this ppt is about the presence of women in politics all over the globe, mostly the ways of women entering in politics, its effect and the empowerment of women in politics

1. WWOOMMEENN IINN PPOOLLIITTIICCSS
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2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN IN POLITICS
HISTORY OF WOMEN IN POLITICS
WOMEN IN POLITICS IN INDIA AND WORLD-WIDE
GRAPHICAL VIEW OF WOMEN IN POLITCS
HOW DO WE GET MORE WOMEN IN POLITICS
IMPACTS OF WOMEN IN POLITICS
CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN IN POLITICS
RESERVATION FOR WOMEN IN POLITICS
CONCLUSION
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3. IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN
““WWoommeenn eemmppoowweerrmmeenntt rreeffeerrss ttoo iinnccrreeaassiinngg tthhee ssppiirriittuuaall,, ppoolliittiiccaall,, ssoocciiaall oorr
eeccoonnoommiicc ssttrreennggtthh ooff wwoommeenn.. IItt oofftteenn iinnvvoollvveess tthhee eemmppoowweerreedd ddeevveellooppiinngg
ccoonnffiiddeennccee iinn tthheeiirr oowwnn ccaappaacciittiieess””..
Promoting Women’s Political Leadership in Governance in India and South
Asia. The Government of India had ushered in the new millennium by
declaring the year 2001 as ‘Women’s Empowerment Year’ to focus on vision
‘where women are equal partners like men.’
Women’s empowerment is the ability to the exercise full control over one’s
action. The last few decades have witnessed some basic changes in the
status and role of women in our society.
“Achieving parity for women in politics will achieve parity for women in
human rights.” 3

4. Women upliftment and empowerment in India first received National and
International recognition when the Indira Gandhi’s Government launched
the Indira Mahila Yojana and when the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP) incorporated the issue of Women Upliftment as one
of its primary objective.
In 1954, the United Nations Convention on the Political Rights of Women
went into force, enshrining women's equal rights to vote, hold office, and
access public services as provided for male citizens within national laws.
There has been shift in policy approaches from the concept of ‘welfare’ in
seventies to ‘development’ in eighties and now to ‘empowerment’ in the
nineties.
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5. Women in Politics
• In July 2008, women accounted for 18.4 % of parliamentarians worldwide (IPU,
2008)
– In Arab Countries this number stood at 9.7%
• This disparity rarely reflects legal restrictions:
– Women can vote, women can support candidates, and women can run for
o ffice in almost every country
– In many countries, female voter turnout exceeds male turnout
• An important policy response has been gender quotas in politics: Over 100
countries have some form of political affirmative action 5

6. iinnddiiaann WWoommeenn iinn PPoolliittiiccss
Mrs. Pratibha Patil
Mrs. Pratibha Patil
First Women
President of India
First Women
President of India
Sheila Dixit
C.M. of New Delhi
MMaayyaavvaatiti
Sonia Gandhi
Chair-Person of Congress
Mamta Banerjee
Chief minister of
West Bengal
Mamta Banerjee
Chief minister of
West Bengal
Sushma Swaraj
Sushma Swaraj
BJP
BJP
Meera Kumar
Speaker of Lok Sabha
Rabri Devi
Former C.M. of Bihar
Rabri Devi
Former C.M. of Bihar
Sheila Dixit
C.M. of New Delhi
Sonia Gandhi
Chair-Person of Congress
Meera Kumar
Speaker of Lok Sabha
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7. Women in Politics WoRld-
Wide
Famous Politicians
of Asia
Famous Politicians JaJanneet tN Naappooliltiatannoo TThheereresasa M Maayy
AAnnggeelala M Maarkrkeel l
of Asia
QQuueeeenn E Elilziazabbeethth QQuueeeenn E Elilziazabbeethth I III NNggooziz iO Okkoonnjojo NNaannccyy P Peelolosisi LLiuiu Y Yaanngg D Doonngg
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8. GRaPHical VieW
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9. Political Science major requires:
• an interest in political and social issues and ethical reasoning
•strong analytical and communicative skills
Studying political science prepares students:
to think independently, helps to develop skills such as flexibility, critical
judgment, and the ability to understand the world from a variety of political,
cultural and social perspectives.
• Anyone,
interested in issues like education, environment, civil rights, war and
peace, globalization, justice and equality.
• Anyone, interested in careers like law, teaching,
journalism, public policy and any other
careers that depend upon analytic, research and communication
skills. 9

10. How Do we Get More
woMen In PolItIcs:-
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11. IMPacts
• Female leadership in politics is an important way of providing women a say in the policy
process.
• Cultural and social norms often lead to poor perceptions of whether women can lead
effectively.
– This can make initial entry of women into politics difficult.
• However, voters are willing to learn – they update their beliefs after observing women lead.
• Development of nation & opportunities to all.
• Female leadership shifts policies towards those preferred by women
• Suggests public policy can play an important role in ensuring there is a first generation of
female leaders.
 Women only had right to vote in USA since 1920.
 Women represent 50% of world’s population.
 Have only 16% representation in world’s governments.
 60% of eligible women vote compared
to 56% of eligible men. 11

12. cHallenGes FaceD BY
• Women face numerous obstacles inw achieoving Mrepreesentnation in governance. Their participation
has been limited by the assumption that women’s proper sphere is the “private” sphere. By
relegating women to the private sphere, their ability to enter the political arena is curtailed.
• Gender inequality within families, inequitable division of labour within households, and cultural
attitudes about gender roles further subjugate women and serve to limit their representation in
public life. Societies that are highly patriarchal often have local power structures that make it
difficult for women to combat.[4] Thus, their interests are often not represented.
• Most cultural norms in rural India discourage having women in leadership roles.
• Even once elected, women tend to hold lesser valued cabinet ministries or similar positions. These
are described as “soft industries” and include health, education, and welfare.
• Rarely do women hold executive decision-making authority in more powerful domains or those
that are associated with traditional notions of masculinity (such as finance and the military).
Typically, the more powerful the institution, the less likely it is that women’s interests will be
represented.
• Additionally, in more autocratic nations, women are less likely to have their interests represented.
Many women attain political standing due to kinship ties, as they have male family members who
are involved in politics. These women tend to be from higher income, higher status families and
thus may not be as focused on the issues faced by lower income families. 12

13. Platform to show talent 13

14. GRAPHICAL VIEW
• Quotas can increase
female leadership:-
• Evidence from India:-
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15. • Women's ability to courageously harness the human capital resource in
the undisputed large numbers of women and specifically, male gender
champions provides them with space and resident technical support to
organize and sustain momentum for accession to political leadership.
• Work towards barriers that hinder women’s political participation such as
patriarchy, violence, money, cultural barriers, and religious barrier.
• It has been shown that wherever women are empowered, there is an
acceleration of development. There is therefore the need for gender
sensitive laws, budget and empowerment of women through training,
economic empowerment, political support and affirmative action.
• Therefore, women should positively participate in politics to make a
difference in any society.
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16. TTHHAANNKK’’SS
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