Homo erectus, meaning "upright man", lived between 1.9 million to 70,000 years ago. They had a brain size of 850 to 1000 cubic centimeters and were the first hominins to migrate out of Africa around 1.3 million years ago, spreading to Asia and Europe. Fossil remains have been found in locations like Java, Indonesia, Kenya, and Georgia. Homo erectus lived in groups and used shelters like bamboo forests and caves, controlling fire which allowed cooking and warmth. They made tools from wood and stone to hunt animals.
The Neanderthal was an extinct species that lived in Europe and western Asia from 230,000 to 28,000 years ago. They co-existed with early modern humans known as Cro-Magnon for approximately 5,000 years, as evidenced by fossils found in Châtelperron caves. Neanderthals had short, robust bodies adapted to cold environments, with wide pelvises, short limbs, and prominent facial features including low brows and no chin. They lived in organized social groups and knew how to use fire and make tools from bones and stones.
El documento describe dos especies de homínidos fósiles: Australopithecus africanus y Australopithecus robustus. A. africanus vivió en Sudáfrica, caminaba erguido pero su cerebro y manos estaban menos desarrollados que los humanos modernos. A. robustus también vivió en Sudáfrica, tenía un rostro grande con mejillas abultadas y se alimentaba principalmente de raíces, semillas y pequeños animales. Ambas especies evolucionaron características diferentes que les ayudaron a sobrevivir en su época.
The document discusses the distinction between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods, also known as the Old and New Stone Ages. The Paleolithic period began around 2.6 million years ago with the advent of stone tools and lasted until around 10,000 BCE. It was characterized by nomadic hunter-gatherer societies using chipped stone tools. The Neolithic period began around 10,000 BCE and lasted until around 2,000 BCE, characterized by more settled agricultural societies using polished stone tools and domesticating plants and animals. Key differences included permanent dwellings, private property, more advanced tools and weapons, clothing, and the development of trade networks and organized religion/government in the Neolithic period.
El Australopithecus africanus fue una especie de homínido fósil descubierto en 1924 por Raymond Dart en Taung, Sudáfrica en el cráneo de un niño conocido como el niño de Taung. Vivían en África hace aproximadamente 4.5 millones de años, tenían una constitución pequeña y caminaban erguidos aunque también pasaban tiempo en los árboles.
Philippine Constitution 1987 (Article 3 - Bill of Rights)Charmaine Camilo
The document outlines 22 sections that constitute the Bill of Rights in the Philippines constitution. The sections protect various civil liberties and establish rights such as due process, equal protection, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, rights of the accused, prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment, and protection from double jeopardy and ex post facto laws.
Homo erectus, meaning "upright man", lived between 1.9 million to 70,000 years ago. They had a brain size of 850 to 1000 cubic centimeters and were the first hominins to migrate out of Africa around 1.3 million years ago, spreading to Asia and Europe. Fossil remains have been found in locations like Java, Indonesia, Kenya, and Georgia. Homo erectus lived in groups and used shelters like bamboo forests and caves, controlling fire which allowed cooking and warmth. They made tools from wood and stone to hunt animals.
The Neanderthal was an extinct species that lived in Europe and western Asia from 230,000 to 28,000 years ago. They co-existed with early modern humans known as Cro-Magnon for approximately 5,000 years, as evidenced by fossils found in Châtelperron caves. Neanderthals had short, robust bodies adapted to cold environments, with wide pelvises, short limbs, and prominent facial features including low brows and no chin. They lived in organized social groups and knew how to use fire and make tools from bones and stones.
El documento describe dos especies de homínidos fósiles: Australopithecus africanus y Australopithecus robustus. A. africanus vivió en Sudáfrica, caminaba erguido pero su cerebro y manos estaban menos desarrollados que los humanos modernos. A. robustus también vivió en Sudáfrica, tenía un rostro grande con mejillas abultadas y se alimentaba principalmente de raíces, semillas y pequeños animales. Ambas especies evolucionaron características diferentes que les ayudaron a sobrevivir en su época.
The document discusses the distinction between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods, also known as the Old and New Stone Ages. The Paleolithic period began around 2.6 million years ago with the advent of stone tools and lasted until around 10,000 BCE. It was characterized by nomadic hunter-gatherer societies using chipped stone tools. The Neolithic period began around 10,000 BCE and lasted until around 2,000 BCE, characterized by more settled agricultural societies using polished stone tools and domesticating plants and animals. Key differences included permanent dwellings, private property, more advanced tools and weapons, clothing, and the development of trade networks and organized religion/government in the Neolithic period.
El Australopithecus africanus fue una especie de homínido fósil descubierto en 1924 por Raymond Dart en Taung, Sudáfrica en el cráneo de un niño conocido como el niño de Taung. Vivían en África hace aproximadamente 4.5 millones de años, tenían una constitución pequeña y caminaban erguidos aunque también pasaban tiempo en los árboles.
Philippine Constitution 1987 (Article 3 - Bill of Rights)Charmaine Camilo
The document outlines 22 sections that constitute the Bill of Rights in the Philippines constitution. The sections protect various civil liberties and establish rights such as due process, equal protection, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, rights of the accused, prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment, and protection from double jeopardy and ex post facto laws.
1) Homo erectus were the first hominids to disperse out of Africa around 1.8 million years ago, migrating to various parts of Asia and Europe.
2) Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and western Asia from 130,000-30,000 years ago, were premodern humans that shared traits with modern humans but also had distinguishing morphological features.
3) Anatomically modern humans are believed to have first evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago before migrating and replacing or interbreeding with local populations, though some argue regional continuity of evolution also occurred.
El documento describe los principales yacimientos arqueológicos encontrados en la Sierra de Atapuerca, España. Estos yacimientos incluyen la Sima de los Huesos, Galería, Gran Dolina y Portalón, y han proporcionado descubrimientos clave sobre la evolución humana como evidencia de canibalismo, herramientas de piedra y los restos más antiguos de Homo sapiens en Europa. Los yacimientos contienen registros que datan de hace más de un millón de años.
1) El Homo erectus fue la primera especie del género Homo en salir de África hace 1.8 millones de años y colonizar Asia y Europa.
2) Se caracterizaba por su postura erguida, un cerebro más grande que sus predecesores, y el uso sistemático de herramientas y fuego.
3) El Homo erectus dejó un legado importante como la domesticación del fuego, que permitió la colonización de nuevas áreas y el desarrollo de habilidades humanas.
The document summarizes key developments in the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, including the transition to settled agricultural communities. It provides examples of Mesolithic communities like Mount Sandel in Ireland and Vedbaek in Denmark that depended on coastal resources without agriculture. The Neolithic introduced domestication of plants and animals, as seen initially in the Fertile Crescent and later spreading to other regions. Settlements grew larger and more complex, accompanied by developments in technology, social organization, and humanities like art and music. Iconic sites like Stonehenge illustrate the megalithic architecture of Neolithic Northern Europe.
This document discusses Filipino indigenous philosophy and worldviews. It is divided into three approaches: traditional, cultural, and nationality. Indigenous philosophy is classified under the cultural approach and includes grassroots folk philosophies. Worldviews are mental lenses for perceiving the world and indigenous worldviews emphasize relationships with nature. Aetas have strong animistic beliefs involving spirits ("anitos") that inhabit the environment. Their relationship with these spirits is central to their spirituality. Rituals like prayers, dances, and sacrifices are performed to appease spirits and address illnesses.
Hominids first emerged in East Africa around 4 million years ago, classified in the genus Australopithecus. Later hominids like Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and were the first to use tools. Homo sapiens evolved around 200,000 years ago in Africa and had fully modern human traits, later migrating to Europe and Asia. Theories on modern human origins include a single origin near the East or multiregional evolution in various places.
El documento describe al Australopithecus Afarensis, una de las primeras especies humanas. Vivió en África entre 3-3.9 millones de años atrás y tenía la capacidad de caminar erguido como los humanos modernos. El espécimen más famoso fue "Lucy", descubierto en 1974 en Etiopía. Lucy tenía una capacidad craneal de 370-550 centímetros cúbicos y características que indicaban una vida tanto arbórea como terrestre.
Homo habilis were omnivorous creatures that mainly ate leaves, woody plants, and some animal tissue, as shown by marks on their teeth. They lived in simple round shelters built from branches and stones.
The document summarizes the emergence and evolution of early human species from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. It describes key findings such as the transition from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens around 500,000 years ago. Neanderthals appeared in Europe and western Asia around 300,000 years ago. Modern humans emerged in Africa around 160,000 years ago and spread throughout the Old World, eventually replacing Neanderthals. Upper Paleolithic cultures from 40,000 years ago produced new toolmaking techniques like blade production and pressure flaking.
La Sierra de Atapuerca en España contiene varios yacimientos arqueológicos importantes que datan desde hace 800,000 años, incluyendo restos del Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis y Homo sapiens. Los yacimientos más significativos son la Sima del Elefante, Gran Dolina y Sima de los Huesos, que han proporcionado valiosa información sobre la evolución humana en Europa.
Homo habilis vivió entre 2.5 y 1.44 millones de años atrás en África. Tenían cráneos más redondeados que los australopitecinos y dientes más grandes, además de dedos curvos y una postura bípeda. Fueron la primera especie en fabricar herramientas de piedra y desarrollar una cultura básica que transmitían entre generaciones. Su dieta era principalmente frugívora aunque también se alimentaban de carroña y caza. Finalmente, Homo habilis evolucionó en Homo er
Homo sapiens originated in Africa and then spread throughout the world approximately 100,000 years ago. There are two theories for how this occurred - either Homo sapiens developed in Africa and migrated worldwide, or ancestors developed separately into Homo sapiens in different locations. Homo sapiens were able to inhabit all environments due to their omnivorous diet, bipedalism, and ability to use complex tools.
El documento presenta una línea de tiempo que resume la evolución humana desde nuestros primeros antepasados como Sahelanthropus y Orrorin hasta las diferentes especies de Homo. Describe especies tempranas como Ardipithecus y Australopithecus que caminaban erguidos pero aún vivían en los árboles, así como los Paranthropus que desarrollaron dentaduras robustas para alimentarse de vegetación dura.
El Homo erectus tenía una altura media de 1,50 m y un peso entre 33 y 67 kg, con una capacidad craneal mayor que el Homo ergaster de 750-1300 cc. Fueron los primeros humanos en dispersarse de África a Asia y Europa, llegando hasta España, China e Indonesia entre hace 1,6 millones y 100.000 años. Fabricaban herramientas de piedra y madera, viviendas primitivas, y dominaron el uso controlado del fuego hace 300.000 años en China.
The document discusses the importance of writing local history. It provides reasons for writing local history, such as helping people understand their roots and contextualizing their lives within broader historical processes. It then offers suggestions on where to find sources for local history, such as cemeteries, church records, and archives. The document also provides guidance on organizing research, including making outlines, timelines, and selecting topics. It encourages taking a nationalist perspective that places local people at the center of history rather than just subjects of colonial powers.
Part 1 of the Stone Ages.
Covers early man through Mesolithic Era.
Concentrates on hunter-gatherers and early migration.
All images were found using google search. I do not own any of them.
Homo ergaster vivió en África hace unos 2 millones de años y se expandió a otros continentes. Tuvo un cráneo menos robusto que Homo erectus asiático y un cerebro más grande de unos 850 cm3. Se cree que Homo ergaster fue el primer homínido en establecer relaciones sociales complejas y utilizar tecnología avanzada como herramientas achelenses.
This document discusses the key terms of reference, principles, and priorities that guide Philippine foreign policy. It outlines the Constitution and national interests as the basis for an independent foreign policy. It also examines various flashpoints and challenges facing Philippine foreign affairs, including efforts to resolve insurgencies, combat terrorism, and address territorial disputes. Environmental issues and sustainable development are also discussed as important considerations in Philippine diplomacy.
1) Homo erectus were the first hominids to disperse out of Africa around 1.8 million years ago, migrating to various parts of Asia and Europe.
2) Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and western Asia from 130,000-30,000 years ago, were premodern humans that shared traits with modern humans but also had distinguishing morphological features.
3) Anatomically modern humans are believed to have first evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago before migrating and replacing or interbreeding with local populations, though some argue regional continuity of evolution also occurred.
El documento describe los principales yacimientos arqueológicos encontrados en la Sierra de Atapuerca, España. Estos yacimientos incluyen la Sima de los Huesos, Galería, Gran Dolina y Portalón, y han proporcionado descubrimientos clave sobre la evolución humana como evidencia de canibalismo, herramientas de piedra y los restos más antiguos de Homo sapiens en Europa. Los yacimientos contienen registros que datan de hace más de un millón de años.
1) El Homo erectus fue la primera especie del género Homo en salir de África hace 1.8 millones de años y colonizar Asia y Europa.
2) Se caracterizaba por su postura erguida, un cerebro más grande que sus predecesores, y el uso sistemático de herramientas y fuego.
3) El Homo erectus dejó un legado importante como la domesticación del fuego, que permitió la colonización de nuevas áreas y el desarrollo de habilidades humanas.
The document summarizes key developments in the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, including the transition to settled agricultural communities. It provides examples of Mesolithic communities like Mount Sandel in Ireland and Vedbaek in Denmark that depended on coastal resources without agriculture. The Neolithic introduced domestication of plants and animals, as seen initially in the Fertile Crescent and later spreading to other regions. Settlements grew larger and more complex, accompanied by developments in technology, social organization, and humanities like art and music. Iconic sites like Stonehenge illustrate the megalithic architecture of Neolithic Northern Europe.
This document discusses Filipino indigenous philosophy and worldviews. It is divided into three approaches: traditional, cultural, and nationality. Indigenous philosophy is classified under the cultural approach and includes grassroots folk philosophies. Worldviews are mental lenses for perceiving the world and indigenous worldviews emphasize relationships with nature. Aetas have strong animistic beliefs involving spirits ("anitos") that inhabit the environment. Their relationship with these spirits is central to their spirituality. Rituals like prayers, dances, and sacrifices are performed to appease spirits and address illnesses.
Hominids first emerged in East Africa around 4 million years ago, classified in the genus Australopithecus. Later hominids like Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and were the first to use tools. Homo sapiens evolved around 200,000 years ago in Africa and had fully modern human traits, later migrating to Europe and Asia. Theories on modern human origins include a single origin near the East or multiregional evolution in various places.
El documento describe al Australopithecus Afarensis, una de las primeras especies humanas. Vivió en África entre 3-3.9 millones de años atrás y tenía la capacidad de caminar erguido como los humanos modernos. El espécimen más famoso fue "Lucy", descubierto en 1974 en Etiopía. Lucy tenía una capacidad craneal de 370-550 centímetros cúbicos y características que indicaban una vida tanto arbórea como terrestre.
Homo habilis were omnivorous creatures that mainly ate leaves, woody plants, and some animal tissue, as shown by marks on their teeth. They lived in simple round shelters built from branches and stones.
The document summarizes the emergence and evolution of early human species from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. It describes key findings such as the transition from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens around 500,000 years ago. Neanderthals appeared in Europe and western Asia around 300,000 years ago. Modern humans emerged in Africa around 160,000 years ago and spread throughout the Old World, eventually replacing Neanderthals. Upper Paleolithic cultures from 40,000 years ago produced new toolmaking techniques like blade production and pressure flaking.
La Sierra de Atapuerca en España contiene varios yacimientos arqueológicos importantes que datan desde hace 800,000 años, incluyendo restos del Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis y Homo sapiens. Los yacimientos más significativos son la Sima del Elefante, Gran Dolina y Sima de los Huesos, que han proporcionado valiosa información sobre la evolución humana en Europa.
Homo habilis vivió entre 2.5 y 1.44 millones de años atrás en África. Tenían cráneos más redondeados que los australopitecinos y dientes más grandes, además de dedos curvos y una postura bípeda. Fueron la primera especie en fabricar herramientas de piedra y desarrollar una cultura básica que transmitían entre generaciones. Su dieta era principalmente frugívora aunque también se alimentaban de carroña y caza. Finalmente, Homo habilis evolucionó en Homo er
Homo sapiens originated in Africa and then spread throughout the world approximately 100,000 years ago. There are two theories for how this occurred - either Homo sapiens developed in Africa and migrated worldwide, or ancestors developed separately into Homo sapiens in different locations. Homo sapiens were able to inhabit all environments due to their omnivorous diet, bipedalism, and ability to use complex tools.
El documento presenta una línea de tiempo que resume la evolución humana desde nuestros primeros antepasados como Sahelanthropus y Orrorin hasta las diferentes especies de Homo. Describe especies tempranas como Ardipithecus y Australopithecus que caminaban erguidos pero aún vivían en los árboles, así como los Paranthropus que desarrollaron dentaduras robustas para alimentarse de vegetación dura.
El Homo erectus tenía una altura media de 1,50 m y un peso entre 33 y 67 kg, con una capacidad craneal mayor que el Homo ergaster de 750-1300 cc. Fueron los primeros humanos en dispersarse de África a Asia y Europa, llegando hasta España, China e Indonesia entre hace 1,6 millones y 100.000 años. Fabricaban herramientas de piedra y madera, viviendas primitivas, y dominaron el uso controlado del fuego hace 300.000 años en China.
The document discusses the importance of writing local history. It provides reasons for writing local history, such as helping people understand their roots and contextualizing their lives within broader historical processes. It then offers suggestions on where to find sources for local history, such as cemeteries, church records, and archives. The document also provides guidance on organizing research, including making outlines, timelines, and selecting topics. It encourages taking a nationalist perspective that places local people at the center of history rather than just subjects of colonial powers.
Part 1 of the Stone Ages.
Covers early man through Mesolithic Era.
Concentrates on hunter-gatherers and early migration.
All images were found using google search. I do not own any of them.
Homo ergaster vivió en África hace unos 2 millones de años y se expandió a otros continentes. Tuvo un cráneo menos robusto que Homo erectus asiático y un cerebro más grande de unos 850 cm3. Se cree que Homo ergaster fue el primer homínido en establecer relaciones sociales complejas y utilizar tecnología avanzada como herramientas achelenses.
This document discusses the key terms of reference, principles, and priorities that guide Philippine foreign policy. It outlines the Constitution and national interests as the basis for an independent foreign policy. It also examines various flashpoints and challenges facing Philippine foreign affairs, including efforts to resolve insurgencies, combat terrorism, and address territorial disputes. Environmental issues and sustainable development are also discussed as important considerations in Philippine diplomacy.
1. O documento discute os preconceitos sobre a História Africana e a necessidade de ensiná-la corretamente.
2. Ele divide a África em cinco regiões - Norte, Oeste, Central, Leste e Sul - e fornece detalhes sobre cada uma.
3. A humanidade teve origem na África e o continente teve importantes reinos e arte ao longo da história.
7 - HOMO SAPIENS SAPIENS
Presentazione realizzata dalle insegnanti Carla e Paola Poppi dell' Istituto Comprensivo di Crevalcore (BO).
Anno Scolastico 2010-'11
1 - Presentazione "Dall' ORIGINE dell' UNIVERSO alla comparsa dell'UOMO" di Carla e Paola Poppi insegnanti dell' Istituto Comprensivo di Crevalcore (BO).
Anno Scolastico 2010-'11 classe 3^
2. L’Australopithecus afarensis è
una specie estinta
di ominide del genere Australopithecus,
vissuto in Africa tra 4 e 3 milioni di anni fa.
La specie fu identificata a seguito di una serie di
ritrovamenti di fossili in Etiopia nella prima
metà degli anni settanta.
I resti comprendevano il 40% dello scheletro:
entrambe le gambe, la tibia, un'articolazione,
risalenti a 3,4 milioni di anni
fa. Originariamente sembrava che il fossile
riguardasse un individuo giovane, ma
successivamente si scoprì che si trattava di un
adulto.
3. Dai fossili ritrovati il 30 novembre 1974,
in Etiopia nella regione di Afar, si
scoprì che erano di un esemplare
femmina adulta di Australopithecus
afarensis dell'età apparente di 25 anni,
vissuta circa 3,2 milioni di anni fa. Gli
archeologi la chiamarono Lucy, in
onore della canzone Lucy in the Sky
with Diamonds dei Beatles in voga al
tempo del ritrovamento.
.
4. Morì sulle rive di una palude, probabilmente di sfinimento, e
fortunatamente nessun predatore ne sbranò i resti,
disperdendone le membra, così che il corpo, sommerso
dal fango, nel corso dei millenni si fossilizzò fino a
diventare roccia.
Dopo milioni di anni il suo scheletro è ritornato alla luce
intatto e ci offre una preziosa testimonianza sulla
costituzione fisica degli ominidi di quel periodo.
Lucy era alta circa 1 metro e 10
centimetri,pesava circa tra i 29 e i 45 kg,
aveva un cervello di dimensioni piuttosto
ridotte,tra i 375 e i 500 metri cubi, i molari
molto grandi, basati sulla raccolta di vegetali e
la cattura di insetti e lucertole, un bacino
ampio e i femori inclinati.