Gr 10 architecture
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This document compares architectural structures from different historical periods and styles. It provides details on key characteristics of Egyptian pyramids, Greek Parthenon, Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace, Walter Gropius' Bauhaus, Frank Lloyd Wright's Fallingwater, and postmodern architecture. Students are asked to design their own building incorporating elements from two architectural periods and draw it using two-point perspective.
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Printmaking is a technique that uses inked blocks or plates to print images multiple times. It originated in China around 100 AD as a woodcut printing method for books. There are five major types of printmaking: woodcut, engraving, relief, intaglio, and stencil printing, each with different carving or etching methods. Famous printmakers through history include Albrecht Dรผrer in the 1500s, Andy Warhol in the 1960s, and Katsushika Hokusai in the 1800s. Linoleum cuts are a type of relief print where the artist carves out lines to create the print from the incised areas.
Brief History of Printmaking
This document lists 12 image credit URLs from various websites providing photographs and information about art history, printmaking techniques, and specific artists. It includes Flickr photo URLs and links to blogs and articles about prehistoric art, Leonardo Da Vinci's landscapes, printmaking history and techniques, and Chinese and Japanese artworks.
Printmaking History
The document summarizes different types of printmaking that have evolved since the 800s, including relief, monoprinting, collagraphy, screenprinting, lithography, and intaglio printmaking. It provides brief descriptions and examples of each type of printmaking process. Key printmaking tools are also listed, such as bench hooks, carving tools, brayers, ink, gelli plates, and linoleum printing plates.
Intro to printmaking
Printmaking is a form of art that involves transferring ink from a matrix, such as linoleum, to paper to create multiple copies of the same artwork. The document discusses the history and types of printmaking, including relief printing which uses linocuts. It provides instructions for creating a linocut print, including sketching a design, transferring it to linoleum, carving away areas to create the design, inking the linoleum, and printing the design onto paper. Creating prints with multiple colors requires cleaning and re-carving the linoleum between applying each color.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
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(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
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๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
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Gr 10 architecture
- 2. Architecture ๏ฎ Compare the following pairs of architectural structures in the T-charts provided on your note. ๏ฎ Consider the following: structure, scale, materials, interior space, decoration (colour), rhythm, distinctive elements (unique pieces) Architectural Comparisons
- 3. Architectural Comparisons ๏ฎ Egyptian Pyramid of Cheops (Giza 2530 B.C.) ๏ฎ Greek Parthenon (447 โ 432 B.C.)
- 4. Architectural Comparisons Egyptian pyramids ๏ฎ Stone, covered in limestone, and capped in gold ๏ฎ Royal tombs ๏ฎ Buried riches, etc. for the afterlife Greek Parthenon ๏ฎ Temple for Athena ๏ฎ Limestone foundations, marble columns ๏ฎ Golden Ratio (a mathematical equation for measuring size) ๏ฎ statue of Athena that was made of gold and ivory ๏ฎ Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns
- 5. Architectural Comparisons ๏ฎ Romanesque St. Sermin, Toulouse, France 1080 โ 1120 A.D. ๏ฎ Gothic Reims Cathedral, France 1210 A.D.
- 6. Architectural Comparisons Romanesque ๏ฎ grand cathedrals ๏ฎ Thick stone walls ๏ฎ Arches ๏ฎ Groin vaults for support ๏ฎ Large towers Gothic ๏ฎ Grand cathedrals ๏ฎ Pointed arch (pointing to God) ๏ฎ Ribbed vault ๏ฎ Flying buttresses for support ๏ฎ Lots of windows to let in light (Divine inspiration)
- 7. Architectural Comparisons ๏ฎ Joseph Paxtonโs Crystal Palace, London, UK 1851 ๏ฎ Walter Gropiusโ Bauhaus, Dresden, Germany 1928
- 8. Architectural Comparisons Crystal Palace Built with cast iron and glass New technology allowed it to use more glass than ever before Didn't need lights Built for the Great Exhibition of 1851, an international event to show off new technologies of the Industrial Revolution. Bauhaus A German school of crafts and fine arts This style influenced Modern architecture in its lack of ornamentation and its harmony between the purpose of the building and the design. Simple design; usefulness was more important than beauty.
- 9. Architectural Comparisons Modernism ๏ฎ Less is more! SIMPLICITY ๏ฎ Focus on function ๏ฎ Lots of glass and metal (born out of the Industrial Revolution) ๏ฎ Very little ornamentation ๏ฎ Smooth faced (donโt even have window ledges) Seagram Building, NYC, 1958
- 10. Architectural Comparisons ๏ฎ F.L.Wrightโs Falling Water, Bear Run, PA 1936
- 11. Architectural Comparisons Postmodernism ๏ฎ Less is a bore! ๏ฎ Return of โwit, ornament, and referenceโ ๏ฎ Diverse styles (anything goes) โ individual expression! ๏ฎ Design for its own sake (not just for function) ๏ฎ New ways of viewing familiar structures Frank Gehry, Concert Hall in L.A. Rem Koolhaas, CCTV Building, China
- 12. Architectural Design ๏ฎ Design your own building for whatever purpose you want. (Keep it appropriate) ๏ฎ Incorporate 2 characteristics from the architectural periods that weโve studied. ๏ฎ Draw your building using 2 - Point Perspective.
- 13. One-Point Perspective ๏ฎ Creates the illusion of deep space. ๏ฎ The illusion is created by using a vanishing point & guidelines. ๏ฎ Either lines are vertical or they connect to your vanishing point.
- 15. Two-Point Perspective ๏ฎ Creates the illusion of deep space that starts at a corner. ๏ฎ The illusion is created by using two vanishing points & guidelines. ๏ฎ Either lines are vertical or they connect to one of your vanishing points. ๏ฎ Demo (lines on the right side ๏ right v.p. lines on the left side ๏ left v.p.)
- 16. Two-Point Perspective: Examples M. C. Escher www.ssheltonimages.com