This document discusses gender, human sexuality, and related issues. It defines gender as a social concept of how men and women should think and act, separate from biological sex. It also discusses sexuality as one's identity as a male or female. The document then covers topics like sexual orientation, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like HIV/AIDS, and abstinence as the most effective way to prevent STIs. It emphasizes that comprehensive sexuality education can help people make informed decisions about their health.

2. GENDER AND HUMAN SEXUALITY
GENDER SEXUALITY

4. GENDER
-social concept
on how men
and women
should think,
feel, and act.
- femininity or
masculinity
HUMAN
SEXUALITY
- being male or
female
- the way we
experience
and express
ourselves as
sexual beings

6. SEXUALITY IS ALL ABOUT…
• Your body
• Your sex
• Your gender
• Sexual Activity
• Your sexual orientation
• Your sexual drives
• Your values, attitudes, beliefs, and
ideals about life, love
• Healthy relationships

7. GENDER EQUALITY
- permits man and woman equal
enjoyment of human rights.
GENDER ROLE
- set of roles, characteristics, and
expectations of how a man or
woman should feel, think, and act as
influenced by parents, peers and
society

8. SEXUALITY
 is a natural and healthy
part of life
 is everything
about being a
male or female
 is the most
important aspect
in masculine or
feminine
identification

9. SEXUALITY
 provides a sense of self-
worth when sexual
understanding is positive
involves:
a.the name given at
birth
b.the toys played with
c. the clothes worn
d.the friends played with
e.the roles and
responsibilities at
home

10. SEX IS A MAJOR ASPECT
OF PERSONALITY.
The process of sexual development begins from birth to
adulthood thus it is a continuous developmental process
throughout life.

11. Sexuality refers to your total self.
physical self
mental self
social self
emotional
self
ethical
self
The way you look as a man or a woman
The way you think as a man or a woman
The way you interact with others
The way you feel about yourself and others
The way you value relationships

12. PHYSICAL
SELF
The way you
look as a
man or a
woman

13. MENTAL
SELF
The way you
think as a
man or a
woman

14. SOCIAL
SELF
The way you
interact with
others

15. EMOTIONAL
SELF
The way
you feel
about
yourself
and others

16. ETHICAL
SELF
The way you
value
relationship
s

17. Assessing Your Health
Making Good
Decisions
Communicating
Effectively
Practicing Wellness
Setting Goals
Using Refusal Skills
Evaluating Media
Messages

18. HEALTHY RELATIONSHIPS
• RELATIONSHIPS THAT SET BOUNDARIES
• Lines or limitations between you and the world
around you.
• In relationships, boundaries are emotional, physical,
and mental rules of respect that you set between
yourself and someone else.
• Boundaries are guidelines that ensure your wellness,
comfort, and safety with another person
• Boundaries may be flexible and change over time, as
the relationships in your life develop and grow.

19. SEXUAL ORIENTATION
• An enduring pattern of attraction—
emotional, romantic, sexual, or
some combination of these—to the
opposite sex, the same sex, or
both sexes
• Heterosexual, Homosexual,
Bisexual, Asexual

20. • Heterosexual- romantic or sexual attraction or
behavior between persons of opposite sex
• Homosexual-romantic or sexual attraction or
behavior between members of the same sex or
gender
• Bisexual-romantic or sexual attraction or
sexual behavior toward males and females
• Asexual -the lack of romantic or sexual
attraction to others

22. WHAT CAUSES IT?
• NATURE VERSUS NURTURE
• GENES VERSUS THE ENVIRONMENT
• Troubled family dynamics?
• Faulty psychological development?
• Biological causes such as genetic defects?
• Childhood sexual abuse?
• Hormonal imbalance?
• No one knows what causes
heterosexuality, homosexuality, or
bisexuality.

23. FACTORS AFFECTING SEXUAL
ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR
Family
Culture
Peers
Media

24. ABSTINENCE is the best decision
one can make in safeguarding
sexual health.

25. LESSON 2
ISSUES AND PROBLEMS RELATED TO
HUMAN SEXUALITY
• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE >
communicable disease that is spread from
person to person through sexual contact.
STD is preventable.
• Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) >
communicable disease caused that is spred
by pathogen from one person to another
through sexual contact.

26. Also known as Sexually
Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Spread of an infection from
person to person mainly through
sexual activity

27. STDs are more than just an embarrassment.
They're a serious health problem. If untreated,
some STDs can cause permanent damage,
such as infertility (the inability to have a baby)
and even death (in the case of HIV/AIDS).

28. Breaking news
• Davao City was earlier reported by
health authorities to have the second
highest increase in cases of HIV-Aids
cases in the country during the last five
years
• The National Aids Registry of the
National Epidemiology Center (NEC), a
unit under the Department of Health, has
a consolidated data of 124 cases of HIV
in Southern Mindanao alone.

29. • Of the said number, 40 of them
were homosexuals, 28 were
bisexuals and 26 were
heterosexuals
• Recently, the City was shaken by
a report about a supposed 12-year
old girl who tested positive of
HIV.

31. HIV VERSUS
AIDS
• Human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) is the virus which
causes Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS )

32. HIV VERSUS AIDS
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
• The PATHOGEN-
specifically, a VIRUS
that causes AIDS
• simian
immunodeficiency
virus (SIV) from the
apes, chimpanzees
and monkeys in
Congo, Africa (1959-
1960)
Acquired Immuno Deficiency
Syndrome (AIDS)
• The disease; the
END RESULT of HIV
• Late/ Final Stage of
HIV

33. SIV was transferred
to humans as a result
of chimps being killed
and eaten or their
blood getting into
cuts or wounds on
the hunter. Normally
the hunter's body
would have fought off
SIV, but on a few
occasions it adapted
itself within its new
human host and
became HIV

35. How HIV Works
• HIV ->bloodstream->white blood cells (T4
cells)
• Virus slowly destroys T4 cells
• Forces T4 cells to make copies of HIV
• Eventually the cell dies
• Moves on to other T4 cells
• Can be up to 10 years before person
shows signs; by that time the virus has
already overwhelmed the immune system

36. COMMON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS
• ACQUIRED
IMMUNE
DEFICIENCY
SYNDROME
(AIDS)
Pathogen:
Human Immuno-
deficiency virus.

37. WHEN HIV BECOMES AIDS

38. HOW HIV SPREADS
SPREADS BY:
1. Bodily Fluids
– Blood
– Semen
– Vaginal secretions
– Breast milk
2. Sexual Contact
3. Blood to Blood Contact
• Sharing of Needles
• Tattoos/ Piercing
• Needle Stick Injury
DOES NOT SPREAD BY:
• Saliva
• Tears
• Sweat
• Feces
• Urine
• Casual contact – dry
mouth kissing, hugging,
being sneezed on or
coughed on.
• Mosquito bites

39. Signs and symptoms HIV and
AIDS
• There are no true signs of
having HIV.
• One may experience flu – like
symptoms of chills, fever, night
sweats, rashes, etc.
• Some will have no signs or
symptoms.

40. Chlamydia Trachomatis

41. ©2010 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved
Gonorrhea
Gonococcal conjunctivitis
○Eye infection of a infant
that can cause blindness
if not treated
41

43. GENITAL HERPES
• HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2 (HSV-2)
• PAINFUL, ITCHY BLISTERS IN THE GENITAL
AREA

44. GENITAL WARTS
• HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)
• PAINLESS WARTS IN THE GENITAL AREA

45. DISEASE INFECTIOUS
AGENT
OBSERVABLE
SYMPTOMS
CHLAMYDIA Chlamydia trachomatis
BACTERIA
USUALLY NO SYMPTOMS;
BURNING SENSATION
DURING URINATION
GONORRHEA Neisseria gonorrhoeae
BACTERIA
SWOLLEN LYMPH NODES
IN THE GROIN AREA
HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) YELLOWING OF SKIN
(JAUNDICE)
GENITAL WARTS HUMAN
PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)
PAINLESS WARTS IN THE
GENITAL AREA
GENITAL HERPES HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
TYPE 2 (HSV-2)
PAINFUL, ITCHY BLISTERS
IN THE GENITAL AREA

47. QUESTION
• WHAT IS THE SINGLE MOST
SUCCESSFUL METHOD TO PREVENT
OR AVOID HAVING SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES? THIS IS
100% EFFECTIVE AND IS
UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED:
___________________________

48. ANSWER:
•Abstinence - 100%
•Abstinence- means
refraining from any
sexual activity until IT IS
THE RIGHT TIME

49. OTHER WAYS
• Have Safe Sex - Practice
Monogamy – (when two people
have intercourse with only each
other for their entire lives). In the
context of marriage.
• Don’t use dirty needles
• Get tested

50. A POINT
TO
PONDER
ON………
……

52. REFLECTION• Abstinence means refraining from
any sexual activity until IT IS THE
RIGHT TIME. For you, WHEN IS THE
RIGHT TIME? EXPLAIN.
• HOW DO I DEAL WITH SEXUAL
FEELINGS OR URGES AS A
TEENAGER?

53. 2 questions to reflect and
bring home….
• WHAT IS A HEALTHY
SEXUALITY FOR ME?
• HOW DOES MY SEXUALITY
AFFECT WHO I AM AS A
PERSON?

54. POST TEST- MODIFIED TRUE OR
FALSE
1. A PERSON WITH STD MAY HAVE NO
SYMPTOMS.
2. HIV IS PASSED FROM ONE PERSON TO
ANOTHER THROUGH KISSING
3. THE ONLY SURE WAY TO PREVENT AN STD IS TO
PRACTICE GOOD HYGIENE
4. A PERSON WHO CONTRACTS HIV MAY BECOME
SICK QUICKLY OR CAN LIVE SYMPTOM FREE FOR
SEVERAL YEARS

55. • 5. HIV AND AIDS ARE THE SAME.
• 6. EVERYONE WITH AIDS ARE INFECTED WITH
HIV BUT PEOPLE INFECTED WITH HIV DO NOT
NECESSARILY HAVE AIDS.
• 7-10: MATCH THE PHOTOS WITH THE STD

56. CHOICES: CHLAMYDIA, GENITAL HERPES,
GENITAL WARTS, HEPATITIS B

57. SO… WHAT DO YOU THINK?

58. CHLAMYDIA
DO YOU WANNA SEE?
REALLY?
THIS?

59. GONORRHEA

60. SYPHILLIS

61. AFTER SEEINGTHE
PHOTOS….
WHAT
NOW?

62. GOVERNMENT POLICIES IN
THE PREVENTION AND
CONTROL OF HIV / AIDS
•R.A. 8504
–
PHILIPPINE
AIDS LAW
•R.A. 7719
BLOOD
SERVICES ACT
OF 1994

63. ARE YOU SAFEGUARDING YOURSELFFROM THESE
DISEASES?
RESPECT ONE’S GENDER
and SEXUALITY!

64. INTRODUCTION
As you continue to grow and develop, it is
important that you know how to manage the
crucial aspect of your personality, your sexual
health. This module will help you understand the
concept of gender and human sexuality. It will
also enhance your decision-making skills to help
you manage sexuality-related concerns.

65. INTRODUCTION
Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) like
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as link to gender and human sexuality
issues is particularly significant for one’s sexuality as significant
factor to the optimum development of family health. Prevailing
norms and standards of society relative to gender and human
sexuality have greatly influenced the important growing
implications for the HIV and AIDS challenge.

66. INTRODUCTION
As a final point, education for human
sexuality will help you make intelligent decisions
concerning sexual behaviors and will help you
grow into a mature man or a mature woman.

67. Gender, Culture, and Identity
• gender, like other subcultural markers, affect
how one perceives themselves and how they are
perceived by others
– this is referred to as one's self-identity and one's
social identity
• both are shaped by a person's culture
– how they are supposed to think and behave is
contingent upon that culture's ideas about gender
and the roles, rights, and responsibilities inherent
within
• identity often serves as the basis for the
formation of social groups, as well as the origins
of social stratification and inequality

68. Sex versus Gender
• sex refers to the biological differences
between males and females based on
physiological factors, including:
– sex chromosomes, reproductive organs,
hormones, secondary characteristics
• gender refers to the way a society perceives,
evaluates, and expects males and females to
behave
• all societies have gender categories but the
traits assigned to each differ from culture to
culture

69. Sex versus Gender
• there are two main biological differences that
are useful in a comparative study of sex and
gender cross-culturally
– sexual dimorphism
• physical differences based on genetic differences
between males and females
• ex: differences in size and strength
– reproductive physiology
• women's ability to become pregnant, carry and birth
children, and produce milk to nurse them
• men's contribution of sperm
• both areas are interpreted differently
depending on the culture

70. The Cultural Construction of Gender
• similar to the concept of “race as a cultural
construction,” the construction of gender refers
to how cultures take the framework set up by
biology and add meaning and value to it
• they do this in many ways
– what is manhood, or womanhood?
– masculinity and femininity?
– what roles are appropriate for each?
• careers, members of a household, members of society
– what kinds of symbols are equated with each?
– what rights and obligations do each have?
– how distinct are the differences between each
biological sex?

71. Thank You
FOR
Listening
Prepared by Mam Wamar