelines for digitizing, that also can be used for those who choose to buy digitizing services on the commercial market.
- Now, to be more specific about setting up national digitising nodes. In sweden we have two existing, and public funded, digitising facilities that can be developed into national digitising nodes. The National Library have built a large scale digitisation of sound and video tapes and film, and have since 2006 digitized about 3,5 million hours of sound, video and film from the libraries own collection – mainly consisting of legal deposits of radio- and tv-material. The Swedish Film Institute has a highly advanced digitalisation of film in professional formats from their own collection, aimed for cinema shows on digital cinemas. This means that there is good conditions for developing thoose existing digitization facilities in to national digitizing nodes.
- To implement national digitising nodes, as well as perform a national inventory of audiovisual collections will demand specific funds. The short term proposal is therefore that The National Library of Sweden shall get a new mission to estimate costs concerning a national inventory of audiovisual collections and to set up national nodes for digitisation at the National Library and The Swedish Film institute
- The National Library handling all audiovisual medias covered by legal deposits. This includes radio, television, music, films, audio books and multimedia. In all about 10 million hours. About 3 million hours of the physical medias have been digitised. The national library also hold a catalogue that allows direct access to the digital sound- and video files. The long term proposal is therfore that The National Library shall: Coordinate the work on a prioritised plan for digitalisation of audiovisual collections Set up a national node for digitising audiovisual collections Coordinating the work on establishing national guidelines Be responsible for efficient access to audiovisual content for research The Swedish Film Institute shall: Set up a national node for high quality digitising of film Set up a national node for editing high quality digital video files for the keeping of originality