The document discusses the interconnectedness of humans and their environment, emphasizing the mutual influence and adaptation between them. It outlines concepts of human-environment systems, Filipino psychology, and cultural values such as 'kapwa' and 'pakikisama', illustrating how these shape social interactions and communal relationships. Various psychological traditions in the Philippines are explored, highlighting unique frameworks and methodologies that inform Filipino psychological thought.

1. Human-Environment
System

2. Human
Humans have the capacity to interact
with its environment.
Human and environment have the mutual
interaction with each other.
Human have the capacity to change or
influence the balance of the society.
Human always have the capacity to
adapts to its

3. Environment
Environment is a complex of many
variables which surrounds man as well
as the living organisms.
Environments includes water, air, and
land and the interrelationships which
exist among system.

4. Systems
 It may be described as a complex of
interacting components together with
the relationships among them that
permit the identification of a boundary?
minting entity and process.
 Is a collection of components that
interact with each other to form
aggregated whole.

5. Human-Environment System
It is also known as the Coupled Human and
Natural System or CHANS
 Show how humans and the environment
both impact each other.
Integrated scientific framework for studying
the interface and reciprocal interaction that
links humans to natural sub-systems of the
planet.
Interaction between the human social system
and the ecosystem.

6. Human Eco-System is Complex
Adaptive System
Complex – because they have many
parts and connections
Adaptive – because they have many
structures that promote survival.

7. Ecosystem Services
 Modifying the environment for
human purposes and obtain
benefits.
Information
Timber
water
Land
 food

8. Co-evolution
The process of reciprocal evolutionary
change that occur between pairs of
species or among groups of species, as
they interact to one another

9. Co- Adoptation
It is the process by which two or more
species, traits, organ, or genes
undergo adoptation as a pair or
groups

10. Drivers-Pressures-State-Impact-
Response (DPSIR) Model
A. Identifies the various casual chains of
link between human activities.
B. Distinguishes several categories of
indication in order to explain how the state
of environment is changed.
C. Developed by European environmental
agency (EEA to assess the environmental
problem

13. Filipino Psychology(Sikolohiyang Pilipino)
Filipino psychology, or Sikolohiyang Pilipino, in
Filipino, is defined as the psychology rooted
on the experience, ideas, and cultural
orientation of the Filipinos. It was formalized in
1975 by the Pambansang Samahan sa
Sikolohiyang Pilipino (National Association for
Filipino Psychology) under the leadership of
Virgilio Enriquez, who is regarded by many as
the father of Filipino Psychology

14. Historical Threads of Philippines
Psychological Thought
Academic Scientific Psychology or
Akademiko-siyentipikal na Sikolohiya: This
follows the American-oriented psychological
tradition that can be traced back to Wilhelm
Wundt in 1876. It was introduced in the
Philippines through formal American
education system in universities.

15. Academic Philosophic Psychology or
Akademiko-pilosopiya na Sikolohiya: This
was started by priest-professors at the
University of Santo Tomas 68 during the 17th
century Spanish era. This tradition originally
came from the writings of the preachers
and monks in philosophy and "pre-
scientific" Spanish elites and would later join
with the American-oriented scientific
psychology.

16. Ethnic Psychology or Taal na Sikolohiya:
this is the Philippine indigenous psychology in the
sense that this includes the frame of
psychological reasoning, enculturation practices,
beliefs, and proto-clinical practices that can be
culled from language, literature, myths, legends,
etc. This also includes psychological systems
worked out by Filipinos with Filipino indigenous
elements as basis (eg. Hermano Pule, Rizal,
Isabelo de los Reyes, Kalaw, etc.) and Sikolohiya
ng mga Pilipino (Psychology of the Filipino) as
formulated by Virgilio Enriquez.

17. Psycho-medical Systems or Siko-medikal na
mga Sistema:
A psychological tradition that is closely
related to ethnic psychology. The psycho-
medical tradition that has religion as the basis
and explanation. This includes the faith
healing practices of the babaylan and the
katalonan. According to Salazar, he believes
that “no real healing could take place if there
were no common ideology or frame of
reference… understood and accepted by
both healer and patient.”

19. Basic Tenent Core value or
Kapwa (shared inner self)
Kapwa is the core construct of
Filipino Psychology. Kapwa has
two categories, Ibang Tao and
Hindi Ibang Tao.

20. Ibang Tao ("outsider”)
There are five interaction levels under this category
Pakikitungo: civility – right behavior meant right demeanor
towards authorities (Parents, Elders, etc.).
Pakikisalamuha: act of mixing – This is a social value that is
primarily communitarian. It espouses the ability to adapt.
Pakikilahok: act of joining – This translates to participation
of the entire community to help a person.
 Pakikibagay: conformity – This runs into conflict with
individuality which many Filipinos in fact willingly throw
away in favor of conformity with demands of those who are
in charge.
Pakikisama: being united with the group.

21. Hindi Ibang Tao ("one-of-us")
There are three interaction levels under
this category:
Pakikipagpalagayang-loob: act of
mutual trust
Pakikisangkot: act of joining others
Pakikipagkaisa: being one with
others

22. Pivotal interpersonal value
Pakiramdam: Shared inner
perceptions. Filipinos use
damdam, or the inner perception
of others' emotions, as a basic
tool to guide their dealings with
other people.

23. Linking socio-personal value
Kagandahang-Loob: Shared
humanity. This refers to being able to
help other people in dire need due
to a perception of being together as
a part of one Filipino humanity.

24. Accommodative surface values
Hiya: Loosely translated as 'shyness' by most
Western psychologists, Hiya is actually 'sense of
propriety'.
Utang na loob: Norm of reciprocity. Filipinos are
expected by their neighbors to return favors—
whether these were asked for or not—when it is
needed or wanted.
Pakikisama and Pakikipagkapwa: Smooth
Interpersonal Relationship, or SIR, as coined by
Lynch (1961 and 1973). This attitude is primarily
guided by conformity with the majority

25. Confrontative Surface Values
Bahala_na: Bahala Na translates literally as "leave it up
to God (Bathala)" and it is used as an expression,
almost universally, in Filipino culture. Filipinos engage in
the bahala na attitude as a culture-influenced
adaptive coping strategy when faced with challenging
situations.
 Lakas ng loob: This attitude is characterized by being
courageous in the midst of problems and uncertainties.
 Pakikibaka: Literally in English, it means concurrent
clashes. It refers to the ability of the Filipino to
undertake revolutions and uprisings against a

26. Societal Values
Karangalan: Loosely translated to dignity, this actually refers
to what other people see in a person and how they use that
information to make a stand or judge about his/her worth.
Puri: the external aspect of dignity. May refer to how other
people judge a person of his/her worth. This compels a
common Filipino to conform to social norms, regardless how
obsolete they are.
Dangal: the internal aspect of dignity. May refer to how a
person judges his own worth.
Katarungan: Loosely translated to justice, this actually refers
toequity in giving rewards to a person.
Kalayaan: Freedom and mobility. Ironically, this may clash
with the less important value of pakikisama or pakikibagay
(conformity).

27. Some of the approaches and methods
used in Filipino Psychology are:
Pakikipagkuwentuhan: to tell a story'.
Panunuluyan:
stays in the home of his kalahok or participant while he
conducts the research
Pagdadalaw-dalaw: The term dalaw literally means 'visit'.
Pagtatanung-tanong
undergoes a kind of questioning session with his kalahok o
participants
Pakikiramdam
The term damdam literally means 'inner perception of
emotions'