This document is Goldman Sachs & Co.'s consolidated statement of financial condition as of November 30, 2007. It lists the firm's total assets of $632.86 billion, including cash and securities of $88.09 billion, and total liabilities of $608.36 billion, including payables to customers of $179.89 billion and financial instruments sold of $75.56 billion. The document also notes that the firm had total partners' capital of $6.25 billion as of November 30, 2007.
This document discusses thin capitalization and arm's length pricing. It begins by explaining capital structuring and the importance of determining an ideal capital structure for a company. It then defines thin capitalization as occurring when a company's capital is made up of a much greater proportion of debt than equity, creating risks. Various countries employ different approaches to thin capitalization rules, including fixed debt-to-equity ratios, subjective analysis of financing terms, and rules concerning hidden profit distributions. The document provides a brief comparative analysis of thin capitalization rules in countries like Australia, Germany, France, the US, India, and Japan.
This document discusses the concept and importance of working capital management. It defines working capital as the capital required for day-to-day operations of a business, including funds used for purchasing raw materials, paying salaries and other expenses. There are two concepts of working capital - quantitative, which refers to total current assets, and qualitative, which refers to current assets minus current liabilities. Proper management of working capital is important to ensure smooth business operations, maximize profits and avoid failure due to lack of funds.
Venture capital fund terms and conditions. Termsheets sample . A fund for SME...Manuel Lacarte
FUND "AAA" INVESTMENTS is a private equity fund established to achieve capital appreciation through investments in European small and medium-sized companies. The fund will be managed by MANAGERS FINCORP and aims to generate higher returns than other assets by investing in companies with growth opportunities. The fund seeks €XX million in commitments from investors and will invest in diversified sectors like healthcare, leisure, and energy. Management fees of 2.5% of committed capital will be charged annually.
This document provides an overview and analysis of Power Financial Corporation's annual report for 2009-10. It begins with an introduction to PFC, describing it as a public financial institution dedicated to power sector financing. It then outlines the company's balance sheet, discussing key line items such as share capital, reserves and surplus, loans, and assets. Several financial ratios are also analyzed. The document provides important high-level information about PFC's financial position and performance according to its annual report.
What is Corporate Debt Restructuring, how can it be done and what are the rules and guidelines for CDR? Read this Research Report from Resurgent India to know everything about Corporate Debt Restructuring.
The document discusses strategic debt restructuring, a method introduced by the Reserve Bank of India to help banks recover loans from distressed listed companies. Under the strategic debt restructuring scheme, a consortium of lenders known as the Joint Lenders Forum can convert outstanding debts into equity shares, allowing them to acquire a majority ownership stake in the company, if the company fails to meet milestones in its restructuring package. The scheme is intended to revive stressed companies and provide an alternative to debt restructuring. Key aspects include eligibility criteria for lenders and companies, the debt conversion process, and requirements for the lenders to divest their stake within 18 months.
This document discusses key concepts related to working capital management, including:
1. Working capital refers to a company's current assets and current liabilities. It represents the funds available to cover day-to-day operations.
2. There are two concepts of working capital - quantitative (total current assets) and qualitative (current assets minus current liabilities).
3. Proper management of working capital is important for business success as it allows companies to take advantage of opportunities and deal with challenges. Both too much and too little working capital can impair profitability.
Fairness Considerations in Going Private TransactionsMercer Capital
A presentation by Jeff K. Davis, CFA, that provides an overview of issues surrounding a decision to take an SEC-registrant private.
Pros and Cons of Going Private
Structuring a Transaction
Valuation Analysis
Fairness Considerations
This document discusses thin capitalization and arm's length pricing. It begins by explaining capital structuring and the importance of determining an ideal capital structure for a company. It then defines thin capitalization as occurring when a company's capital is made up of a much greater proportion of debt than equity, creating risks. Various countries employ different approaches to thin capitalization rules, including fixed debt-to-equity ratios, subjective analysis of financing terms, and rules concerning hidden profit distributions. The document provides a brief comparative analysis of thin capitalization rules in countries like Australia, Germany, France, the US, India, and Japan.
This document discusses the concept and importance of working capital management. It defines working capital as the capital required for day-to-day operations of a business, including funds used for purchasing raw materials, paying salaries and other expenses. There are two concepts of working capital - quantitative, which refers to total current assets, and qualitative, which refers to current assets minus current liabilities. Proper management of working capital is important to ensure smooth business operations, maximize profits and avoid failure due to lack of funds.
Venture capital fund terms and conditions. Termsheets sample . A fund for SME...Manuel Lacarte
FUND "AAA" INVESTMENTS is a private equity fund established to achieve capital appreciation through investments in European small and medium-sized companies. The fund will be managed by MANAGERS FINCORP and aims to generate higher returns than other assets by investing in companies with growth opportunities. The fund seeks €XX million in commitments from investors and will invest in diversified sectors like healthcare, leisure, and energy. Management fees of 2.5% of committed capital will be charged annually.
This document provides an overview and analysis of Power Financial Corporation's annual report for 2009-10. It begins with an introduction to PFC, describing it as a public financial institution dedicated to power sector financing. It then outlines the company's balance sheet, discussing key line items such as share capital, reserves and surplus, loans, and assets. Several financial ratios are also analyzed. The document provides important high-level information about PFC's financial position and performance according to its annual report.
What is Corporate Debt Restructuring, how can it be done and what are the rules and guidelines for CDR? Read this Research Report from Resurgent India to know everything about Corporate Debt Restructuring.
The document discusses strategic debt restructuring, a method introduced by the Reserve Bank of India to help banks recover loans from distressed listed companies. Under the strategic debt restructuring scheme, a consortium of lenders known as the Joint Lenders Forum can convert outstanding debts into equity shares, allowing them to acquire a majority ownership stake in the company, if the company fails to meet milestones in its restructuring package. The scheme is intended to revive stressed companies and provide an alternative to debt restructuring. Key aspects include eligibility criteria for lenders and companies, the debt conversion process, and requirements for the lenders to divest their stake within 18 months.
This document discusses key concepts related to working capital management, including:
1. Working capital refers to a company's current assets and current liabilities. It represents the funds available to cover day-to-day operations.
2. There are two concepts of working capital - quantitative (total current assets) and qualitative (current assets minus current liabilities).
3. Proper management of working capital is important for business success as it allows companies to take advantage of opportunities and deal with challenges. Both too much and too little working capital can impair profitability.
Fairness Considerations in Going Private TransactionsMercer Capital
A presentation by Jeff K. Davis, CFA, that provides an overview of issues surrounding a decision to take an SEC-registrant private.
Pros and Cons of Going Private
Structuring a Transaction
Valuation Analysis
Fairness Considerations
XYZ LTD is restructuring its debt through securitization of assets. It proposes two options: 1) using inter-firm lending to offset money owed between clients and units, and 2) implementing fees to offset funds owed between clients and units. The document then discusses internal debt restructuring through capitalizing debt and classifying lending as working capital or asset leasing. It proposes a simple securitization model using a special purpose vehicle to sell asset-backed securities to investors. This would transfer credit risk to investors while providing XYZ LTD with funds to repay debt.
- The document analyzes investment opportunities in tranches of Freddie Mac Multi Class Certificate Offering 2884.
- Two cash flow models are constructed to value the tranches, with the second utilizing a more sophisticated prepayment model.
- Based on 100 simulations, tranche ST was found to have the lowest standard deviation and risk relative to par value, making it the most suitable investment for the fund.
Working capital management of automobiles industry in haryana [www.writekraft...WriteKraft Dissertations
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Our Mission:
To provide breakthrough research works to our clients through Perseverant efforts towards creativity and innovation”.
Vision:
Writekraft endeavours to be the leading global research and publications company that will fulfil all research needs of our clients. We will achieve this vision through:
Analyzing every customer's aims, objectives and purpose of research
Using advanced and latest tools and technique of research and analysis
Coordinating and including their own ideas and knowledge
Providing the desired inferences and results of the research
In the past decade, we have successfully assisted students from various universities in India and globally. We at Writekraft Research & Publications LLP head office in Kanpur, India are most trusted and professional Research, Writing, Guidance and Publication Service Provider for PhD. Our services meet all your PhD Admissions, Thesis Preparation and Research Paper Publication needs with highest regards for the quality you prefer.
Our Achievements:
NATIONAL AWARD FOR BEST RESEARCH PROJECT (By Hon. President APJ Abdul Kalam)
GOLD MEDAL FOR RESEARCH ON DISABILITY (By Disabled’s Club of India)
NOMINATED FOR BEST MSME AWARDS 2017
5 STAR RATING ON GOOGLE
We have PhD experts from reputed institutions/ organizations like Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and many more apex education institutions in India. Our works are tailored and drafted as per your requirements and are totally unique.
From past years our core advisory members, research team assisted research scholars from various universities from all corners of world.
Subjects/Areas We Cover:
Management, Commerce, Finance, Marketing, Psychology, Education, Sociology, Mass communications, English Literature, English Language, Law, History, Computer Science & Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Pharmacy & Healthcare.
Fairness Considerations in Going Private TransactionsJeff Davis
While there once may have been a good reason to be a public company (or not), that may no longer be the case: hence, consideration of a go-private transaction may be warranted. This short presentation is intended to provide an overview of some issues surrounding a decision to take an SEC-registrant private. This presentation does not cover all issues with going private transactions; nor should it be construed to convey legal, accounting or tax-related advice. Companies considering such a move should hire appropriate legal and financial advisors.
This document discusses key terms in negotiating a Series A term sheet. It covers control terms such as board composition, investor protective provisions, information rights, vesting of founders' equity, rights of first refusal and co-sale, and drag-along rights. It also discusses economic terms that will be covered in the next part, including valuation, dividends, liquidation preference, anti-dilution, and registration rights. The document provides explanations of common approaches to these various terms and highlights important issues to consider in negotiating them.
This document summarizes key terms that may be included in a term sheet for a Series A financing round. It discusses standard provisions around dividends, liquidation preferences, voting rights, conversion rights, and other topics. The goal is to help entrepreneurs better understand common investment terms so they can evaluate term sheets themselves. While term sheets are non-binding, they outline the expected terms that will be included in final legal financing documents. Having knowledge of standard provisions allows entrepreneurs to negotiate more effectively to obtain favorable terms.
The document discusses restructuring the debts of Dhandapani Finance Limited (DFL), a non-banking financial company in India. DFL's financial position deteriorated due to external factors like the global recession affecting its business. Its debts were proposed for restructuring under the Corporate Debt Restructuring mechanism. The restructuring considered DFL's future outlook and viability. A cash flow statement projected repayment over five years at 15% interest, with assumptions about new customers, loan sizes, defaults, non-performing assets and provisions. The restructuring aimed to minimize losses for creditors and support DFL's continuing operations.
CDR is a method used by companies with outstanding debt obligations to reorganize the terms of debt agreements in order to achieve advantages like waiving interest, concessions in payments, and converting debt to equity. It allows a business to gain control of its finances and improve its credit rating with help from creditors. However, it can also place holds on new credit and negatively impact a company's public image. The CDR process in India involves a standing forum, empowered group, and CDR cell that work to restructure eligible corporate debts.
Working capital management involves managing a company's current assets and current liabilities. It aims to balance financial stability and profitability. Key aspects of working capital management include:
1) Managing inventory levels through techniques like economic order quantity to reduce holding and shortage costs.
2) Managing trade receivables through practices like credit analysis, credit controls, and debt collection to increase sales while controlling risks of bad debts.
3) Matching the cash operating cycle of converting assets into cash with funding sources like trade payables or short/long-term borrowing to minimize liquidity risks.
4) Preparing cash flow forecasts to identify cash surpluses or deficits and arrange appropriate funding. The objective is to
Emerging Trends in Corporate Finance - Corporate Debt Restructuring and Rece...Resurgent India
Under a corporate debt restructuring plan, the lenders give the company, the benefit of reduced interest rates and a moratorium period for repayment, and in some cases, lender even sacrifice a part of the principal amount.
The important functions of a financial manager include:
1. Providing capital for business operations through programs and maintaining relationships with investors.
2. Managing short-term financing from banks and collections from customers.
3. Planning and controlling business operations through reporting and evaluating performance.
Debentures are debt instruments issued by companies as evidence of debt. Common types include secured/unsecured, convertible/non-convertible, and redeemable/perpetual debentures. Preference shares are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both debt and equity.
The balance sheet shows a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity on a particular date. Ratio analysis evaluates the financial health and performance of
"Legal issues for start ups business"
A Webinar conducted by
Salman Waris, Head - Technology, Media and Telecom Practice at HSA Advocates
When starting up a business, there are some important legal matters that you’ll have to deal with, no matter how much you’d love to just dive in and get started. However, if you neglect these legal steps, you’re going to find that maintaining the business down the road becomes much more difficult, and in some cases, impossible. It’s in your best interest to take these legal aspects seriously and get them sorted out as soon as possible when starting a business.
This session will cover 4 Key Legal Topics :
1. Address Legal Restrictions/Requirements
2. Select Entity Type
3. Protect Intellectual Capital
4. Develop Basic Legal Documents
3174 fm lecture 6 - working capital managementisaacsuiyu
Working capital refers to a company's short-term assets and liabilities related to day-to-day operations. It includes current assets like inventory, receivables, and cash, as well as current liabilities like payables. Managing working capital involves setting policies for maintaining optimal levels of current assets and financing them appropriately through short-term debt or long-term sources. The objective is to ensure sufficient liquidity while maximizing returns through efficient management of components like inventory, receivables, and payables.
The document provides an introduction to finance and working capital management. It discusses how working capital is the lifeblood of any organization and is needed to ensure funds are raised and utilized effectively. It then defines key accounting terms like profit and loss statement, balance sheet, and financial statements. It outlines the objectives of the study as examining the liquidity, working capital position, and short-term financial health of Kotak Mahindra Bank. Finally, it discusses some limitations of the study and identifies primary and secondary sources of data.
The Corporate Debt Restructuring (CDR) mechanism in India has a three-tier structure to help restructure corporate debt for viable companies facing financial problems. The CDR Standing Forum and its Core Group lay down policies, while the CDR Empowered Group, consisting of executives from participating financial institutions, considers restructuring proposals from the CDR Cell. If a proposal is deemed feasible, the CDR Cell then works with lenders to develop a detailed restructuring plan within set timeframes for approval by the Empowered Group. The goal of CDR is to provide a timely, transparent process to restructure debt outside of legal proceedings for the benefit of all parties involved.
Boekspots is een project voor bibliotheken waarbij gebruikers in staat worden gesteld om boeken met elkaar uit te wisselen volgens het principe van crowdsourcing. Gebruikers brengen zelf boeken in en kunnen zelf een Boekspot starten.
De uitwisseling van boeken vindt plaats door middel van boekenkasten. Deze zijn herkenbaar door opvallende stickers met hierop het merk, de spelregels (op de kast- & boekstickers) en verwijzing naar de website. Ook voor de herkenbaarheid van de locaties komen stickers. Boekspots fungeren daarmee als vooruitgeschoven post van de bibliotheken.
Een Boekspot kan in principe overal geplaatst worden waar een groep regelmatig terugkerende bezoekers komt, met een bestaande sociale structuur of gemeenschappelijke deler.
In de opzet van dit project kiezen we voor de volgende locaties en de hieraan verbonden doelgroepen, met name omdat er reeds sprake is van een sociale structuur of gemeenschappelijke deler:
• Bibliotheken (gemeenschappelijke deler ‘lezen’)
• Scholen (sociale structuur van kinderen en ouders)
• Bedrijven (sociale structuur van collega’s en gemeenschappelijke deler van ‘werkgebied’)
• Verzorgingshuis (sociale structuur van bewoners en familie)
AIG First Quarter 2008 Economic Capital Modeling Initiative - May 2008 Updatefinance2
AIG has developed an economic capital model to assess capital requirements across its businesses. Economic capital represents the amount of capital needed to cover unexpected losses within a 99.95% confidence level over one year. AIG's model accounts for diversification benefits and estimates excess economic capital by comparing required economic capital to available economic capital calculated using a market-consistent valuation approach. As of March 31, 2008, AIG's estimated excess economic capital was in the range of $2.5 to $7.5 billion, down from $14.5 to $19.5 billion at the end of 2007 due primarily to investment losses. AIG is using its economic capital model to help manage capital allocation, risk management, and other business decisions
home depot Bank of America 38th Annual Investment Conferencefinance2
Carol Tomé and Mark Holifield presented at the Bank of America 38th Annual Investment Conference. The presentation discussed (1) Home Depot's progress on five priorities including implementing store standards and supply chain improvements, (2) the evolution of Home Depot's capital efficiency strategy through investing in priorities and rationalizing non-core assets, and (3) expected benefits from supply chain improvements including gross margin expansion and $1.5 billion additional cash from reducing inventory turns.
valero energy Quarterly and Other SEC Reports 2008 2ndfinance2
This document is Valero Energy Corporation's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2008. It includes Valero's consolidated balance sheets, statements of income, cash flows, and comprehensive income for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. In the balance sheet, total assets were $43.7 billion as of June 30, 2008, with total liabilities of $25.0 billion and total stockholders' equity of $18.7 billion. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, Valero had net income of $995 million on revenues of $64.6 billion.
This document is Berkshire Hathaway's quarterly report filed with the SEC for the quarter ending September 30, 2007. It includes Berkshire's consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 as well as consolidated statements of earnings for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007 and 2006. Berkshire's businesses are organized into Insurance and Other, Utilities and Energy, and Finance and Financial Products segments. Revenues increased from the prior year periods driven by gains across most business segments. Net earnings for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007 increased significantly compared to the prior year periods.
- Crime rates have been dropping and the economy is booming, yet fear of crime remains a major concern that is exploited for political purposes. Politicians push tough-on-crime policies to appeal to voters' fears despite declining crime.
- Budget cuts to social programs have reduced the safety net for the poor and increased homelessness, pushing some youth into crime out of necessity. At the same time, political efforts criminalize poverty and homelessness.
- Crime is sensationalized by media and politicians to foster demand for harsher laws and policies, even when existing laws could address problems. This "moral panic" is used to pass legislation that primarily serves political rather than practical goals.
Proxy Statement for July 2006 Annual Meeting finance2
The 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of McKesson Corporation will be held on July 26, 2006 to elect four directors, ratify the appointment of the independent accounting firm Deloitte & Touche LLP, act on any stockholder proposals, and conduct any other business properly brought before the meeting. Stockholders as of May 31, 2006 are entitled to vote. The document provides details on corporate governance policies and procedures.
XYZ LTD is restructuring its debt through securitization of assets. It proposes two options: 1) using inter-firm lending to offset money owed between clients and units, and 2) implementing fees to offset funds owed between clients and units. The document then discusses internal debt restructuring through capitalizing debt and classifying lending as working capital or asset leasing. It proposes a simple securitization model using a special purpose vehicle to sell asset-backed securities to investors. This would transfer credit risk to investors while providing XYZ LTD with funds to repay debt.
- The document analyzes investment opportunities in tranches of Freddie Mac Multi Class Certificate Offering 2884.
- Two cash flow models are constructed to value the tranches, with the second utilizing a more sophisticated prepayment model.
- Based on 100 simulations, tranche ST was found to have the lowest standard deviation and risk relative to par value, making it the most suitable investment for the fund.
Working capital management of automobiles industry in haryana [www.writekraft...WriteKraft Dissertations
Writekraft Research and Publications LLP was initially formed, informally, in 2006 by a group of scholars to help fellow students. Gradually, with several dissertations, thesis and assignments receiving acclaim and a good grade, Writekraft was officially founded in 2011 Since its establishment, Writekraft Research & Publications LLP is Guiding and Mentoring PhD Scholars.
Our Mission:
To provide breakthrough research works to our clients through Perseverant efforts towards creativity and innovation”.
Vision:
Writekraft endeavours to be the leading global research and publications company that will fulfil all research needs of our clients. We will achieve this vision through:
Analyzing every customer's aims, objectives and purpose of research
Using advanced and latest tools and technique of research and analysis
Coordinating and including their own ideas and knowledge
Providing the desired inferences and results of the research
In the past decade, we have successfully assisted students from various universities in India and globally. We at Writekraft Research & Publications LLP head office in Kanpur, India are most trusted and professional Research, Writing, Guidance and Publication Service Provider for PhD. Our services meet all your PhD Admissions, Thesis Preparation and Research Paper Publication needs with highest regards for the quality you prefer.
Our Achievements:
NATIONAL AWARD FOR BEST RESEARCH PROJECT (By Hon. President APJ Abdul Kalam)
GOLD MEDAL FOR RESEARCH ON DISABILITY (By Disabled’s Club of India)
NOMINATED FOR BEST MSME AWARDS 2017
5 STAR RATING ON GOOGLE
We have PhD experts from reputed institutions/ organizations like Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and many more apex education institutions in India. Our works are tailored and drafted as per your requirements and are totally unique.
From past years our core advisory members, research team assisted research scholars from various universities from all corners of world.
Subjects/Areas We Cover:
Management, Commerce, Finance, Marketing, Psychology, Education, Sociology, Mass communications, English Literature, English Language, Law, History, Computer Science & Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Pharmacy & Healthcare.
Fairness Considerations in Going Private TransactionsJeff Davis
While there once may have been a good reason to be a public company (or not), that may no longer be the case: hence, consideration of a go-private transaction may be warranted. This short presentation is intended to provide an overview of some issues surrounding a decision to take an SEC-registrant private. This presentation does not cover all issues with going private transactions; nor should it be construed to convey legal, accounting or tax-related advice. Companies considering such a move should hire appropriate legal and financial advisors.
This document discusses key terms in negotiating a Series A term sheet. It covers control terms such as board composition, investor protective provisions, information rights, vesting of founders' equity, rights of first refusal and co-sale, and drag-along rights. It also discusses economic terms that will be covered in the next part, including valuation, dividends, liquidation preference, anti-dilution, and registration rights. The document provides explanations of common approaches to these various terms and highlights important issues to consider in negotiating them.
This document summarizes key terms that may be included in a term sheet for a Series A financing round. It discusses standard provisions around dividends, liquidation preferences, voting rights, conversion rights, and other topics. The goal is to help entrepreneurs better understand common investment terms so they can evaluate term sheets themselves. While term sheets are non-binding, they outline the expected terms that will be included in final legal financing documents. Having knowledge of standard provisions allows entrepreneurs to negotiate more effectively to obtain favorable terms.
The document discusses restructuring the debts of Dhandapani Finance Limited (DFL), a non-banking financial company in India. DFL's financial position deteriorated due to external factors like the global recession affecting its business. Its debts were proposed for restructuring under the Corporate Debt Restructuring mechanism. The restructuring considered DFL's future outlook and viability. A cash flow statement projected repayment over five years at 15% interest, with assumptions about new customers, loan sizes, defaults, non-performing assets and provisions. The restructuring aimed to minimize losses for creditors and support DFL's continuing operations.
CDR is a method used by companies with outstanding debt obligations to reorganize the terms of debt agreements in order to achieve advantages like waiving interest, concessions in payments, and converting debt to equity. It allows a business to gain control of its finances and improve its credit rating with help from creditors. However, it can also place holds on new credit and negatively impact a company's public image. The CDR process in India involves a standing forum, empowered group, and CDR cell that work to restructure eligible corporate debts.
Working capital management involves managing a company's current assets and current liabilities. It aims to balance financial stability and profitability. Key aspects of working capital management include:
1) Managing inventory levels through techniques like economic order quantity to reduce holding and shortage costs.
2) Managing trade receivables through practices like credit analysis, credit controls, and debt collection to increase sales while controlling risks of bad debts.
3) Matching the cash operating cycle of converting assets into cash with funding sources like trade payables or short/long-term borrowing to minimize liquidity risks.
4) Preparing cash flow forecasts to identify cash surpluses or deficits and arrange appropriate funding. The objective is to
Emerging Trends in Corporate Finance - Corporate Debt Restructuring and Rece...Resurgent India
Under a corporate debt restructuring plan, the lenders give the company, the benefit of reduced interest rates and a moratorium period for repayment, and in some cases, lender even sacrifice a part of the principal amount.
The important functions of a financial manager include:
1. Providing capital for business operations through programs and maintaining relationships with investors.
2. Managing short-term financing from banks and collections from customers.
3. Planning and controlling business operations through reporting and evaluating performance.
Debentures are debt instruments issued by companies as evidence of debt. Common types include secured/unsecured, convertible/non-convertible, and redeemable/perpetual debentures. Preference shares are hybrid instruments with characteristics of both debt and equity.
The balance sheet shows a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity on a particular date. Ratio analysis evaluates the financial health and performance of
"Legal issues for start ups business"
A Webinar conducted by
Salman Waris, Head - Technology, Media and Telecom Practice at HSA Advocates
When starting up a business, there are some important legal matters that you’ll have to deal with, no matter how much you’d love to just dive in and get started. However, if you neglect these legal steps, you’re going to find that maintaining the business down the road becomes much more difficult, and in some cases, impossible. It’s in your best interest to take these legal aspects seriously and get them sorted out as soon as possible when starting a business.
This session will cover 4 Key Legal Topics :
1. Address Legal Restrictions/Requirements
2. Select Entity Type
3. Protect Intellectual Capital
4. Develop Basic Legal Documents
3174 fm lecture 6 - working capital managementisaacsuiyu
Working capital refers to a company's short-term assets and liabilities related to day-to-day operations. It includes current assets like inventory, receivables, and cash, as well as current liabilities like payables. Managing working capital involves setting policies for maintaining optimal levels of current assets and financing them appropriately through short-term debt or long-term sources. The objective is to ensure sufficient liquidity while maximizing returns through efficient management of components like inventory, receivables, and payables.
The document provides an introduction to finance and working capital management. It discusses how working capital is the lifeblood of any organization and is needed to ensure funds are raised and utilized effectively. It then defines key accounting terms like profit and loss statement, balance sheet, and financial statements. It outlines the objectives of the study as examining the liquidity, working capital position, and short-term financial health of Kotak Mahindra Bank. Finally, it discusses some limitations of the study and identifies primary and secondary sources of data.
The Corporate Debt Restructuring (CDR) mechanism in India has a three-tier structure to help restructure corporate debt for viable companies facing financial problems. The CDR Standing Forum and its Core Group lay down policies, while the CDR Empowered Group, consisting of executives from participating financial institutions, considers restructuring proposals from the CDR Cell. If a proposal is deemed feasible, the CDR Cell then works with lenders to develop a detailed restructuring plan within set timeframes for approval by the Empowered Group. The goal of CDR is to provide a timely, transparent process to restructure debt outside of legal proceedings for the benefit of all parties involved.
Boekspots is een project voor bibliotheken waarbij gebruikers in staat worden gesteld om boeken met elkaar uit te wisselen volgens het principe van crowdsourcing. Gebruikers brengen zelf boeken in en kunnen zelf een Boekspot starten.
De uitwisseling van boeken vindt plaats door middel van boekenkasten. Deze zijn herkenbaar door opvallende stickers met hierop het merk, de spelregels (op de kast- & boekstickers) en verwijzing naar de website. Ook voor de herkenbaarheid van de locaties komen stickers. Boekspots fungeren daarmee als vooruitgeschoven post van de bibliotheken.
Een Boekspot kan in principe overal geplaatst worden waar een groep regelmatig terugkerende bezoekers komt, met een bestaande sociale structuur of gemeenschappelijke deler.
In de opzet van dit project kiezen we voor de volgende locaties en de hieraan verbonden doelgroepen, met name omdat er reeds sprake is van een sociale structuur of gemeenschappelijke deler:
• Bibliotheken (gemeenschappelijke deler ‘lezen’)
• Scholen (sociale structuur van kinderen en ouders)
• Bedrijven (sociale structuur van collega’s en gemeenschappelijke deler van ‘werkgebied’)
• Verzorgingshuis (sociale structuur van bewoners en familie)
AIG First Quarter 2008 Economic Capital Modeling Initiative - May 2008 Updatefinance2
AIG has developed an economic capital model to assess capital requirements across its businesses. Economic capital represents the amount of capital needed to cover unexpected losses within a 99.95% confidence level over one year. AIG's model accounts for diversification benefits and estimates excess economic capital by comparing required economic capital to available economic capital calculated using a market-consistent valuation approach. As of March 31, 2008, AIG's estimated excess economic capital was in the range of $2.5 to $7.5 billion, down from $14.5 to $19.5 billion at the end of 2007 due primarily to investment losses. AIG is using its economic capital model to help manage capital allocation, risk management, and other business decisions
home depot Bank of America 38th Annual Investment Conferencefinance2
Carol Tomé and Mark Holifield presented at the Bank of America 38th Annual Investment Conference. The presentation discussed (1) Home Depot's progress on five priorities including implementing store standards and supply chain improvements, (2) the evolution of Home Depot's capital efficiency strategy through investing in priorities and rationalizing non-core assets, and (3) expected benefits from supply chain improvements including gross margin expansion and $1.5 billion additional cash from reducing inventory turns.
valero energy Quarterly and Other SEC Reports 2008 2ndfinance2
This document is Valero Energy Corporation's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2008. It includes Valero's consolidated balance sheets, statements of income, cash flows, and comprehensive income for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. In the balance sheet, total assets were $43.7 billion as of June 30, 2008, with total liabilities of $25.0 billion and total stockholders' equity of $18.7 billion. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, Valero had net income of $995 million on revenues of $64.6 billion.
This document is Berkshire Hathaway's quarterly report filed with the SEC for the quarter ending September 30, 2007. It includes Berkshire's consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 as well as consolidated statements of earnings for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007 and 2006. Berkshire's businesses are organized into Insurance and Other, Utilities and Energy, and Finance and Financial Products segments. Revenues increased from the prior year periods driven by gains across most business segments. Net earnings for the third quarter and first nine months of 2007 increased significantly compared to the prior year periods.
- Crime rates have been dropping and the economy is booming, yet fear of crime remains a major concern that is exploited for political purposes. Politicians push tough-on-crime policies to appeal to voters' fears despite declining crime.
- Budget cuts to social programs have reduced the safety net for the poor and increased homelessness, pushing some youth into crime out of necessity. At the same time, political efforts criminalize poverty and homelessness.
- Crime is sensationalized by media and politicians to foster demand for harsher laws and policies, even when existing laws could address problems. This "moral panic" is used to pass legislation that primarily serves political rather than practical goals.
Proxy Statement for July 2006 Annual Meeting finance2
The 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of McKesson Corporation will be held on July 26, 2006 to elect four directors, ratify the appointment of the independent accounting firm Deloitte & Touche LLP, act on any stockholder proposals, and conduct any other business properly brought before the meeting. Stockholders as of May 31, 2006 are entitled to vote. The document provides details on corporate governance policies and procedures.
- McKesson Corporation reported strong financial performance for fiscal year 2005, with revenue growth of 16% to $80.5 billion, driven by new contracts with the VA and Caremark. Excluding litigation costs, earnings were $2.19 per share.
- The company transitioned agreements with pharmaceutical manufacturers to deliver more predictable compensation and address issues when drug price increases fell below expectations.
- All business segments grew, with the exception of Medical-Surgical Solutions which was impacted by lack of flu vaccine and litigation costs. Pharmaceutical Solutions and Provider Technologies performed well.
- Morgan Stanley Dean Witter reported net income of $1.075 billion for Q1 2001, down 30% from $1.544 billion in Q1 2000. Diluted earnings per share were $0.94, down 30% from $1.34 in Q1 2000.
- Revenues decreased 14% to $6.385 billion due to difficult markets negatively impacting several businesses, though fixed income and equity trading performed well.
- Return on equity was 23% and the company remains focused on reducing expenses while maintaining client services in challenging market conditions.
De "pop-up" bbibliotheek is een bibliotheek die altijd en overal kan worden geplaastst, echter zonder vast verblijfsplaats. Het is een concept waarbij de aanwezigheid van de bibliotheek wordt vergroot, zonder meer vestigingen en vierkante meters te beheren. Het richt vooral op events.
Morgan Stanley reported a 17% decline in third quarter net income to $611 million. Revenues decreased across most business segments due to difficult market conditions. The annualized return on equity was 11.4%. While markets remained challenging, the company maintained its focus on serving clients and preserving its franchise for future growth.
cardinal health Q4 2007 Earnings Transcriptfinance2
This transcript summarizes Cardinal Health's Q4 2007 earnings conference call. The key points are:
1) Cardinal Health reported Q4 revenue of $22.3 billion, up 5% from the prior year, and operating earnings of $538 million, up 3%.
2) The Clinical and Medical Products sector emerged as a significant growth driver, with Q4 revenue up 15% and profits up 42%.
3) Healthcare Supply Chain Services delivered strong results for the year despite challenges in medical supply. Supply Chain Pharma had a strong year with revenue up 9% and profits up 14%.
4) Overall, fiscal 2007 was a good year for Cardinal Health with non-GAAP EPS growth of 20
Cardinal Health Updates FY09 Outlook Transcriptfinance2
- Cardinal Health is revising its fiscal year 2009 guidance from $3.50-$3.60 per share to $3.50 due to a slowing in hospital capital spending as a result of tightening credit markets.
- The slowing is primarily impacting capital equipment orders in Clinical and Medical Products (CMP), especially infusion equipment which is expected to be down 20-25% in committed contracts.
- However, customers are only delaying purchases and not changing vendors, and the underlying demand is still there. Admissions and procedure-based businesses are still stable.
- CMP has taken steps to reduce costs such as manufacturing and infrastructure cuts to mitigate the impact and still expects segment profit to be flat or
This document summarizes Jeff Campbell's presentation at the Baird 2005 Growth Stock Conference on May 11, 2005. Campbell discusses McKesson's business segments, including strong financial results and growth in pharmaceutical and medical-surgical solutions. Provider Technologies has experienced challenges but investments in innovation are paying off. For fiscal year 2006, McKesson expects revenue growth and operating cash flow over $1 billion, excluding the impact of settling a securities class action lawsuit.
Morgan Stanley Dean Witter announced its third quarter 2000 financial results. Net income increased 28% to $1.246 billion compared to the third quarter of 1999. Earnings per share were up 31% to $1.09. Net revenues grew 18% to $6.294 billion. All business segments saw increases in net income compared to the prior year quarter, with particularly strong growth in Asset Management (+62%) and Credit Services (+10%). For the first nine months of the year, net income increased 35% and earnings per share grew 38% compared to the same period in 1999.
cardinal health Conference Call Presentationfinance2
This document contains the key details from Cardinal Health's Q1 FY2009 investor call on October 29, 2008. It discusses Cardinal's financial results for Q1, including revenue of $24.3 billion (up 11% year-over-year) and operating earnings of $426 million (down 13% year-over-year). It also provides updates on Cardinal's Healthcare Supply Chain Services and Clinical and Medical Products segments. The document outlines Cardinal's financial goals for FY2009 and assumptions, and addresses questions from analysts on the call.
This document discusses Indian Accounting Standard 3 on cash flow statements. It defines key terms like cash, cash equivalents, operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. It explains the direct and indirect methods of preparing cash flow statements and requirements around classification of cash flows from various transactions like tax, foreign exchange, dividends and interest. The standard aims to provide useful information on changes in cash balances to investors and other stakeholders.
Financial statements are written records that convey the business activities and the financial performance of a company.
Financial statements are often audited by government agencies, accountants, firms, etc. to ensure accuracy and for tax, financing, or investing purposes.
This document is the unaudited semi-annual report of Goldman Sachs Bank USA and subsidiaries for the period ended June 30, 2016. It includes condensed consolidated financial statements such as statements of earnings, financial condition, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for the relevant periods. Notes to the financial statements provide additional information on topics such as the bank's business, basis of presentation of financial statements, significant accounting policies, financial instruments, loans, deposits and other liabilities.
This document is the unaudited semi-annual report of Goldman Sachs Bank USA and its subsidiaries for the period ended June 30, 2016. It includes condensed consolidated financial statements such as statements of earnings, financial condition, changes in shareholder's equity, and cash flows for the relevant periods. Notes to the financial statements provide details on the bank's business, basis of presentation of financial statements, significant accounting policies, financial instruments, loans, deposits and other liabilities.
IAS 7 requires entities to prepare a statement of cash flows that classifies cash flows during the period into operating, investing, and financing activities. It aims to provide information about historical changes in cash and cash equivalents of an entity. Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits, while cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to insignificant risk of changes in value. The statement of cash flows excludes cash flows between items that constitute cash and cash equivalents. It can be prepared using either the direct or indirect method.
This document discusses accounting standards and cash flow statements. It provides definitions for key terms like cash flows, operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. It explains that accounting standards specify how transactions are recognized, measured and presented in financial statements. Cash flow statements classify cash flows into operating, investing and financing activities and can be prepared using the direct or indirect method. The document also discusses the applicability of cash flow statements for different types of companies and accounting standards.
morgan stanley Morgan Stanley and Co. Incorporatedfinance2
Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated provided its consolidated statement of financial condition as of May 31, 2008. The statement showed total assets of $579.5 billion, including cash and securities, financial instruments owned and collateralized agreements, and total liabilities and stockholder's equity of $579.5 billion. Morgan Stanley & Co. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and provides various financial services including securities underwriting, financial advisory services, sales and trading of securities, and brokerage and investment services. The notes to the financial statement provide additional details on related party transactions, accounting policies, and fair value measurement.
The document provides an overview of financial statements, including balance sheets, cash flow statements, and notes. It explains that a balance sheet summarizes a company's financial position at a point in time by listing assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity. It also describes the major components of each type of financial statement and provides sample notes to the financial statements that give additional context and details. The cash flow statement tracks cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities over a period of time. Understanding these statements is important for assessing a company's financial strength and cash flows.
The document discusses various aspects of financial management and control for corporations, including:
1. Corporate planning defines strategies and staff responsibilities to meet business goals through strategic planning.
2. Inventory management oversees ordering, storage, and use of components and finished products to control costs and prevent shortages or excess inventory.
3. Capitalization of profits converts retained earnings to capital by issuing stock dividends to existing shareholders.
4. Ownership securities like shares acknowledge ownership and entitle shareholders to dividends and voting rights.
The document provides an overview of key financial statements including the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and statement of retained earnings. It discusses the purpose and components of each statement. The income statement shows revenues, expenses and profits over a period of time. The balance sheet provides a snapshot of assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity on a specific date. The cash flow statement reports cash inflows and outflows. The statement of retained earnings shows how much earnings were retained versus paid out as dividends.
Special Purpose Vehicals Securitizationfinancedude
Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) are legal entities created for specific purposes in structuring securitization transactions. SPEs are critical components of the $5.2 trillion U.S. securitization market, which provides liquidity to financial institutions and consumers through products like mortgages and credit cards. SPEs hold pools of financial assets, issue securities to investors, and protect investors from bankruptcy risk of the financial institution that established the SPE. Accounting standards require disclosure of risks and obligations associated with SPE transactions, even if the SPE is not consolidated on the financial institution's balance sheet.
This document provides an overview of IAS 7 requirements for cash flow statements. It defines key terms like cash and cash equivalents and outlines the classification of cash flows into operating, investing and financing activities. It also covers the direct and indirect methods for preparing the statement of cash flows and disclosure requirements.
The document discusses capital structure, which refers to the proportion of debt, preferred stock, and common equity used to finance a company's assets. Capital structure includes long-term debt and stockholder equity. Capitalization refers to the total amount of securities issued, while capital structure refers to the types and proportions of securities. Financial structure includes all financial resources, both short- and long-term. An optimal capital structure maximizes share price and minimizes cost of capital. Factors that determine a company's capital structure include financial leverage, growth and stability of sales, cost of capital, cash flow ability, nature and size of the firm, control, flexibility, requirements of investors, and capital market conditions.
The document discusses various aspects of financial appraisal for a project, including rate of return, debt-equity ratio, promoters' contribution, project cost estimation, working capital requirement, sources of funds, composition of funds, preparation of projected financial statements like the balance sheet, types of assets and liabilities, and reserves and surplus.
morgan stanley November 2007 Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporatedfinance2
This document is a consolidated statement of financial condition for Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated as of November 30, 2007. It includes an independent auditors' report stating that the financial statement presents fairly the financial position of Morgan Stanley & Co. and its subsidiaries. The statement lists the company's total assets at $604 billion and total liabilities and stockholders' equity at $604 billion. It provides notes on the company, its basis of presentation, related party transactions, accounting policies, and financial instruments.
The document discusses cash flow statements, including their meaning, objectives, importance and limitations. It explains that a cash flow statement shows inflows and outflows of cash from operating, investing and financing activities during a period. Operating activities relate to main revenue generation, investing activities relate to purchase/sale of long-term assets, and financing activities relate to changes in capital/borrowings. The document also provides examples and classifications of various cash inflows and outflows under each activity.
Securitization is the process of combining various financial assets, such as mortgages, car loans, and credit card debt, into securities that are sold to investors. This is done through a special purpose vehicle (SPV) that purchases the assets from their originator and repackages them into new securities backed by those assets. Mortgage-backed securities are a common example, where mortgages are pooled, divided into tiers of risk, and sold as securities. SPVs play an important role by isolating risk, allowing assets to be securitized without affecting the originator, and providing bankruptcy protection for investors.
The document discusses various sources of funds for businesses, including internal and external sources. Internal sources include retained earnings, depreciation, and sale of assets. External long-term sources include share capital and loan capital (such as debentures, mortgage loans, and government assistance). External short-term sources include bank overdrafts, loans, leasing, credit cards, and trade credit. Specialized financial institutions that provide funding to businesses in India are also outlined, such as IFCI, SFCs, ICICI, IDBI, and SIDCs.
Similar to goldman sachs Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition (20)
The Home Depot Celebrates Hispanic Culture Through Color and Paint With Color...finance2
The Home Depot launched a new Hispanic-inspired paint color palette called Colores Origenes, featuring over 70 vibrant colors with Spanish names to reflect Latin American culture. Research showed painting is very popular among Hispanics, 59% of whom speak Spanish at home. The new paint line and increased Spanish signage and materials aim to better serve the growing Hispanic community. It was created with Behr Paint and will be sold exclusively at select Home Depot stores.
The Home Depot and AARP Launch Nationwide Workshopsfinance2
The Home Depot and AARP launched nationwide home improvement workshops customized for those aged 50 and over. The workshops will cover topics like home modifications for comfort and safety, saving money on energy bills, and basic maintenance. The workshops are part of an alliance between the two organizations to provide resources for aging homeowners as around 86 million Americans are currently over 50, comprising over 40% of the population.
Nearly Half of Americans Fail to Check Home Safety Devices at Daylight-Saving...finance2
A survey found that 47% of Americans did not check their home safety devices when changing their clocks for daylight saving time last year. Nearly three-quarters did not know when daylight saving time ends this year on October 30th. The Home Depot recommends using the end of daylight saving time as a reminder to check smoke detectors and carbon monoxide detectors by changing their batteries.
View Summary The Home Depot Celebrates the Olympic Spirit With Special Kids...finance2
The Home Depot announced a special Olympic-themed Kids Workshop to be held on November 5, 2005 at its stores nationwide. Children will build a wooden bobsled toy to celebrate the 2006 Winter Olympics. Selected stores will host Olympic athletes to help children and promote the Olympics. The Home Depot aims to teach kids DIY skills through these monthly workshops and has hosted over 13 million children since 1997.
The Home Depot Announces First Quarter Resultsfinance2
The Home Depot reported first quarter earnings of $356 million, down from $1 billion in the same period last year. This included a $543 million non-recurring charge for closing underperforming stores. Excluding this charge, earnings were $697 million. Sales decreased 3.4% to $17.9 billion due to a 6.5% drop in comparable store sales. The company's CEO acknowledged difficult market conditions and said the company would focus on investing in existing stores.
1) The document discusses Home Depot's merchandising strategy, which focuses on national brands, exclusive proprietary brands, and serving core customers through product knowledge transfer.
2) Home Depot aims to aggressively attack the market through its brand strategies, which leverage national brands, exclusive brands, and proprietary brands to differentiate, build preference, and offer selection.
3) Home Depot is transforming its merchandising approach through investments in talent, focused processes like seasonal planning and presentation, and new systems that provide merchants better data and tools.
home depot 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholdersfinance2
This document summarizes The Home Depot's 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. It provides an overview of the company's financial performance in 2007, including a 2% decrease in sales and an 11% decrease in net earnings per share. It also outlines the company's five priorities for 2007 which were investing in associate engagement, shopping environment, product availability, product excitement, and owning the professional customer. The outlook anticipates 2008 will be another difficult year with guidance for a 4-5% sales decrease and a 19-24% decrease in earnings per share. The company will continue investing in its key priorities and allocating capital efficiently.
The document is a transcript from The Home Depot's 2008 Investor Day conference. Frank Blake, the company's CEO, provides an overview of the company's strategic focus on improving the core retail business, exercising disciplined capital allocation, increasing returns on existing assets, and building sustained competitive advantages. He highlights progress made on priorities like associate engagement and product availability. While housing market conditions remain difficult, Blake emphasizes the company's long term strategy and goals, such as becoming a best in class merchandiser.
This document provides a financial overview and discussion of Home Depot's performance in Q1 2008 and outlook for 2008. Some key points:
- Q1 2008 sales were down 3.4% and operating income was down 56.5% due to housing market challenges.
- For 2008, Home Depot expects total sales to decline 4-5%, negative comps in the mid-to-high single digits, and operating margin decline of 170-210 basis points.
- Home Depot has a staggered debt maturity schedule with low refinancing risk and strong cash flow and liquidity.
- The company is focused on capital efficiency through store rationalization, supply chain improvements, and driving productivity across operations
Paul Raines discusses Home Depot's focus on store operations and customers. Key points include:
1) Home Depot has made multi-year investments to improve labor standards, launch an "Aprons on the Floor" program, and focus on foundational improvements like maintenance and store standards.
2) The company is focusing on two customer segments - professional contractors and multicultural customers - through programs like product knowledge certification for associates, understanding each group's purchasing patterns, and targeted marketing.
3) Initiatives like daytime freight, call center closures, and a new merchandising team have helped exceed Home Depot's $180 million goal in operating cost reductions to reinvest in labor.
home depot http://ir.homedepot.com/common/download/download.cfm?companyid=HD&...finance2
This document discusses Home Depot's supply chain transformation efforts from 2007 to 2008. It outlines goals of improving product availability, inventory management, and developing an optimal distribution network. Home Depot implemented regional distribution centers (RDCs) to better aggregate store orders, improve in-stock levels, and reduce supply chain costs. The RDCs were shown to simplify operations and had benefits including increased gross margins and improved inventory turns that could generate $1.5 billion in additional cash.
The document discusses a decline in private residential investment and subprime/Alt-A mortgages over the past few years which has negatively impacted the housing market. It then outlines Home Depot's strategic focus on increasing returns through disciplined capital allocation, investing in existing assets like employee training and supply chain improvements, and building sustained competitive advantages. Home Depot expects another difficult year in 2008 but believes these strategic initiatives position it for stronger future growth once market conditions normalize.
home depotForward Looking & Non-GAAP Disclosures finance2
The document discusses forward-looking statements made in today's presentations regarding the home improvement and housing markets, earnings guidance, and other factors affecting earnings and sales. It notes these statements are based on currently available information and expectations that could change. It also discusses non-GAAP financial measurements included in today's presentations, including total adjusted debt and earnings measures that exclude expected costs associated with store closures and pipeline changes. These supplemental measures are not a substitute for GAAP but provide useful information to investors.
- The Home Depot reported third quarter earnings for fiscal year 2008, with sales of $17.8 billion, down 6.2% from the previous year, and same-store sales down 8.3%. Earnings per share were $0.45.
- Challenging housing and home improvement markets continued to pressure results. Previously strong regions like the Northwest saw double-digit negative comps.
- While sales were weak across most departments, building materials had positive comps led by roofing and insulation. Initiatives to improve merchandising and focus on value are showing early signs of success through improved transactions, market share gains, and gross margin expansion despite volatile costs.
- Tightening credit availability also
- The Home Depot reported third quarter earnings for fiscal year 2008, with sales of $17.8 billion, down 6.2% from the previous year, and same-store sales down 8.3%. Earnings per share were $0.45.
- Challenging housing and home improvement markets continued to pressure results. Previously strong regions like the Northwest saw double-digit negative comps.
- While sales were weak across most departments, building materials had positive comps led by roofing and insulation. Initiatives to improve merchandising and focus on value are showing early signs of success through improved transactions, market share gains, and gross margin expansion despite volatile costs.
- Tightening credit availability also
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
13 Jun 24 ILC Retirement Income Summit - slides.pptxILC- UK
ILC's Retirement Income Summit was hosted by M&G and supported by Canada Life. The event brought together key policymakers, influencers and experts to help identify policy priorities for the next Government and ensure more of us have access to a decent income in retirement.
Contributors included:
Jo Blanden, Professor in Economics, University of Surrey
Clive Bolton, CEO, Life Insurance M&G Plc
Jim Boyd, CEO, Equity Release Council
Molly Broome, Economist, Resolution Foundation
Nida Broughton, Co-Director of Economic Policy, Behavioural Insights Team
Jonathan Cribb, Associate Director and Head of Retirement, Savings, and Ageing, Institute for Fiscal Studies
Joanna Elson CBE, Chief Executive Officer, Independent Age
Tom Evans, Managing Director of Retirement, Canada Life
Steve Groves, Chair, Key Retirement Group
Tish Hanifan, Founder and Joint Chair of the Society of Later life Advisers
Sue Lewis, ILC Trustee
Siobhan Lough, Senior Consultant, Hymans Robertson
Mick McAteer, Co-Director, The Financial Inclusion Centre
Stuart McDonald MBE, Head of Longevity and Democratic Insights, LCP
Anusha Mittal, Managing Director, Individual Life and Pensions, M&G Life
Shelley Morris, Senior Project Manager, Living Pension, Living Wage Foundation
Sarah O'Grady, Journalist
Will Sherlock, Head of External Relations, M&G Plc
Daniela Silcock, Head of Policy Research, Pensions Policy Institute
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC
Jordi Skilbeck, Senior Policy Advisor, Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association
Rt Hon Sir Stephen Timms, former Chair, Work & Pensions Committee
Nigel Waterson, ILC Trustee
Jackie Wells, Strategy and Policy Consultant, ILC Strategic Advisory Board
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptxDiana Rose
Ponzi schemes, a notorious form of financial fraud, have plagued America’s investment landscape for decades. Named after Charles Ponzi, who orchestrated one of the most infamous schemes in the early 20th century, these fraudulent operations promise high returns with little or no risk, only to collapse and leave investors with significant losses. This article explores the nature of Ponzi schemes, notable cases in American history, their impact on victims, and measures to prevent falling prey to such scams.
Understanding Ponzi Schemes
A Ponzi scheme is an investment scam where returns are paid to earlier investors using the capital from newer investors, rather than from legitimate profit earned. The scheme relies on a constant influx of new investments to continue paying the promised returns. Eventually, when the flow of new money slows down or stops, the scheme collapses, leaving the majority of investors with substantial financial losses.
Historical Context: Charles Ponzi and His Legacy
Charles Ponzi is the namesake of this deceptive practice. In the 1920s, Ponzi promised investors in Boston a 50% return within 45 days or 100% return in 90 days through arbitrage of international reply coupons. Initially, he paid returns as promised, not from profits, but from the investments of new participants. When his scheme unraveled, it resulted in losses exceeding $20 million (equivalent to about $270 million today).
Notable American Ponzi Schemes
1. Bernie Madoff: Perhaps the most notorious Ponzi scheme in recent history, Bernie Madoff’s fraud involved $65 billion. Madoff, a well-respected figure in the financial industry, promised steady, high returns through a secretive investment strategy. His scheme lasted for decades before collapsing in 2008, devastating thousands of investors, including individuals, charities, and institutional clients.
2. Allen Stanford: Through his company, Stanford Financial Group, Allen Stanford orchestrated a $7 billion Ponzi scheme, luring investors with fraudulent certificates of deposit issued by his offshore bank. Stanford promised high returns and lavish lifestyle benefits to his investors, which ultimately led to a 110-year prison sentence for the financier in 2012.
3. Tom Petters: In a scheme that lasted more than a decade, Tom Petters ran a $3.65 billion Ponzi scheme, using his company, Petters Group Worldwide. He claimed to buy and sell consumer electronics, but in reality, he used new investments to pay off old debts and fund his extravagant lifestyle. Petters was convicted in 2009 and sentenced to 50 years in prison.
4. Eric Dalius and Saivian: Eric Dalius, a prominent figure behind Saivian, a cashback program promising high returns, is under scrutiny for allegedly orchestrating a Ponzi scheme. Saivian enticed investors with promises of up to 20% cash back on everyday purchases. However, investigations suggest that the returns were paid using new investments rather than legitimate profits. The collapse of Saivian l
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leadermsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio ProblemMajid Iqbal
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
goldman sachs Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
1. Consolidated
Statement of
Financial Condition
November 30, 2007
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
Established 1869
New York Hong Kong London Tokyo Atlanta Auckland* Bangalore Bangkok Beijing Boston
Buenos Aires Calgary Chicago Dallas Doha Dubai Dublin Frankfurt Geneva George Town
Hamilton Houston Jersey City Johannesburg Los Angeles Madrid Melbourne* Mexico City
Miami Milan Monte Carlo Moscow Mumbai Paris Philadelphia Portland Princeton Salt Lake
City San Francisco São Paulo Seattle Seoul Shanghai Singapore St. Petersburg Stockholm
Sydney Taipei Tampa Tel Aviv Toronto Washington, D.C. West Palm Beach Zurich
*Goldman Sachs JBWere
2.
3. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
As of November 30, 2007
(in thousands)
____________________
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents…………………………………………………………………… $ 3,815,314
Cash and securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes
(includes $81,619,815 at fair value)……………………………………………………… 85,274,770
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations……………………...…… 20,402,378
Receivables from customers and counterparties……………………………………………. 22,739,706
Collateralized agreements:
Securities borrowed (includes $79,312,735 at fair value)………………………………. 325,973,650
Financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell, at fair value…….…… 50,427,432
Financial instruments owned, at fair value…………………………………………………… 96,135,412
Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral, at fair value…………………… 22,606,373
Total financial instruments owned, at fair value………………………………………… 118,741,785
Other assets…………………………………………………………………………………… 5,483,735
Total assets………………………………………………………….................................. $ 632,858,770
Liabilities and Partners' Capital
Unsecured short-term borrowings, including the current portion of unsecured
long-term borrowings (includes $1,303,559 at fair value)……………………………… $ 20,795,733
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations…………………………….……. 20,014,506
Payables to customers and counterparties…………………………………………………… 179,894,170
Collateralized financings:
Securities loaned (includes $6,541 at fair value)…………………………………………. 154,516,453
Financial instruments sold under agreements to repurchase, at fair value……………. 118,313,811
Other secured financings (includes $2,076,473 at fair value)…………………………... 27,727,406
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value…………………………… 75,556,600
Other liabilities and accrued expenses………………………………………………………. 9,981,939
Unsecured long-term borrowings (includes $347,904 at fair value)………………………. 1,560,215
608,360,833
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees
Subordinated borrowings…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..….. 18,250,000
Partners’ capital
Partners’ capital..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..... 6,193,908
Accumulated other comprehensive income…..…..…..….…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..... 54,029
Total partners' capital…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..….…..…..… 6,247,937
Total liabilities and partners' capital…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..…..… $ 632,858,770
1
4. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Note 1. Description of Business
Goldman, Sachs & Co. (GS&Co.), a limited partnership registered as a U.S. broker-dealer and futures
commission merchant, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the firm), is an indirectly wholly
owned subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc.), a Delaware corporation. The firm is a
leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm that provides a wide range of
services worldwide to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions,
governments and high-net-worth individuals.
The firm’s activities are as follows:
• Investment Banking. The firm provides a broad range of investment banking services to a diverse
group of corporations, financial institutions, investment funds, governments and individuals.
• Trading and Principal Investments. The firm facilitates client transactions with a diverse group of
corporations, financial institutions, investment funds, governments and individuals and takes
proprietary positions through market making in, trading of and investing in fixed income and equity
products, currencies, and derivatives on these products. In addition, the firm engages in market-
making activities on equities and options exchanges and clears client transactions on major stock,
options and futures exchanges worldwide. In connection with the firm’s other investing activities, the
firm makes principal investments.
• Asset Management and Securities Services. The firm provides investment advisory and financial
planning services and offers investment products (primarily through separately managed accounts
and commingled vehicles, such as mutual funds and private investment funds) across all major asset
classes to a diverse group of institutions and individuals worldwide and provides prime brokerage
services, financing services and securities lending services to institutional clients, including hedge
funds, mutual funds, pension funds and foundations, and to high-net-worth individuals worldwide.
Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
This consolidated statement of financial condition includes the accounts of GS&Co. and all other entities in
which the firm has a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany transactions and balances have
been eliminated.
The firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the
entity is a voting interest entity, a variable interest entity (VIE) or a qualifying special-purpose entity (QSPE)
under generally accepted accounting principles.
• Voting Interest Entities. Voting interest entities are entities in which (i) the total equity investment at
risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance its activities independently and (ii) the equity holders
have the obligation to absorb losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to make
decisions about the entity’s activities. Voting interest entities are consolidated in accordance with
Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” as amended. ARB
No. 51 states that the usual condition for a controlling financial interest in an entity is ownership of a
2
5. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
majority voting interest. Accordingly, the firm consolidates voting interest entities in which it has a
majority voting interest
• Variable Interest Entities. VIEs are entities that lack one or more of the characteristics of a voting
interest entity. A controlling financial interest in a VIE is present when an enterprise has a variable
interest, or a combination of variable interests, that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected
losses, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both. The enterprise with a
controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE. In accordance
with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) No. 46-R, “Consolidation of
Variable Interest Entities,” the firm consolidates VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary. The firm
determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by first performing a qualitative analysis of
the VIE that includes a review of, among other factors, its capital structure, contractual terms, which
interests create or absorb variability, related party relationships and the design of the VIE. Where
qualitative analysis is not conclusive, the firm performs a quantitative analysis. For purposes of
allocating a VIE’s expected losses and expected residual returns to its variable interest holders, the
firm utilizes the “top down” method. Under that method, the firm calculates its share of the VIE’s
expected losses and expected residual returns using the specific cash flows that would be allocated
to it, based on contractual arrangements and/or the firm’s position in the capital structure of the VIE,
under various probability-weighted scenarios.
• QSPEs. QSPEs are passive entities that are commonly used in mortgage and other securitization
transactions. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 140, quot;Accounting for
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,quot; sets forth the criteria
an entity must satisfy to be a QSPE. These criteria include the types of assets a QSPE may hold,
limits on asset sales, the use of derivatives and financial guarantees, and the level of discretion a
servicer may exercise in attempting to collect receivables. These criteria may require management to
make judgments about complex matters, including whether a derivative is considered passive and
the degree of discretion a servicer may exercise. In accordance with SFAS No. 140 and FIN No. 46-
R, the firm does not consolidate QSPEs.
• Equity-Method Investments. When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity
but exerts significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies (generally defined as
owning a voting interest of 20% to 50%) and has an investment in common stock or in-substance
common stock, the firm accounts for its investment in accordance with the equity method of
accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of
Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” For investments acquired subsequent to the
adoption of SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” the
firm generally has elected to apply the fair value option in accounting for such investments. See “—
Recent Accounting Developments” for a discussion of the firm’s adoption of SFAS No. 159.
• Other. If the firm does not consolidate an entity or apply the equity method of accounting, the firm
accounts for its investment at fair value.
Unless otherwise stated herein, all references to November 2007 refer to the firm's fiscal year ended, or the
date, as the context requires, November 30, 2007.
3
6. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Use of Estimates
This consolidated statement of financial condition has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles that require management to make certain estimates and assumptions. The most
important of these estimates and assumptions relate to fair value measurements, and the provision for
potential losses that may arise from litigation and regulatory proceedings and tax audits. Although these and
other estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information, actual results could be
materially different from these estimates.
Financial Instruments. “Total financial instruments owned, at fair value” and “Financial instruments sold, but
not yet purchased, at fair value” are reflected in the consolidated statement of financial condition on a trade-
date basis. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or
paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the
exit price). Instruments that the firm owns (long positions) are marked to bid prices, and instruments that the
firm has sold, but not yet purchased (short positions), are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements
are not adjusted for transaction costs.
The firm adopted SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” as of the beginning of 2007. SFAS
No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure
fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3
measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under SFAS No. 157 are described below:
Basis of Fair Value Measurement
Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the
measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active or financial instruments
for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or
indirectly;
Level 3 Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the
fair value measurement and unobservable.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is
significant to the fair value measurement. See “— Recent Accounting Developments” for a discussion of the
impact of adopting SFAS No. 157.
In determining fair value, the firm separates its “Financial instruments owned, at fair value” and its “Financial
instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value” into two categories: cash instruments and derivative
contracts.
• Cash Instruments. The firm’s cash instruments are generally classified within level 1 or level 2 of
the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices, broker or dealer
quotations, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. The types of
instruments valued based on quoted market prices in active markets include most U.S. government
and agency securities, many other sovereign government obligations, active listed equities and most
money market securities. Such instruments are generally classified within level 1 of the fair value
4
7. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
hierarchy. The firm does not adjust the quoted price for such instruments, even in situations where
the firm holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.
The types of instruments valued based on quoted prices in markets that are not active, broker or
dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency include
most investment-grade and high-yield corporate bonds, most mortgage products, less liquid listed
equities, state, municipal and provincial obligations. Such instruments are generally classified within
level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Certain cash instruments are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because they trade
infrequently and therefore have little or no price transparency. Such instruments include distressed
debt instruments, certain types of equities, and less liquid mortgages backed securities. The
transaction price is initially used as the best estimate of fair value. Accordingly, when a pricing model
is used to value such an instrument, the model is adjusted so that the model value at inception equals
the transaction price. This valuation is adjusted only when changes to inputs and assumptions are
corroborated by evidence such as transactions in similar instruments, completed or pending third-
party transactions in the underlying investment or comparable entities, and other transactions across
the capital structure, offerings in the equity or debt capital markets, and changes in financial ratios or
cash flows.
For positions that are not traded in active markets or are subject to transfer restrictions, valuations
are adjusted to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability, and such adjustments are generally based
on available market evidence. In the absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used.
• Derivative Contracts. Derivative contracts can be exchange-traded or over-the-counter (OTC).
Exchange-traded derivatives typically fall within level 1 or level 2 of the fair value hierarchy depending
on whether they are deemed to be actively traded or not. The firm generally values exchange-traded
derivatives within portfolios using models which calibrate to market clearing levels and eliminate
timing differences between the closing price of the exchange-traded derivatives and their underlying
cash instruments. In such cases, exchange-traded derivatives are classified within level 2 of the fair
value hierarchy.
OTC derivatives are valued using market transactions and other market evidence whenever possible,
including market-based inputs to models, model calibration to market clearing transactions, broker or
dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Where
models are used, the selection of a particular model to value an OTC derivative depends upon the
contractual terms of, and specific risks inherent in, the instrument as well as the availability of pricing
information in the market. The firm generally uses similar models to value similar instruments.
Valuation models require a variety of inputs, including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves,
credit curves, measures of volatility, prepayment rates and correlations of such inputs. For OTC
derivatives that trade in liquid markets, such as generic forwards, swaps and options, model inputs
can generally be verified and model selection does not involve significant management judgment.
Such instruments are typically classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Certain OTC derivatives trade in less liquid markets with limited pricing information, and the
determination of fair value for these derivatives is inherently more difficult. Such instruments are
classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Where the firm does not have corroborating
market evidence to support significant model inputs and cannot verify the model to market
5
8. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
transactions, transaction price is initially used as the best estimate of fair value. Accordingly, when a
pricing model is used to value such an instrument, the model is adjusted so that the model value at
inception equals the transaction price. The valuations of these less liquid OTC derivatives are
typically based on level 1 and/or level 2 inputs that can be observed in the market, as well as
unobservable level 3 inputs. Subsequent to initial recognition, the firm updates the level 1 and level 2
inputs to reflect observable market changes, with resulting gains and losses reflected within level 3.
Level 3 inputs are only changed when corroborated by evidence such as similar market transactions,
third-party pricing services and/or broker or dealer quotations, or other empirical market data. In
circumstances where the firm cannot verify the model value to market transactions, it is possible that
a different valuation model could produce a materially different estimate of fair value.
When appropriate, valuations are adjusted for various factors such as liquidity, bid/offer spreads and
credit considerations. Such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence. In the
absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used.
Collateralized Agreements and Financings. Collateralized agreements consist of resale agreements and
securities borrowed. Collateralized financings consist of repurchase agreements, securities loaned and other
secured financings.
• Resale and Repurchase Agreements. Financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell
and financial instruments sold under agreements to repurchase, principally U.S. government, federal
agency and investment-grade sovereign obligations, represent collateralized financing transactions.
The firm receives financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell, makes delivery of
financial instruments sold under agreements to repurchase, monitors the market value of these
financial instruments on a daily basis and delivers or obtains additional collateral as appropriate.
Resale and repurchase agreements are carried in the consolidated statement of financial condition at
fair value as allowed by SFAS No. 159. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159, these transactions
were recorded at contractual amounts plus accrued interest. Resale and repurchase agreements are
generally valued based on inputs with reasonable levels of price transparency and are classified
within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Resale and repurchase agreements are presented on a net-
by-counterparty basis when the requirements of FIN No. 41, “Offsetting of Amounts Related to
Certain Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements,” or FIN No. 39, “Offsetting of Amounts
Related to Certain Contracts,” are satisfied.
• Securities Borrowed and Loaned. Securities borrowed and loaned are generally collateralized by
cash, securities or letters of credit. The firm receives securities borrowed, makes delivery of
securities loaned, monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned, and delivers or
obtains additional collateral as appropriate. Securities borrowed and loaned within Securities
Services business, relating to both customer activities and, to a lesser extent, certain firm financing
activities, are recorded based on the amount of cash collateral advanced or received plus accrued
interest. As these arrangements are generally transacted on-demand, they exhibit little, if any,
sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Securities borrowed and loaned within Trading and Principal
Investments, which are related to the firm’s matched book and certain firm financing activities, are
recorded at fair value as allowed by SFAS No. 159. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 159, these
transactions were recorded based on the amount of cash collateral advanced or received plus
accrued interest. These securities borrowed and loaned transactions are generally valued based on
inputs with reasonable levels of price transparency and are classified within level 2 of the fair value
hierarchy.
6
9. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
• Other Secured Financings. In addition to repurchase agreements and securities loaned, the firm
funds assets through the use of other secured financing arrangements and pledges financial
instruments and other assets as collateral in these transactions. SFAS No. 159 has been adopted for
those financings for which the use of fair value would eliminate non-economic volatility in earnings
from using different measurement attributes (i.e., assets recorded at fair value with related
nonrecourse financings recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest),
primarily transfers accounted for as financings rather than sales under SFAS No. 140. These other
secured financing transactions are generally valued based on inputs with reasonable levels of price
transparency and are classified within level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Other secured financings
that are not recorded at fair value are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued
interest. See Note 3 for further information regarding other secured financings.
Hybrid Financial Instruments. Hybrid financial instruments are instruments that contain bifurcatable
embedded derivatives under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,”
and do not require settlement by physical delivery of non-financial assets. If the firm elects to bifurcate the
embedded derivative, it is accounted for at fair value and the host contract is accounted for at amortized cost,
adjusted for the effective portion of any fair value hedge accounting relationships. If the firm does not elect to
bifurcate, the entire hybrid financial instrument is accounted for at fair value under SFAS No. 155,
“Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and
140.” See Note 3 for additional information about hybrid financial instruments.
Transfers of Financial Assets. In general, transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales under
SFAS No. 140 when the firm has relinquished control over the transferred assets. Transfers that are not
accounted for as sales are accounted for as collateralized financings
Asset Management. Management fees are recognized over the period that the related service is provided
based upon average net asset values.
Property, Leasehold Improvements and Equipment
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, are
included in “Other assets” in the consolidated statement of financial condition.
Substantially all property and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the
asset. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the improvement
or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Certain costs of software developed or obtained for internal
use are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the software.
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment are tested for potential impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully
recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144. An impairment loss, calculated as the difference between the
estimated fair value and the carrying value of an asset or asset group, is recognized if the sum of the
expected undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset or asset group is less than the corresponding carrying
value.
The firm’s operating leases include space held in excess of current requirements. In accordance with SFAS
No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” the firm records a liability, based
on the fair value of the remaining lease rentals reduced by any potential or existing sublease rentals, for
leases where the firm has ceased using the space and management has concluded that the firm will not
7
10. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
derive any future economic benefits. Costs to terminate a lease before the end of its term are recognized and
measured at fair value upon termination.
Foreign Currency Translation
Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on
the date of the consolidated statement of financial condition.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting
and tax bases of the firm’s assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax
assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized. The firm's tax assets and liabilities are
presented as a component of “Other assets” and “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively, in the
consolidated statement of financial condition. Tax provisions are computed in accordance with SFAS No.
109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Contingent liabilities related to income taxes are recorded when the
criteria for loss recognition under SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” as amended, have been met
(see “— Recent Accounting Developments” below for a discussion of the impact of FIN No. 48, “Accounting
for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” on SFAS No. 109).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The firm defines cash equivalents as highly liquid overnight deposits held in the ordinary course of business.
Recent Accounting Developments
FIN No. 48. In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an
Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.” FIN No. 48 requires that the firm determine whether a tax
position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals
or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. Once it is determined that a position
meets this recognition threshold, the position is measured to determine the amount of benefit to be
recognized in the financial statement. The firm will adopt the provisions of FIN No. 48 in the first quarter of
2008. Adoption of FIN No. 48 will not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition.
SFAS No. 157 In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No.
157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or
paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Under SFAS No. 157, fair value
measurements are not adjusted for transaction costs.
SFAS No. 157 nullifies the guidance included in EITF Issue No. 02-3, “Issues Involved in Accounting for
Derivative Contracts Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk
Management Activities,” that prohibited the recognition of a day one gain or loss on derivative contracts (and
hybrid financial instruments measured at fair value under SFAS No. 155) where the firm was unable to verify all
of the significant model inputs to observable market data and/or verify the model to market transactions.
However, SFAS No. 157 requires that a fair value measurement reflect the assumptions market participants
would use in pricing an asset or liability based on the best information available. Assumptions include the risks
8
11. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
inherent in a particular valuation technique (such as a pricing model) and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the
model.
In addition, SFAS No. 157 prohibits the recognition of “block discounts” for large holdings of unrestricted financial
instruments where quoted prices are readily and regularly available for an identical asset or liability in an active
market.
The provisions of SFAS No. 157 are to be applied prospectively, except changes in fair value measurements
that result from the initial application of SFAS No. 157 to existing derivative financial instruments measured
under EITF Issue No. 02-3, existing hybrid financial instruments measured at fair value and block discounts, all
of which are to be recorded as an adjustment to beginning partners’ capital in the year of adoption.
The firm adopted SFAS No. 157 as of the beginning of 2007. The transition adjustment to beginning partners’
capital was a gain of $1.4 million, net of tax.
SFAS No. 159. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial
Assets and Financial Liabilities,quot; which gives entities the option to measure eligible financial assets, financial
liabilities and firm commitments at fair value (i.e., the fair value option), on an instrument-by-instrument basis,
that are otherwise not accounted for at fair value under other accounting standards. The election to use the
fair value option is available at specified election dates, such as when an entity first recognizes a financial
asset or financial liability or upon entering into a firm commitment. Additionally, SFAS No. 159 allows for a
one-time election for existing positions upon adoption, with the transition adjustment recorded to beginning
partners’ capital.
The firm adopted SFAS No. 159 as of the beginning of 2007 and elected to apply the fair value option to the
following financial assets and liabilities existing at the time of adoption:
• certain unsecured short-term borrowings, consisting of primarily hybrid financial instruments;
• certain other secured financings, primarily transfers accounted for as financings rather than sales
under SFAS No. 140;
• certain unsecured long-term borrowings;
• resale and repurchase agreements;
• securities borrowed and loaned within Trading and Principal Investments, consisting of the firm’s
matched book and certain firm financing activities.
The transition adjustment to beginning partners’ capital related to the adoption of SFAS No. 159 was a gain of
$1.6 million, net of tax.
Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 159, the firm has elected to apply the fair value option to new
positions within the above categories and generally to investments where the firm would otherwise apply the
equity method of accounting. In certain cases, the firm may continue to apply the equity method of
accounting to those investments which are strategic in nature or closely related to the firm’s principal
business activities, where the firm has a significant degree of involvement in the cash flows or operations of
the investee, and/or where cost-benefit considerations are less significant.
9
12. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Note 3. Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table sets forth the firm’s financial instruments owned, at fair value, including those pledged as
collateral, and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value. At any point in time, the firm
may use cash instruments as well as derivatives to manage a long or short risk position.
As of November 2007
Assets Liabilities
(in millions)
Commercial paper, certificates of deposit, time deposits
and other money market instruments………………...... $ 1,561 $ –
U.S. government, federal agency and sovereign
obligations…………………………………………………. 36,900 34,493
Mortgage and other asset-backed loans and securities… 16,671 –
Bank loans…………………………………………............... 322 –
Corporate debt securities and other debt obligations…… 15,727 3,541
Equities and convertible debentures……………………. 34,428 21,620
13,133 (1) 15,903 (2)
Derivative contracts…………………………………….........
Total……………………………………………………........... $ 118,742 $ 75,557
(1)
Net of cash received pursuant to credit support agreements of $541 million.
(2)
Net of cash paid pursuant to credit support agreements of $67 million.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy “Financial instruments owned, at fair
value”, “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value” and financial assets and liabilities
accounted for at fair value under SFAS No. 155 and SFAS No. 159 as of November 2007 (see Note 2 for
further information on the fair value hierarchy). As required by SFAS No. 157, assets and liabilities are
classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Total financial assets at fair value classified within level 3 were $5.6 billion or less than 1% of “Total assets”
on the consolidated statement of financial condition as of November 2007.
10
13. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Assets at Fair Value as of November 2007
Netting and
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral Total
(in millions)
Commercial paper, certificates
of deposit, time deposits
and other money market
instruments……….……... $ 14 $ 1,547 $ – $ – $ 1,561
U.S. government, federal
agency and sovereign
obligations………………… 8,392 28,508 – – 36,900
Mortgage and other asset-
backed loans and securities.. – 14,011 2,660 – 16,671
Bank loans……………………. – 308 14 – 322
Corporate debt securities and
other debt obligations……. 187 14,757 783 – 15,727
Equities and convertible
debentures………………….. 26,218 6,226 1,984 – 34,428
Cash instruments………………... 34,811 65,357 5,441 – 105,609
(3)
Derivative contracts……………….. 176 13,480 164 (687) 13,133
Financial instruments owned,……….. 34,987 78,837 5,605 (687) 118,742
Securities segregated for regulatory
and other purposes (2)…………… 17,387 64,233 – – 81,620
Securities borrowed (1)……………..... – 79,313 – – 79,313
Financial instruments purchased
under agreements to resell,……. – 50,427 – – 50,427
Total assets at fair value ……………… $ 52,374 $ 272,810 $ 5,605 $ (687) $ 330,102
(1)
Reflects securities borrowed within Trading and Principal Investments. Excludes securities borrowed within Securities Services
business, which are accounted for based on the amount of cash collateral advanced plus accrued interest.
(2)
Principally consists of securities borrowed and resale agreements. The underlying securities have been segregated to satisfy
certain regulatory requirements.
(3)
Represents cash collateral and the impact of netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy. Netting among positions
classified within the same level is included in that level.
11
14. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Liabilities at Fair Value as of November 2007
Netting and
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Collateral Total
(in millions)
U.S. government, federal agency
and sovereign obligations…… $ 34,168 $ 325 $ – $ – $ 34,493
Corporate debt securities and other
debt obligations…….. – 3,439 102 – 3,541
Equities and convertible
debentures……………………. 20,819 801 – – 21,620
Cash instruments……………………… 54,987 4,565 102 – 59,654
Derivative contracts…………………… 52 13,533 2,848 (530) 15,903
Financial instruments sold, but not yet
(4)
purchased…………………………. 55,039 18,098 2,950 (530) 75,557
Unsecured short-term borrowings (1)…….. – 179 1,124 – 1,303
Securities loaned (2)……………………… – 7 – – 7
Financial instruments sold under
agreements to repurchase……… – 118,313 – – 118,313
Other secured financings (3)………………. – 2,076 – – 2,076
(1)
Unsecured long-term borrowings ……… – 348 – – 348
Total liabilities at fair value………………... $ 55,039 $ 139,021 $ 4,074 $ (530) $ 197,604
(1)
Primarily includes hybrid financial instruments.
(2)
Reflects securities loaned within Trading and Principal Investments. Excludes securities loaned within Securities Services,
which are accounted for based on the amount of cash collateral received plus accrued interest.
(3)
Primarily includes transfers accounted for as financings rather than sales under SFAS No. 140.
(4)
Represents cash collateral and the impact of netting across the levels of the fair value hierarchy. Netting among positions
classified within the same level is included in that level.
As of November 2007, the changes in the fair value of receivables (including securities borrowed and resale
agreements) for which the fair value option was elected that were attributable to changes in instrument-specific
credit spreads were not material. The firm calculates the impact of its own credit spread on liabilities carried at
fair value by discounting future cash flows at a rate which incorporates the firm's observable credit spreads.
As of November 2007, the difference between the fair value and the aggregate contractual principal amount of
both long-term receivables and long-term debt instruments (principal and non-principal protected) for which
the fair value option was elected was not material.
Credit Concentrations
Credit concentrations may arise from trading, underwriting and securities borrowing activities and may be
impacted by changes in economic, industry or political factors. The firm seeks to mitigate credit risk by
actively monitoring exposures and obtaining collateral as deemed appropriate. While the firm's activities
expose it to many different industries and counterparties, the firm routinely executes a high volume of
transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial
banks, investment funds and other institutional clients, resulting in significant credit concentration with respect
12
15. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
to this industry. In the ordinary course of business, the firm may also be subject to a concentration of credit
risk to a particular counterparty, borrower or issuer.
As of November 2007, the firm held $41.8 billion (7% of total assets) of U.S. government and federal agency
obligations (including securities guaranteed by the Federal National Mortgage Association and the Federal
Home Loan Mortgage Corporation) included in “Financial instruments owned, at fair value” and “Cash and
securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes” in the consolidated statement of financial condition.
In addition, as of November 2007, $141.7 billion of the firm’s financial instruments purchased under
agreements to resell and securities borrowed, were collateralized by U.S. government and federal agency
obligations. As of November 2007 $6.5 billion of the firm’s financial instruments purchased under
agreements to resell and securities borrowed, were collateralized by other sovereign obligations. As of
November 2007, the firm did not have credit exposure to any other counterparty that exceeded 2% of the
firm’s total assets.
Derivative Activities
Derivative contracts are instruments, such as futures, forwards, swaps or option contracts that derive their
value from underlying assets, indices, reference rates or a combination of these factors. Derivative
instruments may be privately negotiated contracts, which are often referred to as OTC derivatives, or they
may be listed and traded on an exchange. Derivatives may involve future commitments to purchase or sell
financial instruments, or to exchange currency or interest payment streams. The amounts exchanged are
based on the specific terms of the contract with reference to specified rates, securities, currencies or indices.
Certain cash instruments, such as mortgage-backed securities, interest-only and principal-only obligations,
and indexed debt instruments, are not considered derivatives even though their values or contractually
required cash flows are derived from the price of some other security or index.
The firm enters into derivative transactions to facilitate client transactions, to take proprietary positions and as
a means of risk management. Risk exposures are managed through diversification, by controlling position
sizes and by entering into offsetting positions. For example, the firm may manage the risk related to a
portfolio of common stock by entering into an offsetting position in a related equity-index futures contract.
The firm applies hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities,” to certain derivative contracts. The firm uses these derivatives to manage certain interest rate and
currency exposures. The firm designates certain interest rate swap contracts as fair value hedges.
13
16. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Fair values of the firm’s derivative contracts are reflected net of cash paid or received pursuant to credit
support agreements and are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis in the firm’s consolidated statement of
financial condition when management believes a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting
agreement. The fair value of derivative financial instruments, computed in accordance with the firm's netting
policy, is set forth below:
As of November 2007
Assets Liabilities
(in millions)
Forward settlement contracts…. $ 5,927 $ 6,182
Swap agreements……………. 1,558 2,450
Option contracts……………… 5,648 7,271
Total………………………….. $ 13,133 $ 15,903
Securitization Activities
The firm securitizes commercial and residential mortgage, and other types of financial assets. The firm acts
as underwriter of the beneficial interests that are sold to investors. The firm derecognizes financial assets
transferred in securitizations provided it has relinquished control over such assets. Transferred assets are
accounted for at fair value prior to securitization.
The firm also acts as underwriter when other subsidiaries of Group Inc. securitize financial assets, and it may
retain interests in these securitized financial assets. Retained interests are accounted for at fair value and are
included in “Total financial instruments owned, at fair value” in the consolidated statement of financial
condition.
During the year ended November 2007, the firm securitized $7.4 billion of financial assets ($6.0 billion of
residential mortgages and $1.4 billion of commercial mortgages).
As of November 2007, the firm held $735 million of retained interests from these securitization activities, which
are all held by QSPEs.
14
17. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
The following table sets forth the weighted average key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair
value of the firm’s retained interests and the sensitivity of this fair value to immediate adverse changes of
10% and 20% in those assumptions:
As of November 2007
Retained Interests
Mortgage-Backed
(in millions)
Fair value of retained interests….… $ 735
Weighted average life (years)………. 8.5
Constant prepayment rate……… 13.3%
Impact of 10% adverse change…… $ (32)
Impact of 20% adverse change…… (57)
Anticipated credit losses (1)………….. 4.6%
Impact of 10% adverse change (2) .. $ (30)
Impact of 20% adverse change (2) .. (49)
Discount rate………………………….. 9.0%
Impact of 10% adverse change…… $ (25)
Impact of 20% adverse change…… (47)
(1)
Anticipated credit losses are computed only on positions in which expected credit loss
is a key assumption in the determination of fair values.
(2)
The impacts of adverse change take into account credit mitigants incorporated in the
retained interests, including over-collateralization and subordination provisions.
The preceding table does not give effect to the offsetting benefit of other financial instruments that are held to
mitigate risks inherent in these retained interests. Changes in fair value based on an adverse variation in
assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the
change in fair value is not usually linear. In addition, the impact of a change in a particular assumption is
calculated independently of changes in any other assumption. In practice, simultaneous changes in
assumptions might magnify or counteract the sensitivities disclosed above.
In addition to the retained interests described above, the firm also held interests in residential mortgage
QSPEs purchased in connection with secondary market-making activities. These purchased interests
approximated $8.1 billion as of November 2007.
Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
The firm, in the ordinary course of business, retains interests in VIEs in connection with its securitization
activities. The firm also purchases and sells variable interests in VIEs, which primarily issue mortgage-
backed securities, CDOs and CLOs, in connection with its market-making activities and makes investments in
and loans to VIEs that hold performing and nonperforming debt, equity, real estate, and other assets. In
addition, the firm utilizes VIEs to provide investors with credit-linked notes designed to meet their objectives.
15
18. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
VIEs generally purchase assets by issuing debt and equity instruments. In certain instances, the firm provides
guarantees to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs. In such cases, the maximum exposure to loss
included in the tables set forth below is the notional amount of such guarantees. Such amounts do not
represent anticipated losses in connection with these guarantees.
The firm’s variable interests in VIEs include senior and subordinated debt; limited and general partnership
interests; preferred and common stock; interest rate, foreign currency, equity and credit derivatives;
guarantees; and residual interests in mortgage-backed securitization vehicles, CDOs and CLOs. The firm’s
exposure to the obligations of VIEs is generally limited to its interests in these entities.
The following tables set forth total assets in nonconsolidated VIEs in which the firm holds significant variable
interests and the firm’s maximum exposure to loss associated with these variable interests. The firm has
aggregated nonconsolidated VIEs based on principal business activity, as reflected in the first column. The
nature of the firm’s variable interests can take different forms, as described in the columns under maximum
exposure to loss.
The table does not give effect to the benefit of any offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate risks
related to the firm’s interests in nonconsolidated VIEs.
As of November 2007
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs (1)
Purchased Commitments
VIE and Retained and Loans and
Assets Interests Guarantees Investments Total
(in millions)
Mortgage CDOs……….. $ 7,971 $ 106 $ – $ – 106
Corporate CDOs and
CLOs……………... 4,861 395 – – 395
Real estate, credit-
related and other
investing (2)……….... 294 – – 42 42
Municipal bond
securitizations……... 1,413 – 1,413 – 1,413
Mortgage-backed……... 3,881 719 – – 719
Total…………………….. $ 18,420 $ 1,220 $ 1,413 $ 42 $ 2,675
(1)
Such amounts do not represent the anticipated losses in connection with these transactions.
(2)
The firm obtains interests in these VIEs in connection with making proprietary investments in real estate, distressed loans and other
types of debt, mezzanine instruments and equities.
16
19. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
The following table sets forth the firm’s total assets and maximum exposure to loss associated with its significant
variable interests in consolidated VIEs where the firm does not hold a majority voting interest. The firm has
aggregated consolidated VIEs based on principal business activity, as reflected in the first column.
The table does not give effect to the benefit of any offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate risks
related to the firm’s interests in consolidated VIEs.
As of
November 2007
Maximum
Exposure to
VIE Assets(1) (2)
Loss
(in millions)
Real estate, credit-related and other
investing…………………………………… $ 367 $ 91
Municipal bond securitizations…………... 1,959 1,959
Mortgage CDOs......................................... 345 41
Total………………………………………… $ 2,671 $ 2,091
(1)
Consolidated VIE assets include assets financed on a nonrecourse basis.
(2)
Such amounts do not represent the anticipated losses in connection with these transactions.
Collateralized Transactions
The firm receives financial instruments as collateral, primarily in connection with resale agreements,
securities borrowed, derivative transactions and customer margin loans. Such financial instruments may
include obligations of the U.S. government, federal agencies, sovereigns and corporations, as well as equities
and convertibles.
In many cases, the firm is permitted to deliver or repledge these financial instruments in connection with
entering into repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements, and other secured financings,
collateralizing derivative transactions and meeting firm or customer settlement requirements. As of
November 2007, the fair value of financial instruments received as collateral by the firm that it was permitted
to deliver or repledge was $537.8 billion, of which the firm delivered or repledged $485.3 billion.
The firm also pledges assets that it owns to counterparties who may or may not have the right to deliver or
repledge them. Financial Instruments owned and pledged to counterparties that have the right to deliver or
repledge are reported as “Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral, at fair value” in the
consolidated statement of financial condition and were $22.6 billion as of November 2007. Financial
instruments owned and pledged in connection with repurchase agreements and securities lending
agreements to counterparties that did not have the right to sell or repledge are included in “Financial
instruments owned, at fair value” in the consolidated statement of financial condition and were $52.5 billion as
of November 2007.
In addition to repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements, the firm also pledges securities and
other assets it owns to counterparties that do not have the right to sell or repledge, in order to collateralize
17
20. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
secured long-term borrowings. Other secured financings include arrangements that are nonrecourse, that is,
only the subsidiary that executed the arrangement or a subsidiary guaranteeing the arrangement is obligated
to repay the financing. In connection with these transactions, the firm pledged assets of $40 million as of
November 2007. “Other secured financings” primarily consist of liabilities related to the firm’s short-term
borrowings with Group Inc.
Other secured financings are set forth in the table below:
As of
November 2007
(in millions)
Other secured financings (short-term)(1) (2)……………... $ 27,473
Other secured financings (long-term).......................
–
2008…………………………………………………
–
2009…………………………………………………
4
2010…………………………………………………
127
2011…………………………………………………
–
2012…………………………………………………
123
2013- thereafter
Total other secured financings (long-term)………... 254
Total other secured financings(3) $ 27,727
(1)
The weighted average interest rate was 6.8% as of November 2007.
(2)
Includes other secured financings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and other secured
financings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.
(3)
Includes $191 million of nonrecourse financings as of November 2007 that were collateralized primarily by financial
instruments.
Note 4. Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings
The firm obtains unsecured short-term borrowings primarily from Group Inc. and other affiliates. As of
November 2007, these borrowings were $20.8 billion. Such amounts include the portion of unsecured long-
term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term
borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.
The firm accounts for certain hybrid financial instruments at fair value under SFAS No. 155 or SFAS No. 159.
Short-term borrowings that are not recorded at fair value are recorded based on the amount of cash received
plus accrued interest, and such amounts approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the
obligations.
Note 5. Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings
The firm obtains unsecured long-term borrowings primarily from Group Inc. and other affiliates. As of
November 2007, unsecured long-term borrowings were $1.6 billion, of which $1.1 billion was from Group Inc.
and mature in years 2010 and 2011. Other amounts include borrowings from affiliates and have various
maturity dates and interest rates. As of November 2007, the carrying values of these long-term obligations
approximated fair value.
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21. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Note 6. Subordinated Borrowings
As of November 2007, the firm had outstanding borrowings of $5.0 billion from Group Inc. under four
subordinated loan agreements with maturities ranging from 2009 through 2011. In addition, the firm has a
$14.5 billion revolving subordinated loan agreement with Group Inc., which matures on September 30, 2009.
As of November 2007, $13.3 billion was drawn down under this agreement.
Amounts borrowed under these subordinated loan agreements bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus .75% per
annum. The carrying value of these borrowings approximates fair value.
Note 7. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Commitments
Forward Starting Collateralized Agreements and Financings. The firm had forward starting resale
agreements and securities borrowing agreements of $1.2 billion as of November 2007. The firm had forward
starting repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements of $447 million as of November 2007.
Letters of Credit. The firm provides letters of credit issued by various banks to counterparties in lieu of
securities or cash to satisfy various collateral and margin deposit requirements. Letters of credit outstanding
were $3.6 billion as of November 2007.
Investment Commitments. In connection with its investing activities, the firm had commitments to invest up
to $660 million as of November 2007.
Leases. The firm has contractual obligations under long-term non cancelable lease agreements, principally
for office space, expiring on various dates through fiscal 2012. Certain agreements are subject to periodic
escalation provisions for increases in real estate taxes and other charges. Future minimum rental payments,
net of minimum sublease rentals are set forth below:
(in millions)
Minimum Rental Payments
2008…………………………….. $ 92
2009…………………………….. 82
2010…………………………….. 62
2011…………………………….. 33
2012…………………………….. 1
Total………………………………… $ 270
Contingencies
The firm is involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings concerning matters arising
in connection with the conduct of its businesses. Management believes, based on currently available
information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on
the firm's financial condition, but may be material to the firm's operating results for any particular period,
depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period. Given the inherent difficulty of predicting the
outcome of the firm’s litigation and regulatory matters, particularly in cases or proceedings in which
substantial or indeterminate damages or fines are sought, the firm cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses
for cases or proceedings where there is only a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred.
19
22. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Guarantees
The firm enters into various derivative contracts that meet the definition of a guarantee under FIN No. 45,
“Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness of Others.” Such derivative contracts include credit default and total return swaps, written equity
put options, written currency contracts and interest rate caps, floors and swaptions. FIN No. 45 does not
require disclosures about derivative contracts if such contracts may be cash settled and the firm has no basis
to conclude it is probable that the counterparties held, at inception, the underlying instruments related to the
derivative contracts. The firm has concluded that these conditions have been met for certain large,
internationally active commercial and investment bank end users and certain other users. Accordingly, the
firm has not included such contracts in the table below.
The following table sets forth certain information about the firm’s derivative contracts that meet the definition
of a guarantee and certain other guarantees as of November 2007:
(1)
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
2008 2009- 2010 2011- 2012 2013- Thereafter Total
(in millions)
(2) (3)
Derivatives ……………… $ 2,919 $ 255 $ 700 $ 290 $ 4,164
Guarantees of the
collection of contractual
– – –
cash flows…………………… 45 45
(1)
Such amounts do not represent the anticipated losses in connection with these contracts.
(2)
The carrying value of these guarantees was a liability $147 million. The carrying value excludes the effect of a legal right
of setoff that may exist under an enforceable netting agreement.
(3)
Excludes derivative contracts with affiliates.
In the ordinary course of business, the firm indemnifies and guarantees certain service providers, such as
clearing and custody agents, trustees and administrators, against specified potential losses in connection with
their acting as an agent of, or providing services to, the firm or its affiliates. The firm also indemnifies some
clients against potential losses incurred in the event specified third-party service providers, including sub-
custodians and third-party brokers, improperly execute transactions. In addition, the firm is a member of
payment, clearing and settlement networks as well as securities exchanges around the world that may
require the firm to meet the obligations of such networks and exchanges in the event of member defaults. In
connection with its prime brokerage and clearing businesses, the firm agrees to clear and settle on behalf of
its clients the transactions entered into by them with other brokerage firms. The firm’s obligations in respect of
such transactions are secured by the assets in the client’s account as well as any proceeds received from the
transactions cleared and settled by the firm on behalf of the client. The firm is unable to develop an estimate
of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it
is unlikely the firm will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no liabilities
related to these guarantees and indemnifications have been recognized in the consolidated statement of
financial condition as of November 2007.
The firm provides representations and warranties to counterparties in connection with a variety of commercial
transactions and occasionally indemnifies them against potential losses caused by the breach of those
representations and warranties. The firm may also provide indemnifications protecting against changes in or
20
23. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
adverse application of certain U.S. tax laws in connection with ordinary-course transactions such as securities
issuances, borrowings or derivatives. In addition, the firm may provide indemnifications to some
counterparties to protect them in the event additional taxes are owed or payments are withheld, due either to
a change in or an adverse application of certain non-U.S. tax laws. These indemnifications generally are
standard contractual terms and are entered into in the ordinary course of business. Generally, there are no
stated or notional amounts included in these indemnifications, and the contingencies triggering the obligation
to indemnify are not expected to occur. The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout
under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely that the firm
will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no liabilities related to these
arrangements have been recognized in the consolidated statement of financial condition as of November
2007.
Note 8. Employee Benefit Plans
The firm’s employees participate in various Group Inc. sponsored pension plans and certain other
postretirement benefit plans, primarily healthcare and life insurance. The firm also provides certain benefits to
former or inactive employees prior to retirement.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans and Postretirement Plans
Group Inc. maintains a defined benefit pension plan for substantially all U.S. employees hired prior to
November 1, 2003. As of November 2004, this plan has been closed to new participants and no further
benefits will be accrued to existing participants. Employees of certain subsidiaries participate in various
defined benefit pension plans. These plans generally provide benefits based on years of credited service and
a percentage of the employee’s eligible compensation. In addition, Group Inc. has unfunded postretirement
benefit plans that provide medical and life insurance for eligible retirees and their dependents covered under
the programs.
Defined Contribution Plans
The firm contributes to Group Inc. employee sponsored U.S. and non-U.S. defined contribution plans
Note 9. Employee Incentive Plans
Stock Incentive Plan
The Group Inc. sponsors a stock incentive plan, The Goldman Sachs Amended and Restated Stock Incentive
Plan (the Amended SIP), which provides for grants of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options,
stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, awards with
performance conditions and other share-based awards. In the second quarter of 2003, the Amended SIP was
approved by the firm’s shareholders, effective for grants after April 1, 2003.
Other Compensation Arrangements
Group Inc. has deferred compensation plans for eligible employees of the firm. In general, under the plans,
participants are able to defer payment of a portion of their cash year-end compensation. During the deferral
period, participants are able to nominally invest their deferrals in certain alternatives available under the
plans. Generally, under current tax law, participants are not subject to income tax on amounts deferred or on
any notional investment earnings until the returns are distributed, and the firm is not entitled to a
21
24. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
corresponding tax deduction until the amounts are distributed. As of November 2007, $228 million related to
these plans was included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses” in the consolidated statement of financial
condition.
The Group Inc. has a discount stock program through which eligible senior executives of the firm may acquire
restricted stock units at an effective 25% discount. The 25% discount is affected by an additional grant of
restricted stock units equal to one-third of the number of restricted stock units purchased by qualifying
participants. The purchased restricted stock units are 100% vested when granted, but the shares underlying
them are not able to be sold or transferred (other than to satisfy tax obligations) before the third anniversary
of the grant date. The shares underlying the restricted stock units that are granted in order to affect the 25%
discount will generally vest in equal installments on the second and third anniversaries following the grant
date and will not be transferable before the third anniversary of the grant date.
Restricted Stock Units and Stock Options
Group Inc. issued restricted stock units to employees of the firm under the Amended SIP, primarily in
connection with year-end compensation and acquisitions. The subsequent amortization of the cost of these
restricted stock units is allocated to the firm by Group Inc. Delivery of the underlying shares of common stock
is conditioned on the grantees satisfying certain vesting and other requirements outlined in the award
agreements.
Stock options granted to employees subsequent to Group Inc.’s initial public offering generally vest as
outlined in the applicable stock option agreement and first become exercisable on or after the third
anniversary of the grant date. Stock options granted to employees subsequent to Group Inc,’s initial public
offering generally vest as outlined in the applicable stock option agreement and first become exercisable on
or after the third anniversary of the grant date. Year-end stock options for 2007 become exercisable in
January 2011 and expire on November 24, 2017. Shares received on exercise prior to January 2013 can not
be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of until January 2013. All employee stock option agreements
provide that vesting is accelerated in certain circumstances, such as upon retirement, death and extended
absence. In general, all stock options expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date, although they may be
subject to earlier termination or cancellation in certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the
Amended SIP and the applicable stock option agreement.
Note 10. Income Taxes
Effective November 29, 2003, GS&Co. elected to be taxed as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. The firm is also subject to taxes in foreign jurisdictions on certain of its operations. The firm is
included with Group Inc. and subsidiaries in the consolidated corporate federal tax return as well as the
consolidated/combined state and local tax returns. The firm computes its tax liability as if it were filing a tax
return on a separate company basis and settles such liability with Group Inc. pursuant to the tax sharing
agreement. To the extent the firm generates tax benefits from losses, it will be reimbursed by Group
Inc. pursuant to the tax sharing agreement.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and
tax bases of assets and liabilities. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in
future years and are measured using the tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are
expected to reverse.
22
25. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
Significant components of the firm's deferred tax assets and liabilities are set forth below:
Year Ended
November 2007
(in millions)
Deferred tax assets
Compensation and benefits……………….. $ 1,922
Unrealized losses…………………………... 639
Other, net……………………………………. 311
Total deferred tax assets………………………….. 2,872
Deferred tax liabilities
Depreciation and amortization………….. 202
Total deferred tax liabilities……………………….. $ 202
Note 11. Transactions with Related Parties
The firm enters into transactions with Group Inc. and affiliates in the normal course of business as part of its
trading, financing and general operations. Amounts outstanding to/from such affiliates are reflected in the
consolidated statement of financial condition as set forth below:
As of
November
2007
(in millions)
Assets
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations…… $ 9,520
Receivables from customers and counterparties…………………….. 4,265
Collateralized agreements:
Securities borrowed………………………………………………… 74,010
Financial instruments purchased under agreements to resell…… 10,642
Financial instruments owned…………………………………………… 4,819
Other assets………………………………………………………………. 806
Liabilities
Unsecured short-term borrowings, including the current portion
of unsecured long-term borrowings………………………………… $ 18,494
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations……………. 9,981
Payables to customers and counterparties……………………………. 11,880
Collateralized financings:
Securities loaned…………………………………………………… 151,675
Financial instruments sold under agreements to repurchase……. 34,166
Other secured financings…………………………………………… 25,495
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased……………………. 5,283
Unsecured long-term borrowings……………………………………….. 1,175
Subordinated borrowings………………………………………………… 18,250
23
26. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (Continued)
As of November 30, 2007
____________________
The firm, from time to time, makes markets in debt issued by Group Inc. and certain affiliates. Included in
“Total financial instruments owned, at fair value” are $2.5 billion of such issuances.
Note 12. Net Capital Requirements
GS&Co. is a registered U.S. broker-dealer and futures commission merchant subject to Rule 15c3-1 of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Rule 1.17 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission,
which specify uniform minimum net capital requirements, as defined, for their registrants, and also require
that a significant part of the registrants’ assets are kept in relatively liquid form. GS&Co. has elected to
compute net capital in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirement,” as permitted by Rule 15c3-
1. As of November 2007, GS&Co. had net capital in excess of its minimum capital requirements. In addition to
its alternative minimum net capital requirements, GS&Co. is also required to hold tentative net capital in
excess of $1.0 billion and net capital in excess of $500 million in accordance with the market and credit risk
standards of Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1. GS&Co. is also required to notify the SEC in the event that its
tentative net capital is less than $5.0 billion. As of November 2007, GS&Co. had tentative net capital and net
capital in excess of both the minimum and notification requirements.
Certain other subsidiaries of GS&Co. are also subject to capital adequacy requirements promulgated by
authorities of the countries in which they operate. As of November 2007, these subsidiaries were in
compliance with their local capital adequacy requirements.
As of November 2007, GS&Co. made a computation related to the reserve requirement for Proprietary
Accounts of Introducing Brokers (PAIB) that indicated the Company’s PAIB credits exceeded its PAIB debits.
The amount held on deposit in the Reserve Bank at November 2007 was $321.6 million.
Group Inc. is regulated by the SEC as a consolidated supervised entity (CSE). As such, it is subject to group-
wide supervision and examination by the SEC and is subject to minimum capital standards on a consolidated
basis. As of November 2007, Group Inc. was in compliance with the CSE capital standards.
24