The document provides information on SF6 gas circuit breakers, including:
1) It describes the GI-E range of outdoor circuit breakers, which use SF6 gas for switching and insulation and are suitable for distribution systems up to 40.5 kV.
2) The advantages of the circuit breakers are discussed, including their reliability, low maintenance needs, and insensitivity to environmental conditions.
3) Testing procedures are outlined to ensure safety and reliability in accordance with IEC standards.
Introduction on STM32 Platform and Presentation of a Water-Level & Temperatur...Julio César Carrasquel
The following slides were used as an introductory support for the hands-on workshop on the STM32 Platform that was held on the Pervasive Systems course (La Sapienza University of Rome, May 2017).
Introduction on STM32 Platform and Presentation of a Water-Level & Temperatur...Julio César Carrasquel
The following slides were used as an introductory support for the hands-on workshop on the STM32 Platform that was held on the Pervasive Systems course (La Sapienza University of Rome, May 2017).
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
Class materials for teaching the use of the MPU-6050 with an Arduino Uno. These materials were originally used in Designathon 2016.
They were only created in a few hours notice so pardon my lower quality of this presentation compared to my other work.
The code is available here. https://github.com/SustainableLivingLab/imu-mpu6050-usage
The Android vs. Apple iOS Security Showdown Tom Eston
Android and Apple mobile devices have taken the market by storm. Not only are they being used by consumers but they are now being used for critical functions in businesses, hospitals, government and more. This trend is expected to continue with the popularity of mobile devices such as tablets well into the future. In this presentation we put Android up against Apple iOS to determine which, if any, are ready for enterprise or federal use. Once and for all we battle the Apple App Store vs. Google Play, device updates, developer controls, security features and the current slew of vulnerabilities for both devices. Which platform will emerge the victor? You might find that while the "tech is hot" the implementation and built in security controls are "not".
PLC based home automation (undergrad thesis)Sameer Patel
This project aims at automating many home appliances. The appliances are
controlled automatically and the functioning of the appliances is controlled by
the programmable Logic Controller (PLC). As the functioning of the appliances
is integrated with the working of PLC, the project proves to be accurate,
reliable and more efficient than the existing controllers.
The processes that are proposed to be automated in this project are:-
1. Interior and Exterior Lights
2. Burglar Alarm
3. Fire Alarm
4. AC On/Off, Lights On/Off and Fans On/Off Using DTMF
Also, the functioning of many of these devices will be interconnected depending
upon the events that occur. The monitoring of the complete process will be done
through SCADA.
Orion Network Performance Monitor (NPM) Optimization and Tuning TrainingSolarWinds
For more information on NPM, visit: http://www.solarwinds.com/network-performance-monitor.aspx
During this Orion NPM training session, we'll demonstrate the processes for optimizing Orion's performance. We'll cover tuning parameters and procedures for:
• Orion's website
• Orion's SQL database backend
• Orion's data collection services
The information covered in this class will be helpful for those administering Orion servers of all sizes, small and large, who are interested in receiving optimal performance.
GSM BASED POWER FAILURE INDICATOR WITH SMS TECHNOLOGYASHOKKUMAR RAMAR
INTRODUCTION
MaasTech‘s “Remote power failure Indicator” is designed to provide reliable monitoring of power supply to an equipment and if power supply is not available to the equipment it alerts the user by sending SMS and CALL alerts.
NEED FOR RPFI
In most of the industries, colleges & hospitals we have some equipment which needs power 24X7 days. So it will be connected to a UPS system. In case if the Battery is about to dry and the power are lost then it becomes a problem.
In such cases our panel monitors the power to such equipment and alerts the user when the power supply fails or when the system is running on UPS. So that the corresponding person can know that the system is running on UPS and necessary actions can be taken.
Our unit has provision to give alert, when the power is regained. In addition to this it has a provision to alert on 8 fault conditions through “NC”, “NO” contacts.
EXAMPLES:
• TANK OVER FLOW INDICATION (SMS)
• DOOR OPEN ALARM INDICATION (SMS)
• GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION (SMS)
• HOSPITAL AUTOMATION
• LAB EQUIPEMENT(EDUCATION)
• ICE FACTORY
• IT INDUSTRIES-UPS STATUS MONITORING
1.1 Operation:
Once the unit is armed and configured, upon any input the unit it will send 5 SMS to each mobile Numbers stored in memory. Additionally it makes call to the mobile numbers stored in memory to indicate the event
2.1 Configuration:
Insert the SIM Card into the GSM Board on the space provided. Connect the sensor Wirings and indicated on the panel wiring diagram. Connect the battery terminals to the circuit and switch on the Power supply.
After power up, the unit waits for the NOS Command for storing the mobile numbers to memory. It wont accept any other command other than NOS. The unit is accessible to only those numbers which are programmed through NOS Command. After the successful completion of NOS Command other commands can be sent by the user to process.
The unit always replies to the command sent by the user. If the reply is not received then the user must send the request again to accomplish the task.
3.1 Command and its Reply:
All the commands must be typed and sent to the unit as SMS Message.
thanks
R.ASHOK KUMAR
MAASTECH
89. RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD(NEAR SBI BANK)
KODAMBAKKAM
CHENNAI-600024
PH:044-24844676
R.ASHOK KUMAR-098402 34766
B. MAIL VELAN-098841 01622
Microcontroller based speedo meter cum odometerNexus
it is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. program memory in the form of ferroelectric ram, nor flash or otp romis also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of ram. microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications.
microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. by reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
Computation of profits and gains of business and profession for assessment year 2016-17 based on Goa University Taxation syllabus , for benefit of B Com students
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
Class materials for teaching the use of the MPU-6050 with an Arduino Uno. These materials were originally used in Designathon 2016.
They were only created in a few hours notice so pardon my lower quality of this presentation compared to my other work.
The code is available here. https://github.com/SustainableLivingLab/imu-mpu6050-usage
The Android vs. Apple iOS Security Showdown Tom Eston
Android and Apple mobile devices have taken the market by storm. Not only are they being used by consumers but they are now being used for critical functions in businesses, hospitals, government and more. This trend is expected to continue with the popularity of mobile devices such as tablets well into the future. In this presentation we put Android up against Apple iOS to determine which, if any, are ready for enterprise or federal use. Once and for all we battle the Apple App Store vs. Google Play, device updates, developer controls, security features and the current slew of vulnerabilities for both devices. Which platform will emerge the victor? You might find that while the "tech is hot" the implementation and built in security controls are "not".
PLC based home automation (undergrad thesis)Sameer Patel
This project aims at automating many home appliances. The appliances are
controlled automatically and the functioning of the appliances is controlled by
the programmable Logic Controller (PLC). As the functioning of the appliances
is integrated with the working of PLC, the project proves to be accurate,
reliable and more efficient than the existing controllers.
The processes that are proposed to be automated in this project are:-
1. Interior and Exterior Lights
2. Burglar Alarm
3. Fire Alarm
4. AC On/Off, Lights On/Off and Fans On/Off Using DTMF
Also, the functioning of many of these devices will be interconnected depending
upon the events that occur. The monitoring of the complete process will be done
through SCADA.
Orion Network Performance Monitor (NPM) Optimization and Tuning TrainingSolarWinds
For more information on NPM, visit: http://www.solarwinds.com/network-performance-monitor.aspx
During this Orion NPM training session, we'll demonstrate the processes for optimizing Orion's performance. We'll cover tuning parameters and procedures for:
• Orion's website
• Orion's SQL database backend
• Orion's data collection services
The information covered in this class will be helpful for those administering Orion servers of all sizes, small and large, who are interested in receiving optimal performance.
GSM BASED POWER FAILURE INDICATOR WITH SMS TECHNOLOGYASHOKKUMAR RAMAR
INTRODUCTION
MaasTech‘s “Remote power failure Indicator” is designed to provide reliable monitoring of power supply to an equipment and if power supply is not available to the equipment it alerts the user by sending SMS and CALL alerts.
NEED FOR RPFI
In most of the industries, colleges & hospitals we have some equipment which needs power 24X7 days. So it will be connected to a UPS system. In case if the Battery is about to dry and the power are lost then it becomes a problem.
In such cases our panel monitors the power to such equipment and alerts the user when the power supply fails or when the system is running on UPS. So that the corresponding person can know that the system is running on UPS and necessary actions can be taken.
Our unit has provision to give alert, when the power is regained. In addition to this it has a provision to alert on 8 fault conditions through “NC”, “NO” contacts.
EXAMPLES:
• TANK OVER FLOW INDICATION (SMS)
• DOOR OPEN ALARM INDICATION (SMS)
• GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION (SMS)
• HOSPITAL AUTOMATION
• LAB EQUIPEMENT(EDUCATION)
• ICE FACTORY
• IT INDUSTRIES-UPS STATUS MONITORING
1.1 Operation:
Once the unit is armed and configured, upon any input the unit it will send 5 SMS to each mobile Numbers stored in memory. Additionally it makes call to the mobile numbers stored in memory to indicate the event
2.1 Configuration:
Insert the SIM Card into the GSM Board on the space provided. Connect the sensor Wirings and indicated on the panel wiring diagram. Connect the battery terminals to the circuit and switch on the Power supply.
After power up, the unit waits for the NOS Command for storing the mobile numbers to memory. It wont accept any other command other than NOS. The unit is accessible to only those numbers which are programmed through NOS Command. After the successful completion of NOS Command other commands can be sent by the user to process.
The unit always replies to the command sent by the user. If the reply is not received then the user must send the request again to accomplish the task.
3.1 Command and its Reply:
All the commands must be typed and sent to the unit as SMS Message.
thanks
R.ASHOK KUMAR
MAASTECH
89. RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD(NEAR SBI BANK)
KODAMBAKKAM
CHENNAI-600024
PH:044-24844676
R.ASHOK KUMAR-098402 34766
B. MAIL VELAN-098841 01622
Microcontroller based speedo meter cum odometerNexus
it is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. program memory in the form of ferroelectric ram, nor flash or otp romis also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of ram. microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications.
microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as automobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. by reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes. mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
Computation of profits and gains of business and profession for assessment year 2016-17 based on Goa University Taxation syllabus , for benefit of B Com students
Audit-inspection work of: machinery, accesories and instalations annual. According to European Directives 198 /655/EC and 2001 /45/ec. With a total 625 units inpected. Customer: Isaac Newton Telescope. Company: “Science And Technonology …” Located in The Roque de los Muchachos, at 2460, meters above sea level. La Palma Island-Canary Islands. September 2016
Meu nome é Helissandro Vieira Diniz, tenho 25 anos, sou natural da cidade de Iguatu, localizada na região Centro-Sul Cearense. Tenho um estilo que retrata o realismo, temas socias, mas também gosto de pintar outras temáticas. Até hoje não tive oportunidades de expandir os meus dons artísticos, mas busco incessantemente pelo reconhecimento de minha obra.
Event Sourcing (and CQRS) has become a hot topic. But what does it really means, why should we care and which new possibilities it opens for us? In this session we will introduce you to the main principles of CQRS and Event Sourcing. You will learn how to model your domain in terms of Commands and Events and how to build a reactive applications in Scala using Fun.CQRS and its reactive Akka backend.
Nuestra sociedad tiene que mostrar todo su respeto y agradecimiento a los mayores. Merecen un lugar principal en las políticas locales con propuestas para incrementar los servicios a su disposición y ofrecerles alternativas de salud, ocio y formación que contribuyan a mejorar su calidad de vida.
#PasionxOVD
This article describes ABB power supply solutions and communication and control system technology used in the Rio Tinto Alcan ISAL Smelter Production Upgrade project.
Authors: Bjarni Jonsson (RTA), Halflidi Loftsson (Staki Automation ehf.), Max Wiestner (ABB product group Aluminium)
Moving to 66kV: Are current switchgears and transformers adequate?Torben Haagh
When moving to 66kV, availability and compatibility of switchgears and transformers for 66kv installations can be a challenge. Is the industry ready to face the related challenges such as high prices, small availability and installation difficulties? Find out more details in the article here: http://bit.ly/-Article_MovingTo66kV
Hollywood Actress - The 250 hottest galleryZsolt Nemeth
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Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
As the popularity of online streaming continues to rise, the significance of providing outstanding viewing experiences cannot be emphasized enough. Tailored OTT players present a robust solution for service providers aiming to enhance their offerings and engage audiences in a competitive market. Through embracing customization, companies can craft immersive, individualized experiences that effectively hold viewers' attention, entertain them, and encourage repeat usage.
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Matt Rife Cancels Shows Due to Health Concerns, Reschedules Tour Dates.pdfAzura Everhart
Matt Rife's comedy tour took an unexpected turn. He had to cancel his Bloomington show due to a last-minute medical emergency. Fans in Chicago will also have to wait a bit longer for their laughs, as his shows there are postponed. Rife apologized and assured fans he'd be back on stage soon.
https://www.theurbancrews.com/celeb/matt-rife-cancels-bloomington-show/
Experience the thrill of Progressive Puzzle Adventures, like Scavenger Hunt Games and Escape Room Activities combined Solve Treasure Hunt Puzzles online.
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
1. ContentsGI-E Range
pages
General presentation 2
Application 2
Description 2
Sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) properties 2
Advantages 3
Tests 4
Safety 5
Reliability/Service continuity 6
Quality assurance 6
Standards 6
Environment 7
Rating 8
Principle of interruption and pole sectional view 9
Operating mechanism 10
Sepam 12
Metering and protection unit 12
Selection table 13
Current and voltage transformers 14
General presentation 14
Wiring diagram 16
Accessories and ratings of auxiliaries 18
Overall dimensions 20
Outdoor circuit breaker GI-E type “A” 20
Outdoor circuit breaker GI-E type “B” 21
Packing 22
Installation and commissioning 23
Order form 24
Outdoor GI-E 24
Current transformers 25
Sepam Series 20 26
AMTED300042EN.indd
2. DE60329
GI-E Range
Application
The SF6 outdoor circuit breakers GI-E range are particularly suitable for the
following applications:
protection of distribution system up to 40.5 kV
protection of transformers
switching of capacitor banks
protection of distribution network characterized by severe conditions of Transient
Recovery Voltage, largely exceeding the IEC requirements.
Description
SF6 gas (Sulphur Exafluoride Gas) is utilized in the oudoor circuit breakers GI-E
range, for the switching and for the insulation purpose.
The interrupting system using SF6 gas as medium of interruption is the “puffer
type”; it is the same system utilized in all the extra high voltage circuit breakers
benefiting of the large experience accumulated by our group, in this field, since years
60’s.
The breaking chambers of the three poles SF6 gas circuit breakers, GI-E range,
are mounted inside porcelain insulators. They have long creepage distance which
gets the circuit breaker suitable for installation in areas with high degree of
environmental pollution too.
Every pole is filled with SF6 gas at the rated pressure of 400 kPa gauge, referred
to 20° C.
The monitoring of the pressure of SF6 gas is achieved by using pressure switches
mounted in the lower part of the poles. The pressure switches are complete with
contacts and in case of low pressure, they are suitable to initiate:
An alarm circuit (first pressure switch contact).
The electrical block circuit of both closing and opening operations or the block of
any further electrical operations after the automatic opening of the circuit breaker
(second pressure switch contact).
The three poles are mounted on a base frame hot dip galvanised and operated by
a common three pole spring motorcharged operating mechanism which is housed in
a box having very high degree of protection.
Option for integrated measuring protection facilities and/or instrument
transformers.
Sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) properties
Sulphur hezafluoride gas has been used in the medium voltage and high voltage
electrical switchgears for more than 30 years for its excellent properties and even
more for its remarkable characteristics as a medium of interruption of an electric
arc.This gas combines the following main properties:
high and rapid heat evacuation capacity by convection of the heat originated by
the switching of the arc;
high radial thermal conductivity near zero current which allows the cooling of the
arc;
high electron captation capacity as the very high electronegativity of the fluorine
atoms, at the passage through zero current, captures the free electrons which are
responsible for the electrical conduction.
Several millions of different types of units using the SF6 gas as a medium of
insulation and interruption are estimated to be currently in service troughout the
world.They are operating with full end-users satisfaction.
Techniques of interruption using SF6 gas usually do not originate any switching
overvoltages and restrikes of the electric arc, assuring the blow out at the first zero
current.
SF6 is an insulating gas offering at low pressure too, very high dielectric strength.
At atmospheric pressure its dielectric strength is 2.5 times higher than air.
SF6 is an inert gas, non toxic, very stable and flame proof.
The possible presence of humidity in SF6 gas and the minimum quantity of
decomposition products originated by the arc are absorbed by molecular sieves.
The general properties of new SF6 are described in IEC 60376 section 2, while
safety aspects, basic information and guidelines for working with SF6 are covered by
IEC 61634.
For additional information about SF6 gas characteristics, end-users can refer to the
above mentioned standards.
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General presentation
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3. Advantages
The breaking technique
The range of the GI-E circuit breakers consists of modern switchgears in which the
well proven experience with the sulphur hezafluoride puffer type technology has
allowed the design of breaking chambers characterized by optimised injection of gas
SF6.
No overvoltages
The intrinsic properties of the SF6 gas associated with the own characteristics of the
“puffer type” breaking technique do not originate re-strikes and harmful overvoltages.
Steady monitoring of the “dielectric”
SF6 gas pressure monitoring device on each pole (pressure switch with contacts)
allow the steady remote control of the insulating medium.
Insensitiveness to the environment
The GI-E pole-unit provides a completely sealed system. It consists of an
hermetically sealed gas tight enclosure filled with SF6 gas. Therefore the live parts
of the circuit breaker are completely unaffected by any external environmental
condition.
Easy installation
The modular design of simple and modern conception allows to perform on site and
within few hours the installation, the general verification foreseen after the assembly
and the commissioning test.
Long electrical life
The limited energy originated by the electrical arc, (its own characteristic of the puffer
type technique of interruption) combined with the negligible deterioration of the
chemical properties of the SF6 gas allows to limit the wear of the main contacts,
getting the circuit breaker suitable for a service life over 20 years.
Long mechanical life
The spring motorcharged operating mechanism serie GMh, utilized in the circuit
breakers GI-E range, is characterized by a very high mechanical strenght and is
suitable to assure more than 10.000 operations.
Low maintenance
Under normal conditions of service the GI-E range circuit breakers are able to switch
off all the charge and short circuit currents. During their expected electrical life the
live parts of the breaking chambers do not require any maintenance even in the case
of frequent operations. Simple greasing of some mechanical components of the
operating mechanism only, is recommended to be periodically performed every 3000
operations.
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4. GI-E Range
Tests
The SF6 gas circuit breakers GI-E range have been fully type tested in accordance
with IEC Standards.
The type tests have been carried out at laboratories which enjoy high international
reputation as follows:
CESI (ITALY)
KEMA (HOLLAND)
SVEPPI (ITALY)
LUIGI MAGRINI TEST LABORATORY (ITALY)
Type test evidence and reports are available on customer request.
All the SF6 gas circuit breakers GI-E range are tested in our workshop before
delivering in accordance with the Routine test list and procedure, as stated in the IEC
Standards. The routine tests carried out on GI-E range circuit breakers are as
follows:
Power frequency withstand voltage test on the main circuit.
Dielectric test on auxiliary and control circuit.
Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit.
Mechanical operations test, which includes:
a) measurement of resistance of the operation coils and of the heating resistors;
b) measurement of closing and opening times. Check of simultaneous operation of
the three phases;
c) recording of closing and opening speed;
d) check of antipumping device operation;
e) check of all the electrical and mechanical locks and of the signalling devices;
f) check of the auxiliary contacts.
SF6 gas tightness test.
SF6 gas humidity test.
Conformity checks.
The routine test reports are filled in and issued by our quality control department and
they can be available on customer request.
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General presentation
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5. Safety
The design of the SF6 gas circuit breakers GI-E range has been made in order to
guarantee and to ensure the maximum safety to the installation and operational
personnel.
SF6 gas monitoring device
The pre-arrangement in every pole of a SF6 gas pressure monitoring system, by
means of pressure switches is able to give remote electrical alarm signals.
The SF6 gas
The utilization of SF6 gas (very stable and fireproof) as a medium of interruption
makes impossible any fire hazard.
The electrical clearance
Appropriate clearance distances between phases and between the line terminals to
ground have been provided allowing to assure insulation levels higher than what
foreseen in the Standard IEC.
Degree of protection
The spring motorcharged operating mechanism is housed in a box having degree
of protection IP 55, with door closed and degree of protection IP 20, with door open.
The design of the operating mechanism box has been performed in order to safely
allow the accessibility to the devices of operation and to the auxiliary switches.
Interlocks
The pre-arrangement of a simple and reliable selector switch provided with
mechanical lock prevents any dangerous operations from the remote control room
when the personnel are performing on the circuit breakers local operations.
Instructions
Complete and exhaustive instruction manual book relevant to the storage,
unpacking, installation, commissioning and ordinary maintenance of the circuit
breaker, is available inside every operating mechanism box.
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6. Reliability/Service continuity
The design of the SF6 gas circuit breaker GI-E range has been developped in
order to assure high reliability during the whole expected service life.
The reliability of the equipment is not only derived from the experience of the
service, as it is planned at the time of design of all components by means of severe
mechanical endurance tests and by the application of severe quality control
procedures.
The circuit breakers GI-E range assure long continuity of service because of the
following features:
long proven experience with the technique of interruption of the electric arc by the
system of self-compression and selfregulation of the SF6 gas pressure,
high guarantee of gas tight enclosures assured by the reliability of the design of
the sealing system and by severe tests performed in our work-shop before
delivering to sites, simple maintenance usually confined to quick periodical checks,
easy and fast replacement of the main components, steady remote control of the
condition of the insulating medium,
suitability for installation in any environment with temperatures ranging from -25°C
up to +40°C. For higher performances, please consult our technical department.
Quality assurance
High technology product like the GI-E range calls for the application of a quality
assurance program which goes beyond the usual acceptance test.
The design of the SF6 gas circuit breaker GI-E range has been strictly made in
accordance with the high quality level ISO 9001 which concernes all the process of
design, manufacturing up to the after sale service management.
Quality assurance organisation in force since 1975 and control procedures applied
to all the activities, from work shop to office work, guarantees the high “degree of
quality conformity”.
The certificate of compliance with the standard EN 29001 (ISO 9001) achieved by
the quality assurance system in force in our company is the evidence of our steady
commitment towards the quality. Schneider Electric has been qualified by CSQ, the
official independent certification body in the electric field in Italy.
Standards
The SF6 gas circuit breakers GI-E range for outdoor installation comply with the
following standards:
International standards IEC 60056 (1987) and IEC 62271-100 (2001) “High
voltage alternating current circuit breakers”.
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General presentationGI-E Range
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7. The Schneider recycling procedure
PE60243
Within the framework of the group’s environmental policy, Schneider services
has made an operational procedure available, enabling medium voltage
switchgear to be processed while eliminating any release of SF6 into the
atmosphere.
To help you to protect the environment, and to take care of your storage or
dismantling concerns, Schneider services offers to recover any of your equipment
that is reaching the end of its service life.
The GI-E has been designed with environmental protection in mind:
the insulating and conducting materials that are used are identified, easy to
separate, and recyclable,
SF6 can be recovered at the end of its life, and reused after treatment.
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GI-E Range
PE60244
PE60245
The Schneider recycling procedure for SF6 based
products is subject to rigorous management, and
allows each device to be traced through to its final
destruction.
Environment
Preserving the environment
AMTED300042EN.indd
8. All ratings listed below are in compliance with IEC Standards
Rated voltage (50 and 60Hz) kV 24-36-40,5 24-36-40,5
Rated insulation level withstand voltage at
power frequency
impulse (1,2/50ms)
kV
kV
80(3)
200(2)
80(3)
200(2)
Type “A” Type “B”
Rated normal current (1)
630A b b b
1250A b b b
1600A b b b
2000A b b b
3150A b b b
Rated short time withstand current for 3 s. kA 16 20 25 16 20 25 31,5
Rated short-circuit breaking current kA 16 20 25 16 20 25 31,5
Rated short-circuit making current kA 40 50 63 40 50 63 80
Capacitor bank breaking current A 630 1250
Rated cable-charging breaking current A 31,5 - 50 (***) 31,5 - 50 (***)
Operating times (*) Opening * ms 33/50 30/43
Arcing (max) ms 15 15
Break (*) (max) ms 48/65 45/58
Closing (*) ms 60/83 57/80
Rated operating sequence
O-0,3s-CO-3min-CO b b
O-0,3s-CO-15s-CO b b
Rated SF6 gas pressure kPa gauge 400 400
Rated line-charging breaking current A 10 10
Rated small inductive breaking current (**) A 500-1600 (shunt reactor switching) 500-1600 (shunt reactor switching)
Magnetizing breaking current (**) A 3-6-12 (no load transformer switching) 3-6-12 (no load transformer switching)
Rating
* with operating circuits energized at the rated voltage and
circuit breaker at rated gas pressure
** at present these figures have not been defined by IEC
standars -see IEC 61233.
*** for rated voltage 36kV and 40,5kV, rated cable charging
breaking current is 50A
(1): The current carrying capacities are referred to an ambient
temperature of 40°C as called for by IEC standards, as follows
- maximum value +40°C
- 24 hours average: maximum value +35°C
(2): The insulation capacity values are in accordance with IEC
standard requirements. For higher rated insulation level
withstand voltages, consult our technical department.
(3): Power frequency voltage withstand dry test: 100kV x 1’.
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd
9. Principle of interruption and
pole sectional viewE28673
E28670
fig.1 fig.2
E28671
E28672
fig.3 fig.4
DE60330
GI-E Range
Principle of interruption (the puffer type technology)
The principle of interruption of the circuit breaker GI-E range is based on the puffer
type technology.
Gas compression is self-generated in the puffer cylinder by contact motion during the
opening operation. The SF6 gas pressure necessary to extinguish the arc is self-
regulated as the arc core restricts the gas blow and causes the increase of the gas
pressure up to the arc extinguishing value. The pressure of SF6 gas blown towards
the arc is proportional to the value of the current to be interrupted.
The main contacts and the arcing contacts are initially closed and the opening
spring is charged (fig. 1).
Thanks to the energy released by the spring, the moving contact is dragged to the
open position.During the opening operation the following phases take place
subsequently:
Precompression:
At the beginning of the opening motion, the piston causes a slight compression of the
SF6, filling the compression cylinder before the arcing contacts are open.
Arc quenching and cooling:
Separation of the main contacts and transfer of all current on the arcing contacts
circuit (fig. 2).
Separation of the arcing contacts and priming, between the arcing contacts, of the
electrical arc (fig. 3).
Cooling of the arc thanks to the pressurised blow of SF6 gas which is generated
in the compression chamber. The blow of SF6 gas is driven towards the arc
through appropriate insulated nozzle.
Arc quenching at the crossing of the zero current.
Completion of the opening stroke of the moving contact, increasing the gap
between the contacts and sweeping away any arc product (fig. 4).
The SF6 gas decomposed by the electric arc recombines itself restoring stable
molecules.
The SF6 gas by product is easily absorbed by the molecular sieves which are
contained in an adequate quantity in the breaker pole.
Pole sectional view
The components of a pole of a circuit breaker GI-E range, namely the main and
arcing contacts and the blow nozzle, are the same as adopted for the indoor circuit
breakers.
They are highly reliable and time proven since these breakers have been working
successfully for many years.
The switching of the rated normal current and of the rated short-circuit current
takes place inside the “puffer type” breaking chambers.
In accordance with standard IEC 694 (96) 6.8.3, the poles of the circuit breaker
GI-E range provide a sealed pressure system, for which no further gas processing is
required during its expected operating life.
The poles are filled with SF6 gas at the pressure of 400 kPa gauge referred to
20°C.
Steady control of the SF6 gas pressure inside the pole is achieved by means of
pressure switch with two monitoring contacts.
Thanks to the excellent SF6 gas chemical characteristics and to the excellent
quality of the components utilised, the poles do not lose their own insulating
properties during their service life, even after many switching operations.
The breaker poles contain molecular sieves which maintain the purity of the SF6
gas without any renewal, even after a large number of interruptions.
LEGEND:
1 Cover
2 Molecular sieves
3 Upper terminal
4 Upper insulator
5 Fixed main contact
6 Fixed arcing contact
7 Blast nozzle
8 Moving main contact
9 Moving arcing contact
10 Compression chamber
11 Lower terminal
12 Lower insulator
13 Insulating rod
14 SF6 gas
15 SF6 gas filling valve
16 Operating shaft
17 Crank gear box
18 Pressure switch
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10. Operating mechanism
The SF6 gas circuit breaker GI-E range is equipped with a well proven stored
energy type operating mechanism, series GMh, suitable for three-pole reclosing.
This type of operating mechanism has been used for many years in the indoor circuit
breakers too and it is proven by a long service experience. The spring motorcharged
operating mechanism has been designed in order to assure a long mechanical life.
The operating mechanism is stored energy type.
The closing springs are charged by a motoreducer that can be operated either by
d.c.or by a.c.operating voltages;
after every closing operation the motoreducer automatically recharges the closing
spring.(Charging time is less than 15 seconds) The opening springs get charged with
the energy stored by the closing spring during the circuit breaker closing operation;
in case of emergency the springs can be manually charged by means of hand
charging lever. This device is removable type, located on the front of the operating
mechanism;
the stored energy is capable to carry out the O-C-O cycle without recharging.
Opening and closing operations have a speed independent from the operator one.
The opening and closing operations of the circuit breaker can be performed either
electrically by means of electrical push buttons, operating opening and closing coils,
or manually, by means of mechanical push buttons.
The mechanical and electrical push buttons are provided on the front of the
operating mechanism.
The electrical closing and opening operations can be performed either locally or
remotely.
The operating mechanism is equipped with a 3 positions selector switch, (local/
zero/remote positions with withdrawble key in zero and remote positions and with N°1
aux.contact available in order to remotely signalize the local and zero positions).
The spring motorcharged operating mechanism complete of all its operating and
control devices is housed in an hot dip galvanised box.
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PE41156
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd10
11. PE60235
All the exposed ferrous parts of the operating mechanism box (and of the
supporting structure too) are hot dip galvanised (600 g/m2
) in accordance with
Standard UNI 5744 which substantially corresponds to Standard BS 729, ASTM 123-
153 and DIN 50976.
The operating mechanism box has been designed in order to prevent the entry of
water and the deterioration of the mechanism due to the condensation that could be
originated by the humidity.
In accordance with standard IEC 529, the operating mechanism box has a degree
of protection IP 55;
the operating mechanism box is complete with two heaters, one of which is
permanently on, while the other one is controlled by a thermostat.
The accessibility to the operating and control devices of the spring motorcharged
operating mechanism and the watertightness of the operating mechanism box is
provided by means of a door, hinged on the left side and by a proper gasket.
A facility for the locking of the door by padlock device mounted on the door, is
provided.
The mechanical position indicators as well as the operation counter, which are
mounted inside the operating mechanism box, are visible from the outside through
inspection windows located on the front door of the box.
The indication of the circuit breaker position (open-closed) is achieved by means
of a mechanical position indicator. The indication is stressed as follows:
open position: with a black letter “O” engraved on a green background
closed position: with a white letter “I” engraved on a red background.
A gland plate for the cable entry is provided in the bottom of the operating
mechanism box.
The gland plate must be purposely drilled on site.
The available surface is 200x400 mm.
The cable glands are usually provided by the contractors.
All the electrical auxiliary equipments requiring connection to external control and
operating apparatus are wired to the terminal board in accordance with the wiring
diagram stated in the catalogue.
The wiring consists of homopolar PVC insulated, copper flexible black cable, type
N07V-K, having degree of insulation up to 750V and section of 1,5 mm2
.
The cables are anti-flame propagation type in accordance with IEC 60332-3
standard.
In order to connect the outside aux.cables, the terminal board is provided with
terminal blocks suitable for screw tightening and for cables up to 4 mm2
.
The terminal blocks are grey-coloured having 6 mm width; they are 6.6/6
polyamide insulated, with anti-fire additive, V0 class in accordance with UL 94.
Additional short circuiting terminal blocks for connection of the secondary of the
current transformers can be provided, on specific request.
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12. Sepam
Metering and protection unit
Optional Sepam Series 20 unit can be installed inside the operating mechanism box,
visible from the outside through inspection windows located on the front door of the
box.
Metering functions:
Currents
RMS measurement of the circuit’s 3 phase currents.
Residual current measurement.
Average currents and peak demand currents
Measurement of the average current on each of the 3 phases.
Measurement of the greatest average current on each of the 3 phases.
The peak demand currents give the current consumed at the time of peak loads.
The average current is calculated over a period that may be parameterized from 5 to
60 mn. The “clear” key is used to reset the peak demand currents to zero when they
are on the display.
Tripping currents
Storage of the greatest average value of the 3 phase currents and earth current at
the time Sepam gave the last tripping order, to provide the fault breaking current
(fault analysis).
These values are stored until the next trip order is given.
Diagnosis measurements:
Cumulative breaking current
The displayed value may be used to evaluate the state of the circuit breaker poles.
Operating time, charging time
Measures the device operating time. These data may be used to evaluate the state
of the pole and operating mechanism.
Number of operations
Cumulative number of breaker opening operations.
Running hours counter / operating time
Cumulative time during which the protected equipment is on load (I 0.1 Ib).
The cumulative value is displayed in hours (0 to 65535 h) and saved every 4 hours.
Phase overcurrent (ANSI 50/51)
Three-phase protection against overloads and phase-to-phase short-circuits.
The protection comprises four units:
IDMT or definite time,
instantaneous or time-delayed.
Sepam Series 20 offers a number of tripping curves:
definite time (DT),
IDMT.
The IDMT curves also include a reset time which is used for:
detection of restriking faults,
coordination with electromechanical relays.
Earth fault (ANSI 50/51N or 50/51G)
Connection and equipment earth fault protection.
Earth faults may be detected by three phase currents (3I sum).
The protection comprises four units:
IDMT or definite time,
instantaneous or time-delayed.
The characteristic curves are the same as those for the phase current overcurrent
protection.
Each set point has a reset time setting (by an adjustable timer hold with definite time
characteristic) that allows restriking faults to be detected.
Each set point has a 2nd harmonic restraint in order to ensure stability during
transformer energizing.
Negative sequence / unbalance (ANSI 46)
Protection against phase unbalance.
Sensitive protection against 2-phase faults on long feeders.
Protection of equipment against temperature build-up caused by an unbalanced
supply or wrong phase rotation or the loss of a phase and protection against low
levels of phase-to-phase overcurrent.
IDMT or definite time characteristics.
Recloser (ANSI 79)
Automation device used to reclose the circuit breaker after tripping triggered by a
transient fault on a line (the function includes 4 parameterizable reclosing cycles).
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PE41157
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd12
13. Sepam Series 20
functions type of Sepam
protections ANSI code S20 T20
phase overcurrent (1) 50/51 4 4
earth fault (or neutral) (1) 50N/51N 4 4
unbalance / negative sequence 46 1 1
thermal oveload 49 RMS 2
rate of change of frequency 81R
recloser (4cycles) 79 v
thermostat / Buchholz v
temperature monitoring (2) 38/49T v
metering
phase current I1, I2, I3 RMS b b
residual current Io b b
average current I1, I2, I3 b b
peak demand phase current IM1, IM2, IM3 b b
temperature measurement (2) v
network diagnosis
tripping current I1, I2, I3, Io b b
unbalance ratio / negative sequence current li b b
running hours counter / operating time b
thermal capacity used b
remaining operating time before overload tripping b
waiting time after overload tripping) b
disturbance recording b b
switchgear diagnosis
cumulative breaking current (2) b b
trip circuit supervision v v
number of operations v v
operating times v v
self-diagnosis
watchdog b b
output realy test (3) v v
control and monitoring
circuit breaker / contractor control (4) v v
logic discrimination v v
4 addressable logic outputs b b
additional modules
MET 148 module - 8 temperature sensor inputs v
MSA 141 module - 1 low level analog output v v
MES 108 module - (4I/4S) or MES 114 module - (10I/4O) v v
ACE 949-2 module - (2-wire) or ACE 959 (4-wire) RS485 interface v v
Sepam
Selection table
Detailed brochure of Sepam unit is available on request.
■ standard
□ according to parameter setting and MES 108 or MES 114
input/output module options.
(1) 4 relays with the exclusive possibility of logic discrimination
or switching from one 2-relay group of settings to another 2-
relay group.
(2) with MET 148 sensor option, 2 set points per sensor.
(3) with advanced UMI option only.
(4) for shunt trip unit or undervoltage release coil according to
parameter setting.
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd 13
14. Main charcteristics of optional instrument
transformers
The range of Merlin Gerin Instrument transformers has been designed for 7,2kV to
36kV voltage and rated currents from 5 to 2500A. In order to comply with higher short
circuit levels in the systems, the current transformers have been designed to
withstand 60kA x 1 second short circuit currents.
All our devices are up to the new and stricter provisions of the IEC regulations (partial
discharge testing is performed after the induced voltage withstand test).
Current transformers can be in accordance with:
the accuracy classes “TPS-TPX-TPY-TPZ” defined by IEC 60044-6 standard and
referring to transformer behaviour during short circuit transient phases.
Compliance with standards
All Merlin Gerin Instrument Transformers are in compliance with IEC 60044-1 and
IEC 60044-2 standards.
Transformers compliant with other countries’ regulations can also be supplied (AS
1675- AS 1243, IEEE C57.13, BS7626 - BS7625, NFC 45502 - NFC 42501, VDE
0414 ...).
Specifications
The working parts (windings and magnetic cores) are entirely enclosed in an epoxy
resin bloc casting, whose twofold function is to:
guarantee electric insulation inside the device,
ensure the highest strength.
The external surface of device is covered with silicon RAL 7035 color, whose function
is to:
guarantee electric insulation outside the device,
ensure the highest strength
Product quality over time is guarantee not only by thirty years’ experience in the field
of resin insulated instrument transformer manufacturing but also by:
the use of silica-loaded epoxy resin resulting in
high dielectric strength including at high temperatures (18kV/mm at 180°C for
20.000 hours),
insulation class B according to IEC 44-1 provisions.
extremely good ageing behaviour both to heat mass ageing according to IEC216
(over 20 years at 120°C) and to surface ageing obtained in salty mist.
In case of fire, no toxic substances are released in accordance with standards CEI
20-37, CEI 20-22 and ASTM D3286.
Extremely effective behaviour in tropical climates.
High strength even at the highest working temperatures (Martens point exceeding
105°C).
Accurate production process resulting in:
no blisters or blowholes in the resin thanks to vacuum casting;
low constant partial discharge figure also thanks to the high quality of the other
insulating materials used (SF6 injection in voltage transformer windings);
high strength and very good electric conductivity in primary and secondary
terminals even at the temperatures reached during a short circuit, thanks to
mechanical seaming;
process parameters remaining unchanged over time thanks to computer control
used to manage and monitor the whole production line.
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Current and voltage
transformers
General presentation
DE60331
Optional configuration with CT.
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd14
15. PE60237
current transformer type OAM3
PE60238
current transformer type OAM7
PE60239
voltage transformer type OVF2
Current Transformers type OAM3/N1 - OAM7
Characteristics:
Standard reference: IEC 60044-1
Rated highest voltage: 7,2 - 12 - 17,5 - 24 - 36KV
Rated continous thermal current: 1,2 x In
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Rated secondary current standard: 5 or 1A
For primary current 800A: Double primary ratio through primary coupling.
For primary current 800A: Double primary ratio through secondary reconnection.
Voltage Transformers type OVF2n - OVF3n
Description
Voltage transformer for phase-ground connection
Characteristics:
Standard reference: IEC 60044-2
Standard primary voltage Up: 30 - 33 - 35 kV
Rated insulation level: 36 kV
Rated secondary voltage Us: 100: √3 100 : 3 110: √3 110 : 3 V
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Rated voltage factor: 1,9 for 8 hours
Thermal burden: 450 VA
Nota : Detailed burden/class characteristics as per detailed brochure available on request.
AMTED300042EN.indd 15
17. CIRCUITS
(1) closing
(2) opening and SF6 gas monitoring
(3) closing springs charging motor
(4) a.c. auxiliaries: heaters, current socket, lightning
(5) undervoltage opening release
(6) available aux. contacts
(7) ammetrical connection for Sepam
(8) auxiliary connection for Sepam
(9) Sepam’s aux. contacts
(10) Sepam’s available aux. contacts
LEGEND:
EC anticondensation resistor
EL lightning lamp
ET heating resistor
F1 Sepam
KN antipumping relay
KP pressure switches aux. relay (locking)
M spring charging gear motor
QC MCCB for the protection of the closing circuit
QE MCCB for the protection of the heating and anticondensation resistors
QL lightning lamp switch
QM MCCB for the protection of the spring charging motor circuit
QO MCCB for the protection of the opening circuit
RUM varistor (resistor voltage dependent)
RYU resistor for the YU circuit
SC closing push botton
SM1-2 end limit switches of the springs charging gear motor
SO opening push botton
SOO consent contact to close the circuit breaker
SPA1-2-3 pressure switches alarm contacts
SPB1-2-3pressure switches locking contacts
SQ1-2 circuit breaker aux. contacts
SS selector switch D-0-L (remote - zero - local)
ST thermostat
XC terminal block to sectionalize the closing circuit
XE terminal block to sectionalize the anticondensation and heating resistors circuits
XE1 bivalent socket
XE2 bivalent socket
XM terminal block to sectionalize the spring charging gear motor circuit
XO terminal block to sectionalize the opening circuit
XU terminal block to sectionalize the under voltage release circuit
YC closing release
YU under voltage release
Y01 opening release
Y02 additional opening release GI-E Range
The diagram refers to open circuit breaker, deenergized
circuits, released closing springs, SF6 gas at rated pressure
and alive undervoltage release.
The circuits surrounded by the sketched line are
available on specific request
AMTED300042EN.indd 17
18. Standard accessories
Closing springs gear motor (M) complete with end limit switches (SM1-SM2)
Electric contacts indicating that closing springs are charged (SM1)
Closing release (YC)
Opening release (Y01)
Antipumping relay (KN)
Pressure switch with 2 contacts (SPA-SPB) (one pressure switch for each pole)
Aux.pressure switches relay (KP)
Local/zero/remote selector switch (SS)
Terminal block to sectionalize the closing spring gear motor circuit (XM)
Terminal block to sectionalize the anticondensation and heating resistors circuit
(XE)
Terminal block to sectionalize the opening circuit (XO)
Terminal block to sectionalize the closing circuit (XC)
Mechanical position indicator of circuit breaker position (open-closed)
Mechanical indicator of springs condition (charged-released)
Mechanical operated operation counter
11NA+9NC free aux.contacts
Mechanical close-opening push buttons
Electrical close-opening push botton (SO-SC)
Anticondensation resistor (EC)
Heating resistor and thermostat (ET+ST)
Operating mechanism box with degree of protection IP 55
Operating mechanism box hot dip galvanised (600g/m2 average coating value)
Hot dip galvanized supporting structure
Poles lifting facilities
Grounding facilities (holes)
Fixing anchor bolts
Spring charging lever
Packing: wooden structure covered with plywood panels
Nota: the porcelain insulators of the poles are brown coloured, RAL 8016.
Optional accessories
Additional opening release (Y02)
Under voltage release (YU)
MCCB complete of aux.contact for protection of the circuit of the spring charging
gear motor (QM)
MCCB complete of aux.contact for protection of the circuit of the anticondensation
and heating resistors (QE)
MCCB complete of aux.contact for protection of the opening circuit (QO)
MCCB complete of aux.contact for protection of the closing circuit (QC)
Mechanical interlock Ronis type;with key removed, the circuit breaker is
mechanically locked in “open” position
Key padlock device mounted on the door of the operating mechanism box
Portable lightning lamp (EL)
2 poles + earth bivalent outlet socket 10-16A/250V a.c.(XE1+XE2)
Hot dip galvanized supporting structure suitable to fit outdoor current transformers
Earthing clamp
Cables clamp
Flexible connection between C.B. and C.Ts.
SF6 gas filling device
SF6 gas (bottles by 5 kg or 20 kg each)
RAL 7035 grey colour porcelain insulators
Digital control and protection unit Sepam (see pages 10-11)
Current transformer (see pages 12-13)
Additional short circuiting terminal blocks for the connection of the secondaries
of the C.Ts
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Accessories and ratings of
auxiliaries
GI-E Range
AMTED300042EN.indd18
19. GI-E Range
Ratings of the auxiliaries
Standard rated supply voltages
d.c.: 24-48-110-125-220 (V )
a.c.: 110-127-220 (V)-(50/60 Hz)
Voltage variation range
The electric auxiliary equipment can operate satisfactorily within the range of the
following voltage variation table:
spring charging gear motor
85% - 110% of Vn - (a.c.)
85% - 110% of Vn - (d.c.)
shunt opening release
70% - 110% of Vn - (d.c.)
85% - 110% of Vn - (a.c.)
shunt closing release
85% - 110% of Vn - (d.c.)
85% - 110% of Vn - (a.c.)
under-voltage release
It operates to open the switching device when the voltage at the terminals of the
release falls below 35% of its rated voltage.
The closing of the switching device can be achieved when the voltage at the
terminals of the release is equal to, or higher than 85% of its rated voltage.
Maximum power consumption
spring charging gear motor
500 VA - a.c.
400 W - d.c.
shunt opening release
200 VA - a.c.
150 W - d.c.
shunt closing release
150 VA - a.c.
100 W - d.c.
heating resistor
150 W
anticondensation resistor
60 W
under-voltage release
75 VA - a.c.
15 W - d.c.
Ratings of auxiliary contacts
Rated normal current: 10A
Rated voltage: 250V a.c.
Breaking current capacity:
0,5A at 220V d.c.-L/R 40ms
3A at 220V d.c.-L/R 10ms
10A at 220V a.c.- power factor 0,3
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AMTED300042EN.indd 19
22. PackingGI-E RangePE60240PE60241
The packing has been designed in order to guarantee the correct protection of the
equipment during transportation and during the short time of storage before
assembly and commissioning in the substation take place.
In addition, on specific customer request, the operating mechanism box can be
protected by means of a thermic-weld barrier bag, complete of sufficient quantity of
dehydrated salt suitable to keep the internal humidity below 35% referred to 20°C, for
a maximum period of 12 months.
Every circuit breaker is shipped in a standard case having the following
dimensions:
length: 2800 mm
depth: 1100 mm
height: 1750 mm
Every crate includes the three sets of poles, the operating mechanism box
and the loose elements of the supporting structure.
The gross weight of the case including the equipment is as follows:
roughly 900 kg for circuit breaker with dimensions “type A”
roughly 950 kg for circuit breaker with dimensions “type B”
If are requested, the SF6 gas bottles for the first filling and the refilling devices are
delivered in separate cases.
The cases are suitable for indoor storage.
On specific customer request different kind of packing can be provided.
If CT’s are requested they are delivered in separate cases.
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AMTED300042EN.indd22
23. Installation and commissioning 0
GI-E Range
PE60242
Detailed instruction manual book (including all the information concerning the
installation procedure to be followed on site) is available inside the operating
mechanism box.
A careful reading of it, before starting any operation, is recommended.
The installation of the supporting structure on the suitable concrete is very easy
and fast; the supporting structure is fixed to the floor by means of anchor bolts.
The installation operation goes on with the lifting of the preassembled three poles
set and of the operating mechanism on the supporting structure and then with the
connection of the operating linkage between the poles and the operating mechanism.
A very simple mechanical setting of the operating linkage shall have to be
performed on site in accordance with the exhaustive instruction stated in the manual
book.
In order to simplify on site the lifting operation of the three poles set, the
availability of a lifting device is recommended.
The assembly operations do not require futher special tools, in addition to the
standard spanners.
Points to note
During the installation procedure, warning shall have to be taken in order to
assembly the operating mechanism and the three pole set having the same
serial number.
In case of transportation by sea/truck, the GI-E circuit breakers poles are shipped
at rated SF6 pressure; therefore it is not necessary to carry out any gas filling at site.
It means that the SF6 bottles are not needed, as the GI-E poles will be supplied at
the rated SF6 pressure.
In case of air-transportation, in accordance with the safety transport regulation in
force, the GI-E circuit breakers poles have to be shipped at a reduced pressure (50
kPa relative pressure). It means that, when the installation of the equipment has
been completed, the poles have to be re-filled with SF6 gas up to the rated pressure.
As the SF6 gas bottles for the first filling, as well as the refilling device are supplied if
requested.
After the circuit breaker has been installed and all the connections to the
auxiliaries and to the line have been completed, the end user may personally
conduct the commissioning test, in order to check that no damages have occurred
during transportation and storage.
The series of test shall be carried out in accordance with manufacturers
instructions, as for what concerns the kind of test to be performed, as well as for what
concerns the limits of the acceptable values. In this regard the IEC 62271-100 (2001)
recommendations will govern too.
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AMTED300042EN.indd 23
24. Order form
Outdoor GI-E
GI-E Range
Calculation zone Only one of the boxes (ticked X or filled by the needed value) have to be
considered between each horizontal line.
Green box X corresponds to none priced functions.
Basic circuit breaker Quantity
Rated voltage Ur (kV)
Breaking current Isc (kA)
Rated current Ir (A)
Rated frequency
50 Hz 60 Hz
Rated operating sequence
O-0,3s-CO-3min-CO O-0,3s-CO-15s-CO
Protection of the auxiliary circuits
by terminal block by MCCB
Electrical motor - M
24 Vdc 110 Vdc 110 Vac (50 Hz) 110 Vac (60 Hz)
48 Vdc 125 Vdc 127 Vac (50 Hz) 127 Vac (60 Hz)
60 Vdc 220 Vdc 220 Vac (50 Hz) 220 Vac (60 Hz)
Closing shunt release - YC
24 Vdc 110 Vdc 110 Vac (50 Hz) 110 Vac (60 Hz)
48 Vdc 125 Vdc 127 Vac (50 Hz) 127 Vac (60 Hz)
60 Vdc 220 Vdc 220 Vac (50 Hz) 220 Vac (60 Hz)
1st opening shunt release - Y01
24 Vdc 110 Vdc 110 Vac (50 Hz) 110 Vac (60 Hz)
48 Vdc 125 Vdc 127 Vac (50 Hz) 127 Vac (60 Hz)
60 Vdc 220 Vdc 220 Vac (50 Hz) 220 Vac (60 Hz)
Heating resistors - ET+EC
110 V (50-60 Hz) 127 V (50-60 Hz) 240 V (50-60 Hz)
220 V (50-60 Hz) 260 V (50-60 Hz)
Leaflets language
French Italian English Spanich
Options
2nd opening shunt release - Y02
24 Vdc 110 Vdc 110 Vac (50 Hz) 110 Vac (60 Hz)
48 Vdc 125 Vdc 127 Vac (50 Hz) 127 Vac (60 Hz)
60 Vdc 220 Vdc 220 Vac (50 Hz) 220 Vac (60 Hz)
Undervoltage release - YU
24 Vdc 110 Vdc 110 Vac (50 Hz) 110 Vac (60 Hz)
48 Vdc 125 Vdc 127 Vac (50 Hz) 127 Vac (60 Hz)
60 Vdc 220 Vdc 220 Vac (50 Hz) 220 Vac (60 Hz)
Accessories
First filing device quantity
SF6 gas for first filing (each CB needs 2 kg)
5 kg cylinder quantity
20 kg cylinder quantity
40 kg cylinder quantity
AMTED300042EN.indd24
25. Order form
Current transformers
GI-E Range
Current transformers
Type Quantity
Cubicle type Quantity
Standard IEC ANSI AS
Frequency 50Hz 60Hz
Highest voltage for equipment (kV)
7.2 12 17.5 24 36
Number of secondaries 1 2 3
Rating plate language French English Spanish
Primary
Rated short time current (kA) (kA)
Rated primary current
1st rated (A) 2nd rated (A) 3rd rated (A)
Secondary
1st primary 2nd primary 3nd primary
protection measure protection measure protection measure
Rated secondary current
(A) (A) (A)
Rated output
(VA) (VA) (VA)
Accuracy class
Security factor (FS) / Accuracy limit factor (ALF)
AMTED300042EN.indd 25
26. Order form
Sepam Series 20
GI-E Range
Sepam Series 20
Type of sepam Type Integrated Ring lug connector
advanced UMI
Substation S20 Quantity
Transformerr T20 Quantity
working language English / French
English / Spanish
English / Italian
English / Swedish
English / Polish
auxiliary power supply 24Vdc
48 to 250Vdc or 100 to 240Vda
Separate modules and optional accessories
4 input - 4 output module
MES 108 Quantity
PC parameter setting and operation software kit (1)
SFT 2841 Quantity
Use and commissioning manual
French
English
(1) kit including the CCA783 connection cord and SFT2826 software
Tick the appropriate box X and fill in these the needed values
AMTED300042EN.indd26