2. Geometry:
This word is actually derived from the Greek word
‘geometron’. Now, ‘geometron’ is actually made of
two words – Geo and Metron. So geometry is the
mathematical study of all shapes and figures. It
can be seen everywhere in our everyday life. We
live in a world of shapes and here we shall see
how mathematics helps us understand the basics
of geometry
3. 1.1: Point
A point is an exact location on the plane. It has no size. It is denoted by the capital letter of the
English alphabet.
Collinear and Non- Collinear Points
Points which lie on the same straight line are collinear points. The points
which don’t lie on the same straight line are non-collinear points.
Ray
Now we will discuss what is meant by a ray. What comes to your mind when
you think of the ray? Sun rays right? We know that the sun rays start from the
sun and goes on endlessly. That means it has the starting point but it has no
endpoint. So this nothing but a ray.
5. 1.2: Line
A line is a straight path that is
endless in both directions. That
means it extends in both
directions without end.
Line Segment:
A line segment is a part of a line.
The main difference the line and
the line segment is that lines do
not have endpoints while line
segments have endpoints.
6. 1.3:Plane
The plane is a
two-dimensional
surface. A plane has
length and width, but
no height, and extends
infinitely far on all
sides. It is made up of
made up of an infinite
amount of lines.
7. 1.4:Angles
Angle is the combination of
two rays with a common
endpoint. The symbol for an
angle is ∠. The corner point
of an angle is called the
vertex of an angle. The two
straight sides of the angle
are the arms of the angle
8. 1.5: Parallel and Intersecting lines
A:Parallel lines
When the distance
between a pair of lines
is always the same,
then we call such
lines as parallel lines.
