A fire-resistant building is one that is designed and constructed to withstand the effects of fire and prevent its spread. It incorporates various fire-resistant materials, systems, and features to ensure the safety of occupants and minimize damage in the event of a fire. Some specific requirements for fire resistance in buildings are include in this presentation.

1. SIR BHAVSINHJI POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
BHAVNAGAR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVILENGINEERING
SUB.: BUILDING SERVICES
GENERAL REQUIRMENTS OF FIRE
RESISTING BUILDING AS PER NBC 2005
PRESENTED BY
Saiyad Afroz M.
(176490306100)

2. • India's National Building Code 2005 is one
document that gives comprehensive
information about various Indian Standards
that need to be followed while constructing
buildings and relates various requirements for
safety measures that need to be implemented.
2
What is NBC-2005

3. 1. A building or any portion of the building shall be
used if all exits and fire protection measures are
well placed and properly maintained time to
time.
2. In high rise building during construction dry
risers of 100 mm diameter pipe, drums filled
with 2000 litre capacity and water storage tank
of 20000 litre capacity shall be provided.
3
GENERAL REQUIRMENTS OF FIRE
RESISTING BUILDING AS PER NBC 2005:

4. Dry risers
4

5. 3. Every building shall be restricted in its height above
the ground level and the number of storeys,
depending upon its occupancy and the type of
construction. The maximum permissible height for
any combination of occupancy and types of
construction should necessarily be related to the
width of street fronting the building or floor area
ratio(FAR).
5

6. Occupancy
classification
Types of construction
Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4
Residential UL 2.0 1.4 1.0
Educational UL 2.0 1.4 1.0
Institutional UL 1.5 1.0 0.8
Assembly UL 1.0 0.7 0.5
Business UL 2.9 2.3 1.6
Mercantile 8.0 1.8 1.4 1.0
Industrial 7.5 1.9 1.6 1.3
Storage 6.0 1.5 1.3 1.0
Hazardous 2.8 1.1 0.9 N.P
UL-Unlimited
NP-Not permitted
4. Comparative floor area ratio for occupancies facing one public
street at least 9 m wide (NBC-2005 Part-4 Table-19)
6

7. 5. For high rise buildings, the following additional
provisions of means of access to the building shall
be ensured:
• The width of the main street on which the building
abuts shall not be less than 12 m and one end of this
street shall join another street not less than 12 m in
width.
• The road shall not terminate in a dead end except in
the case of residential building up to a height of 30
m.
• The compulsory open spaces around the building
shall not be used for parking.
• For entry of fire fighting vehicles in the building
area, the minimum width of main entrances should
be 4.5 m.
7

8. 6. For type 1 to 3 construction, a doorway or opening
in a separating wall on any floor shall be limited to
5.6 sq.mt in area with a maximum height/width of
2.75 m.
• Every wall opening shall be protected with fire
resistance door having the fire rating of not less
than 2 hours.
• Where openings are permitted, they shall not
exceed ¾ of the area of the wall in the case of an
external wall and they shall be protected with fire
resisting assemblies
8

9. 7. All electrical installations should be provided in
accordance with the standard code of practice to
prevent fire from electric sparks due to leakages.
8. Air conditioning and ventilation systems shall be so
installed and maintained as to minimize the danger
of spread of fire, smoke or flumes from one floor to
other or from outside to any occupied building.
9

10. 9. Smoke venting facilities fire safe use of exits in
windowless buildings, underground structures,
large area factories, hotels and assembly buildings
shall be automatic in action with manual controls in
addition.
10. The use of combustible surface finish on walls and
ceilings affects the safety of the occupants of a
building. The finishing materials used for various
surfaces and décor shall be such that it shall not
generate toxic smoke/fumes.
10

11. 11. The wired glass glazing shall be of minimum ½ hour fire
resistance rating.
12. The wired glass for skylights or shall be of minimum ½ hour
fire resistance rating.
13. Any exit may be doorway, corridor, passageway to an
internal staircase or to a verandah, which have access of the
street or to the roof of a building or a refuge area.
• Lift and escalator shall not be considered as exits.
• Every exit shall be maintained free of all obstructions.
• Shall be clearly visible
• Exit sign color green
11

12. 14. All buildings which are 15 m in height or above and
all buildings used as educational, assembly,
institutional, storage and hazardous occupancies
having area more than 500 sq.mt on each floor shall
have a minimum of two staircases.
15. Every exit doorway shall open into an enclosed
stairway or a horizontal exit of a corridor
passageway providing continuous and protected
means escape.
12

13. 16. Exit corridors and passageways shall be of width
not less than the aggregate required width of exit
doorways leading from them in the direction of
travel to the exterior.
• All means of exit shall be adequately ventilated.
17. Internal stairs shall be constructed of non
combustible materials.
• No gas piping or electrical panels shall be allowed
in the stairway.
13

14. • The minimum width of tread without noising shall be
250 mm for internal staircases of residential buildings.
This shall be 300 mm for assembly, hotels,
educational, institutional, business and other buildings.
• Maximum riser shall be 190 mm for residential and
150 mm for other buildings. In one flight the number
of risers shall not be more than 15.
• Handrails shall be provided at a height of 1000 mm.
14

15. 18. External stairs:
• Connected to the ground.
• Entrance
• No wall opening to an external stairs.
• Route without obstructions
• Flight not less than 1250 mm wide with 250 mm
treads and risers not more than 190 mm.
• A spiral staircase shall be not less than 1500 mm in
diameter.
15

16. 19. Fire towers:
• Safest route for the escape
• 24m height and 8 storys
• Walls with 2 hour fire resistance.
20. 15 m in height or above shall be provided with fire
lifts.
21. The slope of ramp shall not exceed 1 in 10.
22. Automatic fire detection and alarm facilities shall
be provided.
16