Global CCS Institute Meeting 20 June 2013. Opening address by Mr Akira Yasui, Director, Coal Division, Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan.
SkyAI heat detection whitepaper: Europes plans to reduce heat wasteJoost van Oorschot
The document discusses energy usage in the EU and proposes integrating heating networks across sectors to reduce waste heat and achieve EU energy reduction targets. It describes how SkyAI uses satellite imagery and AI to detect heat losses from buildings and visualize opportunities for improvements. The heat detection solution is intended to provide actionable insights to help lower energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Georg Erdmann, Prof. for Energy System at the Berlin University of Technology WEC Italia
Slides presentate in occasione del Seminario "The Energy transition in Europe: different pathways, same destination? organizzato da Edison in collaborazione con WEC Italia il 29 maggio 2013 a Roma - TWITTER #NRGstrategy
Development and Prospects of Bioenergy in Ukraine. Prospects of biofuel marke...Oleksandra Tryboi
Presentation of the Head of the Board of Bioenergy Association of Ukraine (UABio) Georgiy Geletukha at the International Conference "BIOMASS FOR ENERGY 2017" in Kyiv, Ukraine.
The document discusses fuel substitution in India, specifically substituting coal with natural gas. It notes that while coal is abundant in India, its use has significant environmental impacts. Natural gas power plants have higher efficiency and lower emissions than coal plants. However, gas availability is limited by infrastructure and supply constraints. The document evaluates options for meeting India's increasing energy demand through 2030 in a sustainable way, including fuel switching, improving efficiency, expanding renewable energy and nuclear power, and reducing energy intensity.
1. The document outlines a partnership between the Canadian Academy of Engineering and the David Suzuki Foundation to identify energy strategies for Canada to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, make Canada a global leader in sustainable energy, and ensure all Canadians have access to needed energy.
2. It discusses conceptual frameworks for lowering emissions through increasing energy efficiency, fuel switching to lower carbon options, and carbon management.
3. Data is presented comparing Canada's energy use and emissions to other countries' illustrative low carbon scenarios, showing pathways to decarbonize energy systems and increase renewable energy and energy productivity.
This document provides an overview of global coal markets. It discusses different types of coal and their uses. It notes that international trade accounts for a small percentage of overall coal production. The document then examines trends in steam coal and coking coal trade between 1995 and 2012. Subsequent sections provide more details on low rank coal trade, major coal importers and exporters, and dynamics in China, India, and other Asian markets like Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.
Coal Demand, Production, Import & future solutions for Coal Mining in India.AMIT SAHU
- Coal is a major source of energy in India, providing around 55% of the country's primary energy. India is the third largest coal producer globally behind China and the US.
- Coal production in India has increased significantly over the past several decades, from 30 million tons in 1947 to over 660 million tons in 2016-2017. Coal India Limited aims to increase production to over 1 billion tons by 2020-2021.
- While open-cast mining currently contributes most coal production in India, underground mining needs to increase production through advanced technologies to help address the gap between rising coal demand and supply. Solutions focus on improving underground and open-cast mining practices sustainably.
SkyAI heat detection whitepaper: Europes plans to reduce heat wasteJoost van Oorschot
The document discusses energy usage in the EU and proposes integrating heating networks across sectors to reduce waste heat and achieve EU energy reduction targets. It describes how SkyAI uses satellite imagery and AI to detect heat losses from buildings and visualize opportunities for improvements. The heat detection solution is intended to provide actionable insights to help lower energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Georg Erdmann, Prof. for Energy System at the Berlin University of Technology WEC Italia
Slides presentate in occasione del Seminario "The Energy transition in Europe: different pathways, same destination? organizzato da Edison in collaborazione con WEC Italia il 29 maggio 2013 a Roma - TWITTER #NRGstrategy
Development and Prospects of Bioenergy in Ukraine. Prospects of biofuel marke...Oleksandra Tryboi
Presentation of the Head of the Board of Bioenergy Association of Ukraine (UABio) Georgiy Geletukha at the International Conference "BIOMASS FOR ENERGY 2017" in Kyiv, Ukraine.
The document discusses fuel substitution in India, specifically substituting coal with natural gas. It notes that while coal is abundant in India, its use has significant environmental impacts. Natural gas power plants have higher efficiency and lower emissions than coal plants. However, gas availability is limited by infrastructure and supply constraints. The document evaluates options for meeting India's increasing energy demand through 2030 in a sustainable way, including fuel switching, improving efficiency, expanding renewable energy and nuclear power, and reducing energy intensity.
1. The document outlines a partnership between the Canadian Academy of Engineering and the David Suzuki Foundation to identify energy strategies for Canada to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, make Canada a global leader in sustainable energy, and ensure all Canadians have access to needed energy.
2. It discusses conceptual frameworks for lowering emissions through increasing energy efficiency, fuel switching to lower carbon options, and carbon management.
3. Data is presented comparing Canada's energy use and emissions to other countries' illustrative low carbon scenarios, showing pathways to decarbonize energy systems and increase renewable energy and energy productivity.
This document provides an overview of global coal markets. It discusses different types of coal and their uses. It notes that international trade accounts for a small percentage of overall coal production. The document then examines trends in steam coal and coking coal trade between 1995 and 2012. Subsequent sections provide more details on low rank coal trade, major coal importers and exporters, and dynamics in China, India, and other Asian markets like Japan, South Korea and Taiwan.
Coal Demand, Production, Import & future solutions for Coal Mining in India.AMIT SAHU
- Coal is a major source of energy in India, providing around 55% of the country's primary energy. India is the third largest coal producer globally behind China and the US.
- Coal production in India has increased significantly over the past several decades, from 30 million tons in 1947 to over 660 million tons in 2016-2017. Coal India Limited aims to increase production to over 1 billion tons by 2020-2021.
- While open-cast mining currently contributes most coal production in India, underground mining needs to increase production through advanced technologies to help address the gap between rising coal demand and supply. Solutions focus on improving underground and open-cast mining practices sustainably.
The document summarizes renewable energy developments in Italy. It notes that in 2016 renewables achieved a 17.4% share of gross final energy consumption, exceeding Italy's 2020 target of 17%. Electricity has seen the largest growth of renewables, driven by incentives that have declined over time but still resulted in an incentive burden of €12.5 billion in 2017, over half for photovoltaics. The national strategy aims to increase the renewables share of electricity consumption to 55% by 2030, requiring significant further growth of solar and wind power. Renewables have also grown in heating, achieving an 18.9% share in 2016 mainly from biomass and heat pumps.
Coal provides over 29% of global primary energy and generates 41% of the world's electricity. Global coal production reached a record high of 7,830 million tonnes in 2012, with China as the top producer at 3,549 million tonnes. According to estimates, proven global coal reserves would last between 109-132 years at the 2012 production rate. China, the United States, India, Indonesia, and Australia are the top five coal producers.
The 2050 simulator is an educational tool that allows users to make choices about future energy prices, demand, supply technologies, and emissions to see their impact on Portugal's energy system out to 2050. It contains 32 questions across five categories and displays the results visually and numerically. The objective of the simulator is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, costs, and difficulty of implementing the chosen pathway. It compares user-selected scenarios to pre-defined scenarios and highlights most cost-effective options to reduce emissions.
India has the fifth largest coal reserves in the world at 298.914 billion tonnes as of 2013. Coal production has increased from 457 MT in 2007-08 to 557.6 MT in 2012-13, with Coal India Limited producing around 81% of India's coal. However, India is still unable to meet domestic coal demand, resulting in imports growing at a CAGR of 25.38% between 2009-2013 to reach 140.63 MT. The power sector consumes 71% of coal in India.
The Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), together with the Ministry of Electricity and Energy of the Union of Myanmar, launched Myanmar National Energy Statistics 2019 in Nay Pyi Taw on 11 March 2019.
in his presentation, Mr Shigeru Kimura, ERIA’s Special Adviser to the President on Energy Affairs, discussed the basic concept of energy balance tables, analysis of the energy demand supply situation in Myanmar, as well as the key findings and policy implications of the study.
European and Ukraine wind power industry for heavy plate producersAndrey Deryugin
Analysis of steel plate consumption, steel grades and sizes range for wind power tower production in Europe and Ukraine. Onshore and offshore towers steel intensity difference. Steel plate supply chain flow chart. Analysis is actual for 2012-2013.
This document provides summaries of global energy statistics from 1971 to present day, including data on production, supply, and trade of oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewable energy by region and country. It reports that in 2012, global primary energy supply reached 13,371 Mtoe, up from 6,106 Mtoe in 1971, with oil, coal, natural gas, and other sources increasing their share of total supply over that period. The International Energy Agency is the source of the comprehensive energy statistics and analyses contained in the document.
Smart Hidro Power de Alemania presento el panorama de Alemania en el ámbito de las energías renovables no convencionales, mostrando la participación del estado y de las entidades sin ánimo de lucro como DENA
1) Photovoltaic systems in Italy grew rapidly from 2011-2015, reaching 18.6 GW of installed capacity. They produced 13.4 TWh of electricity sold in Italy's day-ahead market in 2016, accounting for 49% of total renewable energy sold.
2) The increase in solar power impacted Italy's day-ahead electricity market by lowering system marginal prices during daylight hours due to solar's near-zero marginal cost. This flattened the typical daily price curve and increased the number of hours with zero-priced electricity.
3) Grid constraints and imbalances sometimes require splitting Italy's national market into regional zones with different prices to maintain reliability. Market rules and infrastructure require changes to integrate high levels
A fully renewable energy system, including all energy consuming sectors, is not only a possible but a viable solution for Finland, according to a new research. Researchers from LUT have investigated renewable energy system options for Finland in 2050. Results indicate that a fully renewable energy system is possible, and represents a competitive solution for Finland with careful planning.
Presentation on german renewable energy on 23Jasabir Arora
The document discusses Germany's transition to renewable energy sources through policies like the Renewable Energy Sources Act, which mandated that utilities purchase electricity from renewable sources at fixed, long-term prices to incentivize growth in solar, wind, and other renewable technologies; this feed-in tariff system was highly successful in dramatically increasing renewable energy capacity and generation in Germany over the last few decades.
Comparison of timeslicing approaches: a case study using UK TIMESIEA-ETSAP
1) The document compares different timeslicing approaches (1, 6, 16, 192 timeslices) for modeling electricity load and generation in the UK TIMES energy system model.
2) Preliminary results show only small differences in modeled outputs like CO2 emissions and technology adoption between the different timeslicing resolutions.
3) While higher resolution (192 timeslices) better represents variable renewable generation, it does not significantly change the 2050 decarbonization pathway identified by the model.
The document discusses the evolution of the coal sector in India from pre-independence to post-independence. It covers key events like the formation of major coal companies and nationalization of the coal industry. The coal sector was nationalized in two phases in 1971-72 and 1973 to address issues like fragmentation and lack of investment. This led to the formation of major public sector companies like Coal India Limited, which now dominates coal production through its several subsidiaries. Reforms in the coal sector since 1993 have allowed captive coal mining by private and public sectors.
The document provides an overview of the Indian coal sector, including key facts and trends. It notes that India has the fifth largest coal reserves globally, coal demand has grown over 7% per year, and there is a current demand-supply gap of around 98 million tonnes. The largest consumer of coal is the power sector, followed by iron/steel and cement. The document also discusses trends in coal consumption by industry, imports, major mining companies, and challenges and opportunities in the sector.
UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) Research Director Professor Jim Watson talks about "The Bigger Picture for Energy in the UK: Current Policies and the Energy Bill" at the Eversheds Conference: Connecting Projects to the Grid, June 2013.
:Germany is concerned about climate change. Germany has always taken a proactive stance on international climate change agreements: Bonn 1995 Commitments of the government Hosting the UNFCCC Secretariat National and EU policies Current commitment: EU: 20 % emissions reductions by 2020; 20 % renewables, 20 % energy efficiency. In case of new climate agreement: 30 % reduction.
Vietnam has significant experience with the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and sees opportunities for the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) to help address some of the issues experienced with CDM. JCM could facilitate low-carbon technology transfer by using eligibility criteria instead of additionality assessments and having a shorter, more flexible approval process. The energy, agriculture, land use and forestry sectors in Vietnam offer many options for low-carbon projects under JCM, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, improved cookstoves, and forestation.
This document discusses coal's role in Japan's energy policy. It notes that Japan imports nearly all of its coal, mainly from Australia and Indonesia. Global coal demand is expected to increase significantly by 2035, especially in developing nations. While coal prices have been stable, competition for coal resources is increasing worldwide. The document also examines Japan's energy mix, coal supply security concerns, trends in carbon capture and storage technologies, and policies to promote cleaner coal utilization.
The document discusses energy efficiency measures in cement industries. It notes that the cement industry accounts for over 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Several opportunities for improving energy efficiency are identified, including upgrading kilns, recovering waste heat, improving raw material preparation, and implementing process controls. The cement industry in Nepal is one of the most energy intensive sectors and consumes more energy per unit of production compared to other countries. Adopting advanced efficient technologies could help reduce energy use and emissions in Nepal's cement industries.
The document summarizes renewable energy developments in Italy. It notes that in 2016 renewables achieved a 17.4% share of gross final energy consumption, exceeding Italy's 2020 target of 17%. Electricity has seen the largest growth of renewables, driven by incentives that have declined over time but still resulted in an incentive burden of €12.5 billion in 2017, over half for photovoltaics. The national strategy aims to increase the renewables share of electricity consumption to 55% by 2030, requiring significant further growth of solar and wind power. Renewables have also grown in heating, achieving an 18.9% share in 2016 mainly from biomass and heat pumps.
Coal provides over 29% of global primary energy and generates 41% of the world's electricity. Global coal production reached a record high of 7,830 million tonnes in 2012, with China as the top producer at 3,549 million tonnes. According to estimates, proven global coal reserves would last between 109-132 years at the 2012 production rate. China, the United States, India, Indonesia, and Australia are the top five coal producers.
The 2050 simulator is an educational tool that allows users to make choices about future energy prices, demand, supply technologies, and emissions to see their impact on Portugal's energy system out to 2050. It contains 32 questions across five categories and displays the results visually and numerically. The objective of the simulator is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, costs, and difficulty of implementing the chosen pathway. It compares user-selected scenarios to pre-defined scenarios and highlights most cost-effective options to reduce emissions.
India has the fifth largest coal reserves in the world at 298.914 billion tonnes as of 2013. Coal production has increased from 457 MT in 2007-08 to 557.6 MT in 2012-13, with Coal India Limited producing around 81% of India's coal. However, India is still unable to meet domestic coal demand, resulting in imports growing at a CAGR of 25.38% between 2009-2013 to reach 140.63 MT. The power sector consumes 71% of coal in India.
The Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), together with the Ministry of Electricity and Energy of the Union of Myanmar, launched Myanmar National Energy Statistics 2019 in Nay Pyi Taw on 11 March 2019.
in his presentation, Mr Shigeru Kimura, ERIA’s Special Adviser to the President on Energy Affairs, discussed the basic concept of energy balance tables, analysis of the energy demand supply situation in Myanmar, as well as the key findings and policy implications of the study.
European and Ukraine wind power industry for heavy plate producersAndrey Deryugin
Analysis of steel plate consumption, steel grades and sizes range for wind power tower production in Europe and Ukraine. Onshore and offshore towers steel intensity difference. Steel plate supply chain flow chart. Analysis is actual for 2012-2013.
This document provides summaries of global energy statistics from 1971 to present day, including data on production, supply, and trade of oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewable energy by region and country. It reports that in 2012, global primary energy supply reached 13,371 Mtoe, up from 6,106 Mtoe in 1971, with oil, coal, natural gas, and other sources increasing their share of total supply over that period. The International Energy Agency is the source of the comprehensive energy statistics and analyses contained in the document.
Smart Hidro Power de Alemania presento el panorama de Alemania en el ámbito de las energías renovables no convencionales, mostrando la participación del estado y de las entidades sin ánimo de lucro como DENA
1) Photovoltaic systems in Italy grew rapidly from 2011-2015, reaching 18.6 GW of installed capacity. They produced 13.4 TWh of electricity sold in Italy's day-ahead market in 2016, accounting for 49% of total renewable energy sold.
2) The increase in solar power impacted Italy's day-ahead electricity market by lowering system marginal prices during daylight hours due to solar's near-zero marginal cost. This flattened the typical daily price curve and increased the number of hours with zero-priced electricity.
3) Grid constraints and imbalances sometimes require splitting Italy's national market into regional zones with different prices to maintain reliability. Market rules and infrastructure require changes to integrate high levels
A fully renewable energy system, including all energy consuming sectors, is not only a possible but a viable solution for Finland, according to a new research. Researchers from LUT have investigated renewable energy system options for Finland in 2050. Results indicate that a fully renewable energy system is possible, and represents a competitive solution for Finland with careful planning.
Presentation on german renewable energy on 23Jasabir Arora
The document discusses Germany's transition to renewable energy sources through policies like the Renewable Energy Sources Act, which mandated that utilities purchase electricity from renewable sources at fixed, long-term prices to incentivize growth in solar, wind, and other renewable technologies; this feed-in tariff system was highly successful in dramatically increasing renewable energy capacity and generation in Germany over the last few decades.
Comparison of timeslicing approaches: a case study using UK TIMESIEA-ETSAP
1) The document compares different timeslicing approaches (1, 6, 16, 192 timeslices) for modeling electricity load and generation in the UK TIMES energy system model.
2) Preliminary results show only small differences in modeled outputs like CO2 emissions and technology adoption between the different timeslicing resolutions.
3) While higher resolution (192 timeslices) better represents variable renewable generation, it does not significantly change the 2050 decarbonization pathway identified by the model.
The document discusses the evolution of the coal sector in India from pre-independence to post-independence. It covers key events like the formation of major coal companies and nationalization of the coal industry. The coal sector was nationalized in two phases in 1971-72 and 1973 to address issues like fragmentation and lack of investment. This led to the formation of major public sector companies like Coal India Limited, which now dominates coal production through its several subsidiaries. Reforms in the coal sector since 1993 have allowed captive coal mining by private and public sectors.
The document provides an overview of the Indian coal sector, including key facts and trends. It notes that India has the fifth largest coal reserves globally, coal demand has grown over 7% per year, and there is a current demand-supply gap of around 98 million tonnes. The largest consumer of coal is the power sector, followed by iron/steel and cement. The document also discusses trends in coal consumption by industry, imports, major mining companies, and challenges and opportunities in the sector.
UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) Research Director Professor Jim Watson talks about "The Bigger Picture for Energy in the UK: Current Policies and the Energy Bill" at the Eversheds Conference: Connecting Projects to the Grid, June 2013.
:Germany is concerned about climate change. Germany has always taken a proactive stance on international climate change agreements: Bonn 1995 Commitments of the government Hosting the UNFCCC Secretariat National and EU policies Current commitment: EU: 20 % emissions reductions by 2020; 20 % renewables, 20 % energy efficiency. In case of new climate agreement: 30 % reduction.
Vietnam has significant experience with the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and sees opportunities for the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) to help address some of the issues experienced with CDM. JCM could facilitate low-carbon technology transfer by using eligibility criteria instead of additionality assessments and having a shorter, more flexible approval process. The energy, agriculture, land use and forestry sectors in Vietnam offer many options for low-carbon projects under JCM, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, improved cookstoves, and forestation.
This document discusses coal's role in Japan's energy policy. It notes that Japan imports nearly all of its coal, mainly from Australia and Indonesia. Global coal demand is expected to increase significantly by 2035, especially in developing nations. While coal prices have been stable, competition for coal resources is increasing worldwide. The document also examines Japan's energy mix, coal supply security concerns, trends in carbon capture and storage technologies, and policies to promote cleaner coal utilization.
The document discusses energy efficiency measures in cement industries. It notes that the cement industry accounts for over 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Several opportunities for improving energy efficiency are identified, including upgrading kilns, recovering waste heat, improving raw material preparation, and implementing process controls. The cement industry in Nepal is one of the most energy intensive sectors and consumes more energy per unit of production compared to other countries. Adopting advanced efficient technologies could help reduce energy use and emissions in Nepal's cement industries.
Decarbonising EU Power: Trends and ChallengesMatt Gray
The document discusses trends and challenges in decarbonizing the EU power sector. It summarizes that power demand growth has declined since the 1990s and fossil fuels are being squeezed by rising renewable generation. A key challenge is that most coal and nuclear plants are over 30 years old. Meeting long-term decarbonization goals will require a large shift to renewable and low-carbon sources. However, integrating high shares of variable renewables poses economic and technical challenges to maintaining grid stability. Reforming the EU Emissions Trading System will also be important to provide a stronger carbon price signal to encourage needed investment in cleaner technologies.
Department of alternative energy development and efficiency (dede)PSPSolutions.net
This document discusses Thailand's energy situation and plans to increase renewable energy and energy efficiency. It provides the following key points:
1) Thailand currently relies heavily on fossil fuels for its energy needs, with renewable energy making up only 12.94% of total energy consumption.
2) Thailand has set targets in its Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) and Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP) to increase renewable energy to 30% of total energy consumption and reduce energy intensity by 30% by 2036.
3) The EEP outlines 10 measures to promote energy efficiency, including energy management systems, building energy codes, and standards and labeling for energy efficient products. Designated factories and buildings are required to
This document discusses solar energy prospects and challenges in India. It notes that solar energy has significant potential to meet India's growing energy demands. However, large-scale adoption faces technical challenges including improving solar cell efficiency, integrating solar power into the electric grid, and developing affordable energy storage solutions. Additionally, the levelized cost of energy from solar is currently higher than from conventional sources. The Indian government has implemented policies like the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission to promote solar power, but progress in achieving targets has been limited. Continued efforts are needed to address challenges and make solar energy economically viable compared to coal and other fossil fuels.
3.4 – "Natural Gas – Conventional & Unconventional Gas Sources" – Jakub Sieme...Pomcert
The document discusses conventional and unconventional natural gas sources and forecasts for future natural gas supply and demand. It summarizes projections from organizations like IGU and IEA that see global gas demand increasing from around 3 trillion cubic meters in 2008 to 4.4-4.9 trillion cubic meters by 2030. Unconventional gas sources like shale gas are expected to play a larger role, particularly in the US where production of unconventional gas could meet 45% of demand by 2035. Infrastructure like pipelines will also need to expand to accommodate increased gas trade and supply security.
This document summarizes renewable energy developments in Ireland from 1990-2013. It finds that renewable energy contributed 20.1% of electricity generation and 7.8% of total energy consumption in 2013. Wind energy contributed the most to renewable electricity, avoiding an estimated 723,000 tonnes of oil equivalent in fossil fuels. Overall, renewable energy avoided an estimated 1.3 million tonnes of oil equivalent in fossil fuels and 2.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions in 2013. The document analyzes progress towards Ireland's renewable energy targets for 2020.
Cédric PHILIBERT, analyst in Energy and Climate Change, IEA, provided an overview of the renewable energies development and of the associated challenges and opportunities for the power grids.
Opening plenary Key Trends and Future Potential in Energy Sector Mitigation b...OECD Environment
Progress in clean energy deployment needs to accelerate to transform energy systems at the scale required to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius. Key sectors like industry, power, and transport will need to significantly reduce their carbon emissions by 2050 through large-scale adoption of technologies like renewables, energy efficiency, fuel-switching, and carbon capture and storage. While clean energy technologies are advancing, greater policy efforts are still required across many countries and sectors to achieve the emissions reductions targeted in the IEA's 2 Degree Scenario.
Energy efficiency and renewable energy modelling with ETSAP TIAM - challenges...IEA-ETSAP
The document discusses challenges, solutions, and opportunities for improving energy modeling with ETSAP-TIAM. Some key issues addressed include model errors, negative production values, outdated socioeconomic data, and counterintuitive results. Proposed solutions involve updating the model and data through version control, constraints, disaggregating traditional biomass, and revisiting assumptions. Overall the model requires ongoing maintenance to remain relevant for addressing important scientific questions around sustainable energy development.
The Head of Nuclear Development Division at OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, Ron CAMERON, explained the impacts of nuclear energy and renewables on the network costs, using the “Energy triangle”: Security of supply, Low carbon, Affordability.
This document summarizes the 25th Annual Global Power Markets Conference held in Las Vegas in 2010. It discusses several key topics from the conference including pending US climate change legislation, electricity demand trends, spot power and natural gas prices, renewable energy projects receiving federal funding, and power plants under construction or development in the US. It also includes presentations from CEOs of major power companies such as NRG Energy, Calpine, and American Electric Power who discuss their business strategies and generation portfolios.
This document provides an agenda and summary for an event on energy trends in Ireland in 2021. It includes presentations on energy trends in 2020, preliminary energy data from 2021, and energy statistics innovations. There will also be a live Q&A session and closing remarks. The event will discuss COVID-19 impacts on energy consumption in 2020, renewable energy targets, and definitive European and national renewable energy results from 2020.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that while recently announced policies would make a difference, more ambitious action is needed to achieve sustainable energy goals. The report also finds that lack of ambition in Copenhagen accords has increased the cost of limiting global temperature rise to 2°C. Additionally, it notes that the age of cheap oil is over but policy can lower prices, renewables are growing but need long-term support, and phasing out fossil fuel subsidies is the most effective way to cut energy demand.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that while recently announced policies would improve the energy outlook, much more ambitious action is needed to achieve sustainable energy goals. Unless commitments made at Copenhagen are fully implemented by 2020, limiting global temperature rise to 2°C will be nearly impossible. The age of cheap oil is over, but smart policy can still lower prices from what they would otherwise be. Renewables are growing but continued long-term support is critical. Phasing out fossil fuel subsidies is the most effective way to reduce energy demand.
The document discusses several key points about global energy trends and cities:
1) Current global energy trends are unsustainable environmentally, socially, and economically. World energy demand is projected to increase significantly by 2030, with coal accounting for over a third of that growth.
2) Cities already account for around two-thirds of global primary energy use and this is projected to increase to over 73% by 2030. Most of the growth in city energy use will come from non-OECD countries.
3) To achieve resilience in energy systems and mitigate climate change, cities need to show leadership in their own energy use and influence their communities through actions like energy efficiency, renewable energy, and sustainable transportation policies.
This document summarizes recent evidence on the co-benefits of climate policies from various studies and models. Key points include:
1) Energy efficiency measures often have negative costs and provide direct financial benefits to consumers without considering externalities of energy use. However, free markets are sub-optimal and underinvest in efficiency.
2) Climate policies that stabilize emissions at 450 ppm have significant co-benefits like reducing health costs from air pollution, lowering energy imports and costs, and increasing economic productivity.
3) Models like the IEA WEO and ETP show the energy sector investments needed to transition to low-carbon technologies can be largely offset by fuel savings over time, even with a 10% discount
1) The document discusses potential power source compositions in Japan in 2030 under different scenarios: status quo, abandoning dependence on nuclear power, and complete denuclearization.
2) Under the status quo scenario, nuclear power would make up 20-25% of power sources, while renewable energy would be 30-35% and thermal power 35%.
3) In a scenario abandoning nuclear dependence, nuclear power would drop to 15% while renewable energy rises to 30% and thermal power to 40%.
4) For complete denuclearization, renewable energy would increase to 35% of power sources and thermal power would be 50%, with nuclear power at 0%.
Nigeria has significant energy resources but faces development challenges. Nigeria's primary energy consumption is dominated by biomass but it has large natural gas reserves and is a major oil exporter. Future projections estimate the industrial sector will become the largest energy consumer as the economy grows. Nigeria aims to increase annual per capita electricity consumption sixfold by 2025 through expanding generation capacity, improving utilization rates, and reducing transmission and distribution losses. However, the country must also diversify its energy mix and strengthen energy security to be less dependent on oil and gas exports.
Similar to Gccsi japan members'_meeting_200613_akira-yasui_japan_gov (20)
Northern Lights: A European CO2 transport and storage project Global CCS Institute
The Global CCS Institute hosted the final webinar of its "Telling the Norwegian CCS Story" series which presented Northern Lights. This project is part of the Norwegian full-scale CCS project which will include the capture of CO2 at two industrial facilities (cement and waste-to-energy plants), transport and permanent storage of CO2 in a geological reservoir on the Norwegian Continental Shelf.
Northern Lights aims to establish an open access CO2 transport and storage service for Europe. It is the first integrated commercial project of its kind able to receive CO2 from a variety of industrial sources. The project is led by Equinor with two partners Shell and Total. Northern Lights aims to drive the development of CCS in Europe and globally.
Webinar: Policy priorities to incentivise large scale deployment of CCSGlobal CCS Institute
The Global CCS Institute released a new report highlighting strategic policy priorities for the large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS). The Institute’s report also reviews the progress achieved until now with existing policies and the reasons behind positive investment decisions for the current 23 large-scale CCS projects in operation and construction globally.
Telling the Norwegian CCS Story | PART II: CCS: the path to a sustainable and...Global CCS Institute
The document discusses carbon capture and storage (CCS) in the cement industry in Norway. It provides background on HeidelbergCement, one of the world's largest producers of building materials. It details a CCS project at Norcem's cement plant in Brevik, Norway, which aims to capture 400,000 tons of CO2 per year. The captured CO2 would be transported by ship and stored permanently underground in geological formations in the North Sea. The project represents an opportunity for CCS technology to be commercialized at a large scale. However, it depends on support through the FEED study process and a decision by the Norwegian Parliament and HeidelbergCement in 2020.
Telling the Norwegian CCS Story | PART I: CCS: the path to sustainable and em...Global CCS Institute
In 2018, the Norwegian government announced its decision to continue the planning of a demonstration project for CO2 capture, transport and storage. This webinar focuses on the Fortum Oslo Varme CCS project. This is one of the two industrial CO2 sources in the Norwegian full-scale project.
At their waste-to-energy plant at Klemetsrud in Oslo, Fortum Oslo Varme produces electricity and district heating for the Oslo region by incinerating waste. Its waste-to-energy plant is one of the largest land-based sources of CO2 emissions in Norway, counting for about 20 % of the city of Oslo’s total emissions. The CCS project in Oslo is an important step towards a sustainable waste system and the creation of a circular economy. It will be the first energy recovery installation for waste disposal treatment with full-scale CCS.
Fortum Oslo Varme has understood the enormous potential for the development of a CCS industry in the waste-to-energy industry. The company is working to capture 90 % of its CO2 emissions, the equivalent of 400 000 tons of CO2 per year. This project will open new opportunities to reduce emissions from the waste sector in Norway and globally. Carbon capture from waste incineration can remove over 90 million tons of CO2 per year from existing plants in Europe. There is high global transfer value and high interest in the industry for the project in Oslo.
The waste treated consists of almost 60 % biological carbon. Carbon capture at waste-to-energy plants will therefore be so-called BIO-CCS (i.e. CCS from the incineration of organic waste, thereby removing the CO2 from the natural cycle).
Find out more about the project by listening to our webinar.
Decarbonizing Industry Using Carbon Capture: Norway Full Chain CCSGlobal CCS Institute
Industrial sectors such as steel, cement, iron, and chemicals production are responsible for over 20 percent of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. To be on track to meet greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets established as part of the Paris Climate Accord, all sectors must find solutions to rapidly decarbonize, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is the only path for energy-intensive industries.
This webinar will explore how one country, Norway, is working to realize a large-scale Full Chain CCS project, where it is planning to apply carbon capture technology to several industrial facilities. This unique project explores capturing CO2 from three different industrial facilities - an ammonia production plant, a waste-to-energy plant, and a cement production facility. Captured CO2 will be then transported by ship to a permanent off-shore storage site operated as part of a collaboration between Statoil, Total, and Shell. When operational, Norway Full Chain CCS will capture and permanently store up to 1.5 million tons of CO2 per year.
During this webinar, Michael Carpenter, Senior Adviser at Gassnova, will provide an overview of the Norway Full Chain CCS, and discuss the value that Norway aims to derive from it. The key stakeholders working on this exciting project, and how they cooperate, will be also discussed. Gassnova is a Norwegian state enterprise focusing on CCS technology, which manages the Norway Full Chain CCS project.
Cutting Cost of CO2 Capture in Process Industry (CO2stCap) Project overview &...Global CCS Institute
The CO2StCap project is a four year initiative carried out by industry and academic partners with the aim of reducing capture costs from CO2 intensive industries (more info here). The project, led by Tel-Tek, is based on the idea that cost reduction is possible by capturing only a share of the CO2emissions from a given facility, instead of striving for maximized capture rates. This can be done in multiple ways, for instance by capturing only from the largest CO2 sources at individual multi-stack sites utilising cheap waste heat or adapting the capture volumes to seasonal changes in operations.
The main focus of this research is to perform techno-economic analyses for multiple partial CO2 capture concepts in order to identify economic optimums between cost and volumes captured. In total for four different case studies are developed for cement, iron & steel, pulp & paper and ferroalloys industries.
The first part of the webinar gave an overview of the project with insights into the cost estimation method used. The second part presented the iron & steel industry case study based on the Lulea site in Sweden, for which waste-heat mapping methodology has been used to assess the potential for partial capture via MEA-absorption. Capture costs for different CO2 sources were compared and discussed, demonstrating the viability of partial capture in an integrated steelworks.
Webinar presenters included Ragnhild Skagestad, senior researcher at Tel-Tek; Maximilian Biermann, PhD student at Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology and Maria Sundqvist, research engineer at the department of process integration at Swerea MEFOS.
The Global CCS Institute and USEA co-hosted a briefing on the importance of R&D in advancing energy technologies on June 29 2017. This is the presentation given by Ron Munson, Global Lead-Capture at the Global CCS Institute.
The Global CCS Institute and USEA co-hosted a briefing on the importance of R&D in advancing energy technologies on June 29 2017. This is the presentation given by Alfred “Buz” Brown, Founder, CEO and Chairman of ION Engineering.
The Global CCS Institute and USEA co-hosted a briefing on the importance of R&D in advancing energy technologies on June 29 2017. This is the presentation given by Tim Merkel, Director, Research and Development Group at Membrane Technology & Research (MTR)
Mission Innovation aims to reinvigorate and accelerate global clean energy innovation with the objective to make clean energy widely affordable. Through a series of Innovation Challenges, member countries have pledged to support actions aimed at accelerating research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) in technology areas where MI members believe increased international attention would make a significant impact in our shared fight against climate change. The Innovation Challenges cover the entire spectrum of RD&D; from early stage research needs assessments to technology demonstration projects.
The Carbon Capture Innovation challenge aims to explore early stage research opportunities in the areas of Carbon Capture, Carbon Utilization, and Carbon Storage. The goal of the Carbon Capture Innovation Challenge is twofold: first, to identify and prioritize breakthrough technologies; and second, to recommend research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) pathways and collaboration mechanisms.
During the webinar, Dr Tidjani Niass, Saudi Aramco, and Jordan Kislear, US Department of Energy, provided an overview of progress to date. They also highlighted detail opportunities for business and investor engagement, and discuss future plans for the Innovation Challenge.
This webinar discussed two studies on achieving a low-carbon economy in the United States: the Risky Business Project and the U.S. Mid-Century Strategy Report. Four pathways were examined that could reduce US carbon emissions by 80% by 2050 through different technology mixes, including high renewables, high nuclear, high carbon capture and storage, and mixed resources. All pathways required upfront investments but achieved both emissions reductions and fuel savings over time. Implementation challenges included the pace of power plant construction, expanding the electric grid and building electric vehicle infrastructure. The webinar compared the pathways and findings to the U.S. Mid-Century Strategy Report.
Webinar Series: Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum Part 1. CCUS in the Uni...Global CCS Institute
The Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) is a Ministerial-level international climate change initiative that is focused on the development of improved cost-effective technologies for carbon capture and storage (CCS). As part of our commitment to raising awareness of CCS policies and technology, CSLF, with support from the Global CCS Institute, is running a series of webinars showcasing academics and researchers that are working on some of the most interesting CCS projects and developments from around the globe.
This first webinar comes to you from Abu Dhabi – the site of the Mid-Year CSLF Meeting and home of the Al Reyadah Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage (CCUS) Project. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the world’s major oil exporters, with some of the highest levels of CO2 emissions per capita. These factors alone make this a very interesting region for the deployment of CCUS both as an option for reducing CO2 emissions, but also linking these operations for the purposes of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations.
In the UAE, CCUS has attracted leading academic institutes and technology developers to work on developing advanced technologies for reducing CO2 emissions. On Wednesday, 26th April, we had the opportunity to join the Masdar Institute’s Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, Mohammad Abu Zahra to learn about the current status and potential for CCUS in the UAE.
Mohammad presented an overview of the current large scale CCUS demonstration project in the UAE, followed by a presentation and discussion of the ongoing research and development activities at the Masdar Institute.
This webinar offered a rare opportunity to put your questions directly to this experienced researcher and learn more about the fascinating advances being made at the Masdar Institute.
Energy Security and Prosperity in Australia: A roadmap for carbon capture and...Global CCS Institute
On 15 February, a Roadmap titled for Energy Security and Prosperity in Australia: A roadmap for carbon capture and storage was released. The ACCS Roadmap contains analysis and recommendations for policy makers and industry on much needed efforts to ensure CCS deployment in Australia.
This presentation focused on the critical role CCS can play in Australia’s economic prosperity and energy security. To remain within its carbon budget, Australia must accelerate the deployment of CCS. Couple with this, only CCS can ensure energy security for the power sector and high-emissions industries whilst maintain the the vital role the energy sector plays in the Australian economy.
The webinar also detailed what is required to get Australia ready for widespread commercial deployment of CCS through specific set of phases, known as horizons in strategic areas including storage characterisation, legal and regulatory frameworks and public engagement and awareness.
The Roadmap serves as an important focal point for stakeholders advocating for CCS in Australia, and will provide a platform for further work feeding into the Australian Government’s review of climate policy in 2017 and beyond.
It is authored by the University of Queensland and Gamma Energy Technology, and was overseen by a steering committee comprising the Commonwealth Government, NSW Government, CSIRO, CO2CRC Limited, ACALET - COAL21 Fund and ANLEC R&D.
This webinar was presented by Professor Chris Greig, from The University of Queensland.
Webinar Series: Public engagement, education and outreach for CCS. Part 5: So...Global CCS Institute
The fifth webinar in the public engagement, education and outreach for CCS Series will explore the critically important subject of social site characterisation with the very researchers who named the process.
We were delighted to be able to reunite CCS engagement experts Sarah Wade and Sallie Greenberg, Ph.D. to revisit their 2011 research and guidance: ‘Social Site Characterisation: From Concept to Application’. When published, this research and toolkit helped early CCS projects worldwide to raise the bar on their existing engagement practices. For this webinar, we tasked these early thought leaders with reminding us of the importance of this research and considering the past recommendations in today’s context. Sarah and Sallie tackled the following commonly asked questions:
What exactly is meant by social site characterisation?
Why it is important?
What would they consider best practice for getting to understand the social intricacies and impacts of a CCS project site?
This entire Webinar Series has been designed to share leading research and best practice and consider these learnings as applied to real project examples. So for this fifth Webinar, we were really pleased to be joined by Ruth Klinkhammer, Senior Manager, Communications and Engagement at CMC Research Institutes. Ruth agreed to share some of her experiences and challenges of putting social site characterisation into practice onsite at some of CMC’s larger research projects.
This Webinar combined elements of public engagement research with real world application and discussion, explore important learnings and conclude with links to further resources for those wishing to learn more. This a must for anyone working in or studying carbon capture and storage or other CO2 abatement technologies. If you have ever nodded along at a conference where the importance of understanding stakeholders is acknowledged, but then stopped to wonder – what might that look like in practice? This Webinar is for you.
Managing carbon geological storage and natural resources in sedimentary basinsGlobal CCS Institute
To highlight the research and achievements of Australian researchers, the Global CCS Institute, together with Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development (ANLEC R&D), will hold a series of webinars throughout 2017. Each webinar will highlight a specific ANLEC R&D research project and the relevant report found on the Institute’s website.
This is the eighth webinar of the series and will present on basin resource management and carbon storage. With the ongoing deployment of CCS facilities globally, the pore space - the voids in the rock deep in sedimentary basins – are now a commercial resource. This is a relatively new concept with only a few industries utilising that pore space to date.
This webinar presented a framework for the management of basin resources including carbon storage. Prospective sites for geological storage of carbon dioxide target largely sedimentary basins since these provide the most suitable geological settings for safe, long-term storage of greenhouse gases. Sedimentary basins can host different natural resources that may occur in isolated pockets, across widely dispersed regions, in multiple locations, within a single layer of strata or at various depths.
In Australia, the primary basin resources are groundwater, oil and gas, unconventional gas, coal and geothermal energy. Understanding the nature of how these resources are distributed in the subsurface is fundamental to managing basin resource development and carbon dioxide storage. Natural resources can overlap laterally or with depth and have been developed successfully for decades. Geological storage of carbon dioxide is another basin resource that must be considered in developing a basin-scale resource management system to ensure that multiple uses of the subsurface can sustainably and pragmatically co-exist.
This webinar was presented by Karsten Michael, Research Team Leader, CSIRO Energy.
Mercury and other trace metals in the gas from an oxy-combustion demonstratio...Global CCS Institute
To highlight the research and achievements of Australian researchers, the Global CCS Institute together with ANLEC R&D will hold a series of webinars throughout 2017. Each webinar will highlight a specific ANLEC R&D research project and the relevant report found on the Institute’s website. This is the seventh webinar of the series and presented the results of a test program on the retrofitted Callide A power plant in Central Queensland.
The behaviour of trace metals and the related characteristics of the formation of fine particles may have important implications for process options, gas cleaning, environmental risk and resultant cost in oxy-fuel combustion. Environmental and operational risk will be determined by a range of inter-related factors including:
The concentrations of trace metals in the gas produced from the overall process;
Capture efficiencies of the trace species in the various air pollution control devices used in the process; including gas and particulate control devices, and specialised systems for the removal of specific species such as mercury;
Gas quality required to avoid operational issues such as corrosion, and to enable sequestration in a variety of storage media without creating unacceptable environmental risks; the required quality for CO2 transport will be defined by (future and awaited) regulation but may be at the standards currently required of food or beverage grade CO2; and
Speciation of some trace elements
Macquarie University was engaged by the Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development Ltd (ANLEC R&D) to investigate the behaviour of trace elements during oxy-firing and CO2 capture and processing in a test program on the retrofitted Callide A power plant, with capability for both oxy and air-firing. Gaseous and particulate sampling was undertaken in the process exhaust gas stream after fabric filtration at the stack and at various stages of the CO2 compression and purification process. These measurements have provided detailed information on trace components of oxy-fired combustion gases and comparative measurements under air fired conditions. The field trials were supported by laboratory work where combustion took place in a drop tube furnace and modelling of mercury partitioning using the iPOG model.
The results obtained suggest that oxy-firing does not pose significantly higher environmental or operational risks than conventional air-firing. The levels of trace metals in the “purified” CO2 gas stream should not pose operational issues within the CO2 Processing Unit (CPU).
This webinar was presented by Peter Nelson, Professor of Environmental Studies, and Anthony Morrison, Senior Research Fellow, from the Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University.
Webinar Series: Public engagement, education and outreach for CCS. Part 4: Is...Global CCS Institute
Teesside Collective has been developing a financial support mechanism to kickstart an Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) network in the UK. This project would transform the Teesside economy, which could act as a pilot area in the UK as part of the Government’s Industrial Strategy.
The final report– produced by Pöyry Management Consulting in partnership with Teesside Collective – outlines how near-term investment in CCS can be a cost-effective, attractive proposition for both Government and energy-intensive industry.
The report was published on Teesside Collective’s website on 7 February. You will be able to view copies of the report in advance of the webinar.
We were delighted to welcome Sarah Tennison from Tees Valley Combined Authority back onto the webinar programme. Sarah was joined by Phil Hare and Stuart Murray from Pöyry Management Consulting, to take us through the detail of the model and business case for Industrial CCS.
This webinar offered a rare opportunity to speak directly with these project developers and understand more about their proposed financial support mechanism.
Laboratory-scale geochemical and geomechanical testing of near wellbore CO2 i...Global CCS Institute
To highlight the research and achievements of Australian researchers, the Global CCS Institute together with ANLEC R&D will hold a series of webinars throughout 2016 and 2017. Each webinar will highlight a specific ANLEC R&D research project and the relevant report found on the Institute’s website. This is the sixth webinar of the series and presented the results of chemical and mechanical changes that carbon dioxide (CO2) may have at a prospective storage complex in the Surat Basin, Queensland, Australia.
Earth Sciences and Chemical Engineering researchers at the University of Queensland have been investigating the effects of supercritical CO2 injection on reservoir properties in the near wellbore region as a result of geochemical reactions since 2011. The near wellbore area is critical for CO2 injection into deep geological formations as most of the resistance to flow occurs in this region. Any changes to the permeability can have significant economic impact in terms of well utilisation efficiency and compression costs. In the far field, away from the well, the affected reservoir is much larger and changes to permeability through blocking or enhancement have relatively low impact.
This webinar was presented by Prof Sue Golding and Dr Grant Dawson and will provide an overview of the findings of the research to assist understanding of the beneficial effects and commercial consequences of near wellbore injectivity enhancement as a result of geochemical reactions.
Webinar Series: Public engagement, education and outreach for CCS. Part 3: Ca...Global CCS Institute
The third webinar in the public engagement, education and outreach for CCS Series digged deeper, perhaps multiple kilometres deeper, to explore successful methods for engaging the public on the often misunderstood topic of carbon (CO2) storage.
Forget bad experiences of high school geology, we kick-started our 2017 webinar program with three ‘rock stars’ of CO2 storage communication – Dr Linda Stalker, Science Director of Australia’s National Geosequestration Laboratory, Lori Gauvreau, Communication and Engagement Specialist for Schlumberger Carbon Services, and Norm Sacuta, Communication Manager at the Petroleum Technology Research Centre who all joined Kirsty Anderson, the Institute’s Senior Advisor on Public Engagement, to discuss the challenges of communicating about CO2 storage. They shared tips, tools and some creative solutions for getting people engaged with this topic.
This entire Webinar Series has been designed to hear directly from the experts and project practitioners researching and delivering public engagement, education and outreach best practice for carbon capture and storage. This third webinar was less focused on research and more on the real project problems and best practice solutions. It is a must for anyone interested in science communication/education and keen to access resources and ideas to make their own communications more engaging.
Water use of thermal power plants equipped with CO2 capture systemsGlobal CCS Institute
The potential for increased water use has often been noted as a challenge to the widespread deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Early studies, that are widely referenced and cited in discussions of CCS, indicated that installation of a capture system would nearly double water consumption for thermal power generation, while more recent studies show different results. The Global CCS Institute has conducted a comprehensive review of data available in order to clarify messages around water consumption associated with installation of a capture system. Changes in water use estimates over time have been evaluated in terms of capture technology, cooling systems, and how the data are reported.
Guido Magneschi, Institute’s Senior Advisor – Carbon Capture, and co-author of the study, presented the results of the review and illustrated the main conclusions.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
QA or the Highway - Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend appl...zjhamm304
These are the slides for the presentation, "Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend applications" that was presented at QA or the Highway 2024 in Columbus, OH by Zachary Hamm.
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMsSease
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE RolesDianaGray10
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSFAjin Abraham
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Gccsi japan members'_meeting_200613_akira-yasui_japan_gov
1. Direction of coal policy in Japan
June 20, 2013
Akira Yasui
Director of Coal Division,
Natural Resources and Fuel Department,
Agency for Natural Resources and Energy
3. Reduction of dependence on oil has been promoted after the Oil Shock.
* Breakdown of renewable energy, etc.:
Solar (0.1%), wind (0.2%), geothermal (0.1%),
biomass, etc. (3.3%)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear power
Coal
43%
4%*
3%
4%
23%
22%
Japan’s Primary Energy Supply
75%
Hydro
Renewables etc.
Change of energy supply ratios
2
First
Oil Shock
4. Crude oil (2012) Natural gas (2012)
Ref.: Trade statistics, Ministry of Finance
Ref.: Trade statistics, Ministry of Finance
Coal (2012)
Countries from which Japan imports fossil fuels
3
Straits of Hormuz
Ref.: Trade statistics, Ministry of Finance
120.7
79.9
39.3
28.0
19.1
7.0
10.5
17.2
13.6
8.3
22.2 Saudi Arabia
33.0%
UAE
21.8%
Qatar
10.7%
Kuwait
7.6%
Iran
5.2%
Iraq 1.9%
Oman
2.9%
Russia
4.7%
Indonesia
3.7%
Vietnam
2.3% Others
6.1%
15.7
5.5
4.0
15.9
14.6
8.3
6.2
5.9
4.8
6.2
Qatar
17.9%
UAE
6.3%
Oman
4.6%
Malaysia
18.2%
Australia
16.7%
Indonesia
9.5%
Russia
7.1%
Brunei
6.8%
Nigeria
5.5%
Others
7.1%
114.8
36.1
12.5
9.9
6.3
3.5
2.2
Australia
62.0%
Indonesia
19.5%
Russia
6.7%
Canada
5.3%
US
3.4%
China
1.9%
Others
1.2%
Middle-East
dependence 83%
(Hormuz dependence 80%)
Total import: 3.66 million BD
Middle-East
dependence 29%
(Hormuz dependence 24%)
Total import: 87.31 million t/year
Middle-East dependence 0%
(Hormuz dependence 0%)
Total import: 185.15 million t/year
5. (Reference) Change of fuel price
○ In comparison to crude oil and LNG, the change of the coal price has been stable.
○ As of April 2013, the crude oil price (7.36yen/1000kcal) is about 4.1 times higher and the LNG price (6.32/1000kcal) is
about 3.5 times higher than the coal price (1.81 yen/1000kcal).
(Yen/1000kcal) Change of fuel price (CIF)
Ref: The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan
4
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
原油 一般炭 LNGOil General coal LNG
6. ○ Change of power supply sources of (general and
wholesale) power generation companies after the
Earthquake
○ Fuel cost increase by termination of nuclear power plants
20% 25% 26%
25%
20% 27% 26% 26%
23%
38%
41% 42% 47%
50%
46% 48% 48%
32%
5%
7%
13%
17% 16% 13%
16% 18%
5%
28%
16%
10% 5%
1% 1%
3% 2%
32%
9% 11% 8% 5% 12% 12% 7% 6%
8%
63%
73%
81% 90% 87% 87%
90% 92%
28%
16%
10%
5%
1% 1% 3% 2%
11年4月 7月 10月 12年1月 4月 7月 10月 13年1月 10年度
石炭火力発電比率 LNG火力発電比率 石油火力発電比率 原子力発電比率
水力発電等 火力発電比率 原子力発電比率
Apr 2011 Jul Oct Jan 2012 Apr Jul Oct Jan 2013 FY2010
* For FY2013, the influence to cost is calculated by correcting the
exchange rate used for the estimation in FY2012 to the current value
of 100 yen/dollar and assuming that the operation status of the
nuclear power plants would not change in FY2013 from FY2012.
○ No operating nuclear power plants →About 30% loss of power supply, Tight balance between demand and supply
○ Due to stop of nuclear power plants, the fuel cost for thermal power generation is expected to increase by about 3.8
trillion yen in FY2013, which is about 20% of electricity prices
○ The cost would increase more if the oil price increases by a tense situation in Hormuz.
Power generation after the Earthquake
5
Power
source
Fuel cost
(FY2012)
Influence to cost
Expectation in
FY2012
Expectation in
FY2013 (*)
Nuclear
power
1 yen/kWh - 0.3 trillion yen - 0.3 trillion yen
Coal 4 yen/kWh + 0.1 trillion yen + 0.1 trillion yen
LNG 11 yen/kWh + 1.4 trillion yen + 1.6 trillion yen
Oil 16 yen/kWh + 1.9 trillion yen + 2.4 trillion yen
Total - + 3.1 trillion yen + 3.8 trillion yen
Coal thermal power
generation
Water power generation
LNG thermal power
generation
Thermal power generation
Oil thermal power
generation
Nuclear power generation
Nuclear power
generation
7. Change of thermal power generation
○ In 2030, about 30% of coal thermal power plants, about 50% of LNG thermal power plants, and about 90% of oil
thermal power plants will be 40 years old since the start of the operation.
○ As mentioned before, 3 coal thermal plants of 2.2 million kW and 30 LNG thermal power plants of 15.9 million power
plants will be built. There is no plan for building a coal thermal power plant.
○ The plants need to be renewed according to their ages for higher efficiency and reliability.
○ In “Action principle for coal” adopted in the 3rd IEA Ministerial Council Communiqué in 1979 , new construction or
replacement of an oil thermal base-load power plant is prohibited.
16
57
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Number
of plants10000 kW
Coal thermal power
出力(40年超) 出力(40年未満)
基数(40年超)
7% 10% 12%
32%
77%
29
88
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Number of
plants10000 kW
LNG thermal power
出力(40年超) 出力(40年未満)
基数(40年超)
17%
26%
37%
52%
84%
54
126
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Number
of plants
10000 kW
Oil thermal power
出力(40年超) 出力(40年未満)
基数(40年超)
36%
56%
73%
96%
99%
6
Output (40 yr or older) Output (younger than 40 yr)
Number of plants (40 yr or older)
Output (40 yr or older) Output (younger than 40 yr)
Number of plants (40 yr or older)
Output (40 yr or older) Output (younger than 40 yr)
Number of plants (40 yr or older)
8. 7
0
10
20
30
40
50
Nuclear Coal-fired
(new policy
scenario)
LNG-fired
(new policy
scenario)
Wind power
(onshore)
Oil-fired Solar
(residential)
Geothermal
[capacity utilization rate (%) /useful years ]
[70%/40 yr]
[80%/40 yr] [80%/40 yr] [20%/20 yr]
[80%/40 yr] [50% or 10%
/40 yr]
(30% in 2004
estimates)
[12%/20 yr]
(35 yr in 2030 model)
Gas cogeneration
(before deduction
of heat value)
[70%/30 yr]
5.9
8.9-
(2010=2030)
10.3
↑
9.5
10.9
↑
10.7
9.9-
17.3
↓
8.8-
17.3
9.2-
11.6
(2010=
2030)
11.5
↑
10.6
33.4-
38.3
↓
9.9-
20.0
5.7
6.2
Energy
saving
A/C:
7.9-23.4
Fridge:
1.5-13.4
Incandesce
nt lamp
LED 0.1
<Legends>
2004
estimates
2010
model
2030
model
Upper limit
Lower limit
Upper limit
Lower limit
20.1
↑
19.7
(before
deduction
of heat
value)
Wind power
(off-shore)
[30%/20 yr]
9.4-
23.1
↓
8.6-
23.1
○Even more attractive to
power consumers when
savings in electricity fees
(¥20 for households, ¥14
for commercial/industrial
customers) are
considered.
(4) Solar : ¥10-20
(5) Distributed power
sources
around ¥10-20
○Incurs social
costs, e.g. cost
to prepare for
the risk of
accidents.
○¥8.9/kWh or
more
○Increases with fuel
costs and CO2
emission measures.
○As competitive as
nuclear energy.
○Competitive even in at present
if conditions are favorable.
○The following constraints apply
to large-scale installations.
・Higher transmission costs for
wind power due to concentration
of plants in Hokkaido and
Tohoku
・Constraints on geothermal heat,
e.g. concentration in natural
parks
(1) Nuclear
approx.
¥9 or more
(2) Coal & LNG
in the ¥10 range
(3) Wind & geothermal
¥10 or less in some
cases even now ○For large-scale installations,
backup by auxiliary power
supply or storage batteries is
needed.
[¥/kWh]
16.5
38.9
↑
36.0
(10%)
25.1
↑
22.1
(50%)
Power Generation Cost Comparison Among Major Power Sources
10. 0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
再生可能エネルギー等
水力
原子力
天然ガス
石油
石炭
Role of coal in world’s energy resources
○ Coal occupies about 25% of the energy demand in the world. The demand for coal is expected to increase by about 1.2 times by 2035.
Coal occupies more than 40% of generated power in the world. The amount is expected to increase by 1.4 times by 2035.
○ Competition for acquiring coal resources has become severe in the world due to rapid expansion of the coal demand in developing
countries such as China and India.
[Expectation of energy demand in the world] [Expectation of power generation in the world]
Ref.: IEA, “World Energy Outlook 2012”
[Power generation composition of major countries (2010) ][Primary energy composition of major countries (2010)]
41%
Increase by a factor of about 1.4
Source: IEA, "World Energy Outlook 2012"& "Energy Balances of OECD/non-OECD
Countries (2012 Edition)"
Source: IEA, "World Energy Outlook 2012"& "Energy Balances of OECD/non-OECD
Countries (2012 Edition)"
Ref. IEA, “World Energy Outlook 2012”
(TWh)
33%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
再生可能エネルギー等
水力
原子力
天然ガス
石油
石炭
27%
25%Increase by a factor of about 1.2
(Mtoe)
41%
5%
29%
44%
26%
27%
46%
68%
78%
5%
1%
1%
1%
3%
9%
1%
3%
0%
22%
4%
46%
14%
23%
27%
23%
12%
2%
13%
76%
16%
23%
28%
26%
19%
3%
2%
16%
11%
1%
3%
11%
7%
6%
12%
17%
4%
3%
6%
15%
10%
3%
4%
2%
1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
世界計
フランス
英国
ドイツ
EU
日本
米国
インド
中国
石炭 石油 天然ガス 原子力 水力 再生可能エネルギー等
27%
5%
15%
24%
16%
23%
23%
42%
66%
32%
29%
31%
32%
33%
41%
36%
23%
18%
21%
16%
42%
22%
26%
17%
25%
8%
4%
6%
43%
8%
11%
14%
15%
10%
1%
1%
2%
2%
0%
1%
2%
1%
1%
1%
3%
11%
5%
4%
10%
9%
2%
5%
25%
9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
世界計
フランス
英国
ドイツ
EU
日本
米国
インド
中国
石炭 石油 天然ガス 原子力 水力 再生可能エネルギー等
9
Renewable energy, etc.
Water
Nuclear power
Natural gas
Oil
Coal
Renewable energy, etc.
Water
Nuclear power
Natural gas
Oil
Coal
China
India
US
Japan
EU
Germany
UK
France
World total
Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear power Water Renewable energy, etc. Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear power Water Renewable energy, etc.
China
India
US
Japan
EU
Germany
UK
France
World total
11. Ref.: WEC, “Survey of Energy Resources 2010,” BP Statistics 2010
94%
6%
9%
91%
0%
100%
South Africa (30.2 billion t)
46%
41%
13%
US (237.3 billion t)
89%
11%
Other African countries
(1.5 billion t)
Canada (6.6 billion t)
Columbia (6.7 billion t)
Other South American countries
(5.8 billion t)
93%
7%
54%30%
16%
China (114.5 billion t )
India (60.6 billion t)
Indonesia 5.5 billion t)
53%
2%
45%
Other Asian countries
(47.6 billion t)
31%
62%
7%
Russia (157 billion t)
19
%
17
%
64
%
Europe (10.8 billion t)
48%
3%
49%
Australia (76.4 billion t)
27%
53%
20%
53%
13%
34%
Bituminous
coal +
anthracite
(47.0%)
Lignite
(22.7%)
Subbituminous
coal (30.3%)
Recoverable reserves distribution of coal (country and grade)
10
12. US
237.3 billion t
28%
Russia
157 billion t
18%
China
114.5 billion t
13%
Australia
76.4 billion t
9%
India
60.6 billion t
7%
Germany
40.7 billion t
5%
Ukraine
33.9 billion t
4%
Kazakhstan
33.6 billion t
4%
South Africa
30.2 billion t
3%
South Africa
30.2 billion t
9%
Australia
115 million t
62%
Indonesia
36 million t
20%
Russia
12 million t
7%
Canada
10 million t
5%
US
6 million t
3%
China
3 million t
2%
Others
2 million t
1%
Coal import
185.15 million t
(2012)
Coal resources, consumption, trade volume
○ Coal resource: World top 5
1 US
2 Russia
3 China
4 Australia
5 India
○ Coal consumption: World top 3
1 China 3.7 billion t
2 US 0.9 billion t
3 India 0.7 billion t
Coal reserve (2011)
incl. lignite
Coal consumption (2011)
incl. lignite
Coal import in the world
(2011), incl. lignite
75% of
entire resource
69% of
entire resource
○ Japan’s coal import volume (2012): About 185.15 million ton
[2010: About 175.24 million t]
*Coal import in 2012: General coal: About 177.2 million t, Raw coal: About 71.47 million t,
Anthracite: About 5.96 million t.
○ About 80% of coal import is from Australia (62%) and Indonesia (20%).
○ Japan is the second largest coal importing country after China. It imports 99% of coal
consumed in Japan.
(About 1.3 million tons of coal is produced in Japan (2012), which is about 1% of the domestic
consumption.)
○ The demand of general coal for electric use is rapidly increasing in the world, in particular in
China and India, in recent years.
○ The world trade volume is about 1.1 billion tons, 17% of which is imported by Japan.
-The world trade volume of coal is about 15% of entire production volume of coal. (Coal is
produced and consumed locally, in principle.)
Ref.: IEA Coal Information2012Ref. :BP Statistics 2012
Recoverable reserves
860.9 billion t
(2011)
China
3.65 billion t
48%
US
0.93 billion t
12%
India
0.69 billion t
9%Russia
0.23 billion t
3%
Germany
0.23 billion t
3%
South Africa
0.18 billion t
2%
Japan
0.17 billion t
2%
Poland
150 million t
2%
Korea
130 million t
2%
Australia
120 million t
2%
Others
1.15 billion t
15%
Coal consumption
7,627.76 million t
(estimate in 2011)
Countries from which Japan
imports coal (2012)
Ref.: Trade statistics, Ministry of Finance
Japan
175 million t
17 %
China
191 million t
18 %
India
106 million t
10 %
Korea
129 million t
12 %
Taiwan
63 million t
6 %
Germany
41 million t
4 %
UK
33 million t
3 %
Russia
25 million t
2 %
Spain
16 million t
2 %
France
15 million t
1 %
Others
309 million t
30 %
Coal import
1,102.41 million t
(estimate in 2011)
11
13. 12
Change of coal resource price (in case of long-term contract)
53.5
53.5 50.95
41.9
39.75 42.7548.1
46.2 57.2
125
115
97
300
128.5
200
225
209
225
330
315
285
206
225
170
165
172
40.3
37.65
34.5
29.95
28.75
34.5 31.85
26.75
45 53
52.5
55.5
125
69
98
98 98
98
130
130
130 130
115 115 115 115
95
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013
US$/t
Fiscal year
<Change in long-term contract price of coal>
原料炭
一般炭
○ The long-term contract price of coal had not changed much but in recent years it has been increasing because of the increase of the coal
demand in the world, in particular in Asia, and because of the shortage of the coal export infrastructure capacity in Australia.
○ The price has been hovering at a high level in recent years due to natural disasters in the coal countries and due to the rapid increase of
the coal demand in China and India. However in very recent years, the price starts decreasing because of the worldwide economic
recession and the excessive energy supply due to increased production of shale gas.
*FOB price of typical Australian coal
(1) Increase by coal demand increase in China, India, etc.
(2) Increase by paralyzed traffic in China due to heavy snow
Sudden drop by worldwide recession
starting from the subprime loans problem
(1)Production stop at a coal mine due to rain in QLD state, Australia
(2) Paralyzed traffic and temporary stop of export in China due to
snow
Decrease by production increase
in Australia and Canada
Increase by global coal
supply-demand imbalance
Increase by short
supply due to rain
from December
2010
1st quarter
in FY2013
Decrease by excess
of supply due to global
economic recession
Raw coal
General coal
14. Coal situation
○Mongolia
- Has high quality raw coal.
Transportation via Russia and China.
- Railway, power plant
○Russia
- Expected as mid-term stable coal
supplying country. It also has rich
resources (the world’s second richest.)
- Railway, port
○Mozambique
- NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION acquired
interest, supporting development of
high-quality raw coal.
- Port, railway
○Indonesia
- The world’s largest coal exporting
country. The second largest coal
supplying country for Japan and will
continue being an important country.
○Australia
- The largest coal supplying country for
Japan. Increase in labor costs.
Environmental regulation.
○Columbia
- Evaluated as new supplier after the
expansion of Panama Canal
○US, Canada
- Re-evaluated as coal supplier by their
shale gas revolution. The world’s largest
reserves of coal.
0
50
100
150
200
'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11*
輸入量
輸出量
Change of long-term contract price
($/t)
(年度)
(年)
Change of import/export in China(百万t)
Important areas for our securing coal resources
○ Coal is important as a raw material for iron making (i.e. raw coal) for steel industry. Coal is also necessary as fuel material (i.e. general coal)
for coal thermal power generation which occupies 25% of entire energy supply. Stable supply of coal is therefore critical.
○ (1) Increase of coal demand in new developing countries such as China and India, (2) Coal supply instability occurred due to natural
disasters in Australia, etc., from which 60% of coal is imported. It is therefore necessary to secure stable suppliers other than Australia or
Indonesia. Mozambique is currently the most important supplier country of raw coal. It is essential to support the development of large-scale
railways and port infrastructure that are necessary for coal transport.
13
Coal import in 2012
0
100
200
300
400
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
原料炭
一般炭
Australia
62%
Indonesia
20%
Canada
5%
US
3%
Others
1%
China
2%
Russia
7%
Coal import
185.15 million t
Million (t)
Import
Export
(Year)
Raw coal
General coal
(FY)
15. Direction of future activities for coal resource securing strategy
14
Enhancement of
importance
- General coal for power
generation and raw coal for
iron making, etc.
Enhancement of
supply risks
- Increase of demand and
import in China and India
- Oligopoly by resource major
companies
- ”Ship congestion problem”
- Increase of price and cost of
acquiring interest
Diversification of supply countries
○ New supply from Mozambique , Mongolia, Russia, etc. and re-examination of supply
from US and Canada
Link to infrastructure development of railways and ports
○ Mozambique, Mongolia, etc. require us to join the infrastructure development of
transportation such as railways and ports, electric power supply facilities, industrial
water supply, waste water facilities, and shipping facilities.
Link to export of a clean coal technology for coal thermal power
generation
○ With the countries that have a coal resource as well as consume a large amount of coal,
such as Australia, Indonesia, India, etc., collaborative relationship will be established for
package-type infrastructure export of the technologies of making the coal thermal power
generation more efficient and cleaner to secure stable supply and relax the global
supply-demand balance.
Development of support system
○ Development support for coal resource as well as metallic mineral by JOGMEC
Coal will continue to be an important resource from a viewpoint of stable energy supply and industrial competitiveness, but various risks of
the supply are emerging.
For future supply of coal, not only the diversification of the coal supply countries and the development of a support system but also the
collaboration with infrastructure development of railways and ports and with the export of a clean coal technology of coal thermal power
generation are becoming important.
Direction of future activities
17. Low-carbon
coal thermal
power
generation
Multi-use of
low-grade
coal to relax
supply-
demand
balance
Environment
al measure
Lower carbon
of foreign coal
thermal power
generation by
technology
transfer
Development
and
introduction of
liquefaction and
gasification
technologies
Development
and
introduction of
improvement
technology
Zero emission
Coal power plant
technology transfer
Support for system
export (O&M)
Liquefactionandgasification
technologydevelopment
accordingtotheenergy
supply-demandbalancein
coalcountries
Development of drying
performance
improvement technology
Collection after combustion
Collectionbefore combustion
Coal gasification
technology
Liquefaction and
slurrying technology
Lignite drying technology
Lignite quality
improvement technology
Survey of effective use of coal ash
Cleancoaltechnologydevelopment(Reductionofminorcomponentinfluence)
Integrated coal
gasification combined
power generation (IGCC)
Coalgasificationfuelbattery
combinedpowergeneration
(IGFC)
Advanced integrated coal
gasification combined
power generation (A-
IGCC/A-IGFC)
Callide oxyfuel project
Clean coal technology development (physical collection method)
Eco-Pro FS (finished)
Technological development of making unused coal a usable resource (finished)
Clean methane production technology study
Hot water treating slurry technology
High-efficiency lignite drying system study (finished)
Low-grade coal quality improvement technology (UBC) (finished)
Advanced ultra supercritical
pressure thermal power
generation (A-USC)
Nakoso IGCC project (finished)
CO2 separation and
collectiontechnology
Lignite slurrying
technology
SNG production technology
Partial coal hydropyrolysis
Lignite drying technology
Lignite briquette technology
Specific project
EAGLE project (finished)
Osaki Cool Gen Project
Clean coal technology development (Basic research)
InternationalcooperationprojectforCCTtechnologiestorespondclimatechange
Survey of system formation for highly efficient use of coal
Technology sector Individual technologyAim
Zero Gen FS (finished)
Matsushima project (completed)
General industrial boiler CO2 collection FS (finished)
Hydrogenation thermal decomposition technology development (finished)
A-USC element technology development
Hydrogen Chain FS (finished)
Lower carbon,
and zero
emission of
domestic coal
thermal power
generation
High efficiency
Environmental
measure
technology
Clean coal technology development (Total FS) (finished)
Experimental project of multi-use technology of gasified low-grade coal
CO2 collection type IGCC
Pulverized coal thermal
power generation technology
Coal gasificationcombined
power generation
technology
Oxygen burning
Policy system of clean coal technology development
*Red: Project in FY2013 16
Circulating fluidized bed
gasification technology
18. Coal thermal power
generation (Site B) in a
developing country
Heat efficiency (%, HHV)
0 10 20 30 40
Years from start of operation
Designed heat
efficiency
Designed heat
efficiency
Fall of heat
efficiency
Coal thermal power
generation (Site A) in Japan
[Importance of appropriate plant control]
Ref.: FEPC
[Change of average coal thermal power generation
efficiency in different countries]
Heat efficiency (%, LHV)
Ref.: Energy balances of OECD/Non-OECD countries-2012
Coal thermal power generation efficiency in Japan is now in the world’s highest level and kept high for a
long period of time after starting the power generation. This is due to Japan’s high efficiency technology
(supercritical pressure, ultra supercritical pressure) and know-how of the operation and control
Low carbon by technology transfer to overseas coal thermal power plants
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
日本
韓国
インドネシア
中国
豪州
インド
ドイツ
米国
17
Japan
Korea
Indonesia
China
Australia
India
Germany
US
19. For further improvement of coal thermal power generation efficiency, development of technologies such as Integrated coal Gasification
Combined Cycle (IGCC), Integrated coal Gasification Fuel Cell combined Cycle (IGFC),Advanced Ultra SuperCritical pressure thermal power
generation (A-USC) taking advantage of Japan’s technologies is important.
Power generation efficiency and even higher efficiency of coal thermal power generation in Japan
<Efficiency improvement of coal thermal power generation>
18
Existing power generation technologies Future technology development
Integrated coal gasification
fuel cell combined system (IGFC)
Advanced ultra supercritical pressure
(A-USC) (steam temperature 700 Celsius
degrees, steam pressure 24.1MPa)
Integrated coal gasification combined
system (IGCC) test facilities
Ultra supercritical pressure (USC)
(steam temperature 566 Celsius degree or
higher, steam pressure 22.1MPa)
Sub supercritical pressure (Sub-SC)
(Steam pressure lower than 22.1MPa)
Supercritical pressure (SC)
(steam temperature 566 Celsius degree
or lower, steam pressure 22.1MPa)
Heatefficiency(%)(generatingend,HHV)
Year
20. 864
810
695
476
375
200
400
600
800
1,000
石炭火力…USC IGCC IGFC 石油火力…LNG火力…LNG火力…
○CO2 generation per heat from different fuels → coal : oil : LNG = 5 : 4 : 3
○CO2 generation per kWh → coal : LNG = 2 : 1
○Since coal generates relatively larger amount of CO2 per heat or kWh than other fossil fuels, clean
use of coal is required.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
石 炭 石 油 LNG
(g-C/1000kcal)
石 炭 石 油 LNG
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
石 炭 石 油 LNG
(g-C/1000kcal)
石 炭 石 油 LNG
5 : 4 : 3
Ref.: Japanese Government’s report based on “United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change “
CO2 generation per heat
Ref.: Estimate from development objectives of each research project at Central
Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (2009)
(g-CO2/kWh)
CO2 generation per kWh from fuel
Comparison of CO2 generation from fuels in power generation
19
Coal Oil LNG
Coal Oil LNG
Coal thermal
(average)
Oil thermal
(average)
LNG thermal
(steam)
LNG thermal
(combined
average)
21. Coal, etc.
36%
Oil, etc. 40%
Natural gas,
etc.
18%
Industrial
process
4%
Waste
2%
(Ref.: Green house gas emission and absorption inventory)
CO2 emission
in FY2010
1.192 billion tons
○ 98% of the entire CO2 emission in Japan is occupied by the energy sector. 34% of direct emission is
occupied by energy conversion sector and 35% of indirect emission by industrial sector.
○40% of emission is occupied by oil and 36% by coal. About 0.2 billion tons of CO2 is emitted from
coal power plants.
CO2 emission in Japan
34%
29%
19%
8%
5%
3%2%
Energy
conversion
7%
Industry
35%
Transportation
20%
Business, others
18%
Household
14%
Industrial
process
4%
Waste
2%
CO2 emission
in FY2010
1.192 billion tons
Outer: Indirect emission
Inner: Direct emission
Coal produces about 0.43
billion tons of CO2 and about
0.2 billion tons of CO2 is
from coal power plants.
CO2 emission from each sector in FY2010 CO2 emission from each fuel in FY2010
20
22. Integrated coal gasification fuel cell combined system experiment project (Osaki Cool Gen)
Project details
○ Oxygen injection coal gasification technology (oxygen blown IGCC) which
makes it efficient and easy to separate and collect CO2 is established.
Experiments of triple-combined power generation technology by
combining fuel cell of the hydrogen obtained by future oxygen injection
gasification are conducted.
(1) Technical characteristics
○ Gross thermal efficiency 55% (←current USC 41%)
○ Use of subbituminous coal, which can be easily gasified (use of low-
grade coal)
○ Easy separation and collection of CO2 by oxygen injection (CO2
reduction)
○ Use of hydrogen by oxygen injection (fuel cell)
(2) Organizer: Osaki Cool Gen (J-POWER, Chugoku Electric Power)
(3) Project term: 2012-2021
(Total of 30 billion yen, total project cost of 90 billion yen) *Only 1st stage
Combustible gas H2, CO etc.
Air
Air
separati
on unit Oxygen
Gasification furnace
Steam
turbine
Gas
turbine
H2
Burner
Air
compressor
Generator
Waste heat collection boiler
Chimney
CO
H2
H2
CO H2
CO2 transport
and storage
Shift reactor CO2 collection
and separation
<1st stage>
<2nd stage>
<3rd stage>
Integrated coal Gasification
Combined Cycle (IGCC)
CO2 collection technology
Fuel cell
H2
Project overview
Existing waste water
treatment facilities
Coal gasification
facilities
Gas purification
facilities
New waste water
treatment facilities
CO2 separation
and collection
facilities
Air separation
facilities
Combined power
generation
facilities
Rendering
Project site: Kamijimacho, Osaki, Toyoda, Hiroshima
Future schedule
FY 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
1st stage
Oxygen blown
IGCC
experiments
2nd stage
CO2separation
and collection
type GCCexperiments
3rd stage
CO2 separation
and collection
type IGFC
experiments
Demonstration
test
Oxygen blown IGCC detailed design and
construction
Demonstration
test
detailed design and construction of
CO2separation and collection
Application technology
assessment
Image design
CO2
transport and
storage test
Demonstration
test
CO2 collection integrated type of
IGCC/IGFC:
Detailed design and construction
Technical survey,
Image design
21
23. 圧縮機 貯槽設備
Coal gasification power plant
CO2 level of exhaust
gas from burning:
7-40%
Off gas
(Return to chimney)
Liquefaction facilities Injection well
ポンプ&気化器
Storage facilities
<Underground storage><Transportation><Separation, collection>
Transport by ships
<Gasification, burning>
CO2回収装置
CO2
CO2
Undergroundstorage
○Reduction of CO2 emission from coal thermal power plants is strongly demanded to respond to the
global warming issues.
○Realization of a total system from power generation to CO2 storage is aimed at by combining efficiency
improvement of coal thermal power plants and CCS.
Total system of highly-efficient low-carbon coal thermal power generation
○ Storage potential of Japan?
○ Environmental impact, safety, monitoring?
○ Technology development of separation and collection
Expected cost?
Incentive?
Who pays?
22
24. ○ Demonstration test is conducted to establish CO2 collection
and storage (CCS) technologies that could drastically reduce
green house gas emission to prevent the global warming.
○ The project tests a technology of underground storage of
CO2 that is separated and collected from off gas at a refinery.
About 0.1 million tons of CO2 will be stored underground (at
about 1,000m depth) in a year. Also a test of basic
technologies such as simulation technology of predicting
long-term CO2 behavior and CO2 monitoring technology will
be performed.
○ In February 2012, offshore Tomakomai was selected as test
site according to geological survey results. At present, EPC
(engineering, procurement, construction) is being conducted
to develop CO2 separation and collection facilities,
pressurized injection facilities, pressurized injection well, etc.
○ Company in charge of project: Japan CCS Co., Ltd
○ Project term: 2009-2020
Project details Project overview
帯水層の顕微鏡写真
Pore(空隙)部分に
CO2を貯留
分離・回収 輸送 圧入
海上施設
より圧入
パイプライン
輸送
分離・回収
大規模排出源
パイプライン
輸送
地上施設
より圧入
不透水層
不透水層
CO2
CO2
陸域
地中帯水層
海域
地中帯水層
地上施設
より圧入
Tomakomai demonstration test project
23
Separation and
collection
Transport Injection
Injection from
facilities on
ground
Injection from
facilities on
ground
Injection from
sea-based
facilities
Separation
andcollection
Pipeline
transport
Pipeline
transport
Impermeable
layer
Impermeable
layer
Large-scale
emission source
Continental
underground
water-bearing
layer
Ocean
underground
water-bearing
layer
Microgram of water-
bearing layer
CO2 stored in pore (gap)
25. ○ Power generation cost with CCS
- In the direct storage case (1), total power generation cost increases by 45% (approximately the same as in NETL cases1) which increases
the cost by 40%). In the transport cases (2)-(6) the total cost increases by 80% (larger than in NETL cases which increases the cost by
45%).
- Compared to the case without CO2 separation and collection, the power generation cost with CO2 separation and collection increases by
25% due to the reduction of the sending-end output.
- Transport (incl. transport of liquefied and pressurized CO2) and storage occupy 10% of the power generation cost in the direct storage
case and 30% in the transport cases. (The construction cost of CO2 tank for shipment, base for receiving shipped CO2, and dedicated ship
is large.)
○ CO2 treatment cost breakdown
- Cost of the transportation (incl. liquefaction and pressurization) and storage is relatively large, occupying 50-70% of the CO2 treatment
cost.
1) Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants DOE/NETL-2010/1397
Taken from the result of “Zero Emission Coal-Fired Power Technology Development Project” in Zero Emission Coal-Fired Power Technology Development Project
(Note) Condition of each case
-Storage near power plant (no transport): Case (1) Direct Storage
-Transport of liquefied CO2 by ship: Case (2) Land Base (that allows berthing of ship), Case (3) Ocean base fixed to the seafloor (for shallow ocean), Case (4) Ocean Floating Base (for deep ocean)
-Transport through pipe line: Case (5) Liquid, Case (6) Gas
Preliminary calculation of CCS cost
24
Transport, storage
Power
generation
Powergenerationcost(yen/kWh)
No CCS Case (1) Case (2) Case (3) Case (4) Case (5) Case (6)
(No transport: 0km)
Power generation:
Capital charge
Transport: O&M cost
Power generation:
O&M cost
Storage: Capital charge
Power generation: Fuel
cost
Storage: O&M cost
Transport: Capital
charge
CO2treatmentcost(yen/tonCO2)
Case (1) Case (2) Case (3) Case (4) Case (5) Case (6)
(No transport: 0km)
Separation
and collection
Energy penalty Liquefactionand
pressurization
Transport Storage
26. 25
0
10
20
30
40
50
Nuclear Coal-fired
(new policy
scenario)
LNG-fired
(new policy
scenario)
Wind power
(onshore)
Oil-fired Solar
(residential)
Geothermal
[capacity utilization rate (%) /useful years ]
[70%/40 yr]
[80%/40 yr] [80%/40 yr] [20%/20 yr]
[80%/40 yr] [50% or 10%
/40 yr]
(30% in 2004
estimates)
[12%/20 yr]
(35 yr in 2030 model)
Gas cogeneration
(before deduction
of heat value)
[70%/30 yr]
5.9
8.9-
(2010=2030)
10.3
↑
9.5
10.9
↑
10.7
9.9-
17.3
↓
8.8-
17.3
9.2-
11.6
(2010=
2030)
11.5
↑
10.6
33.4-
38.3
↓
9.9-
20.0
5.7
6.2
Energy
saving
A/C:
7.9-23.4
Fridge:
1.5-13.4
Incandesce
nt lamp
LED 0.1
<Legends>
2004
estimates
2010
model
2030
model
Upper limit
Lower limit
Upper limit
Lower limit
20.1
↑
19.7
(before
deduction
of heat
value)
Wind power
(off-shore)
[30%/20 yr]
9.4-
23.1
↓
8.6-
23.1
○Even more attractive to
power consumers when
savings in electricity fees
(¥20 for households, ¥14
for commercial/industrial
customers) are
considered.
(4) Solar : ¥10-20
(5) Distributed power
sources
around ¥10-20
○Incurs social
costs, e.g. cost
to prepare for
the risk of
accidents.
○¥8.9/kWh or
more
○Increases with fuel
costs and CO2
emission measures.
○As competitive as
nuclear energy.
○Competitive even in at present
if conditions are favorable.
○The following constraints apply
to large-scale installations.
・Higher transmission costs for
wind power due to concentration
of plants in Hokkaido and
Tohoku
・Constraints on geothermal heat,
e.g. concentration in natural
parks
(1) Nuclear
approx.
¥9 or more
(2) Coal & LNG
in the ¥10 range
(3) Wind & geothermal
¥10 or less in some
cases even now ○For large-scale installations,
backup by auxiliary power
supply or storage batteries is
needed.
[¥/kWh]
16.5
38.9
↑
36.0
(10%)
25.1
↑
22.1
(50%)
Power Generation Cost Comparison Among Major Power Sources
27. * IEA World Energy Outlook 2012
Calculated by 79.97yen/dollar (exchange rate as of 2011)
with new construction and replacement of plants included
○Expected introduction of coal thermal generation in the world (2012→2035)
○According to IEA, the coal thermal power generation has a world market of about 129 trillion yen
including new construction and replacement of plants in 2012 through 2035 .
○In particular in Asia, it is about 79 trillion yen and the demand of coal thermal power generation is
expected to expand in Asia.
Europe
11.6 trillion yen
(311GW→188GW)
Russia
5.9 trillion yen
(52GW→42GW)
Middle East
0.1 trillion yen
(0GW→1GW)
Africa
9.1 trillion yen
(41GW→79GW)
East Europe
5.5 trillion yen
(57GW→42GW)
India
27.7 trillion yen
(101GW→341GW)
Asian Pacific
(except China, India)
24.0 trillion yen
(159GW→300GW)
North America
16.6 trillion yen
(360GW→272GW)
South America
0.8 trillion yen
(4GW→9GW)
China
27.3 trillion yen
(671GW→1,122GW)
26
Upper: Area, Middle: Investment from 2012 to 2035
Lower: Facility capacity from 2010 to 2035
World Total
129 trillion yen
(1,649GW ⇒2,250GW)
28. Ref.:
・ IEA CO2 EMISSIONS FROM FUEL
COMBUSTION Highlights(2011
Edition)
・Global warming countermeasure
plan (J-POWER, Nov. 30, 2010)
・ RUPTL10-19, CEA "National
Electricity Plan“
・INSTITUTE of ENERGY "VIETNAM
POWER sector power master plan"
○ Coal thermal power generation efficiency in Japan is now in the world’s highest level and kept high for a long period
of time after starting the power generation. This is due to Japan’s high efficiency technology (supercritical pressure,
ultra supercritical pressure) and know-how of the operation and control.
○ CO2 reduction is expected to be about 450 million tons (in trial calculation) if Japan’s latest coal thermal power
generation efficiency is applied to coal thermal power plants planned in India, Indonesia, and Vietnam with which
Japan is currently negotiating for a bilateral offset credit system.
○ Overseas expansion of Japan’s high-efficiency coal thermal power generation is promoted by the technology transfer
of the high-efficiency coal thermal power generation technologies or by the system export of the technologies and
the coal power generation operation control technology (O&M), while the technology competitiveness is maintained
Efficient CO2 emission reduction in foreign countries
(International development of coal thermal power generation)CO2emission(Mt-CO2)
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
895
227
432
575
172
354
India Indonesia Vietnam
Case 1: The case where the currently-
used technologies are used
again
Case 2: The case where Japanese
technologies are introduced
Case 1 Case 2 Case 1 Case 2 Case 1 Case 2
320Mt-CO2
DOWN
55Mt-CO2
DOWN
78Mt-CO2
DOWN
* Operating rate of a new coal thermal
power plant is assumed to be 70%.
[CO2 emission from coal thermal power generation (Comparison of introduction of existing
technology and introduction of Japanese technologies) ]
115,800MW(-2022) 32,697MW(-2019) 71,311MW(-2030)
Country
Newly-built facility
450 million tons
27
29. (1) Development of gasification and slurrying technologies in accordance with the energy supply-demand balance in the coal countries
(2) Methane, DME, etc created by the gasification of low-grade coal will be able to contribute to the clean energy supply to Japan in future
(3) Development of multi-use of gasified products: Chemical materials such as fertilizer, in addition to fuel
(1) Technological development of dehydration and drying for efficient transport and better combustion efficiency
低品位炭
発電用
一般炭
産炭国
CO2
回収・貯留
メタノール
DME
FT合成油など
既存の
LNG製造設備
で液化
LNG
ガス化 液体燃料
製造
SNG製造
大量消費国
既存のLNG輸送インフラに合流
CO2
回収・貯留
灰
灰
山元発電
国内需要を賄うとと
もに、海外へも輸出
高効率乾燥
システムによる
発電効率向上
1. Development and introduction of low-grade coal gasification and slurrying technologies
2. Development and introduction of low-grade coal improvement technologies for
effective use of unused resources
Effective use of low-grade coal
改質炭
Ensuring of surplus
export capability
and relaxing of energy
supply-demand balance
in coal countries
Relaxing of energy supply-demand
balance
In Asian countries
Stable supply of coal to Japan
Diversification of energy sources
28
Coal country
General
coal for
power
generation
Low-grade
coal
Improved
coal
Mine mouth
power
generation
Gasifica-
tion
Liquid fuel
production
SNG
productionCO2
collection
and storage
Ash
Methanol, DME,
FT synthetic oil,
etc.
Power generation
efficiency
improvement with
high-efficiency
drying system
Not only supply for
domestic demand but
also export to overseas
Liquefaction at
existing LNG
production
facilities
CO2
collection
and storage
Ash
Major consumer country
Transported by existing LNG transport infrastructure
31. ○ Ensuring stable supply of coal resources for
stabilization of energy supply-demand balance and
strengthening and maintaining industrial
competitiveness
○ Promotion and overseas development of clean coal
technologies
· Communications between the governments
· Budget, investment, debt guarantee, and
utilization of ODA, yen loan, JBIC, and NEXI
[Policy tool]
◆ Promotion of coal use technologiesEnsuring stable supply of coal resources
<Protection of Japan’s interests>
<Stronger relationship with coal countries>
<Relaxing of supply-demand balance (Use of low-
grade coal)>
<Higher efficiency, CCS>
<Contribution to CO2 reduction by overseas development
of clean coal technologies>
<Use of low-grade coal>
Coal will keep contributing to energy source diversification of Japan
Coal policy
Direction of coal policy in Japan
30