Gothic architecture evolved from Romanesque styles in the 12th century and some key features include pointed arches, stained glass windows, flying buttresses, gargoyles, pinnacles and Gothic vaults. The pointed arch allowed buildings to reach new heights and widths while flying buttresses provided external support to allow for taller, thinner walls and larger windows. Gothic architecture was used for both religious and civil buildings from the 12th to 16th centuries.
The Kolumba (previously "Diocesan Museum") is an art museum in Cologne, Germany.
The site was originally occupied by the romanesque Church of St. Columba, which was destroyed in World War II and replaced in 1950 by a Gottfried Böhm chapel nicknamed the "Madonna of the Ruins".
The new structure Zumthor built for the museum now shares its site with Gothic church and the 1950s chapel, wrapping a perforated grey brick façade.
Construction of the Kolumba began in 2003 and was completed in 2007.
The 21 1/4 inches long and 19/16 inches high bricks were handmade in the
region, a process which took over two years to complete.
A dome is a hemispherical structure usually forming a ceiling or roof. Dome structures made of various materials have been used throughout history by several different civilizations. In the ancient Near East domes were made as tombs of solid mounds. The Inuit in the Arctic created their igloos from blocks of compacted snow, generally in the form of a dome.
Domes became technically significant with the introduction of the large-scale masonry hemispheres by the ancient Romans. The Sassanid Empire initiated the construction of the first large-scale domes in Persia while they regained popularity in Europe during the Renaissance and Baroque periods resulting in some of the most famous domes in the world.
The Kolumba (previously "Diocesan Museum") is an art museum in Cologne, Germany.
The site was originally occupied by the romanesque Church of St. Columba, which was destroyed in World War II and replaced in 1950 by a Gottfried Böhm chapel nicknamed the "Madonna of the Ruins".
The new structure Zumthor built for the museum now shares its site with Gothic church and the 1950s chapel, wrapping a perforated grey brick façade.
Construction of the Kolumba began in 2003 and was completed in 2007.
The 21 1/4 inches long and 19/16 inches high bricks were handmade in the
region, a process which took over two years to complete.
A dome is a hemispherical structure usually forming a ceiling or roof. Dome structures made of various materials have been used throughout history by several different civilizations. In the ancient Near East domes were made as tombs of solid mounds. The Inuit in the Arctic created their igloos from blocks of compacted snow, generally in the form of a dome.
Domes became technically significant with the introduction of the large-scale masonry hemispheres by the ancient Romans. The Sassanid Empire initiated the construction of the first large-scale domes in Persia while they regained popularity in Europe during the Renaissance and Baroque periods resulting in some of the most famous domes in the world.
Introduction Gothic Architecture Characteristics Features of GOTHIC architecture Major Influences on Gothic Architecture Architecture Character of Gothic Style Difference Between Gothic and Romanesque Architecture Features for Sacredness in Gothic Architecture Types of Gothic Architecture Gothic Architecture-Styles French Gothic Architecture
Gothic Architecture is an architectural style that flourished in Europe.It evolved from the Romanesque Architecture and succeeded by Renaissance Architecture.
Stages of Gothic Architecture
Characteristics
Regional Differences
What is an Arch?
An arch is a structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it.
Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture and their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures.
What are the Types of Arches?
Arches have many forms, but all fall into three basic categories: Circular, pointed, and parabolic.
Arches with a circular form, also referred to as rounded arch, were commonly employed by the builders of ancient history, heavy masonry arches.
Ancient Roman builders relied heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.
Several rounded arches placed in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade, such as the Roman aqueduct.
Pointed arches were most often used by builders of Gothic-style architecture.
The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base.
This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture
Vaults are essentially "adjacent arches [that] are assembled side by side."
If vaults intersect, complex forms are produced with the intersections.
The forms, along with the "strongly expressed ribs at the vault intersections, were dominant architectural features of Gothic cathedrals."
The parabolic arch employs the principle that when weight is uniformly applied to an arch, the internal compression resulting from that weight will follow a parabolic profile.
Of any arch type, the parabolic arch produces the most thrust at the base, but can span the largest areas.
It is commonly used in bridge design, where long spans are needed.
Gothic architecture, architectural style in Europe that lasted from the mid 12th century to the 16th century, particularly a style of masonry building characterized by cavernous spaces with the expanse of walls broken up by overlaid tracery. In the 12th–13th centuries, feats of engineering permitted increasingly gigantic buildings
The rib vault, flying buttress, and pointed (Gothic) arch were used as solutions to the problem of building a very tall structure while preserving as much natural light as possible. Stained-glass window panels rendered startling sun-dappled interior effects.
1. GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE
1 eso D&E CIL winter solstice outing: a walk in the old town
2. We shall follow this route but we’ll start at Sant Pere’s
bastion(18) and finish at 1 (Town Hall)
)
3. On our way, we shall observe some emblematic
Gothic buildings: Sa Llotja, the Cathedral
Gothic art evolved from Romanesque art and lasted
from the mid-12th century to as late as the end of the
16th century in some areas. Some of its most
distinctive features are:
1. Pinnacles
2. Gargoyles
3. Stained glass windows
4. Pointed arches
5. Flying butresses
6. Gothic vaults
4. Elements of the Gothic
Architecture
Stained
Pointed Gothic Gothic Flying
Gargoyles Glass
Pinnacles Arch Vault Buttresses
Windows
5. 1 Pointed Pinnacles
Enables
Add strength
buildings to
and stability to
reach new
the structure
heights
To make it look
light
7. 2 Gargoyles
Gargoyles came into gothic
architecture in the early 13th
The origins of the word
century and are defined as "a
'gargoyle' are derived from the
waterspout, projecting from an
old French word 'gargouille'
upper part of a building to throw
meaning throat.
water clear of walls or
foundations."
Gargoyles are frightening and
intimidating sculptures - perfect
for the likes of great Lords and
Kings who built elaborate
fortresses and castles in order
to crush and intimidate the
indigenous population.
11. 4 Gothic Arch
The walls of Gothic
The Gothic architects
The Medieval Gothic buildings could be
and builders discovered
Arch was a major feature thinner because the
the amazing strength
of the architecture of the weight of the roof was
and stability of using
Middle Ages. supported by the arches
pointed arches.
rather than the walls.
The arch could not only
Thinner walls had wider
support greater weights
window openings which
The use of the Gothic but could also could
encouraged the use of
arch gave the builders span greater
stained glass and the
tremendous flexibility. distances, allowing
magnificent Gothic Rose
vaults to be taller and
Windows.
wider.