Gas consumption is important because air pollution from gas usage leads to 7 million premature deaths annually. Reducing gas consumption improves energy security by diversifying importers and reducing dependence. Ukraine's gas consumption can be reduced to realistic targets of 60 kWh/m2 by 2030 from current levels of 250-275 kWh/m2 through measures like individual heat substations, thermostatic radiator valves, heat cost allocators, and improving metering and billing based on consumption. This could save 11.4 bcm of gas annually, over 60% of Ukraine's gas used for heating.