This document provides tips for boosting the structure score of writing by using complex sentences that join ideas through relative clauses, conjunctions, participial phrases, passive voice, and prepositional phrases. It notes to avoid repetition and gives examples of rewriting simple sentences into more complex sentences using these techniques.

1. BOOSTING STRUCTURE SCORE BY
BUILDING COMPLEX SENTENCES/
JOINING IDEAS
A. Using Relative Clause
Relative pronouns: who, which, that, whom, where, why, and when
B. Using Conjunction/ Subordinator/ Adverbials
E.g. after, before, as a result, however, therefore, and, but
C. Using Participial Phrase
Past participle (V.3) and present participle (V.ing)
D. Using Passive Form
Be + V.3
E. Using prepositional phrase

2. NOTE
Avoid the repetition of words.
You will probably have to change/
substitute words.
It is acceptable for the topic sentence
to be a simple sentence.

3. 1. Global warming is a common topic these days.
2. Global warming causes environmental problems.
3. There are many tough challenges from a result of
global warming.
Global warming (A) which is a common topic these
days (D) is believed to cause environmental
problems, (C) leading to many tough challenges,
(B) as a result.

4. 1. Increasing taxes would raise prices and lower
consumption.
2. Fast food companies would pass on these taxes to
consumers.
3. Taxes will be in the form of higher prices.
4. Increasing tax would lead to people not being able
to afford junk food.
Increasing taxes would raise prices and lower
consumption. Fast food companies would pass on
these taxes to consumers (E) in the form of higher
prices, (B) and this would lead to people not being
able to afford junk food.

5. TRY A SIMPLE ONE
1. The car was extremely
expensive.
2. Bob didn't have much
money.
3. He bought the car.

6. MODEL ANSWER
Even though Bob didn't have
much money, he bought the
extremely expensive car.