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This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food and debates both sides of the issue. It notes that GMOs are now found in many common foods but are still controversial. While some see benefits like increased crop yields and drought resistance, others worry about impacts on health, small farmers, and patent control of crops. Quotes are provided from scientists, farmers, and organizations on both sides of the GMO debate.
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![Genetically Modified Organisms<br />Arilyn M<br />Period 4 Language Arts<br />Mr. Kulbacki<br />February 24, 2011<br />P.1<br />Arilyn Maier<br />An unexpected amount of genetically modified foods are actually on the market today. Genetically modified foods are essentially found in breads, cheeses, sodas, beers, corn, and potatoes most of all. We have also been consuming them for a long time, specifically since the mid-1990s. Surprisingly, only a few genetically modified fruits and vegetables are in the supermarket today. <br />Genetically modified foods are expanding rapidly across the planet. 4.3 million acres of genetically modified crops were being used in 1996, but then, in 1999, it made a miraculous jump to 100 million acres! Sales on genetically modified crops have gone from 75 million dollars to 2.3 billion dollars in a matter of four years. With the market rapidly expanding, should we ban these crops forever, or should we keep them?<br />“…People still want to eat GMO-free food,” said Antje Koelling, policy coordinator for EU group IFOAM.<br />“…in last week’s blog poll, about 83% of you are bothered by the presence of GMOs in food; 89% want to see labeling of such foods, and about 85% percent would like to see stricter regulations; nearly three-fourths would buy less salmon if it were genetically engineered (but this number is skewed by the large number of you who don’t buy farm-raised salmon in the first place – I’m in that category – or who eat no salmon at all).” Mark Bittman<br /> P.2 Arilyn Maier quot;
The industry is in reality making serious efforts, whether legally or illegally, to contaminate the cultivated species all over the world.quot;
Devinder Sharma, trade policy analyst, “The great genetic scandal”, Center for Alternative Agricultural Media, 1 August 2002.<br />“Today, the vast majority of foods in supermarkets contain genetically modified substances, whose effects on our health unknown. As a medical doctor, I can assure you that no one in the medical profession would ever attempt to preform experiments on human beings without their consent. Such conduct is illegal and unethical, yet manufacturers of genetically modified foods are exposing us to one of the largest uncontrolled food experiments in modern history.” –Dr. Martha R. Herbert (Pediatric neurologist). Critics like Martha believe that allergies are also increasing because of genetically modified organisms in fruits, vegetables, nuts and other foods as well. Some critics even argue the possibility of new allergies. These critics think of this possibility because the bacteria in our guts could pick up anti-biotic resistance genes from many genetically modified foods. If this happens, the spread of disease causing bacteria would rapidly increase; they have already been proven to withstand anti-biotics.<br />Is it ok to, with genetically modified foods, widen the gap between the rich and the poor, even if unintentional? Some people, like scientists, small farmers and critics of genetically modified agriculture believe that crops will force small <br />P.3<br />Arilyn Maier<br />farmers of their land and on to larger plots of land. In India, farmers were actually forced into debt and off of their precious land. Small farmers like these grow over 50,000 different crops, but surprisingly, they only make up 10% of the worlds food and energy. This means that the other 90% of our crops are the popular ones, like corn, tomatoes, potatoes, beans…etc. <br />quot;
Waitrose continues to maintain our non-GM stance, partly because we know our customers don't want it. The major problem with the technology is that it is a 'one in, all in' deal, and that simply isn't fair on those farmers who want their land to remain GM-free.quot;
--Mark Price, CEO of UK supermarket chain Waitrose, 2009.<br />Even if farmers in developing countries don’t grow genetically modified food crops, they will still be hurt by them. In 1996, the Canada-based non-governmental organization, RAFI (Rural Advancement Foundation International), called more attention to the crop quinoa, a high protein grain grown in the Andes. A patent was awarded to these researchers, as the crop would be a good thing for the U.S., or so it seemed. People started pointing out that Bolivian farmers would supply it. Their export market would, without-a-doubt, take a severe blow. So, after protests, the patent was removed.<br />“With farmers facing growing pressure from rising feed prices, which in some cases are almost double those of a year ago, pro-GMO campaigners hope <br />P.4<br />Arilyn Maier<br />the change will help ease the pressure on livestock producers. “--Ivan Camilleri, Brussels<br />Really, genetically modified food seeds don’t produce any more crops than regular, no GMO crops. <br />“Some researchers have shown that none of the genetically engineered seeds significantly increase the yield (less crop failure and more economic independence on the farmer) of crops. Indeed, in more than 8,200 field trials of the [genetically altered] roundup seeds produced fewer bushels of soybeans that similar natural varieties, according to the study of Dr. Charles Benbrook, the former director of the Department of Agriculture at the National Academy of Science. Far from being a solution to the worlds hunger problem, crops may actually threaten the agriculture and food security.”—Dr. Peter Rosset, director of the institute of Food and Development Policy.<br />“There do appear to be a number of reasons why farmers might be quite interested in growing these crops.”—Dr. Jeremy Sweet, scientific coordinator<br />“They have had it all wrong. FDA, USDA, and EPA have all done exhaustive research into GMO safety and have found nothing that remotely suggests that either the consumer, nor the environment are at risk from GM seed.”—Greg Caton, Lumen Foods President (the only large food company to take this position so far). If all of the federations are easily perceived by the anti-GMO environmental activists, then who says we can’t be?<br />P.5<br />Arilyn Maier<br />quot;
Concerning the future, for the world as a whole there is enough, or more <br />than enough, food production potential to meet the growth of effective demand.quot;
<br />Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN<br />“Genetically modified wheat is the way to go” -- the president of the seventh largest milling company in the United States. There are five major positives to GMO foods. One, it can make a plant more productive. Two, it can improve the diet in the U.S. You can get foods that look and taste better, as well as last longer. Undesirable traits, such as large seeds, that we all hate, can be removed. And last but not least, by adding GMO, the crop can be modified to survive in areas of water scarcity.<br />quot;
My research has shown that there are enormous benefits to investment in GM plants.”—Dr. Lucy Carter<br />quot;
Organic agricultural production based upon cheap, locally available materials and technologies provides an important alternative in the search for an environmentally sound and equitable solution to the problem of food security.quot;
<br />--Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN<br />quot;
The poor and hungry need low-cost, readily available technologies and practices to increase food production.quot;
--New Scientist editorial, 3 February 2001<br />P.3<br />Arilyn Maier<br />Genetically modified foods can be extremely harmful or helpful, depending on your view. Some believe that it is a major advancement in technology, while <br />others believe that it could be the “largest uncontrolled experiment in modern history.” Some believe that GMO is the “way to go,” while others believe that this is definitely not the way to go. Some believe that these GMOs will help the human race, and some believe that it will tear us apart. So which side are you on?<br />Cited Sources<br />,[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/gmo-110226124226-phpapp01/85/Gmo-1-320.jpg)
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2) Can GMOs contribute to solving problems of environmental sustainability and the scarcity of natural resources? Or, on the contrary, are they a threat to biodiversity?
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4) What information do people have about biotechnologies and GMOs? And how is the subject handled by the media?
In this study we have attempted to integrate the different perspectives to arrive at a synthetic but detailed opinion, based on the representation of the different positions compared and on the facts that compose them.Gm crops
Genetically Modified Crops presented by David Taussig December 8, 2005. The document discusses genetically modified (GM) crops, which have been altered to express desirable traits like herbicide resistance or increased nutrients. The most common method of creating GM crops uses Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria to insert genes into plant cells. Potential benefits include increased economic profits, lower food prices, and reduced environmental impacts. Potential dangers include health concerns, contamination of other crops, and difficulties containing or eradicating GM crops. The document concludes future research should continue cautiously to address safety issues while finding ways to increase global food output.
Genetically Engineered Crops and the Developing World
While genetically engineered crops were intended to help solve world hunger issues, they have failed to significantly increase yields and have instead led to increased herbicide and pesticide use. Independent studies show that GE crops do not outperform traditional breeding methods and have not contributed meaningfully to addressing food shortages. Additionally, many countries are restricting or rejecting GE crops due to labeling requirements, health concerns, and impacts on small farmers. Overall, GE technology has not lived up to expectations and more sustainable agricultural practices may be better solutions to improving global food security.
Genetical engineering
The document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and provides several key facts and figures:
1) Only four countries - the United States, Argentina, Canada, and China - grow almost 90% of the world's GM crops. The vast majority of other countries grow no GMOs.
2) Only four main crops - soy, maize, cotton, and oil-seed rape - make up over 99% of GMOs grown, with herbicide tolerance and insect resistance being the dominant traits.
3) Critics are concerned that genetic engineering may have unintended health and environmental impacts, as it allows for novel genetic combinations not possible through natural breeding.
Food and Labor
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Pros and cons of biotechnology
While industry and some scientists tout the benefits of genetically modified foods, others warn of potential health and environmental risks. The document discusses both sides of the debate over whether genetically modified crops should be grown, addressing issues such as improved crop traits, regulatory oversight, farmer experiences, and potential impacts on food security. Overall, reasonable people can disagree on this complex issue with valid arguments on both sides.
Cheska gmo
GMOs, or genetically modified organisms, are plants, animals, or microorganisms that have been genetically engineered to possess traits not found in nature. The first GMO was created in 1973 by adding a gene to E. coli bacteria. GMOs are now used to produce human proteins like insulin in bacteria, create disease-resistant or herbicide-tolerant crops, and for biomedical research using transgenic animals and plants. However, GMOs remain controversial due to concerns about potential environmental and human health impacts from gene transfer and allergic reactions. Critics argue more testing and regulation is needed while proponents believe GMOs can help feed the world.
Genetically Modified Organisms (Gmo)
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be engineered in several ways to alter plant traits. Some common applications include making crop plants resistant to herbicides, allowing farmers to spray fields without damaging crops. Corn, soybeans, and cotton in the US are often engineered for herbicide resistance. GMOs are also used to improve crop quality, increase nutrient levels, and produce pharmaceuticals and vaccines in plants. However, the ethics and impacts of GMO technology are debated, with concerns about environmental effects, corporate control of seeds and genes, and impacts on developing countries.
Genetically modified agriculture in our food chain
This document discusses genetically modified agriculture and its presence in the food chain. It begins by defining agricultural biotechnology and genetic engineering as techniques used to alter plant and animal genes. It then notes concerns about Monsanto's role as a large seed company and use of genetically modified organisms in seeds and pharmaceutical development. The document also relays reports from farmers of health issues in animals fed GM corn varieties and mysterious cow deaths in Germany linked to a GM corn variety. Toward the end, it suggests people may unknowingly consume GMOs through grocery store produce, meats and processed foods since labeling is not required in the US.
Genetically modified organisms
This document discusses genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and GM crops. It provides background on what GM crops are, including that they are plants that have been genetically engineered to express traits like herbicide tolerance or pest resistance. The document then discusses topics like the global acreage of GM crops, major GM crop producing countries, advantages and disadvantages of GM crops, food labeling policies regarding GMOs, and health and environmental risks of genetically engineered foods.
Gmo science and ethics
The document discusses several topics related to GMOs, BSE/mad cow disease, and ethics. It summarizes research showing that genes from genetically engineered crops can spread to weeds. It also discusses how the UK government misled the public about the BSE epidemic for years due to fears of public panic. Further, it notes that prion diseases exist in wild deer and elk in the US, as well as domestic elk farms, but infected animals are still used for food.
Food: a System in Crisis
This document discusses the issues with the current global food system. It describes how fast food and factory farming have transformed farming practices and the food system. It also discusses the unintended consequences of this system, including food contamination issues. Additionally, it examines the role of government subsidies in influencing the types of crops grown and the affordability of different foods.
Myths and truths of transgenic crops
This document provides an overview of transgenic crops or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It begins by defining transgenic crops as plants containing genes artificially inserted from unrelated species using recombinant DNA technology. The document then discusses the aims of genetic engineering in crops, including introducing traits like pest and disease resistance. It also summarizes the status and adoption of transgenic crops globally. The rest of the document addresses various myths and controversies around transgenic crops, providing facts and evidence to counter claims about risks to health, the environment and farmers. It concludes by noting both benefits and tensions around GMO technology but argues that advances which contribute to sustainable food security should be welcomed.
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