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Geothermal Energy
Introduction




Geothermal energy is defined as a clean and maintainable source of heat
and the resources has can range from 3 to 5 miles or less within the earth’s
layers. It is formed due to radioactive decay that is located about 4,000 to
5,000 miles deep at the earth’s core and in an area of extremely high
temperatures of molten rock called magma. In what is known as
the Paleolithic Era, which is a prehistoric period in history, this geothermal
energy was used as a means of taking a bath in a shallow reservoir and it
was later used to heat the living spaces of the ancient Romans. In today’s
society the type of energy is better known to be part of the
“Electricity Generation” which is the procedure of producing electricity from
other forms of energy.
California’s Geothermal Energy




A geothermal field in California that is known as “The Geysers” has the
largest collection of power plants in the world. The company of Pacific Gas
and Electric used this dry steam field as an effective way to produce power
since the early 1960s. It produces on average 15 billion kilowatt hours of
power per year, which is equivalent to using 25 million barrels of oil or even
6 million tons of coal per year. Today that are 18 power plants in this area
which are located just north of San Francisco that are on line and they
provide enough energy to supply the needs of San Francisco as well as the
city of Oakland.
Iceland’s Geothermal Energy




The country of Iceland is another region that also uses an abundance of
geothermal energy in similar manners as the United States. Originally
the reservoirs were used for multiple purposes ever since the first
settler name Ingólfur Arnarsson saw smoke rising from zones in
Reykjavík, Iceland. There are five major power plants that produce
about 30% of the country's electricity needs which equates to the
heating and hot water necessities for 87% of the nation's homes.
People of this area also use the energy for the heating of their own
swimming pools and as well as greenhouses.
Benefits


•   Geothermal energy consists of low running costs because it saves a high
    percentage in costs over fossil fuels and there is no fuel used to produce the
    power.
•   It reduces the dependence on fossil fuels with many countries pushing companies
    to accept these clean sources of energy because the burning of fossil fuels
    discharges greenhouse gases that are responsible for global warming.
•   Geothermal systems does not generate any type of pollution even though it
    releases some gases from deep within the earth they are not very damaging to the
    atmosphere.
•   Allows people to use this source of energy for taking bath, preparing food and for
    direct heating of homes and offices, this in turns makes it cheaper and
    inexpensive.
•   With the Government of numerous countries are participating in the creation of
    geothermal energy, this has created an large quantity of jobs for the local people.
•   It functions on a 24 hours a day, 7 days a week basis regardless of an changing
    weather, which makes it very reliable.
Drawbacks


•   Since it is not widely used the availability of equipment, staff, and training pose is limited
    across the world which causes a serious problem when trying to implement geothermal
    energy worldwide.
•   The setting up of power plants and the process of getting steam from deep within the earth
    requires a very large investment which creates a high installation cost.
•   The sites that produce geothermal energy, based on the drop of temperature, over a period
    of time can run out of steam. This can also be done if too much water is used in the process
    of cooling the rocks.
•   It can only be suitable for areas that have an availability of hot rocks located below the
    earth’s surface and that can also produce steam over a extended period of time.
•   At the point that the energy is removed, it can be only used in the surrounding areas and
    cannot easily be transported to other regions.
•   Even though it is unlikely these sites may contain some poisonous gases that can escape
    through the holes that were drilled by the workers who construct the plants during any
    attempt at transportation.
Conclusion


Approximately 1/2 of the world's geothermal created electricity is produced by the
power plants located in California which is enough energy to supply about two million
homes. This makes the pumps that are used in the homes very cost efficient and
studies have shown that approximately 70% of the energy used in any system is
renewable energy from the ground. Even though they might be a little costly at the
initial installation when compared to other heat pumps, in regards that the monthly
energy bills they have known to be lowered from anywhere between 30% to 40%.
Florida, which is the state in which I live, could definitely benefit from the use of
geothermal energy. There are no immediate plans to take any drastic measures to tap
into this process which in my opinion literally a shame is considering that it can
decrease our bills by 50%. Specialists have stated that geothermal energy can reduce
the country’s dependence on foreign oil which would eventually help with economic
debt. Just the fact that it is cleaner, more resourceful, and more profitable than
burning fossil fuels is enough to consider increasing its use. In comparison to other
sources of heat the ecological benefits of geothermal energy are clear because of the
fact that it releases no greenhouse gas and does not create any contaminants. And the
most important factor is that in contrast to fossil fuels, geothermal energy will always
be available for use, what other source can say that?
References
• http://www.energy.ca.gov/geothermal/
• http://www.iptv.org/exploremore/energy/viewpoints/viewpoin
  ts.cfm
• http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/tech/geothermal-
  energy
• http://news.discovery.com/earth/geothermal-hot-times-for-an-
  old-energy-source-111121.html
• http://www.rsd17.org/TeacherWebPage/HighSchool/HFerrer/T
  he%20Energy%20Story%20-
  %20Chapter%2010%20GEOTHERMAL%20ENERGY.htm
• http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/home/heating_cooling
  /geothermal.html

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Geothermal energy

  • 2. Introduction Geothermal energy is defined as a clean and maintainable source of heat and the resources has can range from 3 to 5 miles or less within the earth’s layers. It is formed due to radioactive decay that is located about 4,000 to 5,000 miles deep at the earth’s core and in an area of extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma. In what is known as the Paleolithic Era, which is a prehistoric period in history, this geothermal energy was used as a means of taking a bath in a shallow reservoir and it was later used to heat the living spaces of the ancient Romans. In today’s society the type of energy is better known to be part of the “Electricity Generation” which is the procedure of producing electricity from other forms of energy.
  • 3. California’s Geothermal Energy A geothermal field in California that is known as “The Geysers” has the largest collection of power plants in the world. The company of Pacific Gas and Electric used this dry steam field as an effective way to produce power since the early 1960s. It produces on average 15 billion kilowatt hours of power per year, which is equivalent to using 25 million barrels of oil or even 6 million tons of coal per year. Today that are 18 power plants in this area which are located just north of San Francisco that are on line and they provide enough energy to supply the needs of San Francisco as well as the city of Oakland.
  • 4. Iceland’s Geothermal Energy The country of Iceland is another region that also uses an abundance of geothermal energy in similar manners as the United States. Originally the reservoirs were used for multiple purposes ever since the first settler name Ingólfur Arnarsson saw smoke rising from zones in Reykjavík, Iceland. There are five major power plants that produce about 30% of the country's electricity needs which equates to the heating and hot water necessities for 87% of the nation's homes. People of this area also use the energy for the heating of their own swimming pools and as well as greenhouses.
  • 5. Benefits • Geothermal energy consists of low running costs because it saves a high percentage in costs over fossil fuels and there is no fuel used to produce the power. • It reduces the dependence on fossil fuels with many countries pushing companies to accept these clean sources of energy because the burning of fossil fuels discharges greenhouse gases that are responsible for global warming. • Geothermal systems does not generate any type of pollution even though it releases some gases from deep within the earth they are not very damaging to the atmosphere. • Allows people to use this source of energy for taking bath, preparing food and for direct heating of homes and offices, this in turns makes it cheaper and inexpensive. • With the Government of numerous countries are participating in the creation of geothermal energy, this has created an large quantity of jobs for the local people. • It functions on a 24 hours a day, 7 days a week basis regardless of an changing weather, which makes it very reliable.
  • 6. Drawbacks • Since it is not widely used the availability of equipment, staff, and training pose is limited across the world which causes a serious problem when trying to implement geothermal energy worldwide. • The setting up of power plants and the process of getting steam from deep within the earth requires a very large investment which creates a high installation cost. • The sites that produce geothermal energy, based on the drop of temperature, over a period of time can run out of steam. This can also be done if too much water is used in the process of cooling the rocks. • It can only be suitable for areas that have an availability of hot rocks located below the earth’s surface and that can also produce steam over a extended period of time. • At the point that the energy is removed, it can be only used in the surrounding areas and cannot easily be transported to other regions. • Even though it is unlikely these sites may contain some poisonous gases that can escape through the holes that were drilled by the workers who construct the plants during any attempt at transportation.
  • 7. Conclusion Approximately 1/2 of the world's geothermal created electricity is produced by the power plants located in California which is enough energy to supply about two million homes. This makes the pumps that are used in the homes very cost efficient and studies have shown that approximately 70% of the energy used in any system is renewable energy from the ground. Even though they might be a little costly at the initial installation when compared to other heat pumps, in regards that the monthly energy bills they have known to be lowered from anywhere between 30% to 40%. Florida, which is the state in which I live, could definitely benefit from the use of geothermal energy. There are no immediate plans to take any drastic measures to tap into this process which in my opinion literally a shame is considering that it can decrease our bills by 50%. Specialists have stated that geothermal energy can reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil which would eventually help with economic debt. Just the fact that it is cleaner, more resourceful, and more profitable than burning fossil fuels is enough to consider increasing its use. In comparison to other sources of heat the ecological benefits of geothermal energy are clear because of the fact that it releases no greenhouse gas and does not create any contaminants. And the most important factor is that in contrast to fossil fuels, geothermal energy will always be available for use, what other source can say that?
  • 8. References • http://www.energy.ca.gov/geothermal/ • http://www.iptv.org/exploremore/energy/viewpoints/viewpoin ts.cfm • http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/tech/geothermal- energy • http://news.discovery.com/earth/geothermal-hot-times-for-an- old-energy-source-111121.html • http://www.rsd17.org/TeacherWebPage/HighSchool/HFerrer/T he%20Energy%20Story%20- %20Chapter%2010%20GEOTHERMAL%20ENERGY.htm • http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/home/heating_cooling /geothermal.html