This document discusses the five generations of computers from the first to fifth generation. The first generation used vacuum tubes and was very large in size. The second generation used transistors and was faster. The third generation used integrated circuits and was smaller in size. The fourth generation used VLSI chips and required no air conditioning. The fifth generation uses artificial intelligence and has more powerful and compact computers.

2. INTRODUCTION
• The term Computer is derived from ‘compute’
which means ‘to calculate’.
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3. GENERATION
OF
COMPUTER
FIRST
GENERATION
FIFTH
GENERTION
FOURTH
GENERATION
THIRD
GENERATION
SECOND
GENERATION
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
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4. FIRST GENERATION
•Time period- 1946 to
1959
•Technology – Vacuum
tubes
•Processing – Very slow
LEE DE FOREST
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INTRODUCTION

5. FIRST GENERATION
FEATURES
•Vacuum tube technology
•Slow Input/output device
•Generate lot of heat
•Need of A.C
•Consumed lot of electricity
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6. FIRST GENERATION
ADVANTAGES
•These computers fast and
could calculate data in
millisecond
•Easily available and
inexpensive
•Vacuum tube technology
made possible to make
electronic digital computers
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7. FIRST GENERATION
DISADVANTAGES
•The computers were very large
in size
•They heated very soon due to
thousands of vacuum tubes
•Used machine language only
Very slow speed
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8. FIRST GENERATION
EXAMPLES
UNIVAC, EINAC, EDVAC, IBM-701, IBM-650
UNIVAC EINAC
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9. SECOND GENERATION
John Bardeen W.H.Shockley
Walter .H.Brattain
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INTRODUCTION

10. SECOND GENERATION
•Time period – 1959 to
1965
•Technology – Transistors
•Processing – Faster
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11. SECOND GENERATION
FEATURES
•Use of transistors
•High speed I/O devices
•Communication by using
telephone line
•Reduced size
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12. SECOND GENERATION
ADVANTAGES
•Better speed
•Calculate data in
microseconds
•Used less energy
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13. SECOND GENERATION
DISADVANTAGES
•Cooling system was required
•Constant maintenance was required
•Only used for specific purposes
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14. SECOND GENERATION
EXAMPLES
IBM-1620, IBM-7094, CDC-1604, UNIVAC-1108
UNIVAC 1108 IBM 1620
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15. THIRD GENERATION
JACK KIBLY
•Time period - 1965 to
1971
•Technology -Integrated
circuits
•Processing - Faster than
second generation
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INTRODUCTION

16. THIRD GENERATION
FEATURES
•IC used
•Generate less heat
•Lesser maintenance
•Support high level language
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17. THIRD GENERATION
ADVANTAGES
•Smaller in size as compared to
previous generations
•Used less energy as compared to
previous generations
•Good storage
•Better speed and could calculate
data in nanoseconds
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18. THIRD GENERATION
DISAVANTAGES
•Air conditioning was
required
•Highly sophisticated
technology required for
the manufacturing of IC
chips
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19. THIRD GENERATION
EXAMPLES
PDP-8, PDP-11, ICL 2900, IBM 360 & IBM 370
PDP - 8 ICL - 2900
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20. FOURTH GENERATION
TED HOFF
•Time period: 1971 to
1980
•Technology: VLSI
•Processing: Faster than
third generation
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INTRODUCTION

21. FOURTH GENERATION
FEATURES
•No A.C. Needed
•Very cheap
•VLSI technology used
•Concept of internet was
introduced
•Computers became easily
available
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22. FOURTH GENERATION
ADVANTAGES
•No air conditioning
required
•Totally general purpose
• Less need of repair
• All types of High level
languages can be used in
this type of computers
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23. FOURTH GENERATION
DISADVANTAGES
•The latest technology is
required for manufacturing
of Microprocessors
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24. FOURTH GENERATION
EXAMPLES
DEC 10, STAR 1000, PDP 11, CRAY-X-MP
CRAY-X-MP STAR 1000
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25. FIFTH GENERATION
INTRODUCTION
•Time period – 1980 -
onwards
•Technology – Artificial
Intelligence
•The fifth generation
computers are the most
advanced computers
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26. FIFTH GENERATION
FEATURES
•ULSI technology
•More user friendly interfaces with multimedia
features
•Availability of very powerful and compact
computers at cheaper rates
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27. FIFTH GENERATION
ADVANTAGES
• Advancement in
superconductor technology
•These computers are much
faster than other generation
computers
•These computers are much
smaller in size than other
generation computers
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28. FIFTH GENERATION
DISADVANTAGES
•They tend to be
sophisticated and complex
tools
•They can give more power
to companies to watch what
you are doing and even
allow them to infect your
computer
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29. FIFTH GENERATION
EXAMPLES
Desktop, Laptop, Note Book, Ultra Book
LAPTOP DESKTOP
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30. FUTURE GENERATION
OPTICAL DISK
• The following formats go beyond third generation
disks and have the potential to hold more than 1 TB
(one terabyte)
• Holographic versatile disk
• Protein coated disk
• LS-R (Layer–Section–Type Recordable Optical disk)
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31. FUTURE GENERATION
• Holographic Versatile Disk
(HVD) is an optical disk
technology, which can hold up
to 3.9 terabytes (TB) which is
equal to 850 DVD’s.
• It was introduced in 2004.
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HOLOGRAPHIC VERSATILE DISK

32. FUTURE GENERATION
• Term LS-R coined by
Hitachi in 2003.
• Optical disc technology
which allows much larger
data storage densities
than DVD, HD DVD or Blu-
ray disc
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LAYER SELECTED TYPE
RECORDABLE OPTICAL DISK

33. FUTURE GENERATION
• Mass storage capacity
• High data stability
• Low cost
• Long media life
• Harder to break
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ADVANTGES OF
OPTICAL DISK
DISADVANTAGE
OF OPTICAL DISK
• Transfer speed is not fast

34. CONCLUSION
Able to know the generation of computer.
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