This presentation was given by Seamus Murphy (World Fish), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
New bellavita opportunity presentationLadi Sorunke
The document discusses health and wellness costs in the United States. In 2011, health and human services expenses accounted for 24.76% of total US expenses, while social security accounted for 21.79%. The health/social care industry contributed $1.136 trillion to GDP in 2011, accounting for 8% of total GDP. The document also discusses characteristics of different generations, including Baby Boomers born between 1945-1964, Generation X born between 1961-1981, and Generation Y/Millennials born between 1975-1995. It promotes a company called Bellavita that offers wellness products focused on the Mediterranean lifestyle.
New bellavita opportunity presentationLadi Sorunke
The document discusses health and wellness costs in the United States. In 2011, health and human services expenses accounted for 24.76% of total US expenses, while social security accounted for 21.79%. The health/social care industry contributed $1.136 trillion to GDP in 2011, accounting for 8% of total GDP. The document also discusses characteristics of different generations, including Baby Boomers born between 1945-1964, Generation X born between 1961-1981, and Generation Y/Millennials born between 1975-1995. It promotes a company called Bellavita that offers wellness products focused on the Mediterranean lifestyle.
Addressing Gender Issues to enhance adoption of the innovative solar powered ...Oussama Jebali
"Field testing of an innovative solar powered milk cooling solution for the higher efficiency of the dairy subsector in Tunisia"
This work is a summary of the report entitled "Addressing Gender Issues to enhance adoption of the innovative solar powered milk cooling solution for the higher efficiency of the dairy subsector in Tunisia" which explains the impact of a new technology - which is the cold on the farm using solar power - on the relationships between the Household head and his spouse. This Presentation is the result of a year and a half of research done by the socio-economic team of INRA Tunisia (Mr. Mohamed Zied Dhrief, Mrs Oueslti Mariem, Mr. Jebali Oussama)
Filling the Gaps: Impacts of farmers group learning process on empowerment an...IFPRI-PIM
This presentation was given by Elok Ponco Mulyoutami (WAC), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
Filling the Gaps: Impacts of farmers group learning process on empowerment an...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Elok Ponco Mulyoutami (WAC), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
Measuring empowerment in the abaca, coconut, seaweed and swine value chains i...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Hazel Malapit (IFPRI/A4NH), as part of the Annual Gender Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 25-27 September 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, hosted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and co-organized with KIT Royal Tropical Institute.
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-conference-2018/
This document analyzes 4 Yoplait yogurt ads that spent $25 million on advertising. A survey found that the ads were most appealing to white females ages 35-49 who frequently consume yogurt. Multivariate analysis identified 6 consumer clusters - cluster 4, who liked all ads, was the largest group and most likely to purchase yogurt. The analysis recommends targeting both females and males by featuring male endorsements to expand the health yogurt trend. It concludes the $25 million was worthwhile and the 4 ads should be launched.
The effects of sweetpotato commercialization on men and women producers and t...CGIAR
This study examined the effects of sweet potato commercialization on men and women producers and traders in Kenya. It found that commercialization provided some economic opportunities but also risks of worsening gender inequalities. While women gained more independence through income, some men took over production and marketing. Access to resources like land also determined how people benefited. The study suggests commercialization efforts consider social differences to ensure equal benefits for men and women.
New bellavita opportunity presentationLadi Sorunke
The document discusses health and wellness costs in the United States. In 2011, health and human services expenses accounted for 24.76% of total US expenses, while social security accounted for 21.79%. The health/social care industry contributed $1.136 trillion to GDP in 2011, accounting for 8% of total GDP. The document also discusses characteristics of different generations, including Baby Boomers born between 1945-1964, Generation X born between 1961-1981, and Generation Y/Millennials born between 1975-1995. It promotes a company called Bellavita that offers wellness products focused on the Mediterranean lifestyle.
New bellavita opportunity presentationLadi Sorunke
The document discusses health and wellness costs in the United States. In 2011, health and human services expenses accounted for 24.76% of total US expenses, while social security accounted for 21.79%. The health/social care industry contributed $1.136 trillion to GDP in 2011, accounting for 8% of total GDP. The document also discusses characteristics of different generations, including Baby Boomers born between 1945-1964, Generation X born between 1961-1981, and Generation Y/Millennials born between 1975-1995. It promotes a company called Bellavita that offers wellness products focused on the Mediterranean lifestyle.
Addressing Gender Issues to enhance adoption of the innovative solar powered ...Oussama Jebali
"Field testing of an innovative solar powered milk cooling solution for the higher efficiency of the dairy subsector in Tunisia"
This work is a summary of the report entitled "Addressing Gender Issues to enhance adoption of the innovative solar powered milk cooling solution for the higher efficiency of the dairy subsector in Tunisia" which explains the impact of a new technology - which is the cold on the farm using solar power - on the relationships between the Household head and his spouse. This Presentation is the result of a year and a half of research done by the socio-economic team of INRA Tunisia (Mr. Mohamed Zied Dhrief, Mrs Oueslti Mariem, Mr. Jebali Oussama)
Filling the Gaps: Impacts of farmers group learning process on empowerment an...IFPRI-PIM
This presentation was given by Elok Ponco Mulyoutami (WAC), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
Filling the Gaps: Impacts of farmers group learning process on empowerment an...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Elok Ponco Mulyoutami (WAC), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 5-6 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
Measuring empowerment in the abaca, coconut, seaweed and swine value chains i...CGIAR
This presentation was given by Hazel Malapit (IFPRI/A4NH), as part of the Annual Gender Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 25-27 September 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, hosted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and co-organized with KIT Royal Tropical Institute.
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-conference-2018/
This document analyzes 4 Yoplait yogurt ads that spent $25 million on advertising. A survey found that the ads were most appealing to white females ages 35-49 who frequently consume yogurt. Multivariate analysis identified 6 consumer clusters - cluster 4, who liked all ads, was the largest group and most likely to purchase yogurt. The analysis recommends targeting both females and males by featuring male endorsements to expand the health yogurt trend. It concludes the $25 million was worthwhile and the 4 ads should be launched.
The effects of sweetpotato commercialization on men and women producers and t...CGIAR
This study examined the effects of sweet potato commercialization on men and women producers and traders in Kenya. It found that commercialization provided some economic opportunities but also risks of worsening gender inequalities. While women gained more independence through income, some men took over production and marketing. Access to resources like land also determined how people benefited. The study suggests commercialization efforts consider social differences to ensure equal benefits for men and women.
Free 250 Word Essay On Life Experience. Online assignment writing service.Tammy Chmielorz
The document discusses the five stages of group development according to Tuckman's model: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. It provides leadership guidelines for each stage, noting that forming requires inclusion, storming benefits from patience as conflict arises from insecurity, norming develops close bonds and cohesiveness, performing is when the group truly produces, and adjourning prepares the group for disbanding. The model emphasizes recognizing each stage and adapting leadership accordingly to maximize group effectiveness over time.
Britain's love of chocolate shows no sign of abating, as the Grocer reported on our recent poll, if shoppers were allowed just one treat, a third would choose chocolate.
Together with the Grocer we investigated consumer's
views towards Confectionery - covering the good, the bad and the ugly, and we wanted to share this research with you.
Harris Interactive interviewed 2,081 members of the British Public aged 16+ through our online Omnibus service, to probe consumer attitudes towards confectionery in general, looking at a range of issues including health, pricing, product size, and displays amongst others.
Gender and Cash Crops: The Case of Coffee Production in Ethiopia essp2
This document summarizes a study on gender roles in Ethiopia's coffee production sector. The study found that while women play a large role in coffee production labor, making up about half of agricultural labor, they have less decision-making power and access to resources than men. Men control most of the land used for coffee as well as the income generated from coffee sales. The study recommends policies to improve women's access to education, land titles, markets, services, and technologies to promote more equitable participation in the cash crop sector.
This document summarizes the results of a Nielsen global survey of consumer shopping behavior that included over 29,000 online respondents across 58 countries. Some key findings include:
1) While core lifestyle values like family, education, and religion were widely shared, shopping preferences varied significantly by region, indicating a need for localized approaches.
2) Respondents in growth markets like Asia-Pacific and the Middle East were more likely to spend impulsively, seek out new and designer brands, and do additional research compared to developed markets.
3) Price sensitivity and deal-seeking were globally important but especially prominent in Latin America, Asia-Pacific, and the Middle East. Free gifts and in-store promotions strongly attracted
This document provides an overview of Market Based Management principles and practices. It discusses how most companies fail over time due to an inability to change with market conditions. To survive, companies must master timeless principles like integrity, value creation, and principled entrepreneurship. It also outlines the key elements of the MBM framework, including having a clear vision, assessing people's virtues and talents, using decision rights and incentives to motivate performance, and continuously improving knowledge through feedback processes.
The document discusses advocacy for children's health and well-being by a group of Early Childhood Educators. The group believes that healthy lifestyles in early childhood have a big impact on future development. They want to raise awareness among parents, children, and the community about promoting healthy eating and exercise habits for young kids.
Advocacy in child care presentation-final (2)nirojaa
The document outlines an advocacy group's agenda and action plans regarding children's health and well-being in child care. The group is comprised of early childhood educators who believe that a child's health in early years profoundly impacts development. Their agenda includes an advocacy statement on this issue, research conducted through surveys, interviews and internet sources, and action plans such as creating a Facebook page, holding a YMCA event, distributing brochures, and sending advocacy letters to McDonald's and Family Channel television. Their goals are to raise awareness on healthy lifestyles and nutrition among children, parents, and the community.
Advocacy in child care presentation-final (madonna)angelasiulingma
The document outlines an advocacy group's agenda and action plans regarding children's health and well-being in early childhood education. The group believes that children's health in early years profoundly impacts future development. Their agenda includes an advocacy statement on this issue, research on topics like parenting styles and screen time, and action plans such as hosting a YMCA event, creating brochures, and sending advocacy letters to organizations like McDonald's and Family Channel. Their goals are to raise awareness of children's health issues and promote healthy lifestyles.
Competitive collaboration in halal industryMurray Hunter
The document discusses opportunities in the global halal industry and strategies for competitive advantage. It notes that the current global halal market is estimated at $5-14 billion annually and growing over 35% per year. However, Muslim consumers represent diverse markets with varying incomes, tastes, and stages of development. The document advocates differentiation and value creation through branding, new technologies, and novel products as ways to gain competitive advantage. It also emphasizes the importance of integrating concepts of sustainability, ethics and community benefit with Islamic concepts of halal and toyib to develop integrated supply chain advantages.
Essay My Best Friend For Grade 1. Online assignment writing service.Cheraghearzu Donaldson
The document provides a 5-step process for seeking writing help from the website HelpWriting.net. It involves registering an account, completing an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing bids from writers and choosing one, making a deposit to start the assignment, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed work once satisfied. Revisions are available to ensure satisfaction. The website promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work.
Integrating gender into Kenya’s evolving seed policies IFPRI-PIM
This document summarizes a research project that aims to integrate gender considerations into Kenya's evolving seed policies. The research will examine opportunities and barriers men, women, and youth face in participating in vegetable and potato crop seed systems as Kenya moves toward increased regulation. Through stakeholder consultations, policy reviews, and interviews, the research will identify gender-responsive seed production models and recommendations to make seed guidelines and policies more inclusive. The goal is to ensure women and youth's interests are represented in policy discussions around seed standards and regulations.
Integrating gender into Kenya’s evolving seed policiesCGIAR
This presentation was given by Margaret McEwan (CIP), as part of the Capacity Development Workshop hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The event took place on 7-8 December 2017 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, where the Platform is hosted (by KIT Royal Tropical Institute).
Read more: http://gender.cgiar.org/gender_events/annual-scientific-conference-capacity-development-workshop-cgiar-collaborative-platform-gender-research/
The final lecture for the Fall 2017 ENVR E-170 Environmental and Health Impact Assessment of International Programs for Harvard Extension School. Presented by Dr. Joseph Hunt and Kyle M. Monahan.
https://www.extension.harvard.edu/academics/courses/environmental-health-impact-assessment-international-programs/15441
Detail Findings:
1.Consumer Usage and Attitude
•Purchasing of yogurt cup habit .
•Consumption of yogurt cup habit
•Purpose of yogurt cup consumption
2. Brand Awareness and Brand usage
•Awareness of yogurt cup brands
•Brands ever consumed
•Brands are consumed in the past 1 month
•Brands most often consumed 2
1. Consumer Usage and Attitude
Purchasing of yogurt cup habit .
Consumption of yogurt cup habit
Purpose of yogurt cup consumption
2. Brand Awareness and Brand usage
Awareness of yogurt cup brands
Brands ever consumed
Brands are consumed in the past 1 month
Brands most often consumed
2018 Oregon Wine Symposium | Labor Supply: A West Coast Perspective - Tony Vi...Oregon Wine Board
This session will focus on trends and the future of labor availability as it relates to the West Coast grape and wine industry. Carlos Castañeda from La Alianza in California will present on the history, Washington DC politics and current West Coast labor situation. Tony Viramontes of Jackson Family Wines will discuss best practices, economics of quality employment surrounding the H2A visa and developments of piece-rate pay. Jeff Stone of Oregon Association of Nurseries will provide insights into the local nursery and agriculture employee availability and landscape in Oregon.
Effective communication is critical for mitigating, responding to, and recovering from disasters. It is needed to convey warnings, instructions, situational updates, and requests for assistance between emergency managers and those impacted. However, communication can break down without experience and planning. Establishing clear communication protocols and investing in infrastructure are important to facilitate information exchange during these complex events.
Unehtical behaviour 06 05-2018 for the ssc class at bpatcDrShamsulArefin
The document discusses various forms of unethical behavior such as corruption, bribery, embezzlement, and mistreatment. It also provides case studies examining situations involving potential corruption and discusses factors that can influence ethical managerial behavior, including the individual, organization, and external environment. Managers are advised to create ethical guidelines, reinforce good behavior, and serve as ethical role models.
Inclusive international agricultural value chains: The case of coffee in Ethi...IFPRI-PIM
Presentation by Bart Minten, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI, made during the “International value chains in agriculture: challenges and opportunities to address gender inequalities” session at the WTO PUBLIC FORUM 2016
WORKSHOP
Linkages of Agriculture, Nutrition and Economic Development
Co-Organized by IFPRI, UPNG, INA, Australian National University, and Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
JUN 12, 2019 - 09:00 AM TO 12:30 PM +10
Cash transfers and intimate partner violence: Case studies from Ethiopia and ...IFPRI-PIM
Webinar organized by the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) and the Cash Transfer and Intimate Partner Violence Research Collaborative in support of the annual 16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence campaign. More information and full recording available at https://bit.ly/3pOlJx0
African Farmers, Value Chains, and African DevelopmentIFPRI-PIM
PIM Webinar/Book Launch, December 9, 2021.
At first glance, African smallholder farmers might seem unproductive, as their crops yield much less than potential and are often of variable quality. A new PIM-supported book “African Farmers, Value Chains, and Agricultural Development” argues that in fact they are largely producing following rational economic decisions, and that this situation is a consequence of the economic and institutional environment in which they produce. The authors Alan de Brauw and Erwin Bulte discuss ways that different types of transaction costs limit their market opportunities in general, including transport costs but also costs related to different sources of risks, trust, market power, liquidity, and even storage.
More information and full webinar recording: https://bit.ly/3rMpdTi
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The document discusses the five stages of group development according to Tuckman's model: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. It provides leadership guidelines for each stage, noting that forming requires inclusion, storming benefits from patience as conflict arises from insecurity, norming develops close bonds and cohesiveness, performing is when the group truly produces, and adjourning prepares the group for disbanding. The model emphasizes recognizing each stage and adapting leadership accordingly to maximize group effectiveness over time.
Britain's love of chocolate shows no sign of abating, as the Grocer reported on our recent poll, if shoppers were allowed just one treat, a third would choose chocolate.
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views towards Confectionery - covering the good, the bad and the ugly, and we wanted to share this research with you.
Harris Interactive interviewed 2,081 members of the British Public aged 16+ through our online Omnibus service, to probe consumer attitudes towards confectionery in general, looking at a range of issues including health, pricing, product size, and displays amongst others.
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This document summarizes a study on gender roles in Ethiopia's coffee production sector. The study found that while women play a large role in coffee production labor, making up about half of agricultural labor, they have less decision-making power and access to resources than men. Men control most of the land used for coffee as well as the income generated from coffee sales. The study recommends policies to improve women's access to education, land titles, markets, services, and technologies to promote more equitable participation in the cash crop sector.
This document summarizes the results of a Nielsen global survey of consumer shopping behavior that included over 29,000 online respondents across 58 countries. Some key findings include:
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2) Respondents in growth markets like Asia-Pacific and the Middle East were more likely to spend impulsively, seek out new and designer brands, and do additional research compared to developed markets.
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This document provides an overview of Market Based Management principles and practices. It discusses how most companies fail over time due to an inability to change with market conditions. To survive, companies must master timeless principles like integrity, value creation, and principled entrepreneurship. It also outlines the key elements of the MBM framework, including having a clear vision, assessing people's virtues and talents, using decision rights and incentives to motivate performance, and continuously improving knowledge through feedback processes.
The document discusses advocacy for children's health and well-being by a group of Early Childhood Educators. The group believes that healthy lifestyles in early childhood have a big impact on future development. They want to raise awareness among parents, children, and the community about promoting healthy eating and exercise habits for young kids.
Advocacy in child care presentation-final (2)nirojaa
The document outlines an advocacy group's agenda and action plans regarding children's health and well-being in child care. The group is comprised of early childhood educators who believe that a child's health in early years profoundly impacts development. Their agenda includes an advocacy statement on this issue, research conducted through surveys, interviews and internet sources, and action plans such as creating a Facebook page, holding a YMCA event, distributing brochures, and sending advocacy letters to McDonald's and Family Channel television. Their goals are to raise awareness on healthy lifestyles and nutrition among children, parents, and the community.
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The document outlines an advocacy group's agenda and action plans regarding children's health and well-being in early childhood education. The group believes that children's health in early years profoundly impacts future development. Their agenda includes an advocacy statement on this issue, research on topics like parenting styles and screen time, and action plans such as hosting a YMCA event, creating brochures, and sending advocacy letters to organizations like McDonald's and Family Channel. Their goals are to raise awareness of children's health issues and promote healthy lifestyles.
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The document discusses opportunities in the global halal industry and strategies for competitive advantage. It notes that the current global halal market is estimated at $5-14 billion annually and growing over 35% per year. However, Muslim consumers represent diverse markets with varying incomes, tastes, and stages of development. The document advocates differentiation and value creation through branding, new technologies, and novel products as ways to gain competitive advantage. It also emphasizes the importance of integrating concepts of sustainability, ethics and community benefit with Islamic concepts of halal and toyib to develop integrated supply chain advantages.
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The final lecture for the Fall 2017 ENVR E-170 Environmental and Health Impact Assessment of International Programs for Harvard Extension School. Presented by Dr. Joseph Hunt and Kyle M. Monahan.
https://www.extension.harvard.edu/academics/courses/environmental-health-impact-assessment-international-programs/15441
Detail Findings:
1.Consumer Usage and Attitude
•Purchasing of yogurt cup habit .
•Consumption of yogurt cup habit
•Purpose of yogurt cup consumption
2. Brand Awareness and Brand usage
•Awareness of yogurt cup brands
•Brands ever consumed
•Brands are consumed in the past 1 month
•Brands most often consumed 2
1. Consumer Usage and Attitude
Purchasing of yogurt cup habit .
Consumption of yogurt cup habit
Purpose of yogurt cup consumption
2. Brand Awareness and Brand usage
Awareness of yogurt cup brands
Brands ever consumed
Brands are consumed in the past 1 month
Brands most often consumed
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Effective communication is critical for mitigating, responding to, and recovering from disasters. It is needed to convey warnings, instructions, situational updates, and requests for assistance between emergency managers and those impacted. However, communication can break down without experience and planning. Establishing clear communication protocols and investing in infrastructure are important to facilitate information exchange during these complex events.
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2. Intensive value chains use more purchased inputs like fertilizers and hired labor, resulting in higher yields. However, extension services mainly target men.
3. Women do most of the labor in crop establishment and post-harvest handling while men do more field management.
4. Controlling for other factors, sweet potato yields are lower on female-managed farms compared to male-managed farms, indicating a gender productivity gap.
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More info and full recording: https://bit.ly/2TrpaNF
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Gendered post-harvest losses among informal retailers in Egypt
1. Gendered Post-Harvest Losses among
informal fish retailers in Egypt
Seamus Murphy, Ph.D.; WorldFish, Gender, Value Chains & Nutrition; s.murphy@cgiar.org
Froukje Kruijssen, Malcolm Dickson, Cynthia McDougall, Paula Kantor, Diksha Arora
2. Research Question - Post Harvest Losses (PHL) in Egypt
Hypothesis:
•Post harvest losses are greatest profitability constraint to informal fish retail in Egypt.
Research Questions:
1.What kinds & costs of PHLs are experienced between women and men retailers?
(biophysical, nutritional, or economic - which incl. market forces)
2.How do we evaluate the causes and outcomes of these PHLs more accurately?
3.What interventions effectively address these gendered PHLs?
4.Where do go from here to improve gendered PHL research?
3. 1. Study Design
• Longitudinal study of gender-responsive market interventions (SCD-funded IEIDEAS)
• Baseline survey (2013) of 748 women & men retailers across 5 sites.
• Endline survey (2015) of 151 women in 5 same sites (72 non-ben vs 79 beneficiaries)
• Data collection Sex-disag mixed methods qualitative & quantitative questionnaires;
a. Household characteristics and practices.
b. Enterprise trade & profitability.
c. Household gender attitudes and roles.
• Gender-responsive market intervention:
a. 5-Capitals approach; social, financial, human, physical and natural capital…
b. Gender-transformative approach; tackling power relations through action res…
4. 2.2. Baseline; Summary
1. Educational status of household members of women retailers lower than men
retailers. However, we also find women in men retailers’ households have
received more education than women retailers themselves.
2. Assets and livelihoods based assessments indicated lower socioeconomic status
among women retailer households.
3. Women retailers are more likely to be divorced than men retailers. Men retailers
are more likely to be single.
5. 2.1. Baseline; Household Characteristics
Governorat
e
Sex N Age Household size Children
<5
Children
<15
% of non
workers
mean Std err mean Std err mean Std err mean Std err mean Std err
Sharqia Women 33 33.7 1.70 4.4 0.33 0.67 0.15 1.97 0.26 0.46 0.04
Men 71 32.8 1.20 4.2 0.19 0.65 0.10 1.65 0.16 0.66* 0.02
El-Mineya Women 70 36.9 1.20 5.4 0.20 0.73 0.12 2.40 0.21 0.50 0.03
Men 35 41.4 2.30 4.3* 0.34 0.60 0.14 1.50* 0.21 0.51 0.05
Kafr El Sheikh Women 72 36.4 1.20 4.5 0.19 0.44 0.09 1.80 0.17 0.49 0.03
Men 55 38.3 1.50 4.1 0.22 0.53 0.09 1.40 0.18 0.56 0.04
Beheira Women 142 40.8 0.93 3.6 0.12 0.22 0.04 0.98 0.10 0.35 0.02
Men 68 31.8** 1.00 4.2* 0.18 0.79** 0.11 1.5* 0.18 0.59** 0.03
Fayoum Women 190 35.2 0.77 5.6 0.14 0.91 0.06 2.90 0.13 0.48 0.02
Men 12 42.6* 2.30 5.4 0.47 NA 2.00 0.43 0.56 0.03
Total Women 507 37.1 4.8 1.60 2.10 0.45
Men 241 35.5 4.3** 1.50 1.50** 0.59**
Significance levels are **, * for 0.01 and 0.05 respectively.
6. 2.3. Baseline: Retailer Characteristics
• More women retailers than
men retailers illiterate.
• Rates of women’s retailers’
illiteracy higher than
aggregated 5-governorate
official statistics – 53.78%.
(Fayoum, Mineya, Beheira).
Educational status of Women & Men Retailers:
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
7. 2.4. Baseline; Enterprises Characteristics
• Differences in volumes & species sold
between governorates and between
women and men.
• Avg. purchase volume of tilapia was
56.75kg/day.Avg. purchase volume of
tilapia for women was 46.9kg/day versus
79.65kg/day for men retailers.
• On avg. men were involved in selling
higher numbers of different mixed
species at the same time (1.8 vs 1.4)
8. 2.5. Baseline: Gendered Pre- & Post-Harvest Losses
Avg buying
price
(EGP/kg)
Avg price
– morning
(EGP/kg)
Gross profit
– morning
(%)
Avg price –
afternoon
(EGP/kg)
Gross profit –
afternoon
(%)
Tilapia super 12.5 14.4 15.0 13.3 6.3
Tilapia 1 11.5 12.9 11.8 12.1 4.8
Tilapia 2 10.2 12.0 17.8 10.5 3.6
Tilapia 3 7.4 9.6 29.7 8.6 17.1
Tilapia 4 4.4 6.5 49.0 5.5 24.5
Mullet 1 23.6 25.8 9.2 24.3 2.9
Mullet 2 21.5 24.2 12.1 21.9 1.8
Live catfish 10.2 11.8 15.7 10.9 6.9
What do we know so far: What types of losses
most affect women retailers biophysical,
nutrient, or economic losses?
9. 3.1. Gendered PHL Findings; 5DE of Fish Retail
Income: Questions on women’s and men’s involvement around use of retailers’ own and total household
income were posed to understand gender relations in practice.
Decision
making:
Gender-based differences related to household responsibilities & decision-making have
measureable effect on livelihood outcomes of fish retailers. Women & men report having voice in
the final decision. W/ conditional questioning (disagreement); a majority of women across
governorates report spouse’s view prevails, higher % of men report their view prevails.
Mobility: There is strong agreement that women need men’s permission to leave the home, though
agreement about women’s right to work outside the home has a mean of 0.94/hh. Adding
conditions, responses shift and there is relatively high agreement that it is not acceptable for
married women to work outside of the home if her husband earns sufficient income.
Leadership Low expectations around women’s capacities limits their agency from women themselves and by
others. Findings show women’s leadership capacity has limited acceptance among many men and
some women.
Time (Time-
use data
limited)
Time-use patterns reflected conflicts in balancing retail work & domestic responsibilities. 6.78%
of men report never facing conflicts. 78,3% of women report not having enough time for activities
than they like, due to fish retail. Women travel on avg. 3hr/day to wholesale mkts in Sharqia
10. 3.1. Interventions
• 5-Capitals Approach;
Market interventions that provide
support to women retailers in form of
social, financial, human, physical,
and natural capital
• Gender Transformative Approach
Theatre Action Groups
established where both women and
men retailers invited to act out and
discuss daily encounters of conflict.
Initiatives are retailer-led and
continue without program support in
three sites.
11. 3.3. Interventions; Economic Outcomes
Net Profit ($/day):
•Beneficiaries $10
•Non-beneficiaries $1
Net Profit ($/day):
•Beneficiaries $10
•Non-beneficiaries $1
FGDs: ‘Financial and social
capital are key.
Wholesalers and farmers
now competing over our
trade giving different
lending terms, prices and
quality.
FGDs: ‘Financial and social
capital are key.
Wholesalers and farmers
now competing over our
trade giving different
lending terms, prices and
quality.
13. 4. Next Steps…
1. Time Poverty: (Time poverty highest among women retailers in Sharqia & Fayoum)
Time
What were you doing?
Record your main activity for each 10-minute period
from 04.00 to 07.00!
Only one main activity on each line!
Distinguish between travel and the activity that is the
reason for travelling.
What else were you doing? Record
the most important parallel activity.
Indicate if you used, in the main or parallel
activity, a computer or internet.
You do not need to record the use of a computer
or internet during working time.
Where were you? Record the
location or the mode of transport
Were you alone or together with somebody
you know?
Mark "yes" by crossing
Alone
With other household members Other
persons
that you
know
Partner Parent Household
member up
to 9 years
Other
household
member
07.00-07.10 Woke up children Code 1.1 At home Code 3.1
07.10-07.20 Had breakfast Code 1.2 Talked with my family Code 2.1
07.20-07.30 --"-- --"--
07.30-07.40 Cleared the table Code 1.3 Listened to the radio Code 2.2
07.40-07.50 Dressed children Code 1.4 Talked with children Code 2.3
07.50-08.00 Wholesale Mkt Code 1.5 --"-- On foot Code 3.2
08.00-08.10 Went to work Code 1.6 Read the newspaper Code 2.4 Bus Code 3.3
08.10-08.20 Went to work Code 1.6 --"-- Code 2.5 --"--
08.20-08.30 Work Code 1.7 Workplace Code 3.4
e.g. at home, at friends' home,
at school, at workplace, in
restaurant, in shop, on foot, on
bicycle, in car, on motorbike,
on bus..
Use an arrow, citation
marks or the like to
mark an activity that
takes longer than 10
minutes.
At inception, Its aim was to understand the conditions and outcomes of farmed fish retail between women and men, its informal settings, scale and trader relations. Its findings informed subsequent market interventions across its five study sites.
Two multi-staged household surveys were conducted using structured quantitative and qualitative questionnaire and FGDs across five governorates.
To examine whether gender was significant to PHLs, we compare the male retailers with the male spouses of the female retailers and conversely the female retailers with the female spouses of the male retailers, examining their age and education levels. In addition we compare households by assessing the retailer’s marital status, household size, dependency ratio, and asset holdings.
Across the sample, women retailers live in larger hhs with higher number of children under five years of age but lower % of nonworkers. Women retailers’ families have a higher relative poverty status, as their larger families with more children are driven to put more members into the labor force.
Differences in volumes and species sold between governorates and between women and men. Across the sample, the average purchase volume of tilapia was 56.75kg/day. However, the average purchase volume of tilapia for women was 46.9kg/day versus 79.65kg/day for men retailers. Proportionately, men were involved in selling a higher number of different fish species at the same time: an average of 1.8 for men, versus 1.4 for women.
Sales price will decline over the course of the day. Because there are hardly any cold storage facilities available, retailers buy their daily quantity of fish from a trader in the morning and aim to sell the entire batch in a day. To illustrate difference in gross profitability&apos;s (selling price minus buying price) between sales in the morning and sales in the afternoon, the second table compares averages across species and graded products.
Little interesting findings its that more interesting is that tilapia grade IV (4-6fish/kg) fetches highest average gross profit (49%) and highest afternoon gross profit (24.5%).
The insecurity of tenure for vending space can expose vendors to poor working conditions, including absence of toilets and clean water, and exposure to adverse weather conditions such as high temperatures. These issues not only impair retailer wellbeing but also compromise the quality and value of the fish they are selling because there are limited cold storage facilities, thereby reducing retailers’ profit margins.
the 5-Capitals approach to market interventions provides social, financial, human, natural, and physical capital. Beneficiary women retailers were brought together to form women retailer committees, who were registered under the umbrellas of Community Development Associations (CDAs). CDAs are Egypt’s district- and town-level civil society administrative bodies. Village savings and loans associations (VSLAs) were formed of between 10 and 25 retailers. Beneficiaries received human capital in the form of training in accounting, business development & management and certification processes. Physical capital was provided to groups through delivery of ice boxes and partially-credited tricycles to registered VSLAs.
Gendered transformative approaches focus explicitly on the dimensions where power relations play out between men and women (Coles and Mitchell, 2011; Farnworth et al., 2015; Herr and Mutua et al., 2014; Muzira, 2009; Rubin et al., 2010; 2009; Veliu et al., 2009). The gender transformative approach established theatre action groups, where women and men retailers were invited to act out their daily encounters of conflict. These approaches were retailer-led and participatory in design. Significantly, these initiatives have proved sustainable as theatre action groups continue to travel and perform in neighbouring towns without project support (WorldFish, 2017).
To examine whether gender was significant to PHLs, we compare the male retailers with the male spouses of the female retailers and conversely the female retailers with the female spouses of the male retailers, examining their age and education levels. In addition we compare households by assessing the retailer’s marital status, household size, dependency ratio, and asset holdings.