Global supply chain management involves coordinating activities across countries. A global supply chain connects organizations worldwide to source materials and produce goods for customers. Managing such a complex network introduces challenges like long distances, currency fluctuations, and differing business environments. However, companies also benefit from expanded markets, lower costs, and competitive advantages. To operate efficiently, firms must integrate worldwide operations and have the agility to respond to various global factors. For example, a large computer company redesigned its supply chain from 33 plants across many countries to 12 plants within 3 regional zones, reducing costs and improving profits.
the presentation is about managing coordination between the supply chains for fast movement of resources.factors affecting the coordiantion in supply chain.
the presentation is about managing coordination between the supply chains for fast movement of resources.factors affecting the coordiantion in supply chain.
In this presentation, we will discuss about world class manufacturing focusing on customer based principals, global markets, achieving world class, global competition reality, importance of automation in production and operations. We will also talk about global competitiveness, competitive priorities of manufacturing, recent trends, various attributes of excellent companies, overview on various world class suppliers, buyers, manufacturers. Present scenario of global business conditions, performance of world class manufacturers, world class service delivery and customer focused principals will also be discussed.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Supply Chain & Logistics Basics: The Automotive Supply ChainAngela Carver
Despite the economic downturn, the U.S. automotive supply chain has seen significant growth. Sales volume increased from 10 million to 15.6 million units between 2009 and 2013. These unit increases can be associated not only to improvements in economy, but solid efforts to implement industry best practices to solve supply chain challenges. Some of the top challenges faced by the automotive supply chain include inability to adapt to fluctuations in demand due to capacity constraints, financial constraints due to lack of liquidity, supply chain complexity increases with the globalization of the supply chain, qualified labor shortages and lack of information visibility with legacy technologies. Outdated supplier technology is present most often in tier 2 suppliers such as metal stampers and die casters. Lack of production management systems causes significant delays for OEMs and downstream supply chain partners.
According to the Global Supply Chain Survey 2013 automotive industry leaders plan to focus on both continuous improvement efforts relating to production efficiency and inventory management. Focusing on improving these areas can help to reduce costs and increase supplier collaboration. The top four areas of focus identified in this study were cost minimization, delivery performance, volume flexibility and complexity management. This is where industry best practices come into play. To address these issues automotive supply chain operators are implementing EDI/ASN to more effectively manage inbound shipment schedules and facility staffing. The information gleaned from this change allows these businesses to be proactive rather than reactive. Supply chain managers are also implementing documentation management protocols in order to comply with regulations and improve recall execution. In response to omni-channel retailing the automotive supply chain is also now aggregating orders into once centralized location such as a warehouse management system (WMS). This provides fulfillment centers with a more holistic view of inventory data. With this more accurate view of data, supply chain operations can also reduce on-hand inventory and focus on a just-in-time (JIT) replenishment strategy. This helps to reduce costs creating savings that can be passed on to customers. Transportation routing and other analytics are also being used to make data more accessible to all key supply chain players, including customers. To access more valuable automotive supply chain resources contact Datex experts today at www.datexcorp.com or marketing@datexcorp.com or call 800.933.2839 ext 243.
Transportation is the movement of products from one node in the distribution channel to another.
Types of transportation are explained in detail in the presentation
JUST-IN-TIME/JIT is an approach which seeks to eliminate all sources of waste, anything which doesn’t add value in production activities, by providing the right part at the right place at the right time .
Consumers making product & brand choices are increasingly turning to computer-mediated communication for information on which to base their decisions. Besides perusing advertising & corporate websites, consumers are using newsgroup, chat rooms, email & other online formats to share ideas, build communities & contact fellow consumers who are seen as more objective information source.
Marketing researchers use a variety of methods to study consumers. NETNOGRAPHY is one such qualitative & explorative research approach to analyse the consumer dialogue in online communities in order to gain unbiased consumer insights. These consumer insights in turn are converted into solutions. If these solutions are implemented in the product or service , it can capture lot of market.
My seminar focuses on research methodology tool , Netnography, the procedure to conduct Netnograhy online along with the example of Apple i-pod nano, the various online solutions which do this Netnography survey along with the case of Listerine and finally the review of netnography, its scope and limitations , conclusion and the ethical considerations to use this tool to survey online communities.
Impact of globalization on organizational behaviourRaj Shravanthi
One of the other major environmental context impacting organizational behavior is globalization.
Today, well-known U.S.-based multinational corporations have more than half their assets overseas.
With trends toward similar clothes, entertainment, material possessions, and recognition that English is the international business language, people around the world still think and behave in different ways.
The starting point of how the globalization environment affects and is affected by organizational behavior is culture.
Benchmarking is needed to achieve the business and competitive objectives and essentially involves imitating the performance of best in class organizations/ processes. It is time and cost saving as there is no reinventing the wheel
Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) is a set of techniques, axioms and beliefs, that adherents use primarily as an approach to personal development. NLP was influenced by the ideas of the New Age era as well as beliefs in human potential.
It should come as no surprise that humans are emotional creatures. Marketers have long recognized the fact that emotions play a key role when consumers are talking about or purchasing products in categories as disparate as those represented by brands. Over the past decade, emotional branding has emerged as a highly influential brand management paradigm. Among marketing practitioners, this relational, communal, participatory, sensory, and emotive view of consumer– brand relationships is increasingly heralded as a central pillar of market differentiation and sustainable competitive advantage. Emotional connections are universally important, and managing those emotional bonds pays off handsomely. Some companies are very good at creating emotional connections with their customers. Most, however, are not. Companies that is successful at creating emotional connections benefit from stronger results, not only in cash flow and profit, but in market share. Emotional connections aren’t static. They ebb and flow and the results can affect a company’s long-term business success.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. What is a Supply Chain?
• Supply chains are linkages of
partially discrete, yet
interdependent entities that
collectively transform raw
materials into finished products.
• Supply chains connect the
functions of inbound activities
(such as purchasing) with
outbound activities (such as
logistics and “place” activities).
3. What is Global Supply Chain?
• A global supply chain is made up of the interrelated
organizations, resources, and processes that create and
deliver products and services to end customers. In the
instance of global supply chains, it is extended around
the world
• Any company that uses parts and services from another
factory overseas faces issues with global supply chain
management
4. Belfast
Carburetors and
distributors
Treforest
Spark plug
insulators
Leamington
Foundry production
of engine
components
Dagenham
Final assembly
Bordeaux
Transmissions
Enfield
Instruments, fuel
and water
gauges, plugs
Basildon
Radiators, water
pump assembly,
engine components
Genk Body
panels, road
wheels
Wülfrath
Transmission
parts, engine
components
Saarlouis
Final assembly
Cologne Die-cast
transaxle casings,
gear and engine
components
Valencia Final
assembly
Ford Example
5. Forces Driving Globalization
• Global Market Forces
• Technological Forces
• Global Cost Forces
• Political and Economic Forces
6. Global Market Forces
• Foreign competition in local markets
• Growth in foreign demand
– Domestic consumption from 40% to <30% of world
consumption since 1970
– Foreign sales fuel growth
• Global presence as a defensive tool
– Nestle’s and Kellogg’s
• Presence in state-of-the-art markets
– Japan -- consumer electronics
– Germany -- machine tools
– US: Sport Utility Vehicle’s
7. Technological Forces
• Diffusion of knowledge
– Many high tech components developed overseas
– Need close relationships with foreign suppliers
– For example, Canon has 80% of laser engines
• Technology sharing/collaborations
– Access to technology/markets
• Global location of R&D facilities
– Close to production (as cycles get shorter)
– Close to expertise (Indian programmers?)
8. Global Cost Forces
• Low labor cost
– Diminishing importance (Costs underestimated, benefits
overestimated)
• Other cost priorities
– Integrated supplier infrastructure (as suppliers become
more involved in design)
– Skilled labor
• Capital intensive facilities
– tax breaks
– joint ventures
– price breaks
– cost sharing
9. Political and Economic Forces
• Exchange rate fluctuations and operating
flexibility
• Regional trade agreements (Europe, North
America, Pacific Rim)
– Value of being in a country in one of these regions
– Implications for supply network design
– Reevaluation of foreign facilities (Production
processes designed to avoid tariffs)
10. Political and Economic Forces
• Trade protection mechanisms
– Tariffs
– Quotas
– Voluntary export restrictions
• Japanese automakers in US
– Local content requirements
• TI/Intel factories in Europe
• Japanese automakers in the EU
– Health/environmental regulations
• Japanese refused to import US skis for many years (different snow)
– Government procurement policies
• Up to 50% advantage for American companies on US Defense contracts
13. Global Supply Chain System Components
International distribution systems :
– Manufacturing(domestically), Distribution (overseas)
International suppliers :
– Raw materials and Components(foreign suppliers), Final assembly/
Manufacturing(domestically)
Offshore manufacturing :
– Product is sourced & manufactured in a single foreign location,
– Shipped back to domestic warehouses for sale and distribution.
Fully integrated global supply chain :
– Products are supplied, manufactured and distributed from factories
located throughout the world
– In a truly global supply chain, it may appear that the supply chain was
designed without regard to national boundaries.
– The true value of a global supply chain is realized by taking advantage of
these national boundaries
14. Types of International
Sourcing Strategy
Domestic In-House Sourcing
Domestic
Offshore Subsidiary Sourcing
International
Intra-Firm Sourcing
Domestic Purchasing Arrangement
Domestic
Offshore Outsourcing
International
Outsourcing
Sourcing
A company procures
major components in-
house by procuring them
domestically
A company procures
major components from
its foreign subsidiary
A company buys major
components from
independent suppliers at
home
A company buys major
components from
independent suppliers
internationally
Source: Kotabe (2000)
15. Competencies Needed for Efficient
Global SCM
Positioning The selection of strategic and
structural approaches to guide
global operations
Integration The establishment of what to do and
how to do it creatively
Agility The achievement and retention of
global competitiveness and global
customer success
Measurement The internal and external
monitoring of global operations
Source: Michigan State University (1995)
16. Global SCM Factors
• Costs
– Local labor rates
– International freight tariffs
– Currency exchange rates
• Customs Duty
– Duty rates differ by commodity and level of assembly
– Impact of GATT/WTO: Changes over time
Source: Global Supply Chain Associates (GSCA) 1999
17. Global SCM
Factors Continued
• Export Regulations
• Denied parties list
• Export licenses
• Time
• Lead time
• Cycle time
• Transit time
• Export license approval cycle
• Customs clearance
18. Global SCM
Factors Continued
• Taxes on Corporate Income
– Different markups by country
– Make vs. buy effect
• Offset Trade and Local Content
– Local content requirement for government purchases
– Content for preferential duty rates
19. 1. Substantial geographical distances
2. Forecasting problems/difficulties in foreign markets
3. Fluctuations in exchange rates for different currencies
4. Demand for great variety of products
5. Inadequate infrastructures such as
labor skills,
availability of supply
Supplier quality
Lack of local process equipments and technologies
Inadequate transportation facilities and
Inadequate telecommunication facilities
Areas to be considered while moving from domestic to
International supply chain
20. Advantages
• The main reason for any business to exist is to increase sales and
profits.
• When you go global, then the likelihood of increasing sales goes up as
you open up your market to consumers all over the world.
• This allows businesses to reduce dependence on their local and
national economies.
• With the number of Internet users on the rise, global businesses are
able to do business at all hours of the day with consumers from every
point on the globe.
• The potential for expansion for businesses increase as they enter into
more markets.
• Lower supply chain costs , reduced cycle time & Enhance speed and
efficiency
• Competitive advantage
• Untapped markets
21. Disadvantages
• Heavy investment of time, money, and resources needed to implement and
overlook the supply chain.
• Inefficient and undersized transportation and distribution systems
• Market instability
• Integrating the supply chain and choosing the correct suppliers is much more
difficult than one can imagine.
• Not only do companies have to strongly consider price and quality, but they
also have to make sure that all the organizations are willing to cooperate to
benefit the group.
• Managerial styles, objectives, and goals must have a strategic fit between all
companies involved and power must be evenly distributed throughout the
supply chain.
22. • When entering the global market, businesses need to be aware that
the gains may not be seen in the short term.
• It may be many years before they start reaping the rewards of their
efforts.
• Hire additional staff to help launch their companies in the global
markets they expand into.
• Companies usually have to modify their products and packaging to
suit the local culture, preferences and language of the new market.
• Travel expenses are sure to increase for the administrative staff, as
(travel all over the world to oversee their business outlets)
23. Global SCM Example :
Large Computer Company
• Goals
– Reduce cost
– Improve ROA
– Simplify the worldwide supply chain
Source: Global Supply Chain Associates (GSCA) 1999
24. Objectives
• Redesign the entire worldwide supply chain
• Determine how many plants and where they should
be located
• Determine what process technologies should be in
each plant
• Specify the loading on each plant and the service
area
25. Global Supply Chain Structure Before
Reorganization
Source: Global Supply Chain Associates (GSCA) 1999
26. Redesigned
Global Supply Chain
• Recommended plant closings and re-tooling
• Reduced number of facilities from 33 plants to 12 plants
• Created three relatively self-contained customer-oriented
supply zones: Americas, Europe, Pacific Rim
• Estimated benefits:
– Reduced manufacturing / logistics cost by $375 Mil. annually
– Improved Corporate ROA by 3.2 points
Source: Global Supply Chain Associates (GSCA) 1999
27. Global Supply Chain Structure After
Reorganization
Source: Global Supply Chain Associates (GSCA) 1999