Galaxy Forum Southeast Asia 2017 — Jakarta Saturday 18 February (08:30 – 13:30) @ Skyworld TMII, Jakarta, Indonesia ILOA is very pleased to have cooperation and participation in organizing this Galaxy Forum Southeast Asia of Among Putro SKYWORLD Indonesia, which is a private space/aerospace, astronomy and related science/technology educational and recreational institution located on a national semi-governmental cultural conservation, education and recreational park called “Taman Mini Indonesia Indah” (Wonderful Indonesian Miniature Park) in the city of Jakarta. Background: Galaxy Forum is the primary education and outreach initiative of ILOA, it is an architecture designed to advance 21st Century science, education, enterprise and development around the world. Galaxy Forums are public events specifically geared towards high school teachers, educators, astronomers of all kinds, students and the general public. Presentations are provided by experts in the fields of astrophysics / galaxy research, space exploration and STEM education, as well as related aspects of culture and traditional knowledge. Interactive panel discussions allow for community participation and integration of local perspectives. Stats: More than 70 Galaxy Forums, with over 300 presentations to date. Held in 26 locations worldwide including Hawaii, Silicon Valley, Canada, China, India, Southeast Asia, Japan, Europe, Africa, Chile, Brazil, Kansas and New York. Started with Galaxy Forum USA, July 4, 2008 in Silicon Valley, California. International Lunar Observatory Association (ILOA) is an interglobal enterprise incorporated in Hawaii as a 501(c)(3) non-profit to expand human knowledge of the Cosmos through observation from our Moon and to participate in internationally cooperative lunar base build-out, with Aloha – the spirit of Hawaii.

1. Recent Developments
of Astronomy in Vietnam
Pham Tuan-Anh
On behalf of Department of Astrophysics
Vietnam National Satellite Center
(VNSC/VAST)
Jakarta, 2/2017

2. Outreach: Vietnam Space Centre and
Science Exploration Centre
Instruments
Recent developments
Which support do we need?
OUTLINE

3. OUTREACH
It is the domain that is best developed
Several amateur astronomer clubs
Planetariums and similar initiatives at various places,
Hoa Lac, Quy Nhon, Vinh…
Good introduction to astronomy/astrophysics
given to future high school teachers
in universities of education in TPHCM and Hanoi

4. Vietnam Space Centre
4
Ha Noi
Nha Trang
Ho Chi Minh City
Vietnam Space Centre in
Hoa Lac High Tech Park
Nha Trang ObservatorySpace Application Centre
in Ho Chi Minh City
Centre of Human
Resource Development in
Space Technology

5. Vietnam Space Centre Project
5
Capacity Building for
Satellite Development
 2 SAR EO satellites
 Utilization of satellite image data
 AIT facilities for small satellites
 Satellite operation centre
 S & X-band ground station
 R & D facilities
 Public education in space
Fund: Japanese ODA & Vietnam
Duration: 2012 - 2021
Executing Agency: VNSC

6. 6
NanoDragon
PicoDragon
LOTUSat-2
MicroDragon
“Made-in-Vietnam” Satellites

7. 7
Space education
Universities:
 With five Japanse universities: The University
of Tokyo, Tohoku University, Hokkaido
University, Keio University, Kyushu
Institute of Technology for master’s degree
program in micro satellite
 Undergraduate Course in Aerospace Engineering
at Vietnam National University, Hanoi - VNU
 Undergraduate and Graduate Course in Space &
Application at University of Science and
Technology of Ha Noi – USTH and Ho Chi Minh
international University
International cooperation:

8. 8
Space museumSpace museum
Aims: Introduction and education on space technology
Space Museum: 2 floors with total area of 1700 m2
Project duration: 2015-2018
Planetarium: 12 m in diameter, 100 seats with digital projector system
Outdoor exhibition

9. 9
Space museumSpace museum
Welcome
Entrance Hall
1F 2F
11 INTRODUCTION
111 Why is the sky blue?
112 Rainbow Wonder
113 Ionosphere protects our
earth
114 Birth of earth and moon
115 Four seasons constellation
1 Look up Sky
12 Space and Basic sciences
121 Gravity and Dynamics
122 Vacuum
123 Light and Color
13 Voyage and Astronomy
131 Naviational stars in
seamanship
132 Astronomy in Vietnamese
history books
2 Our Home, Solar System
23 SPACE MISSION
231 Rocket and Satellite Science
232 Satellite Launch
233 Exploration of Planets
234 Search for Life
235 Mars: Terraforming
236 International Space Station
21 How the universe works
211 The Birth of the universe
212 The mystery of the Universe
213 Our Milky Way
22 Solar System
221 Planets of Solar System
222 Structure of Sun
3 Faraway from Home, Deep Space
32 Space Technology contribute to
Our Society and Life
321 Relationship between artificial satellite
and our life
322 Artificial satellite watching around earth
323 New Materials
324 Environmental Technology
31 Deep Space
311 Observe Deep Space
Telescope, Observation Technology
312 Birth and Future of Universe
4 Outdoor Exhibition

10. 10
Hòa Lạc siteHòa Lạc site
Hiện trạng Khu Bắc Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam tại Hòa Lạc
(hoàn thành T6/2017)
Hiện trạng Khu Nam Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam tại Hòa Lạc
(khởi công T12/2016)

11. Science Exploration Center
Qui Nhon, Vietnam
11
Qui Nhon
Project Information
Project name: Science Centre: The Planetarium
and The Exploratorium
Total estimation cost: US$ 7.84 M
Gross construction floorarea: 12,659 m2
Project duration: 2015 - 2017.
Project founder and developer: Rencontres du
Vietnam - Prof. Jean Tran Thanh Van and
People’s Committee of Binh Dinh Province
Project Investment Unit: Department of
Science and Technology of Binh Dinh province
and Youth Union of Binh Dinh province.
Project management: Binh Dinh key projects
management unit.
Design consultant: A collaboration between
studioMilou singapore and TAD

12. The Universe models area 500 m2
, 4 rooms:
– Solar System Exploration Room (250 m2
): planet models in the solar system, astronomical
phenomenon (solar eclipse, lunar eclipse…)
– ‘From A Particle To A Universe’ Room: fundamentals of quantum physics, principle of the
Universe (designed by the European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN)
– Universe Exploration Room: formation and evolution of galaxies and Universe, birth and
death of stars
– Earth Exploration Room: about the Earth, based on the development of the satellite systems
and modern data analyst applications
Science exploration centre
Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, Vietnam Planetarium: 300 m2
, 80 seats
and an area to display Universe
models
- Equipped with a 360° view
screen of 12 m diameter.
- With 2 digital projectors of 4K
resolution and 60 images per
second speed system.

13. Exploratorium
Design: European style ( Espace des Sciences in Rennes, the Cité des Sciences)
Two main goals: To trigger the scientific inspiration & to introduce to the youth
various applications from science to real life
Activities (3 large rooms over 1000 m2
) :
- Conduct scientific experiments to stimulate and explain basic principles in science
- Scientific models and machines
- Games “Discover the science world” specifically designed for children and
teenagers
Science courses with “La main à la pâte” (hands on) method.

14. The control
room hosts the
data acquisition
system (PC)
and display
screens for the
public
Optical telescopes
At least 7 VNSC staff members in total will follow a one week training
in Hoa Lac to learn how to use the equipment.
Each telescope is equipped with a CCD camera and a spectrometer.
The one in Nha Trang has been installed, the one in Hoa Lac will be
installed in June.
VNSC has acquired two optical telescopes located in two places: one in
Hon Chong, Nha Trang, another in Hoa Lac high-tech park, Ha Noi.

15. The equipment is operated by VNSC staff. However, astronomy
amateurs are encouraged to do observations with the technical help
from VNSC.
The telescope has a field of view slightly larger than the Moon (3600
km diameter) with a resolution of ~ 1 km; the Great Red Spot on the
surface of the Jupiter and Saturn and its disk are typical sources that
can be shown to the public.
The spectrometer can measure small radial velocities (Doppler) due
to its high spectral resolution (λ/δλ=12000) and covers a broad
range of wavelengths (from 4150 Å to 7600 Å) providing many
spectral lines.

16. Both Nha Trang and Hoa Lac are located at sea level and
therefore suffer implications of cloud coverage, haze, humidity,
wind, rain, temperature, etc depending on weather condition,
seasons that give an estimation of total good observing time about
10% per year.
Weather conditions
We need to follow closely weather forecast report each day when
schedule observing time and to monitor seeing conditions regularly
in order to obtain useful statistics. On both sites, light pollution
reduction filters may have to be used in some cases.

17. Camera PL16803
The spatial resolution is 0.45'' ~ a distance of 840 m on the surface of
the Moon.
The pointing accuracy is ~5''
Field of view is 30.8' x 30.8', slightly larger than the size of the Moon.
The camera CCD has a 4096×4096 array size, each pixel being 9×9
μm2
. The CCD provides black and white images.

18. Observations using the CCD camera
Observe storms, activities that happens on the surface of some
planets in solar system such as Mars, Jupiter, Saturn.
Observe some variable stars such as Algol(β Persei).
10 hours
Eclipsing binary star

19. Full spectrum covers from 4300 to 7100Å containing continuum and
tulleric lines.
Telluric line identification using the spectrometer
Look at a segment containing Hα line
Hα

20. Doppler equation
∆λ/λ=νapp/c
∆λ: Wavelength shift
λ: Theoretical wavelength
νapp: Apparent radial velocity
(the projection on line of sight)
c: Light velocity
Shifted to redShifted to blue
i : inclination of orbital plane on sky plane
vapp: apparent radial velocity
v: velocity
vapp = v sin(i)
i =90o
i =60o
i =0o
Radial velocity measurement using the spectrometer

21. Some possible observations using the spectrometer
Detect sodium cloud (respectively at 5889.95 Å and 5895.92 Å)
following Io, a satellite of Jupiter.
Measure planet's rotation such as the rotation of Jupiter or Saturn.
Spectra of variable B(e) stars emitting hydrogen lines Hα, Ηβ such as
η Tau, ϕ Per, ζTau.
Repeat measurement on radial velocity of Tau Boo (Mv=3.18, F7V)
All work above is aim to train ourself familiar with the instrument.

22. ASTROPHYSICS ACTIVITIESASTROPHYSICS ACTIVITIES
22

23. RESEARCH
(active researchers who publish their work)
Essentially limited to Pr. Phan Bao Ngoc in TPHCM,
Pr. Dinh Van Trung, Pr. Nguyen Quynh Lan and the
VNSC/VAST Department of Astrophysics (6 PhD + 1
PhD student) in Hanoi. At Vinatom/INST (Hanoi),
Pr. Dao Tien Khoa is active in nuclear astrophysics
Use of data obtained from collaborations or from
archived data

24. 24
- DAP/VNSC: stellar physics (birth and death of stars) and high
redshift galaxies (learning about the early Universe)
- Dinh Van Trung: ISM, evolved stars
- Phan Bao Ngoc: brown dwarf
- Nguyen Quynh Lan: cosmology
- Observations made with radio interferometers: Plateau de Bure (6 antennas), Very Large
Array (27) and ALMA (66).

25. Publications 2014-2016 (from SAO/NASA ADS)
(*) for conference proceedings
Author VN nonVN arXiv Reference Keywords
Trung, D.V. 1 5 - 2015 PKAS 30 349M Gas+jet AGN M51
Trung, D.V. 1 5 1410.7863 2015 ApJ 799 26M Gas+jet AGN M51
Trung, D.V. 1 19 1407.3235 2014 ApJ 792 94D Gas NGC 5044
Phan-Bao, N. 2 0 1602.06357 2016 A&A 588L 2D Low mass objects Taurus
Phan-Bao, N. 2 2 - 2015 PKAS 30 83P Outflows & low mass
Phan-Bao, N. 1 15 - *2015 AAS #225 HST nearUV flare spectra
Phan-Bao, N. 2 3 1408.4506 2014 ApJ 795 70P Outflows substellar
Phan-Bao, N. 1 3 1403.1926 2014 A&A 564 A32 SMA/SSTB213 J041757
Lan, N.Q. 3 0 1603.05277 2016 Still a draft Spinning dust
Lan, N.Q. 1 3 1406.3409 2014 PhRevD92 123514 Pre-inflation fluctuations
Lan, N.Q. 1 5 1406.3143 2016 ApJ 819 Betelgeuse
Lan, N.Q. 1 3 1601.01460 2016 Binary neutron stars
Lan, N.Q. 3 1 - 2015 PKAS 30 521L Galaxies local group
Lan, N.Q. 1 2 - 2015 PKAS 30 309M Preinflation & dark flow
Lan, N.Q. 1 7 - 2014 MPLA 2930012M Nucleosynthesis local group
Lan, N.Q. 2 1 - 2015 PKAS 30 315L Late decaying dark matter
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1609.03271 MNRAS accepted RX J0911
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1604.03801 MNRAS 463, 3563 Protostar L1527/ALMA
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1603.02405 2016 MNRAS 461, 4276 Deprojection methodology
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1603.00148 2016 MNRAS 460, 673 Mira Ceti/ALMA
DAP/VNSC 7 3 - *2016 ASPC 502 61D CSE’s AGB stars CO/HI
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1601.04834 2016 RAA Pi Gru/ALMA
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1601.01439 2016 RAA W Aql/CO
DAP/VNSC 7 2 1508.05208 2015 A&A EP Aqr/CO
DAP/VNSC 3 3 - *2015 ASPC497 133N RS Cnc CO sym.
DAP/VNSC 2 5 - *2015 ASPC497 119H RS Cnc CO+HI
DAP/VNSC 3 3 1409.5682 2015 RAA 15 713N RS Cnc asymmetry
DAP/VNSC 2 4 1503.01256 2015 MNRAS449 2386H HI models AGB stars
DAP/VNSC 7 0 1503.00858 2015 RAA 15 2213 Red rectangle CO
DAP/VNSC 8 0 1405.1525 2014 PASA 31 29D Solar osc. multipath
DAP/VNSC 2 5 1403.2163 2014A&A 565A 54H Multiscale RS Cnc
DAP/VNSC 8 0 2014 SoPh 289 939H Solar correlated osc.

26. A 2.6 m radio telescope @DAP (21 cm hydrogen line):
Detailed studies of its response (permil level effects);
measured the HI density in the Milky Way; the black body
temperature of the Moon; the polarisation of several solar flares
and found evidence for correlations between the periods of
solar scillations (amplitudes at the percent level) observed jointly
by us and by an Australian solar observatory (artefact caused by
multipathing).
26

27. INSTRUMENTS
In the present state of our community, we cannot
responsibly use a major instrument. Anyhow, our research
work makes use of international facilities that are at a
scale miles away from what
Vietnam might dream of.
The only instruments for which we can make a good case
are for training, and the cheaper the better.

28. They also want to promote the exploitation of such SRTs in
schools and universities (so far, a school in Quang Nam is
already using such an SRT)
They are now planning to acquire a more sensitive (and more
expensive…) receiver, to make measurements in the continuum,
to couple two telescopes as an interferometer
An example to be followed, encouraged and supported:
the Viet Nam Radio Telescope built in HCMC by a small team
lead by Le Quang Thuy encouraged by Nguyen Luong Quang

30. Viet Nam needs to develop its industry in advanced
electronics, microelectronics, optoelectronics, etc
South East and East Asian countries which succeeded to
develop science at a good level were all enjoying support
from a dynamic electronics industry
We might help by supporting a team working on an
advanced project suitable for such a development
Investing in the material that is required should then be a
priority

31. Some recent developments

32. On request from our directorate, we recently looked into the
possibility of acquiring a major national facility for astronomy. We
contacted active astrophysicists in Vietnam and abroad (Nguyen
Quang Rieu, Paul Ho, Young Chol Minh, Kaz Sekiguchi,
Masahiko Hayashi, Di Li) to seek their views and comments.
We argued that a 20 m or so diameter antenna reaching to 30 GHz,
insertable in a VLBI, would probably be the best choice. However,
we underlined that our community was much too small to maintain
and exploit such a facility and that the priority was to have it grow
in size and skills.
Report on future national facility
32

33. On a short range, we stated our top priorities as
1) to have access to data, particularly ALMA data, which we can analyse
2) to get support to attend schools and conferences
3) to be able to recruit a new staff member each year
We also propose to buy half a dozen SRTs, dispatch them in the country
and help with coaching their use (we had very positive preliminary
contacts) as a contribution to fostering interest in radio astronomy
nation-wide.
As our conclusions were not along what had been expected by our
directorate, we would like to have the views of our colleagues, hoping
that they will support our choice of priorities.
Report on future national facility
33

34. The intent of workshop is “seek to establish a road-map for the development of
astronomy and astrophysics in Vietnam. At this workshop, we will have in-depth
discussions of the scientific promises and the technical challenges of astronomy led
by international scientists. We will learn from the experiences of the working
astronomers in the country and around the world. It is our hope that the workshop
will pave a way to future collaborations between Vietnamese researchers and the
international community.”

35. In the process to discuss joining East Asia Observatory (EAO)
Vietnam sends a team of high school pupils to attend the 10th
IOAA in
Bhudaneswar, India for the first time (1 silver medal, 4 H.M).

36. - That the authorities in charge of higher education recognize
the importance of astrophysics in natural sciences. This has
been recognized by developed countries for several decades
but has not yet been in Vietnam.
Which support do we need from Viet Nam?
- This implies scientific advisory councils advising our authorities
and including a majority of foreign members. This was the first
recommendation that we made in our report on how to increase the
astrophysics community in size and in skills
- To be evaluated by scientists having competence in the field,
implying that our successes be recognized and that guidance be
given to help us to progress
- Positions should be created in universities. Our young postdocs are
perfectly able to teach astrophysics.

37. Which support do we need from Viet Nam?
We need basic material support inherent to scientific research:
- To attend conferences and summer (or winter…) schools
- An active representation from the Viet Nam Astronomy Society
promoting astronomy and astrophysics in the country and defending
the interests of our community
- To obtain support for spending short stays abroad on the
occasion of working with collaborators on a common research
topic
- To invite colleagues from abroad for short stays on the occasion
of colloquia and seminars which we should be encouraged to
organise and which give us opportunities to increase our
knowledge

38. Which support do we need from abroad?
Most important, by far, is to help our authorities to understand which
support we need from them.
Collaborations accepted with the understanding of the working
conditions that are ours. We cannot be expected to contribute in the
same way as a team from a developed country would.
We (DAP) had excellent experiences, with the Pierre Auger
collaboration, with Orsay and Jussieu, and now with Paris
Observatory. The worst that may happen to teams such as ours is to
be used as cheap labour.
We need collaborators who are motivated in part by the desire to
help developing countries to progress in science. We know that this
is asking a lot and not giving much in return.

39. Which support do we need from abroad?
- Arrangements allowing for short visits on both sides on the
occasion of lectures, seminars, colloquia, etc
- Joint supervision agreements for PhD thesis work
- Fellowships in support of stays abroad

40. Thank you for your attention