- Jahoda's study in the 1930s found that unemployment had psychological and social impacts beyond just loss of income. It reduced social interaction and led to a loss of time-structure and sense of purpose. - Unemployment affects different groups in varying ways. Younger and older workers face greater challenges finding new jobs. Lower-income individuals feel the financial impacts more strongly. - For women, the impacts of unemployment have become more similar to men as more take on continuous employment, but challenges around childcare responsibilities remain. Geographical mobility and full-time work also present barriers.