The document discusses the return of the Cold War dynamic between the US and Africa in the context of the War on Terror. It argues that just as the Cold War led the US to label any nationalist leader in Africa as communist, the War on Terror is defining US relations with Africa and undermining democracy by supporting dictatorial regimes. The US is spending vast amounts on military programs in Africa while relatively little on development. African leaders must provide a strategic response and speak up about this, emphasizing that political solutions rather than military ones are needed to address the roots of terror.
Heritage Foundation Report: 40 years of terror trendGiuliano Tavaroli
Between 1969 and 2009:
- There were 38,345 terrorist incidents worldwide, with 7.8% (2,981) directed at the United States.
- Nearly 5,600 people lost their lives and over 16,300 were injured in attacks on the US.
- Terrorism against the US accounted for a disproportionate amount of attacks on military (43%), diplomatic (28.4%), and business (24.2%) targets.
This document is a senior thesis presented by Elijah Villapiano to Dr. Sylvia Presto at New Jersey City University in fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Science degree in National Security Studies. The thesis examines failed nation states and the importance of political security for ensuring human security. It acknowledges those who helped the author in preparing the thesis. The abstract provides a summary of the work, which focuses on the role of non-state actors in undermining governance in Near Eastern territories and the dangers of legitimizing non-state actors as governing authorities. The author expresses their purpose is to study conflicts to impact decision making as a member of the U.S. Air Force.
Terrorism a new challenge to nigeria`s stability in the 21st centuryAlexander Decker
Terrorism poses challenges for defining the concept. Historically, terrorism dates back to organized human interactions and was used as a tool to achieve political and religious goals starting in the French Revolution. In the 20th century, terrorism shifted to opposition groups challenging existing authorities. Nigeria now faces threats from terrorism, as evidenced by Boko Haram's insurgency in northern Nigeria adopting tactics similar to global terrorist groups. The paper aims to examine the impact, origins, scale and threats of terrorism on Nigeria's stability in the 21st century.
South Asia faces significant challenges from terrorism. The region is home to over 1.5 billion people and has a history of conflict and disputes between countries. It also has two nuclear powers in India and Pakistan and is strategically important given its location between Central Asia, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. However, it also struggles with poverty, weak governance, and militant groups operating in countries like Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Addressing the social and economic factors that contribute to radicalization will be important to reducing the threat of terrorism in South Asia.
The Global Terrorism Index report analyzes trends in terrorism over the past 14 years. In 2013, deaths from terrorism significantly increased to over 17,000, with four terrorist groups (ISIL, Boko Haram, Taliban, al-Qa'ida) claiming 66% of deaths. Religious extremism based on interpretations of Wahhabi Islam motivates many groups, though political and separatist movements also use terrorism. Countries with high terrorism experience social divisions, state violence, and other forms of violence more than economic factors like poverty. The report identifies 13 countries at risk of substantial future increases in terrorism. Past successes against terrorism have involved policing or political processes more than military engagement alone.
This document examines the threat of violent Islamic extremism in the United States. It aims to evaluate fears about this threat, understand pathways to radicalization, and determine if there is a connection between Islam and jihadist beliefs. The author reviews literature on definitions of terrorism and radicalization. Studies show domestic terrorist attacks and plots have increased since 9/11, though the number of deaths is lower than other forms of political violence. There is debate around how to define and understand the radicalization process, with disagreement on whether there are clear pathways or if it is a complex, individual process influenced by ideology and happenstance. More research is needed to fully understand radicalization.
The document discusses the return of the Cold War dynamic between the US and Africa in the context of the War on Terror. It argues that just as the Cold War led the US to label any nationalist leader in Africa as communist, the War on Terror is defining US relations with Africa and undermining democracy by supporting dictatorial regimes. The US is spending vast amounts on military programs in Africa while relatively little on development. African leaders must provide a strategic response and speak up about this, emphasizing that political solutions rather than military ones are needed to address the roots of terror.
Heritage Foundation Report: 40 years of terror trendGiuliano Tavaroli
Between 1969 and 2009:
- There were 38,345 terrorist incidents worldwide, with 7.8% (2,981) directed at the United States.
- Nearly 5,600 people lost their lives and over 16,300 were injured in attacks on the US.
- Terrorism against the US accounted for a disproportionate amount of attacks on military (43%), diplomatic (28.4%), and business (24.2%) targets.
This document is a senior thesis presented by Elijah Villapiano to Dr. Sylvia Presto at New Jersey City University in fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Science degree in National Security Studies. The thesis examines failed nation states and the importance of political security for ensuring human security. It acknowledges those who helped the author in preparing the thesis. The abstract provides a summary of the work, which focuses on the role of non-state actors in undermining governance in Near Eastern territories and the dangers of legitimizing non-state actors as governing authorities. The author expresses their purpose is to study conflicts to impact decision making as a member of the U.S. Air Force.
Terrorism a new challenge to nigeria`s stability in the 21st centuryAlexander Decker
Terrorism poses challenges for defining the concept. Historically, terrorism dates back to organized human interactions and was used as a tool to achieve political and religious goals starting in the French Revolution. In the 20th century, terrorism shifted to opposition groups challenging existing authorities. Nigeria now faces threats from terrorism, as evidenced by Boko Haram's insurgency in northern Nigeria adopting tactics similar to global terrorist groups. The paper aims to examine the impact, origins, scale and threats of terrorism on Nigeria's stability in the 21st century.
South Asia faces significant challenges from terrorism. The region is home to over 1.5 billion people and has a history of conflict and disputes between countries. It also has two nuclear powers in India and Pakistan and is strategically important given its location between Central Asia, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. However, it also struggles with poverty, weak governance, and militant groups operating in countries like Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Addressing the social and economic factors that contribute to radicalization will be important to reducing the threat of terrorism in South Asia.
The Global Terrorism Index report analyzes trends in terrorism over the past 14 years. In 2013, deaths from terrorism significantly increased to over 17,000, with four terrorist groups (ISIL, Boko Haram, Taliban, al-Qa'ida) claiming 66% of deaths. Religious extremism based on interpretations of Wahhabi Islam motivates many groups, though political and separatist movements also use terrorism. Countries with high terrorism experience social divisions, state violence, and other forms of violence more than economic factors like poverty. The report identifies 13 countries at risk of substantial future increases in terrorism. Past successes against terrorism have involved policing or political processes more than military engagement alone.
This document examines the threat of violent Islamic extremism in the United States. It aims to evaluate fears about this threat, understand pathways to radicalization, and determine if there is a connection between Islam and jihadist beliefs. The author reviews literature on definitions of terrorism and radicalization. Studies show domestic terrorist attacks and plots have increased since 9/11, though the number of deaths is lower than other forms of political violence. There is debate around how to define and understand the radicalization process, with disagreement on whether there are clear pathways or if it is a complex, individual process influenced by ideology and happenstance. More research is needed to fully understand radicalization.
The document discusses political violence and its various forms such as war, genocide, human rights violations, torture, police brutality, and brutality by armed forces. It provides examples like the Holocaust, Abu Ghraib torture, and accusations against India's armed forces. Political violence has significant short and long term effects on societies like physical/psychological trauma, financial losses, migration, and prolonged social division. The document also discusses two case studies: the 2002 Godhra riots in India and the ongoing Arab uprisings that began in 2010 in response to authoritarianism and other grievances.
We must avoid the temptation to engage in simplistic assumptions and/or consequent conclusions that what Islam is in the text is what the religion is in different contexts of Muslim societies across the contemporary world. It is however arguable to say that the greater issue confronting the Islamic world today is that of violent extremism or terrorism. The latter, which has variously been described as “Islamic Jihadist” movement, has enjoyed much popularity for improving cross-cultural dialogue across the world but notoriety for its promotion of violence. Represented in the West African sub-region by the Boko Haram group, the activities of these so-called Islamic movements have equally raised questions about original teachings of Islam – the precepts and principles established by Prophet Muhammad for interreligious dialogue and perhaps most importantly the position of Islam on freedom of, in and within religion. This presentation explores and engages the dialectics in these perspectives, rereads factors for the incidence of violent extremism in the West African sub-region and offer suggestions by which the region could achieve greater intercultural and interreligious rapprochement, through the exploration of intra-Islamic peace-building strategies and instruments.
The Arab Spring from a Counter-Terrorism PerspectivePLETZ.com -
This document summarizes a presentation on the Arab Spring and counter-terrorism given by Dr. Boaz Ganor. In 3 sentences:
Dr. Ganor argues that there is a war within Islam between radical Islamic culture and the rest of the world, including most Muslims. He warns that Islamist groups are gaining power and influence across the Middle East, strengthening the Iranian axis. The West should establish an economic support program similar to the Marshall Plan to help pragmatic regimes in the region and promote moderate interpretations of Islam.
The document discusses global extremism and terrorism from the perspective of the Muslim world. It provides definitions of extremism and terrorism, examines their root causes such as misinterpretation of religious texts and oppression. It analyzes the portrayal of terrorism in Western media and the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks. The document argues that extremism cannot be eliminated through force alone and that the underlying social and political factors fueling extremism must be addressed.
The Fearsome Grip of Terrorism (Causes and Solutions)Karan Khanna
Here is a presentation to give an idea of the current scenario of terrorism, its causes and certain solutions to fight it.Hope that I can successfully express my views on the topic.
This document discusses definitions and types of terrorism as well as profiles of terrorists and how they are recruited. It examines similarities between terrorist groups and cults, and explores psychological theories for why people engage in terrorist behavior, such as groupthink, social learning of aggression, and moral disengagement. Media coverage of terrorism is also discussed as terrorists seek attention, while government terror warnings may increase presidential approval ratings due to social identity and halo effects.
The root cause of terrorism and its solutionDabeer Nastar
Once people obtain peace, it opens opportunities to strive for ideals and attain justice constructively. The root cause of terrorism is an ideology of violence that must be countered with an ideology of peace based on Islam's original sources. The Prophet Muhammad's example of accepting all conditions in the Treaty of Hudaybiyya without violence gave his followers time to consolidate peacefully. This shows that Islam's method is completely peaceful.
Jackson & howe the graying of the great powers. demography and geopolitics ...Luis Landaeta
The developed world is facing an unprecedented demographic transformation driven by falling fertility rates and rising longevity. By 2050, over a quarter of populations in developed countries will be elderly, compared to just 3-4% throughout most of history. Working age populations will stagnate or decline, shrinking economies. Japan and some European countries could lose nearly half their total populations by 2100. This aging transformation will have significant strategic, economic, and social consequences for developed nations' ability to maintain security.
Indigenous and transnational terrorism pose threats to security across Asia. Factors like poor governance, corruption, ethnic and religious divisions have led to movements like Maoism in India and Balochi persecution in Pakistan. Additionally, some states support terror groups in other countries as instruments of policy, like Pakistan's support of groups in Kashmir and Afghanistan. Across Southeast, South, and Central Asia, diverse ethnicities, insurgencies, organized crime, and porous borders challenge stability and security. Terrorist groups have used conflict areas as safe havens. Secessionist movements also undermine stability, like in Kashmir and Sri Lanka. The Afghanistan-Pakistan region remains unstable, impacting the whole region. Central Asia faces external pressures
The 2014 Global Terrorism Index video provides a snapshot of the state of terrorism around the world: which countries are most impacted, who are the biggest terrorist organisations and what drives terrorism? Get the facts in under 2 minutes.
This document discusses globalized terrorism from two perspectives: 1) State terrorism practiced by major Western powers like the US to control natural resources and markets in other countries. This has led to wars, dictatorships, and sponsorship of terror. 2) Terrorism by organizations reacting to Western imperialism in places like the Middle East against military occupations. It argues the US and allies are responsible for social and economic ruin worldwide and instigate conflicts for their interests. According to philosopher Thomas Hobbes, the current international situation resembles a "state of nature" without common laws, where all states act in self-interest through force. To end this state and global wars/bloodshed, the document argues for establishing a democratic world government representing all peoples
This report analyzes global terrorism trends from 2000-2014 using data from the Global Terrorism Database. Some key findings:
- Deaths from terrorism increased 80% from 2013-2014, the largest yearly increase in 15 years. Total deaths rose from 3,329 in 2000 to 32,658 in 2014.
- Terrorism remains highly concentrated, with 78% of deaths in 2014 occurring in just five countries: Iraq, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Syria.
- Nigeria saw the largest increase ever recorded by any country, with terrorist deaths rising over 300% to 7,512, largely due to Boko Haram.
- The number of countries experiencing over 500 deaths rose from five to 11 in 2014,
Terrorist incidents and attacks against Jews and Israelis in the United State...Juval Aviv
Analyzing Five Decades of Incidents, Study Finds Synagogues Most Frequent Location of Attacks Against Jewish Community
New York (December 12, 2016) -- A pioneering analysis of attacks against Jewish and Israeli targets in the United States has found the severity of incidents has risen in recent years. The Community Security Service (CSS), a leading Jewish security organization in the United States, partnered with Yehudit Barsky, a counterterrorism expert, to conduct the study, entitled Terrorist Incidents and Attacks Against Jews and Israelis in the United States, 1969-2016. The report is an examination of the 104 most serious attacks and terrorist acts against Jews and Israelis in the US from 1969 through the present, out of the thousands of more general anti-semitic incidents and hate crimes that occur annually.
Globalization has allowed terrorism to exist on a global level due to increased technology and interconnectivity. While there is no agreed-upon definition, terrorism generally involves the use or threat of violence against civilians to achieve political goals. Globalization has aided terrorism through expanded air travel, televised news coverage, and access to more dangerous weapons. It has also contributed to cultural, economic, and religious explanations for terrorism. Technologies associated with globalization have improved terrorists' abilities to coordinate attacks, maintain security, gain mobility, and conduct more lethal operations. International efforts aim to curb terrorism through collaboration, but challenges remain around identification, bureaucratic defects, and addressing radicalizing messages.
This document examines the relationship between globalization and transnational terrorism. It begins with distinguishing between "old" and "new" terrorism, noting how new terrorism since the 1990s has shifted to religious motivations and become more lethal. The author then reviews literature on defining terrorism and globalization. Several dimensions of globalization are discussed, including how economic globalization has increased terrorists' access to information, funding, and weapons through new technologies and financial systems. Regression analysis is used to analyze the impact of different aspects of globalization on transnational terrorist attacks and casualties.
U.S. Central Command Posture Statement 2013Tisha Wright
General James Mattis testified before the Senate Armed Services Committee about security issues facing the US Central Command (CENTCOM) area of responsibility. He outlined several strategic risks, including malign Iranian influence pursuing nuclear weapons and destabilizing the region, violent extremist organizations like al Qaeda, and state instability in places like Syria and Afghanistan. CENTCOM works with partners in the region to counter these threats and protect US interests through military engagement, security cooperation programs, and a tailored military presence and posture.
Terrorism involves the use or threat of violence for political purposes. It is committed by non-state actors and targets civilians to achieve political goals through fear and coercion. Key criteria for defining terrorism include the use or threat of violence, targeting of non-combatants, and perpetration for a political, religious, or ideological goal rather than financial gain. Terrorism has global impacts through instilling widespread fear and psychological trauma. It employs various tactics like bombings, shootings, and propaganda to maximize publicity. Responses to terrorism involve increased security measures, military action, intelligence gathering, and criminal law enforcement.
CONTACT POINT: Alternative financing of cultureOlena Pravylo
This document outlines a project to develop an efficient alternative system for financing culture in Eastern Partnership countries including Armenia, Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. The project aims to define stakeholders, create alliances, research the existing environment, and develop individual strategies for each country by March 31, 2015. A team is assembled with roles including project manager, coordinator, research officer, country coordinators, and others to carry out tasks like announcing open calls, conducting meetings, collecting and analyzing data, and creating short and long-term strategies and an action plan.
The document discusses political violence and its various forms such as war, genocide, human rights violations, torture, police brutality, and brutality by armed forces. It provides examples like the Holocaust, Abu Ghraib torture, and accusations against India's armed forces. Political violence has significant short and long term effects on societies like physical/psychological trauma, financial losses, migration, and prolonged social division. The document also discusses two case studies: the 2002 Godhra riots in India and the ongoing Arab uprisings that began in 2010 in response to authoritarianism and other grievances.
We must avoid the temptation to engage in simplistic assumptions and/or consequent conclusions that what Islam is in the text is what the religion is in different contexts of Muslim societies across the contemporary world. It is however arguable to say that the greater issue confronting the Islamic world today is that of violent extremism or terrorism. The latter, which has variously been described as “Islamic Jihadist” movement, has enjoyed much popularity for improving cross-cultural dialogue across the world but notoriety for its promotion of violence. Represented in the West African sub-region by the Boko Haram group, the activities of these so-called Islamic movements have equally raised questions about original teachings of Islam – the precepts and principles established by Prophet Muhammad for interreligious dialogue and perhaps most importantly the position of Islam on freedom of, in and within religion. This presentation explores and engages the dialectics in these perspectives, rereads factors for the incidence of violent extremism in the West African sub-region and offer suggestions by which the region could achieve greater intercultural and interreligious rapprochement, through the exploration of intra-Islamic peace-building strategies and instruments.
The Arab Spring from a Counter-Terrorism PerspectivePLETZ.com -
This document summarizes a presentation on the Arab Spring and counter-terrorism given by Dr. Boaz Ganor. In 3 sentences:
Dr. Ganor argues that there is a war within Islam between radical Islamic culture and the rest of the world, including most Muslims. He warns that Islamist groups are gaining power and influence across the Middle East, strengthening the Iranian axis. The West should establish an economic support program similar to the Marshall Plan to help pragmatic regimes in the region and promote moderate interpretations of Islam.
The document discusses global extremism and terrorism from the perspective of the Muslim world. It provides definitions of extremism and terrorism, examines their root causes such as misinterpretation of religious texts and oppression. It analyzes the portrayal of terrorism in Western media and the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks. The document argues that extremism cannot be eliminated through force alone and that the underlying social and political factors fueling extremism must be addressed.
The Fearsome Grip of Terrorism (Causes and Solutions)Karan Khanna
Here is a presentation to give an idea of the current scenario of terrorism, its causes and certain solutions to fight it.Hope that I can successfully express my views on the topic.
This document discusses definitions and types of terrorism as well as profiles of terrorists and how they are recruited. It examines similarities between terrorist groups and cults, and explores psychological theories for why people engage in terrorist behavior, such as groupthink, social learning of aggression, and moral disengagement. Media coverage of terrorism is also discussed as terrorists seek attention, while government terror warnings may increase presidential approval ratings due to social identity and halo effects.
The root cause of terrorism and its solutionDabeer Nastar
Once people obtain peace, it opens opportunities to strive for ideals and attain justice constructively. The root cause of terrorism is an ideology of violence that must be countered with an ideology of peace based on Islam's original sources. The Prophet Muhammad's example of accepting all conditions in the Treaty of Hudaybiyya without violence gave his followers time to consolidate peacefully. This shows that Islam's method is completely peaceful.
Jackson & howe the graying of the great powers. demography and geopolitics ...Luis Landaeta
The developed world is facing an unprecedented demographic transformation driven by falling fertility rates and rising longevity. By 2050, over a quarter of populations in developed countries will be elderly, compared to just 3-4% throughout most of history. Working age populations will stagnate or decline, shrinking economies. Japan and some European countries could lose nearly half their total populations by 2100. This aging transformation will have significant strategic, economic, and social consequences for developed nations' ability to maintain security.
Indigenous and transnational terrorism pose threats to security across Asia. Factors like poor governance, corruption, ethnic and religious divisions have led to movements like Maoism in India and Balochi persecution in Pakistan. Additionally, some states support terror groups in other countries as instruments of policy, like Pakistan's support of groups in Kashmir and Afghanistan. Across Southeast, South, and Central Asia, diverse ethnicities, insurgencies, organized crime, and porous borders challenge stability and security. Terrorist groups have used conflict areas as safe havens. Secessionist movements also undermine stability, like in Kashmir and Sri Lanka. The Afghanistan-Pakistan region remains unstable, impacting the whole region. Central Asia faces external pressures
The 2014 Global Terrorism Index video provides a snapshot of the state of terrorism around the world: which countries are most impacted, who are the biggest terrorist organisations and what drives terrorism? Get the facts in under 2 minutes.
This document discusses globalized terrorism from two perspectives: 1) State terrorism practiced by major Western powers like the US to control natural resources and markets in other countries. This has led to wars, dictatorships, and sponsorship of terror. 2) Terrorism by organizations reacting to Western imperialism in places like the Middle East against military occupations. It argues the US and allies are responsible for social and economic ruin worldwide and instigate conflicts for their interests. According to philosopher Thomas Hobbes, the current international situation resembles a "state of nature" without common laws, where all states act in self-interest through force. To end this state and global wars/bloodshed, the document argues for establishing a democratic world government representing all peoples
This report analyzes global terrorism trends from 2000-2014 using data from the Global Terrorism Database. Some key findings:
- Deaths from terrorism increased 80% from 2013-2014, the largest yearly increase in 15 years. Total deaths rose from 3,329 in 2000 to 32,658 in 2014.
- Terrorism remains highly concentrated, with 78% of deaths in 2014 occurring in just five countries: Iraq, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Syria.
- Nigeria saw the largest increase ever recorded by any country, with terrorist deaths rising over 300% to 7,512, largely due to Boko Haram.
- The number of countries experiencing over 500 deaths rose from five to 11 in 2014,
Terrorist incidents and attacks against Jews and Israelis in the United State...Juval Aviv
Analyzing Five Decades of Incidents, Study Finds Synagogues Most Frequent Location of Attacks Against Jewish Community
New York (December 12, 2016) -- A pioneering analysis of attacks against Jewish and Israeli targets in the United States has found the severity of incidents has risen in recent years. The Community Security Service (CSS), a leading Jewish security organization in the United States, partnered with Yehudit Barsky, a counterterrorism expert, to conduct the study, entitled Terrorist Incidents and Attacks Against Jews and Israelis in the United States, 1969-2016. The report is an examination of the 104 most serious attacks and terrorist acts against Jews and Israelis in the US from 1969 through the present, out of the thousands of more general anti-semitic incidents and hate crimes that occur annually.
Globalization has allowed terrorism to exist on a global level due to increased technology and interconnectivity. While there is no agreed-upon definition, terrorism generally involves the use or threat of violence against civilians to achieve political goals. Globalization has aided terrorism through expanded air travel, televised news coverage, and access to more dangerous weapons. It has also contributed to cultural, economic, and religious explanations for terrorism. Technologies associated with globalization have improved terrorists' abilities to coordinate attacks, maintain security, gain mobility, and conduct more lethal operations. International efforts aim to curb terrorism through collaboration, but challenges remain around identification, bureaucratic defects, and addressing radicalizing messages.
This document examines the relationship between globalization and transnational terrorism. It begins with distinguishing between "old" and "new" terrorism, noting how new terrorism since the 1990s has shifted to religious motivations and become more lethal. The author then reviews literature on defining terrorism and globalization. Several dimensions of globalization are discussed, including how economic globalization has increased terrorists' access to information, funding, and weapons through new technologies and financial systems. Regression analysis is used to analyze the impact of different aspects of globalization on transnational terrorist attacks and casualties.
U.S. Central Command Posture Statement 2013Tisha Wright
General James Mattis testified before the Senate Armed Services Committee about security issues facing the US Central Command (CENTCOM) area of responsibility. He outlined several strategic risks, including malign Iranian influence pursuing nuclear weapons and destabilizing the region, violent extremist organizations like al Qaeda, and state instability in places like Syria and Afghanistan. CENTCOM works with partners in the region to counter these threats and protect US interests through military engagement, security cooperation programs, and a tailored military presence and posture.
Terrorism involves the use or threat of violence for political purposes. It is committed by non-state actors and targets civilians to achieve political goals through fear and coercion. Key criteria for defining terrorism include the use or threat of violence, targeting of non-combatants, and perpetration for a political, religious, or ideological goal rather than financial gain. Terrorism has global impacts through instilling widespread fear and psychological trauma. It employs various tactics like bombings, shootings, and propaganda to maximize publicity. Responses to terrorism involve increased security measures, military action, intelligence gathering, and criminal law enforcement.
CONTACT POINT: Alternative financing of cultureOlena Pravylo
This document outlines a project to develop an efficient alternative system for financing culture in Eastern Partnership countries including Armenia, Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Azerbaijan, and Moldova. The project aims to define stakeholders, create alliances, research the existing environment, and develop individual strategies for each country by March 31, 2015. A team is assembled with roles including project manager, coordinator, research officer, country coordinators, and others to carry out tasks like announcing open calls, conducting meetings, collecting and analyzing data, and creating short and long-term strategies and an action plan.
Alternative financing for culture ACTION PLAN 2014-2015Olena Pravylo
This document summarizes a workshop on alternative financing for culture held in Minsk, Belarus in October 2014. It identifies the problem of inefficient cultural financing systems and maps out the causes and effects. The workshop's goal is to create an efficient cultural financing system. Solutions are presented through an objectives tree, including outcomes like increased knowledge, understanding of democratic reality, and legislation fitting social development levels. Next steps include forming a research team to analyze alternative funding models and develop an implementation strategy and action plan by March 2015.
The document discusses moviemaking in Ukraine and Georgia. It notes challenges in Ukraine like outdated thinking, corruption, and working with limited budgets. However, amateur filmmakers are passionate. Georgia is highlighted for implementing fast reforms and cultural interest, despite prejudice and Russian influence. The speaker's organization has run cultural projects in Ukraine since 2009 and plans future collaborations, like an Azerbaijani cinema event, to promote culture in the region.
Lviv PMDay: Дов Німрац Як зробити процес Continuous Integration ефективнимLviv Startup Club
The document discusses three primary tasks for effective continuous delivery (CD): breaking down monolithic codebases, designing an optimal test suite, and setting up a deployment pipeline. It emphasizes that CD requires decomposing large codebases into separate services and libraries to enable faster builds and testing. The test suite should follow a testing pyramid approach with more automated unit and integration tests. An effective deployment pipeline automates testing, builds and releases through distinct stages without shadow steps.
International terrorism scope, causes and the role of education in combating ...SARON MESSEMBE OBIA
The global dimension of international security and violence has stimulated the rise of youth in the world and Africa in particular. The focus is no longer on policing terrorism, but rather understanding the mutations and how education can help combat terrorism.
U.S. Policies That Shape The Middle East Powerpoint2Jennifer Nix
- There are many terrorist groups based in the Middle East due to longstanding grievances against Western influence and support for authoritarian regimes in the region. These groups aim to force Western powers like the US to withdraw military and political support.
- The US is targeted by terrorist groups because it is seen as propping up regimes for its own interests like oil rather than promoting democracy. Groups want the US to remove influence and troops from the Middle East.
- While the US has had some successes like removing Saddam Hussein, the war on terror continues with ongoing instability, the threat of new terrorist groups, and mixed perceptions of US involvement in the region. There is no definitive answer to stopping international terrorism.
Terrorism has a significant impact on global politics. Terrorist groups use violence and attacks to create fear in society and force political reactions from governments. Modern terrorism poses many threats as demonstrated by attacks in major cities like Paris in 2015. The rise of groups like ISIS and al-Qaeda has increased terrorism's influence on global affairs, forcing states to rethink policies like immigration, spending, and defense.
War and peace are two powerful forces that have been shaping civilizations. Every nation has gone through various degrees of conflicts. In this paper, the author asks what history lessons can be used to educate the public and policy makers on conflict prevention. If we were to avoid repeating the mistakes and wars of the past, the author believes new innovative approaches are needed for solving old problems of conflicts within a nation and between nations. Alongside current steps to promote social order, the psychology of war and peace must be adequately looked into and utilized in forming the needed policies.
This research paper is an attempt to investigate the
phenomenon of global terrorism and its threats to the security of the state. The study clarifies the concept of terrorism
and it its definition, then the categories of terrorism. Next,
it shows how terrorism became a global phenomenon
through the historical overview of international terrorism
and the theories explaining it and its current situation. The
causes of international terrorism are economic causes,
social causes, religious causes, political causes, and other
causes.
This chapter discusses different types of international conflicts including wars, disputes, and ideological clashes. It examines theories for what causes conflicts on individual, domestic, and global levels. Nationalism and ethnicity are identified as major forces that influence international relations and often lead to conflicts when groups demand statehood or adjusted borders. Ethnic conflicts sometimes involve ethnic cleansing or genocide. While religion and ideology can exacerbate tensions, they usually do not directly cause conflicts, which tend to have more underlying political or economic drivers.
THIS PPT WAS UPLOADED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. NO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT INTENDED. ANYONE CAN ACCESS THE LINK/PPT THOUGH DOWNLOAD AND FOR SUBJECT MATTER LEARBING ONLY.
This document discusses terrorism on multiple levels. It begins by defining terrorism and outlining its three key elements: the use of illegal force intended to intimidate and coerce for political or social goals. It then discusses how terrorism is a global issue, providing examples of terrorism's impacts and history in various countries like the US, Russia, and others. It also examines the roles of militaries and intelligence agencies in combating terrorism, highlighting the challenges of fighting asymmetric threats.
Terrorism : A Global Issue Essay
Essay on terrorism
Definition Essay: Terrorism
Essay on Terrorism
Essay on History of Terrorism
Terrorism Essay
Essay on Terrorism
Essay on Terrorism
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𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
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Peace, love, forbearance, loyalty, and sacrifice are the virtues people look for in others to maintain cordial
relations with each other, but as the nations are advancing towards the so-called perfection with the help of
cutting-edge technology, they are losing their reforming zeal to assimilate these virtues and their
sympathetic nature upon weakest nations. Strongest nations are marching ahead having all required
instruments with them, on the one hand, and weakest nations are depleting their resources either by fighting
among themselves or by blazing up a fierce fire of terrorism so as to create anarchy all over the world, on
the other hand. Despite paying attention to developing ways to bring peace all over the world, every
developed or developing nation is busy in buying high-tech missiles, nuclear weapons, artillery, and
ammunition. Is not it a contradiction to say that we need peace, on the one hand; on the other, empowering
our military, air, and naval forces and display our invincible power over others?
When you look upon the children of deteriorated regions, you will find that they have become so amoral,
impersonal, and disinterested, for in them no sensitivity is left. They have just witnessed destruction, one
after the other, at all times. Who is responsible for their devastated childhood, scattered dreams, and
unstable future? But we cannot fully blame developed nations for this mayhem because the lack of
education in such regions is giving rise to terrorism and radicalization, which is drawing this calamity
towards them. Then, what should be the solution to restrict such activities, which instigate terrorism and
radicalization in these regions? The crux of the problem, so to say, is in applying painstaking efforts by
developed, as well as developing nations, equally to combat with one of the grievous issues of the world,
not only of one nation or any particular nations.
Global Peace Index (GPI) detects all of the indicators, which affect the global peace and calibrate to
measure the number of incidents disturbing the global peace. However, the data, in its turn, can be utilized
to find which country/countries need the help most. GPI discovered that 2015 was the year when the world
was at the lowest point with its peace. The prominent reason to be at the lowest was the development of
violence in the Middle East and Africa (MENA). The battle between insurgents and the government in
addition to wiping off of the terrorism by nations such as the US, Russia, and France, in this region, have
increased the rate of violence compared to that of the previous years. On the other hand, GPI has also
discovered that the peace in other nations except for in the Middle East and Africa has consolidated slightly,
and is the positive outcome of the data at least.
If we analyze the Global Peace Index, we may find that the Japan, which encountered one of the biggest
annihilations of the century by facing two nuclear attacks, has managed to attain the 10th spot on the list of
peaceful countries. What has made them the most peaceful among other developed nations? The answer is
clear as a bell: Japan's spiritual, as well as scientific progress, has made them stronger than before. But
educating people of decaying nations is not sufficient because even the nation like Libya has the literacy
rate of 89.5%, which implies that baby steps are not going to be of any use. Two conflicting political parties
are unable to come to a mutual consent on their geographical area as well as political powers over the
country and have become major reasons for the decay of Libya, which have also given rise to the barbaric
terrorist group such as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) on their land. The problem is quite as
complicated as it seems easy on this level. To all intents and purposes, it is one of the toughest and critical
problems to solve, but that does not mean there is no solution at all.
Political instability is also a secondary factor, primary in developed nations, which has been entailing part
of the global disturbed peace. As we see, the rate of terrorist attacks has been increased drastically in the
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developed nations as well. What is that, which is drawing these nations towards attracting these terrorist
attacks? The answer, maybe, lies in the political instability. We have seen the Brexit, immigration of
millions of refugees from war-hit zones to European countries, incapability to handle the rising number of
immigrants by the representatives of the government, and somewhat the recession; all this has led to the
political instability and disturbed the global peace thereby.
Political instability in Syria is one of the notorious examples we have been witnessing, and Syria's internal
problems are more complicated than that of Libya. Intervention in the borders of Libya by the US military
was feasible, for it was geographically and population-wise one-third of the Syria. Unlike Libya, it would
be too complicated to intervene in the internal affairs of the Syria by the US or any other governments.
Syrian Armed Forces have gained the backing of their one of the regional allies such as Iran and Hezbollah
in Lebanon, Asian giants such as the Russia and China have come forth in the support of Al-Assad led
Syrian Armed Forces, whereas NATO countries such as the US, France, and Turkey, in addition to Saudi
Arabia, are backing Istanbul-based Syrian National Council (SNC) and Free Syrian Army (FSA). To
recapitulate, it seems a moot question to find an answer with a panacea, but we need to come up with a
unanimous solution over the grievous activities happening in the region of the Middle East and Africa
(MENA).
According to the report of Global Terrorism Index (GTI) 2015 from Institute for Economics and Peace
(IEP), top 10 nations in the list are Iraq, Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Syria, India, Yemen, Somalia,
Libya, and Thailand. Apparently, conflicts between Sunni, Shia, Kurd, and Arab have made the situation
worse to control even by the intervention of any other nations like the US. On the other hand, different
terrorist groups have bolstered their roots in some of these countries and creating tremendous threat not
only to these countries but also to the entire world. Recent terror attacks in France, Belgium, Germany,
India, Florida (US), and Austria have shown that the heat of terrorism is not limited to the Middle East and
Africa (MENA) anymore. The effect of terrorism, so to say, is increasing and spreading worldwide just like
forests get engulfed in the rage of fire.
Is it plausible to think that fight will bring peace to us? There is the law of nature called Law of Attraction,
which explains that peace attracts peace. However, a few extremists in the name of religion indulge in
terrorist activities without knowing the real teaching of their own religion, for no religion preaches violence
and fanaticism. These extremists are puppets of those vicious mindsets who want to rule the world just for
the sake of their ideology to bring their single-handed dictatorship all over the world. Then what is the
solution to curb youth's involvement in terrorist groups? Firstly, the education. Secondly, cessation of
growing intolerance towards the particular religion, which has become a major reason for much of the
hatred of one nation towards another. Lastly, refrain greed for oil, because most of the superpower nations
like the US, apparently, have encroached the territories of oil-rich countries in the name of curbing terrorist
activities but the real motive was to get possession of oil wells in the region.
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Bibliography
Anon., 2015. Global Terrorism Index, Australia: Institute for Economics and Peace.
Anon., 2016. Global Peace Index, Australia: Institute for Economics and Peace.
Anon., n.d. Solution to Terrorism, New Delhi: CPS International.
Chossudovsky, M., 2016. How to Stop Terrorism: Seven Ways to “Drain the Swamp”, Canada:
GlobalResearch.
Cordesman, A. H., 2015. Iraqi Stability and the “ISIS War”, Washington D.C.: CSIS.
Janssen, F. E. K. & Abdo, I., 2015. Understanding instability in Libya: will peace talks end the chaos?,
Netherlands: Clingendael.
Nerguizian, A., 2011. Instability in Syria, Washington, D.C.: CSIS.