This document defines and provides examples of different types of sentences: independent clauses, dependent clauses, simple sentences, compound sentences, and complex sentences. It also lists common conjunctions and provides examples of their use in sentences.

1. SENTENCE PATTERN
Clause (Independent and Dependent Clause)
Simple Sentence
Compound Sentence
Complex Sentence

2. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
 Can stand on its own, by itself
 No need to be joined to any other clauses
Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry
quiz.

3. DEPENDENT CLAUSE
 Does not express a complete thought
 Need to be joined with independent clause to be
complete
When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his
chemistry quiz . . .
(What happened when he studied? The thought is
incomplete.)
 * Before, after, because, since, in order to, although, though,
whenever, wherever, whether, while, even though, even if,
who, which, that

4. SIMPLE SENTENCE
 1 independent clause
S + V ( + O, + Complement)
Ed is working on his project.
The new security guard always stands at the gate.
My mom and dad ask me to help them in their
business.
Many people thinks about money all the time.

5. COMPOUND SENTENCE
 2 independent clauses
 Equal importance
 Be joined with conjunction
[ for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so], or semicolon ( ; )
S1 + V1 +, Conjunction( or ; ) + S2 + V2
IC1 +, Conjunction ( or ; ) + IC 2
I love dogs. My boyfriend doesn’t love dogs.
I love dogs, but my boyfriend doesn’t.
Students are lazy. It’s summer period.
It’s summer period, so students are lazy.

6. COMPLEX SENTENCE
 At least 1 independent clause with 1 or more
dependent clause
 One is more important than another
 Have subordinating conjunction or a relative
pronoun
[ although, though, because, in contrast, when, while,
that, who, which, etc.]
IC+ DC
The woman, who bought me coffee, is my secretary.
Although Fred knows the truth, he insists to do.

7. COMMON CONJUNCTION
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet, still
So, therefore,
accordingly
although, even though, even if, though
that, so that, in order that
because, since
before, after
If, unless
while, whereas
as, as if, as long as
when, whenever, where, wherever, who, which, whoever
Coordinate Subordinate

8. CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE CONJUNCTION TO
COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.
AND NOR BUT OR BECAUSE ALTHOUGH
1. We decided not to buy the parts________ the cost
was too high.
2. _______ he passed the first interview, he failed the
second interview
3. Neither the price______ the quality of service meet
our requirement.
4. Workers can apply now______ wait until a position
becomes available.
5. The restaurant is famous for its delicious
food_____ its friendly staff.
6. His mother always buys things at shopping mall
_______ he buys online.

9. Unfortunately, our principal parts supplier, HX
Industries, has been experiencing difficulties at
one of their main manufacturing plants,____ this
has caused a delay in the delivery of replacement
parts.
A. but
B. and
C. because
D. whether

10.  Jean Mallet has been selected to replace Henri
Valois, ________ is retiring as president and
executive officer of Marteux Pharmaceutical
Corporation.
A. That
B. It
C. Which
D. Who

11.  Either the organization’s sponsors will pay for the
building addition_______ we will have to raise the
money ourselves.
A. or
B. but
C. and
D. nor