Our mother earth is going through a very tough situation and us, the entire human race is very much responsible for this. We are destroying our environment consciously or unconsciously without even realizing its consequences. Now we have to act very smart and plan something to sustain what we still have. We have to think about our future generation as well so that they get all the necessary support from nature to lead healthy lives. To do so we need to use all-natural amenities very smartly.

1. Garden design
•Design is an orderly arrangement of
living and inanimate objects to
achieve apleasing objective.
•Tomake agarden requires the useof
creative instinct andimagination.
•Agarden established in anorderly
manner is apleasure to everyone.

2. Elements of design
There are four Elements of design
Colour
Texture
Form
Line

3. Colour
•There is tremendous variation in the colouration of
different plant organs-flowers, fruit,foliage, stem, and
bark.
•Indeed, the most attractive colours are thoseof
natural flowers, fruits, andfoliage.
•Eachcolour presents an assortment of hues inall
intensities.
•Themost predominant and indispensable is green, in
all possible tones andvalues.
•Green is pervasive, pleasing, and restful to theeyes
and the mind.

4. Continue…
• Red,orange, and yellow suggestwarmth, while
blue, purple, and green are regarded ascoolcolours.
• Another perception is that thewarm colours seemto
advancetowards the observer and the cool colours
seemto remain in thebackground.
• Thepure colours of the spectrum-red, blue, and
yellow-Iook closer to the observer than when tinted
towards neutral grey.
• Therefore, these perceptual sensations associated with
different colours give life to a landscape and create the
effect of advanceorrecession.

10. Texture
•In design, texture means thevisual
effect of tactile surfacequality.
•Plant materials like leaf, stem, andbark
vary in texture; someare
smooth, soft, and fine - like flower
petals; others are rough, hard, and rigid-
like the bark of an acaciatree.

11. Continue….
• Thedifferent textures of plant materials
and speciescanbe arranged to producea
visual effect of contrast.
• Therefore textural differences among
plants should be one of theconsiderations
in the choice of speciesfor planting in a
landscape.

15. Form.
•Theterms form and habit are often usedwhile
talking about the appearance ofplants.
•Habit canbe described asthe direction of
growth, and form asthe shape of athree-
dimensional object.
•With trees,the habit aspect is generally most
prominent, while with shrubs form is most
salient.

16. Continue…
• In deciding on the visual suitability of plants
with particular habits, other visual qualities
like colour should also influence plantchoice.
• There is afield of psychotherapy using plants.
Designers and plant therapists believe that
certain combinations of objects with
distinctive forms and habits produce effectsof
stress, repose, or balance.

26. Line
•Line guides the eye from one part of a design
to another; it defines shape and structure, and
canevokeemotional responses.
•For these reasons straight and curved lines are
combined in designs.
•Triangles, rectangles, circles, and modifications
of these and other geometric forms are used in
designing.

28. Principles of design
Theseare asfollows
Balance
Rhythm
Emphasi
s
Harmony

29. Balance
• Balance refers to the arrangement ofobjects
around avertical axis.
• Balance implies equilibrium, which maybe
real or illusory.
• Theexact matching of speciesand positions of
the plants on eachside of adominant
centerpiece like abuilding creates balanceand
symmetry.

30. Continue…
•Theformal landscapesin front of the Taj
Mahal at Agraand Jehangir's Tombat Lahore
are superb examplesof balance.
•In informal designing, balance is not achieved
merely by exact matching of speciesand
positions of plants on eachside of an axis,but
by an intelligent useof colour, texture, and
form.

34. Rhythm
•Rhythm refers to the occurrence of some
object, sound, or event at regular intervalsof
spaceor time.
•Very common examples of rhythm are the
heartbeat, adrum beat, or repetition ofamotif
in adesign.
•In the context of landscape designing it would
be the repetition of a plant, tree, or flower bed
at equal intervals in agarden.

39. Emphasis
•Asin apainting, in agarden there is usually some
special object to be focused on and highlighted.
This aspect of design is achieved by careful
placement of dominant plants or other object( s)
which give emphasis to thedesign.
•Alarge tree, colourful shrubs or flowers, or
features like a pool or terrace can be used to
create accent.

44. Harmony
•Harmony results when all the materials in the
design combine to produce apleasing effect, and
depends on good useof scaleand combinationof
plant materials.
•Thelandscape designer should aim at unity inthe
overall design, and coherence of its various parts
and elements.
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