Green Growth examines the impact of wind energy on jobs and the economy in the EU. The wind energy industry increased its contribution to the EU’s gross domestic product (GDP) by 33% between 2007 and 2010. In 2010, the industry’s growth was twice that of the EU’s GDP overall, with the sector contributing €32 billion to an EU economy in slowdown. Contents: The sector created 30% more jobs from 2007 to 2010 to reach nearly 240,000, while EU unemployment rose by 9.6% . By 2020, there should be 520,000 jobs in the sector. The sector was a net exporter of €5.7 billion worth of goods and services in 2010. The sector avoided €5.71 billion of fuel costs in 2010. The sector invested 5% of its spending in R&D – three times more than the EU average. Wind turbine manufacturers commit around 10% of their total turnover to R&D.

1. Green Growth
The impact of wind energy on jobs and the
economy

2. Key findings for 2010
• The wind industry contributed €32.43
bn to EU GDP
– 33% increase since 2007
– The sector generated 0.26% of
the EU’s GDP
• The wind industry paid €3.59 bn in
taxes
– Over 50% increase since 2007
• The wind industry avoided €5.71 bn
in fuel costs from
coal, oil, gas, biomass and waste

3. Key findings for 2010 continued
• The wind energy sector exported
products and services worth €8.8bn
– 33% increase since 2007
• The wind industry directly and
indirectly employed 238,154 people
in the EU
– 30% increase since 2007
• The wind industry spent over 5% of
its turnover in R&D
– three times more than the
economy-wide average
• Over 48% of EU wind energy
companies had activities outside the

4. Key findings for 2020
• The wind industry will contribute
€94.5 bn to EU GDP
– An almost three-fold increase
over the next ten years
– The sector generating 0.59% of
the EU’s GDP
• The wind industry will continue to be
a driver for economic growth over the
next ten years
• The number of jobs will increase to
520,000 by 2020
– A rise of more than 200% over the
next 10 years

5. Key findings for 2030
• The wind industry will contribute
€173 bn to EU GDP, generating
almost 1% of the EU’s GDP
– A five-fold increase over the next
20 years.
• The number of jobs will increase to
794,079
– An increase of 233% over 20
years

15. EU wind energy sector director contributions to
GDP
from 2007 to 2010 (constant prices)
20
18
17.61
16 16.91
14
€ billion - current prices
14.11
12 12.44
10
8
6
4
2
2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: Deloitte

16. Growth of wind energy sector direct contribution
to
EU GDP
25.00%
20.00%
19.8%
15.00%
Annual growth
13.4%
10.00%
5.00%
4.1%
0.00%
2008 2009 2010
Source: Deloitte

17. Wind energy’s direct contribution to EU GDP
and EU GDP growth
25%
20% 19.8%
15%
13.4%
10%
5%
4.1%
0.5% 1.9%
0%
2008 2009 2010
-5%
-4.3%
-10%
∆ EU27 GDP ∆ EU27 Wind Energy contribution to GDP
Source: Deloitte

18. Relative weight of the wind industry’s sub-sectors
in terms of direct GDP
100%
90% 19.90% 20.80% 20.30% 20.50%
80%
15.80% 14.90% 14.10% 13.10%
70%
60%
25.80% 23.70%
50% 24.40% 25.20%
40%
30%
20% 39.90% 39.10% 39.70% 42.80%
10%
0%
2007 2008 2009 2010
Developers Wind Turbine Manufacturers
Component Manufacturers Service providers
Source: Deloitte

19. Total normalised wind energy productions (TWh)
200
181.7
180
159.0
160
136.4
140
118.5
120
TWh
100
80
60
40
20
2007 2008 2009 2010
Offshore wind energy production (TWh) Onshore wind energy production (TWh)
Source: Deloitte

20. Average growth of wind energy selling prices
compared to fossil fuel prices
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
2008 2009 2010
-20%
-40%
-60%
Wind Energy average revenue per MWh
Oil price - Brent barrel
Natural Gas - Zeebrugge
Natural Gas - Henry Hub
OECD Coal Imports Source: Bloomberg - World Energy Outlook (IEA)

21. Geographical distribution of new wind capacity
installations in 2010
Other
India 7.1%
5.5%
North America
14.9%
China
48.8%
EU27
23.7%
Source: Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC)

22. Share of sub-sectors in wind industry exports
10
3%
3%
3%
16%
€ billion constant 2010 prices
3% 18%
17%
Wind energy exports
19%
5
68%
67%
69%
67%
11% 11% 12% 13%
0
2007 2008 2009 2010
Wind Energy Producers
Wind Turbine Manufacturers
Component Manufacturers
Source: Deloitte-EWEA

23. EU wind industry imports in € billion
(constant prices 2010)

24. Share of sub-sectors in wind industry net exports
6.0
2%
2% 9%
5.0 2%
10%
8%
2%
4.0
9%
€ billion in constant 2010 prices
3.0 72%
Net exports of wind power
70%
74%
2.0 72%
1.0
18% 18%
17% 16%
0.0
2007 2008 2009 2010
Wind Energy Producers Wind Turbine Manufacturers
Component Manufacturers Services
Source: Deloitte-EWEA

25. Taxes paid by EU wind industry
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
€ billion
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2007 2008 2009 2010
Corporate tax 1.12 1.32 1.59 1.66
Other taxes (taxes not linked to
0.16 0.19 0.24 0.27
the corporate profit)
Total company taxes 1.28 1.51 1.83 1.92
Income tax 1.18 1.34 1.61 1.67
Total taxes 2.39 2.83 3.40 3.59
Source: Deloitte

26. Wind energy avoided fuel costs
7
5.86
6 5.71
5.10
5
4
3.51
TWh
3
2
1
2007 2008 2009 2010
Biomass and waste Gas Oil Coal
Source: EWEA

27. Indirect added value generated by the wind energy
in the rest of the economy (€ billion)
Basic metal
Electric and electronic…
Fabricated metal products
Transport
Construction
Financial intermediation
Rubber and plastic products
Professional services
Post and telecommunication
IT services
Research and development
Chemical products
Others
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
€ billion
Source: Deloitte

28. Indirect employment key findings
• The wind industry’s indirect contribution to EU GDP
was €14.8 bn in 2010
– Increasing by 24% since 2007
– It now represents 0.12% of total EU GDP
• Every Euro generated directly by the wind industry
generates around €c90 in other sectors of the
economy
• The metal, electric and electronic sectors benefit the
most from investment in the wind industry, followed by
transport and construction
• Employment generated by the wind industry in other
sectors of the economy was 102,300 posts in 2010
– A 31% increase since 2007

29. Wind energy sector’s share of total EU GDP
0.30%
0.26%
0.25%
0.25%
0.20%
0.20% 0.18%
0.15%
0.10%
0.05%
0.00%
2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: Deloitte

30. Evolution of total employment of the wind energy
sector in numbers of jobs
300,000
250,000 238,154
230,970
198,647 196,632
200,000 182,628 189,096
Employment
153,793 154,476
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2007 2008 2009 2010
Current Analysis Pure Power (2011)
Source: EWEA - Deloitte

31. Evolution of wind energy sector R&D expenditure
per sub-sector in € million
1,000
900
90
800 84
72
73
700
72
600 65
€ million
58
419
500 57 427
400 349
283
300
200
276 319
100 192 223
0
2007 2008 2009 2010
Services 58 72 84 90
Component manufacturers 57 65 73 72
Wind Turbine manufacturers 283 349 427 419
Developers 192 223 276 319
Source: Deloitte

32. R&D key findings
• Since 2007, the sector’s R&D expenditure has
constantly been above 5% of its GDP
– 2.5 to three times more than economy-wide expenditure
• In 2010, the wind energy sector spent €900 mn on
R&D
• Wind turbine manufacturers commit the most to R&D
– around 10% of their GDP

33. Forecast of direct and indirect employment in wind
energy sector in 2020 and 2030 in numbers of jobs
900,000
794,079
800,000
700,000
600,000
520,659
500,000
400,000
300,000 238,155
200,000
100,000
0
2010 2020 2030
Indirect 102,292 231,404 352,924
Direct 135,863 289,255 441,155
Total 238,155 520,659 794,079
Source: Deloitte - EWEA

34. EU wind energy sector key findings
• Over 48% of European wind energy sector companies
have activities outside the EU
• Of the 10 biggest wind turbine manufacturers in the
world, four are EU-based
• Five of the ten biggest wind energy developers in the
world are EU-based
• EU wind energy companies employ some 20,000 EU
professionals in non-EU countries

35. About the European Wind Energy Association
EWEA is the voice of the wind industry, actively
promoting wind power in Europe and worldwide. It has
over 700 members from almost 60 countries making
EWEA the world's largest and most powerful wind energy
network.
Rue d'Arlon 80
B-1040 Brussels
Belgium
www.ewea.org

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information about wind energy event please visit EWEA’s
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