While words and content are the foundation of interactions and the intent of your website or app, they’re often an afterthought in UX design… However!
· The voice and appearance of content gives your design a personality and an emotional connection
· Friendly assistance — and humor — can put your user at ease
· With simple tweaks and approaches, you can give your design a human touch and voice (no more robots!)
· It's important to test content with users, just as you do your visual design (sorry, lorem ipsum!)
· Most importantly, context and audience trumps all
Ukrainian Child Rights Network was established for the purpose of consolidation of efforts and achievement of better coordination between civil society organizations in Ukraine and their influence on the state child care policy.
We present the report on the activities of the organization in 2014.
Українська Мережа за Права Дитини створена для консолідації зусиль та покращення координації між організаціями громадянського суспільства в Україні таїх впливу на державну політику у сфері забезпечення прав дитини.
Представляємо Вам звіт про діяльність організації за 2014 рік.
Since 1984, Seismic Micro-Technology, Inc. (SMT) has provided the upstream E&P industry with innovative software solutions that have changed the market’s definition for easy to use, highly integrated, cost-effective software. This presentation will explain why SMT KINGDOM remains the "Global Market Geoscience Leader".
While words and content are the foundation of interactions and the intent of your website or app, they’re often an afterthought in UX design… However!
· The voice and appearance of content gives your design a personality and an emotional connection
· Friendly assistance — and humor — can put your user at ease
· With simple tweaks and approaches, you can give your design a human touch and voice (no more robots!)
· It's important to test content with users, just as you do your visual design (sorry, lorem ipsum!)
· Most importantly, context and audience trumps all
Ukrainian Child Rights Network was established for the purpose of consolidation of efforts and achievement of better coordination between civil society organizations in Ukraine and their influence on the state child care policy.
We present the report on the activities of the organization in 2014.
Українська Мережа за Права Дитини створена для консолідації зусиль та покращення координації між організаціями громадянського суспільства в Україні таїх впливу на державну політику у сфері забезпечення прав дитини.
Представляємо Вам звіт про діяльність організації за 2014 рік.
Since 1984, Seismic Micro-Technology, Inc. (SMT) has provided the upstream E&P industry with innovative software solutions that have changed the market’s definition for easy to use, highly integrated, cost-effective software. This presentation will explain why SMT KINGDOM remains the "Global Market Geoscience Leader".
apidays LIVE Paris - Sopra Steria: path to the industrialization of sustaina...apidays
apidays LIVE Paris - Responding to the New Normal with APIs for Business, People and Society
December 8, 9 & 10, 2020
Sopra Steria: path to the industrialization of sustainable IT with Euromaster
Jérémy Sintes, Digital Transformation & Sobriety Senior Consultant & Pauline Villatte, Business Analyst at Sopra Steria
Industry 4.0: Merging Internet and FactoriesFabernovel
Industrial IoT and connected objects for factories are part of our research at FABERNOVEL OBJET, our activity dedicated to IoT.
The future of industry is at the crossroads of internet and factories. Some call it INDUSTRY 4.0 or FACTORY 4.0 in reference to the upcoming fourth industrial revolution. Governments and private companies in Germany, UK and the USA have acknowledged the importance of industrial IoT and its central role in future industrial transformation.
The adoption of Industrial Internet has both near-term and long-term impacts and will be characterized by the emergence of new models such as the “Outcome Economy” and the “Autonomous, Pull Economy”.
We believe that INDUSTRY 4.0 is a growth opportunity for industrial companies, and have decrypted this very phenomenon in the following presentation.
The Industrial Data Space aims at establishing a virtual data space in which partners in business ecosystems can securely exchange and easily link their data assets. The presentation puts the Industrial Data Space in the context of recent developments in the area of Smart Service Welt and Industrie 4.0 and sketches a reference architecture model and functional software components. Furthermore, the presentation introduces the Industrial Data Space Association which institutionalizes the user requirements and drives standardization. The presentation was given at the Industry 4.0 session at MACH 2016 on April 14, 2016, in Birmingham, UK.
Industrial Data Space: Digital Sovereignty for Industry 4.0 and Smart ServicesBoris Otto
The presentation takes a look on the digitization of the industrial enterprise, linking Industry 4.0 and Smart Service activities. It points out the crucial role of data for future business success and positions the Industrial Data Space as a collaborative approach to securely exchange and easily link data within business ecosystems. The presentation was given at the Manufacturing Analytics workshop organized by the Insitute of Manufacturing at the University of Cambridge on February 1st, 2016.
2020 vision - the journey from research lab to real-world productKTN
This presentation, delivered by Jag Minhas, CEO and Founder, Sensing Feeling, was the first presentation of the Implementing AI: Vision Systems Webinar.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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2
Agenda
1. Introduction
2. Overview of technical information
3. Claims about Power Utilisation Effectiveness (PUE)
4. What does PUE mean to the end user?
5. Efficiency versus data centre reliability
6. The risks involved in achieving a low PUE
7. Conclusion
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1. Introduction
3
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Derek Allen, Group Operations Director
30 years' industry experience
working for companies including
Cable & Wireless, UBS and BT
13 years in the data centre industry
Extensive knowledge from operating
large scale data centres
Focus on ensuring best-in-class
operating procedures across global
footprints
1978
2000
2002
2008
2012
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Leading Large Scale Carrier Neutral Data Centre Owner,
Operator and Developer Europe and Asia-Pacific
Founded in 1998
Global Switch owns and operates its
data centre properties
Around 3,100,000 sq ft of gross space
Nine data centres across seven
markets located in Tier 1 city centres
close to business, communications and
internet hubs
Network dense environments with low
latency
Better than 99.999% uptime
Market leading track record
Company asset value of £3.8bn as at
31 March 2013
Internationally renowned customer
base
Financially strong
Committed to ISO 9001, 14001, 18001,
27001
5
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What Happens in an Internet Minute?
Source: Intel
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2. Overview of Technical Information
7
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Data Centre Efficiency Metrics
CUE
Carbon usage effectiveness
DciE
IT equipment power / Total facility power x 100 %
DCcE
Data centre compute efficiency
DPPE
Data centre performance per energy
CADE
Facility efficiency (FE) x Asset Efficiency (AE)
PUE
Total energy usage / IT energy usage
pPUE
Total energy within a boundary / IT equipment within that boundary
FVER
Fixed to variable energy ratio
= 1+ fixed energy / variable energy
ERE
Total energy usage- reused energy / IT energy
WUE
Water usage / IT energy
EUE
Total facility energy consumption / exchange equipment
RUE and RUiE
Rack unit effectiveness
Data Centre
Efficiency
Metrics
Data centre Alliance- Carbon Production Measurement
Amount of IT equipment
used, in standard units
kWh electricity
used per unit
x x Energy overhead
of data centres
x
Carbon emissions
of electricity
source(s)
PPW
Performance per Watt
CLF
Cooling load factor
PLF
Power load factor
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Data Centre Efficiency Metrics
EPR
Electricity production rate
(for combined heat and power systems)
DCP
Data centre productivity
COP
Coefficient of performance
SPECpower
Data Centre
Efficiency
Metrics
Data Centre Carbon Emission
Carbon Footprint
DCEP
Data centre energy productivity
DCEP
Data centre energy productivity
Mips/W
Mega instructions per second per watt
ITEU
(IT equipment utilisation)
ITEE
(IT equipment energy efficiency)
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PUE=
10
Data Centre Efficacy Metrics
Calculations
Electric Energy *1.0 + Chilled Water Energy * 0.4
PUE=
IT Equipment Energy * 1.0
Total Facility Energy
IT Equipment Energy
PUE=
EITS –ECRAC – EUPS – ELV +ENet1
ESIS+ETIS+ETX+EHV+ELV+EF
PUE is now recognised as one of the leading measures for data centre comparisons
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PUE Reporting Styles
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PUE Reporting Styles
PUE
One of the objectives of this presentation is to make a case for creating an
industry PUE reporting standard calibrated for real use (that gives an axis to the graphs)
value
Time (10 years)
1000
0 0
4
PUE
Time (1 year)
value
DCIM
Time ( 1 year)
value
0
4
4
0
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PUE Subcomponents
IT Load
Compute
Devices
Network
Devices
IT Support
Systems
Telecoms
Storage
PUE =
Total Facility Energy
IT Equipment Energy
Facility Load
Building
Management
Office Lights
HVAC
Fire and
Security
Power
Infrastructure
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The Efficiency Challenge
POWER IN MW (106)
LIGHT OUT mW (10-3)
Transformers
Suites
Cooling
Heat
rejection
Generators/DRUPS
Data
LightInfrastructurePower
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End User Survey – 2013
We asked a select group of end users
a series of questions around PUE
and the metrics that
are important to them
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End User Survey –2013
PUE Cat 0: IT load measured at UPS output(s). Total dc power measured
at the utility meters. Peak utilisation/demand in a single snapshot
measurement
PUE Cat 1: IT load measured at UPS output(s). Total dc power measured
at the utility meters. 12-month cumulative readings
PUE Cat 2: IT load measured at electrical distribution panels supporting IT
loads. Total data centre power measured at the utility meters. Peak
Utilization/demand in a single snapshot measurement
PUE Cat 3: IT Load measured at the point of connection of IT devices to
electrical system. Total dc power measured at the utility meters. 12 month
cumulative reading
Use an alternative local method for measuring PUE
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Which method do you use to
calculate PUE?
7%
14%
17%
21%
17%
24%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
PUE Cat 0: PUE Cat 1: PUE Cat 2: PUE Cat 3: Alternative local method for
measuring PUE
Other
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
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3. Claims about PUE
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Who is your audience?
Design/Technical
At what load/what resilience/part load efficiency?
Tier I (N)
Tier II (N+1)
Tier III (N+1) – concurrently maintainable
Tier IV 2(N+1) – Fault tolerant, not just N+N
Marketing
Hyped up messaging
Populated entirely with sound-bites
Operations/Procurement
Metered or Calculated?
Is this daily, monthly, annual, average?
Is the Tier level as per Uptime Institute (to standard)?
We must test the sources of data
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Traditional or Modular?
Modular data centres “more affordable”?
Extract from Networking (October 2013)
.... “ the actual cost of deploying a modular data centre solution
is around 13 % less than the build of a traditional data centre of
similar capacity. The study compared all associated costs of
both approaches, and also found that in many cases the
greater density and more efficient use of space means that
modular facilities are able to achieve significantly better PUE. “
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Where are you measuring your PUE?
16
kW
57, 000
kW
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IT Loads v Plant
Mature Data Centre New IT Mature Plant Poor PUE
Mature Data Centre New IT New Plant
Average to Good
PUE
Mature Data Centre Old IT Mature Plant
Average to Good
PUE
New Data Centre New IT New Plant
Average to Good
PUE
New Data Centre New IT Mature Plant (!) PUE?
New Data Centre Old IT New Plant
Outstanding PUE
(Unbelievably
good!)
Test Reality of PUE at Real Site
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4. What does PUE mean to the end user?
23
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What does PUE mean to you?
88%
44%
6%
59%
50%
25%
3%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
How efficiently your
Data Centre
operates
How much power is
used by IT
equipment
Industry guide that
is used for Total
Cost of Occupancy
purposes
Ratio of IT power to
Data Centre facility
power
Means to calculate
Carbon Reduction
Commitment (CRC)
tax liability
Efficiency of the
Data Centre
infrastructure plant
items
Data Centre
infrastructure
efficiency (DCie)
Not a meaningful
metric
Other
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
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How do you believe a lower PUE will
impact your business?
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
86%
83%
31%
35%
10% 10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Save energy Save money Deploy more IT
equipment
Improve propositions
to Executives /
Finance Director
Demonstrate buying
power in market
Other
Impact on Business
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Which PUE measurement is
important to you?
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
29%
50%
54%
14%
57%
25%
39%
0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Design
expectation
Full load Part load Instantaneous Monthly average Seasonal
average
Annual average Other
PUE Measurement
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27
What has your organisation done in
2013 to improve its PUE rating?
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
39%
64%
61%
32%
54%
11%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Improved data
collection
Optimised
infrastructure
Introduced energy
savings
Changed operating
parameters
Changed IT
hardware
Other
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Do you know the PUE average of your
data centres?
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
YES NO
45% 55%
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5. Efficiency Versus Data Centre Reliability
29
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Speed versus Reliability and Efficiency
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Processing Efficiency
Physical Infrastructure
Power
Cooling
Lighting
Physical security
Fire protection
Uniform classification of power-consuming subsystems is
essential for benchmarking data centre efficiency
IT Load
Servers
Storage
Networking
Power IN IT Watts Mips/W
PUE =
Watts IN
IT Watts
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32
Uptime v PUE
IT LOADS
TransformersHeat
Rejection
TransformersDX CRAC
TransformersFan Wall
TransformersFresh air
systems
TransformersAdiabatic
Coolers
TransformersHV
TransformersTransformers
Transformers
Air
Containment
- CAC
- HAC
TransformersUPS /
DRUPS
TransformersRefrigeration TransformersCRAC
Units
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Plant Efficiency at Part Load
20% 100%75%
Load
Peak Design Load
Efficiency
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Data centre losses
SIMPLEDATACENTRE
HV
input
HEAT
HEAT
CRACS CHILLED WATER CHILLERS
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
HEAT
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
CRACS CHILLED WATER CHILLERS
CRACS CHILLED WATER CHILLERS
Electrical
energy
converted
to heat
HEAT HEAT
HEAT
HEAT HEAT HEAT
RESILIENTDATA
CENTRE
IT LOAD
Electrical
energy
converted
to heat
HV
input
HV
input
HV
input
TY
Switch
gear
switch
UPS
Switch gear
switch
TY UPS
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6. The risks involved in achieving a low PUE
35
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Risks of achieving a low PUE
When end users simply focus on reducing PUE, it can
be counter- productive
Example data centre – simple maths
Input power of 100 kW; 50kW of which is being used
to power IT equipment; Average PUE 2.0
The IT department decide to virtualize servers
IT power is reduced by 50%, i.e. 25 kW
A likely input power could be 75kW so PUE
becomes 3.0
The compute capacity is the same – infrastructure
plant remains
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Are you aware of ISO 50001?
Source: Global Switch End User PUE Survey 2013
YES NO
32% 68%
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Data centre design objectives
LEED , NABERS and
BREEAM accreditations
Provide best in class space
utilisation in terms of gross to
net technical space
Offer a scalable environment
for end users with flexible
densities across the facility in
accordance with ASHRAE TC
9.9 standards
Minimised waste heat, so low
PUE
Incorporate green concepts
that support local communities
38
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PUE is about Continuous Improvement
Data Centre DesignMonitoring & Reporting
Operation has to be committed
to energy efficiency, reducing
carbon emissions and
investigating green energy
solutions
Commitment to developing
sustainable data centres
Latest innovations applied in
design
HV transformers placed close to IT load
Reduce low voltage distribution losses
Purchase at highest possible voltage
Design transformer for maximum
efficiency
Outside air cooling, where
available
Increasing to ASHRAE ‘in-suite’
temperature and humidity
parameters to improve energy use
Flexible load matching features
Constant monitoring of
temperature and humidity
systems
Work closely with end users to
continually improve energy
efficiency
Organisation
PowerCooling
Always Green
39
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ISO 30134-2
Information technology- Data Centres- Key Performance
Indicators - Part 2: Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)
Under development
Defines the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of a data centre
Introduces PUE measurement categories
Describes the relationship of PUE to a data centres infrastructure, IT
equipment and IT operations
Defines the measurement, the calculation and reporting of the PUE
Provides information on the correct interpretation of the PUE
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7. Conclusion
41
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Data Centre Efficiency
“A Brave New World”
PUE
ISO Standard ISO
30134
Space Efficiency Ratios
Tier Rating and Uptime
%
Power Costs per Unit
£, $ or €
Rental Cost
Scale: Efficiency of
Plant
The objective of this presentation was to make a case for creating number of
metrics including an industry PUE standard associated to real use
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Psychrometric Chart
Normal Temperatures
Barometric Pressures 1013.25 mbar
-10
-5
0
10
15
20
25
30
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.029
0.030
Dry Bulb Temperature (°C)
0.75
0.85
0.80
Relative Humidity (% rH )
Red Area- ASHRAE Allowable
Blue Area – ASHRAE Recommended
0.90
Traditional data centre standard
5
43
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Psychrometric Chart
Normal Temperatures
Barometric Pressures 1013.25 mbar
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.011
0.012
0.013
0.014
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.023
0.024
0.025
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.029
0.030
Red Area- ASHRAE Allowable
Blue Area – ASHRAE Recommended
Traditional data centre standard
44
% Load / Design
Occupancy%
ClimateHot / Humid Cool / Dry