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Game Design In Practice 
Game Design for Indie Games
Let’s Play Chess 
● Find the one-move solution to this chess problem
Let’s Play Chess 
● How much time did it take? 
● How much time it would subsequent attempts take?
Mechanics, Dynamics & Aesthetics
Mechanics, Dynamics & Aesthetics 
By Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc, Robert Zubek 
● Gives us basic terminology 
● The player perceives the aesthetics built by the 
dynamics made out of mechanics 
● The designer designs mechanics which result in 
dynamics with certain aesthetics
Mechanics 
● Base components of a game 
● Rules 
● Every basic action the player takes
Dynamics 
● The run-time behavior of the mechanics 
● New dynamics may emerge from different 
combinations of mechanics 
● Implicitly designed
Aesthetics 
● Emotional responses evoked in the player 
● Hard to design 
● The most important part of the player experience
Emergence in Games
Emergence in Games 
● Not in Chess
Emergence in Games 
● Clever design could result in emergent gameplay 
● Gives the game high replayability at low cost
Emergence in Games 
● Physics
Emergence in Games 
● Multiplayer
Arcs and Loops 
by Daniel Cook
Arcs and Loops 
● Loops are a set of actions which the player 
repeatedly takes and receives feedback from the 
game 
● Arcs are broken loops
Loops 
● The player starts with a mental model 
● The model conditions the player to take an action 
● The game system returns feedback to the player 
● The feedback causes an emotional response
Arcs 
● A broken loop 
● One time actions 
● Links material in complex feedback
Arcs 
● Story
Loops 
● Shooting & Running
Core Loop 
● The cornerstone of our game 
● The thing that defines the player gameplay
Lean Approach
Lean Approach 
● Scientific tests to prove game hypothesis 
● No unverified speculations 
● Failing Fast
Lean Approach 
● Split testing
Summary
Summary 
● Mechanics, Dynamics & Aesthetics 
● Arcs and Loops 
● Emergent Gameplay 
● Lean Approach
“Our future prosperity depends on 
the quality of our collective 
imaginations.” 
Eric Ries 
The Lean Startup

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Game design in practice