This document summarizes the growth and characterization of Fe(III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride monohydrate crystals. The crystals were grown using a slow evaporation technique and characterized using XRD, EPR, optical absorption, FT-IR, and TGA/DTA analyses. XRD analysis confirmed the crystal structure was maintained after doping. EPR and optical absorption spectra indicated Fe(III) ions were incorporated into the crystal lattice in octahedral symmetry sites. FT-IR analysis showed the characteristic vibrations of functional groups in the crystal. TGA/DTA showed the material was thermally stable up to 183°C.
Crystal Structure, Topological and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of a Zn(II) Zwi...Awad Albalwi
Abstract: A mononuclear Zn(II) complex of (Zn(H2L) (CH3OH) Cl2
) (1) has been synthesized by using
a nonlinear optically active Zwitterionic Schiff base which is 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)
amino) benzoic acid (H2L). Complex 1 has been structurally analyzed by FTIR and UV spectroscopy,
TGA, Powder-XRD and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-Ray crystallographic studies revealed Zn(II)
complex crystallizes in a P21/c space group and exists in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry
(τ = 0.68).
Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of some metals with ...Taghreed Al-Noor
This paper presents the synthesis and study of some new mixed-liagnd complexes containing nicotinamide(C6H7N2O) symbolized (NA) and phenylalanine (C9H11NO2)symbolized (pheH)] with some metal ions.
The resulting products were found to be solid crystalline complexes which have been characterized by :Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity.
determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), magnetic susceptipibility, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis].
The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2006) .
The general formula have been given for the prepared complexes :[M(NA)2(phe)]cl
M(II): Mn(II) ,Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) & Hg(II) .
NA = Nicotinamide= C6H7N2O
Phe - = phenylalanine ion = C9H10NO2
Synthesis, Characterization and antimicrobial activity of some novel sulfacet...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Crystal Structure, Topological and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of a Zn(II) Zwi...Awad Albalwi
Abstract: A mononuclear Zn(II) complex of (Zn(H2L) (CH3OH) Cl2
) (1) has been synthesized by using
a nonlinear optically active Zwitterionic Schiff base which is 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)
amino) benzoic acid (H2L). Complex 1 has been structurally analyzed by FTIR and UV spectroscopy,
TGA, Powder-XRD and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-Ray crystallographic studies revealed Zn(II)
complex crystallizes in a P21/c space group and exists in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry
(τ = 0.68).
Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of some metals with ...Taghreed Al-Noor
This paper presents the synthesis and study of some new mixed-liagnd complexes containing nicotinamide(C6H7N2O) symbolized (NA) and phenylalanine (C9H11NO2)symbolized (pheH)] with some metal ions.
The resulting products were found to be solid crystalline complexes which have been characterized by :Melting points, Solubility, Molar conductivity.
determination the percentage of the metal in the complexes by flame(AAS), magnetic susceptipibility, Spectroscopic Method [FT-IR and UV-Vis].
The proposed structure of the complexes using program , chem office 3D(2006) .
The general formula have been given for the prepared complexes :[M(NA)2(phe)]cl
M(II): Mn(II) ,Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) , Zn(II) , Cd(II) & Hg(II) .
NA = Nicotinamide= C6H7N2O
Phe - = phenylalanine ion = C9H10NO2
Synthesis, Characterization and antimicrobial activity of some novel sulfacet...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Synthesis and Thermal Study of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) Mixed Ligand Complex...IOSR Journals
The mixed ligand complexes of Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) with histidine (His.) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (Qui.) have been synthesized and characterized.The resulting complexes were characterized by vibrational and electronic spectral data, thermogravimetric studies , metal analysis and molar conductance measurements. The histidine acts as tridentate ligand, coordinating through the two nitrogen atoms of imidazole ring and the amino group and carboxylate oxygen whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline shows a bidentate nature and the coordination occurs through nitrogen of imine group and oxygen of phenol group. The experimental data suggest that a mononuclear octahedral structure with general formula [M (His.)(Qui.) H2O ] where M= Co (II), Ni (II) and [Cu (His.)(Qui.)H2O] .H2O, thermo gravimetric studies reveal the presence of coordinated water molecules in all complexes. The molar conductance measurements reveal non-electrolytic nature of complexes.
New Schiff base ligand (E)-6-(2-(4-
(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)-2-phenylacetamido)-3,3-
dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic
acid = (HL) Figure(1) was prepared via condensation of
Ampicillin and 4(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde in methanol
.Polydentate mixed ligand complexes were obtained from 1:1:2
molar ratio reactions with metal ions and HL, 2NA on reaction
with MCl2 .nH2O salt yields complexes corresponding to the
formulas [M(L)(NA)2Cl] ,where M =
Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),and Zn(II) and NA=nicotinamide.
The 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and elemental analysis
were used for the characterization of the ligand. The complexes
were structurally studied through AAS, FT-IR, UV-Vis,
chloride contents, conductance, and magnetic susceptibility
measurements. All complexes are non-electrolytes in DMSO
solution. Octahedral geometries have been suggested for each
of the complexes. The Schiff base ligands function as
tridentates and the deprotonated enolic form is preferred for
coordination. In order to evaluate the effect of the bactericidal
activity, these synthesized complexes, in comparison to the un
complexed Schiff base has been screened against bacterial
species, Staphy
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A detailed study of Transition Metal Complexes of a Schiff base with its Phys...Abhishek Ghara
The many activities of metal ions in biology have stimulated the development of metal based therapeutics. It has been found that biologically active compounds become more effective and bacteriostatic upon chelation with metal ions also the biological activity of many drugs has been shown to be enhanced on complexing with metal ions, hence promoting their use in Pharmacology. The present work deals with the synthesis of metal complexes derived from a novel Schiff base drug synthesized from urea and salicylaldehyde and its physico-chemical analysis to find out ligand- metal ratio of this complex in solution. For the structure elucidation of these complexes “Monovariation method (Mole ratio method/ Yoe-Jones Method)” has been used to ascertain the ligand-metal ratio in the complex. The stability constant of the formed complex was calculated by molar conductance measurement using Modified Job’s method (Method of Continuous Variations). The analysis has been carried out using conductometry. To confirm metal-ligand ratio, conductometric titrations were carried out at room temperature using analytical grade metal salts. Titrations were carried out with “systronics conductivity-meter” using dip type conductivity cell having cell constant 1 at room temperature.
Spinel type lithium cobalt oxide as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen...Science Padayatchi
Development of efficient, affordable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction and
the oxygen reduction reaction is critical for rechargeable metal-air batteries. Here we present
lithium cobalt oxide, synthesized at 400 C (designated as LT-LiCoO2) that adopts a lithiated
spinel structure, as an inexpensive, efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction.
The catalytic activity of LT-LiCoO2 is higher than that of both spinel cobalt oxide and layered
lithium cobalt oxide synthesized at 800 C (designated as HT-LiCoO2) for the oxygen evolution
reaction. Although LT-LiCoO2 exhibits poor activity for the oxygen reduction reaction,
the chemically delithiated LT-Li1xCoO2 samples exhibit a combination of high oxygen
reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction activities, making the spinel-type LTLi0,5CoO2
a potential bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable metal-air batteries. The
high activities of these delithiated compositions are attributed to the Co4O4 cubane subunits
and a pinning of the Co3þ/4þ:3d energy with the top of the O2:2p band.
Organometallic Reactions and CatalysisRajat Ghalta
Organometallic compounds undergo a rich variety of reactions (oxidative addition, reductive elimination, cyclometalization, migratory insertion, carbonylation, hydrometallation hydrate elimination, etc ) that can sometimes be combined into useful homogeneous catalytic cycles. In this presentation, I have discussed organometallic reactions of particular importance for synthetic and catalytic processes like the oxo process (hydroformylation), heck coupling reaction, Wilkinson’s Catalyst
(Hydrogenation) etc.
Studies On The Cobalt(II) And Copper(II) Complexes Of 2,5-Substituted 1,3,4-T...IOSR Journals
New metal complexes of Co(II),and Cu(II) have been synthesized by reacting metal solutions with the ligand 2,5-substituted 1,3,4-triazoles in alcoholic medium. Molecular formulae of the complexes were determined and are further characterized by IR spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance studies. The ligand acts as a bidentate ligand co-ordinating through the nitrogen atoms present in the ring.
Spectral studies of 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino] pyrimidi...IOSR Journals
Some transition metal ions Complexes with 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino]
pyrimidin-5-yl} methyl)-2,3,4-trimethoxybenzene were prepared and characterized by elemental analyses,
Infrared , magnetic moment, electronic spectra , mass spectra, X-ray powder diffraction, molar conductance
and thermal analysis (TGA). The complexes have general formulae [ML2.2H2O] {where M = Mn (II), Co (II), Ni
(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Pd (II) and Pt (II). The coordination behavior of the metal ions towards to the investigated
Schiff base takes place through –C=N,-NH2 and –OH groups. The obtained C, H and N elemental analysis data
showed the Metal: Ligand ratio is 1:2 [M: L] ratio. The molar conductance data reveal that all the metal
complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. From the magnetic moments the complexes are paramagnetic except
Zn metal ion complexes have octahedral geometry with coordination number eight. The thermal behavior of
these complexes shows that, the hydrated complexes have loses two water molecules and immediately followed
by decomposition of the anions and ligand molecules in the second and third stage. The Schiff bases and metal
complexes show good activity against some bacteria. The antimicrobial results indicate that, the metal
complexes have better antimicrobial activity as compared to the prepared Schiff base.
Application of Fe3O4 Sphere Doped with Zn for Enhanced Sonocatalytic Removal ...ijtsrd
Fe3O4 sphere doped Zn were successfully prepared by the simple one pot solvothermal method. Morphology and structure of the as synthesised products was checked through the XRD, SEM, HRTEM techniques. The Fe3¬O4 hollowsphere doped showed the high photocatalytic activity for degradation of hexavalent chromium under visible light irradiation. The effects of reaction conditions such as initial pH, photocatalyst dosage and hexavalent chromium contratentation were also studied systematically. The stability of the catalsyts and and possible catalytic mechanism was also proposed. The results indicate that Fe3O4 sphere doped Zn can be promising catalyst for photo reduction of hexavalent chromium. Xuan Sang Nguyen "Application of Fe3O4 Sphere Doped with Zn for Enhanced Sonocatalytic Removal of Cr (VI) From Aqueous Solutions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47862.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/47862/application-of-fe3o4-sphere-doped-with-zn-for-enhanced-sonocatalytic-removal-of-cr-vi-from-aqueous-solutions/xuan-sang-nguyen
Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexene, Toluene and Ethyl Benzene Catalyzed by Bi...Iranian Chemical Society
Bis-(L-tyrosinato)copper(II) was reacted with 3-(chloropropyl)-trimethoxysilane functionalized silica that has infused magnetite to yield a magnetically separable catalyst in which the copper carboxylate is covalently linked to the silica matrix through the silane linkage. The immobilized catalyst has been characterized by spectroscopic studies (such as FT-IR, EPR, Magnetic Measurement, SEM) and chemical analyses. The immobilized catalytic system functions as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of cyclohexene, toluene and ethyl benzene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (as an oxidant) and sodium bicarbonate (a co-catalyst). The reaction conditions have been optimized for solvent, temperature and amount of oxidant and catalyst. Comparison of the encapsulated catalyst with the corresponding homogeneous catalyst showed that the heterogeneous catalyst had higher activity and selectivity than the homogeneous catalyst. The immobilized catalyst could be readily recovered from the reaction mixture by using a simple magnet, and reused up to five times without any loss of activity.
Synthesis and Thermal Study of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) Mixed Ligand Complex...IOSR Journals
The mixed ligand complexes of Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) with histidine (His.) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (Qui.) have been synthesized and characterized.The resulting complexes were characterized by vibrational and electronic spectral data, thermogravimetric studies , metal analysis and molar conductance measurements. The histidine acts as tridentate ligand, coordinating through the two nitrogen atoms of imidazole ring and the amino group and carboxylate oxygen whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline shows a bidentate nature and the coordination occurs through nitrogen of imine group and oxygen of phenol group. The experimental data suggest that a mononuclear octahedral structure with general formula [M (His.)(Qui.) H2O ] where M= Co (II), Ni (II) and [Cu (His.)(Qui.)H2O] .H2O, thermo gravimetric studies reveal the presence of coordinated water molecules in all complexes. The molar conductance measurements reveal non-electrolytic nature of complexes.
New Schiff base ligand (E)-6-(2-(4-
(dimethylamino)benzylideneamino)-2-phenylacetamido)-3,3-
dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic
acid = (HL) Figure(1) was prepared via condensation of
Ampicillin and 4(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde in methanol
.Polydentate mixed ligand complexes were obtained from 1:1:2
molar ratio reactions with metal ions and HL, 2NA on reaction
with MCl2 .nH2O salt yields complexes corresponding to the
formulas [M(L)(NA)2Cl] ,where M =
Fe(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II),and Zn(II) and NA=nicotinamide.
The 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and elemental analysis
were used for the characterization of the ligand. The complexes
were structurally studied through AAS, FT-IR, UV-Vis,
chloride contents, conductance, and magnetic susceptibility
measurements. All complexes are non-electrolytes in DMSO
solution. Octahedral geometries have been suggested for each
of the complexes. The Schiff base ligands function as
tridentates and the deprotonated enolic form is preferred for
coordination. In order to evaluate the effect of the bactericidal
activity, these synthesized complexes, in comparison to the un
complexed Schiff base has been screened against bacterial
species, Staphy
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
A detailed study of Transition Metal Complexes of a Schiff base with its Phys...Abhishek Ghara
The many activities of metal ions in biology have stimulated the development of metal based therapeutics. It has been found that biologically active compounds become more effective and bacteriostatic upon chelation with metal ions also the biological activity of many drugs has been shown to be enhanced on complexing with metal ions, hence promoting their use in Pharmacology. The present work deals with the synthesis of metal complexes derived from a novel Schiff base drug synthesized from urea and salicylaldehyde and its physico-chemical analysis to find out ligand- metal ratio of this complex in solution. For the structure elucidation of these complexes “Monovariation method (Mole ratio method/ Yoe-Jones Method)” has been used to ascertain the ligand-metal ratio in the complex. The stability constant of the formed complex was calculated by molar conductance measurement using Modified Job’s method (Method of Continuous Variations). The analysis has been carried out using conductometry. To confirm metal-ligand ratio, conductometric titrations were carried out at room temperature using analytical grade metal salts. Titrations were carried out with “systronics conductivity-meter” using dip type conductivity cell having cell constant 1 at room temperature.
Spinel type lithium cobalt oxide as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for oxygen...Science Padayatchi
Development of efficient, affordable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction and
the oxygen reduction reaction is critical for rechargeable metal-air batteries. Here we present
lithium cobalt oxide, synthesized at 400 C (designated as LT-LiCoO2) that adopts a lithiated
spinel structure, as an inexpensive, efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction.
The catalytic activity of LT-LiCoO2 is higher than that of both spinel cobalt oxide and layered
lithium cobalt oxide synthesized at 800 C (designated as HT-LiCoO2) for the oxygen evolution
reaction. Although LT-LiCoO2 exhibits poor activity for the oxygen reduction reaction,
the chemically delithiated LT-Li1xCoO2 samples exhibit a combination of high oxygen
reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction activities, making the spinel-type LTLi0,5CoO2
a potential bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable metal-air batteries. The
high activities of these delithiated compositions are attributed to the Co4O4 cubane subunits
and a pinning of the Co3þ/4þ:3d energy with the top of the O2:2p band.
Organometallic Reactions and CatalysisRajat Ghalta
Organometallic compounds undergo a rich variety of reactions (oxidative addition, reductive elimination, cyclometalization, migratory insertion, carbonylation, hydrometallation hydrate elimination, etc ) that can sometimes be combined into useful homogeneous catalytic cycles. In this presentation, I have discussed organometallic reactions of particular importance for synthetic and catalytic processes like the oxo process (hydroformylation), heck coupling reaction, Wilkinson’s Catalyst
(Hydrogenation) etc.
Studies On The Cobalt(II) And Copper(II) Complexes Of 2,5-Substituted 1,3,4-T...IOSR Journals
New metal complexes of Co(II),and Cu(II) have been synthesized by reacting metal solutions with the ligand 2,5-substituted 1,3,4-triazoles in alcoholic medium. Molecular formulae of the complexes were determined and are further characterized by IR spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance studies. The ligand acts as a bidentate ligand co-ordinating through the nitrogen atoms present in the ring.
Spectral studies of 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino] pyrimidi...IOSR Journals
Some transition metal ions Complexes with 5-({4-amino-2-[(Z)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino]
pyrimidin-5-yl} methyl)-2,3,4-trimethoxybenzene were prepared and characterized by elemental analyses,
Infrared , magnetic moment, electronic spectra , mass spectra, X-ray powder diffraction, molar conductance
and thermal analysis (TGA). The complexes have general formulae [ML2.2H2O] {where M = Mn (II), Co (II), Ni
(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Pd (II) and Pt (II). The coordination behavior of the metal ions towards to the investigated
Schiff base takes place through –C=N,-NH2 and –OH groups. The obtained C, H and N elemental analysis data
showed the Metal: Ligand ratio is 1:2 [M: L] ratio. The molar conductance data reveal that all the metal
complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. From the magnetic moments the complexes are paramagnetic except
Zn metal ion complexes have octahedral geometry with coordination number eight. The thermal behavior of
these complexes shows that, the hydrated complexes have loses two water molecules and immediately followed
by decomposition of the anions and ligand molecules in the second and third stage. The Schiff bases and metal
complexes show good activity against some bacteria. The antimicrobial results indicate that, the metal
complexes have better antimicrobial activity as compared to the prepared Schiff base.
Application of Fe3O4 Sphere Doped with Zn for Enhanced Sonocatalytic Removal ...ijtsrd
Fe3O4 sphere doped Zn were successfully prepared by the simple one pot solvothermal method. Morphology and structure of the as synthesised products was checked through the XRD, SEM, HRTEM techniques. The Fe3¬O4 hollowsphere doped showed the high photocatalytic activity for degradation of hexavalent chromium under visible light irradiation. The effects of reaction conditions such as initial pH, photocatalyst dosage and hexavalent chromium contratentation were also studied systematically. The stability of the catalsyts and and possible catalytic mechanism was also proposed. The results indicate that Fe3O4 sphere doped Zn can be promising catalyst for photo reduction of hexavalent chromium. Xuan Sang Nguyen "Application of Fe3O4 Sphere Doped with Zn for Enhanced Sonocatalytic Removal of Cr (VI) From Aqueous Solutions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47862.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/47862/application-of-fe3o4-sphere-doped-with-zn-for-enhanced-sonocatalytic-removal-of-cr-vi-from-aqueous-solutions/xuan-sang-nguyen
Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexene, Toluene and Ethyl Benzene Catalyzed by Bi...Iranian Chemical Society
Bis-(L-tyrosinato)copper(II) was reacted with 3-(chloropropyl)-trimethoxysilane functionalized silica that has infused magnetite to yield a magnetically separable catalyst in which the copper carboxylate is covalently linked to the silica matrix through the silane linkage. The immobilized catalyst has been characterized by spectroscopic studies (such as FT-IR, EPR, Magnetic Measurement, SEM) and chemical analyses. The immobilized catalytic system functions as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for oxidation of cyclohexene, toluene and ethyl benzene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (as an oxidant) and sodium bicarbonate (a co-catalyst). The reaction conditions have been optimized for solvent, temperature and amount of oxidant and catalyst. Comparison of the encapsulated catalyst with the corresponding homogeneous catalyst showed that the heterogeneous catalyst had higher activity and selectivity than the homogeneous catalyst. The immobilized catalyst could be readily recovered from the reaction mixture by using a simple magnet, and reused up to five times without any loss of activity.
A Simple Thermal Treatment Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-Zn Ferrite (N...IOSR Journals
Cubic structured nickel-zinc ferrite nanoparticles (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) have been synthesized by thermal treatment method. This simple procedure employed an aqueous solution containing only metal nitrates as precursors, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a capping agent, and deionized water as a solvent. The solution was thoroughly stirred for 2 hour, dried at 353 K for 3 hour, the dried material crushed into powder and calcined the powder at 873 K to remove organic substances and crystallize the particles. The microstructure properties of the prepared ferrite nanoparticles were measured using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and EDX and the magnetic properties were determined using VSM and EPR. The average particle size increased from 7 to 22 nm with the increase of calcination temperature from 723 to 873 K. The saturation magnetization, coercivity field, and g-factor increased respectively from 24 emu/g, 11 G, and 2.0673at 723 K to 38 emu/g, 60 G, and 2.1227 at 873 K. This method offers simplicity, a low cost, and an environmentally friendly operation since it produces no by-product effluents.
Photo-induced reduction of CO2 using a magnetically separable Ru-CoPc@TiO2@Si...Pawan Kumar
An efficient photo-induced reduction of CO2 using magnetically separable Ru-CoPc@TiO2@SiO2@Fe3O4
as a heterogeneous catalyst in which CoPc and Ru(bpy)2phene complexes were attached to a solid
support via covalent attachment under visible light is described. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized
by a series of techniques including FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, SEM, TEM, etc. and subsequently tested for
the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide using triethylamine as a sacrificial donor and water as a
reaction medium. The developed photocatalyst exhibited a significantly higher catalytic activity to give a
methanol yield of 2570.78 μmol per g cat after 48 h.
Deposition and Characterization of Sisal Fiber Composite Prepare By Iron Oxid...IJERA Editor
Iron oxide synthesized through sintering route. The present research work deals with ferrite composite prepared using chemical reactions. Ferric nitrates and ammonium chloride doped with sisal fiber has been prepared. The comparative studies of ferric oxide were examined through few characterizations. The structural behavior of iron oxide was studied in XRD, FT/IR, TEM and SEM. This behavior showed ferrite nature of the sample.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Photo-induced reduction of CO2 using a magnetically separable Ru-CoPc@TiO2@Si...Pawan Kumar
An efficient photo-induced reduction of CO2 using magnetically separable Ru-CoPc@TiO2@SiO2@Fe3O4
as a heterogeneous catalyst in which CoPc and Ru(bpy)2phene complexes were attached to a solid
support via covalent attachment under visible light is described. The as-synthesized catalyst was characterized
by a series of techniques including FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, SEM, TEM, etc. and subsequently tested for
the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide using triethylamine as a sacrificial donor and water as a
reaction medium. The developed photocatalyst exhibited a significantly higher catalytic activity to give a
methanol yield of 2570.78 μmol per g cat after 48 h.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The synthesis and characterization of three new metal chalcogenide aerogels, Chalcogels,
AFe3Zn3S17 (A= Na, K, or Rb) is described. Alkali metal polychalcogenides (Na2S5, K2S5, or Rb2S5)
reactwith metal acetate like Fe(OAc)2 and Zn(OAc)2in formamide solutionforming extended polymeric
frameworks by gelation. Chalcogels obtained aftersupercritical drying have BET surface areas of
430, 444, and 435 m
2
/g for NaFe3Zn3S17, KFe3Zn3S17, and RbFe3Zn3S17, respectively. The effect of the
counter ions (K, Na, and Rb) wasstudied by examined the adsorption capacities of the resulting
chalcogels toward different gases and volatile organic compounds. The measurements showed that
CO2 and toluene adsorption capacities increase with the polarizability of the surface atoms in the
following order: Rb chalcogel> K chalcogel> Na chalcogel.This finding reveals a trend based on
cation size and acid–base surface properties that might have a significant impact on altering
adsorptive properties of chalcogels by using more polarizable counter ions.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
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1. IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) www.iosrjen.org
ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719
Vol. 04, Issue 08 (August. 2014), ||V2|| PP 43-50
International organization of Scientific Research 43 | P a g e
Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride Monohydrate Crystals V.Parvathi, J. Sai Chandra and Y.Sunandamma Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar- 522510,A.P, INDIA Abstract: Fe(III) ion doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride monohydrate crystals (Fe(III)-NiLHICL) are grown at room temperature using slow evaporation technique. The Fe(III) doped NiLHICL crystals are characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as X-Ray diffraction studies, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance(EPR), Optical Absorption and FTIR studies. Thermal stabilities were studied by TGA/DTA analysis. The powder diffraction patterns of prepared crystals have been recorded and lattice cell parameters are evaluated as a = 1.5286, b = 0.8933, c = 0.6852 nm. From EPR studies, g and hyperfine splitting parameters for Fe(III) ion in the host crystals are determined as g = 2.0301 indicating octahedral symmetry. Crystal field and inter-electronic parameters are evaluated from the optical absorption studies in addition to obtaining the confirmation for octahedral symmetry for the ions in the host lattice. The FT-IR spectrum exhibited characteristic vibrations of the groups present in the crystal indicating bond formation between the metal ion and the amino acid. Keywords: Crystal field, FT-IR,Optical absorption spectrum, TGA,DTA, XRD.
I. INTRODUCTION
Doping is a well chosen and widely accepted technique for incorporating the required stability, electrical and optical properties in a bulk material. The technique has been explored extensively to modify the properties like photoluminescence, conductivity and crystal growth. Metal ion dopants, especially transition metal ion dopants modify the properties of a crystal for technological applications [1-4]. Amino acid crystals grown from aqueous solutions containing transition metal ions constitutes a solid state study to understand the role of transition metal ions in proteins. Many proteins contain metal ions and these metal ions perform a variety of specific functions associated with life processes. Transition metals such as Fe, Cu and Mn are involved in many redox processes which require electron transfer and play an important role in the bio-functionality of proteins [5]. Amino acid L-Histidine is a component of proteins and is an enzyme active site. Structurally it possesses four potential coordination sites; the carboxyl group, the amino group and the pyridinic and pyrollic nitrogens from the imadazole residue [6]. The imadazole pyridine nitrogen is the strongest electron pair donor to the metal ions. Biologically L-Histidine is involved in a large number of biochemical processes and is now used in the treatment of anemia, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory reactions [7]. Potentiality of L-Histidine complexes was once again realised with the discovery of a ternary system of Cu(II) mixed ligand amino acid complex, L-Glutamine–Copper(II)–L-Histidine [8] for the treatment of Menkes disease, a lethal genetic disorder which can be treated by proper transportation of Cu(II) and for which a physiological path was discovered. Winkler et al. presented a study of low-concentration Fe (III) doping in a crystalline amino acid, L- Alanine by means of EPR and Raman scattering[9]. The paper did put forward an interesting observations on Fe(III) doping as though Fe is one of the most important transition metal ions in living organisms, Fe-doped amino acid crystals have not been studied and thus crystal structure revealing the position of the Fe impurities and their interactions with the molecular field of the crystal are not clear . The reasons, according to them are: Firstly, the crystal growth process is difficult to control for Fe dopants compared to other metal ions, Fe impurities are accepted in rather low concentrations and small concentrations of Fe and uneven small crystals create problems in the determination of impurity positions. Secondly, in the case of amino acids like L-Alanine, the large spin-lattice relaxations were observed in Fe-doped crystals which did not enable the EPR spectra of Fe (III) above 30 K, an additional experimental difficulty. Thirdly, the super hyperfine interactions between the electronic spin of a given Fe impurity and the nuclear spins of its neighbours cannot be resolved. They concluded that Fe (III) occupied two in-equivalent sites of rhombic symmetry in the L-Alanine crystal. Continuing on these lines, we have grown and characterized Fe (III) doped Ni (II) L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate crystals.
2. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 44 | P a g e
II. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS The crystals of Nickel L-Histidine Hydrochloride monohydrate here after called NiLHICL are grown by slow evaporation at room temperature from the aqueous, equimolar and equivolume solutions containing Nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2.6H2O) and L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (C6H10N3O2Cl.H2O). By adding 0.01 mol % of ferric chloride to the growth solution yields Fe (III)-NiLHICL crystals about fifteen days by slow evaporation. Powder XRD spectrum of the prepared crystals were recorded on PHILIPS Make PW1830 X-RAY Diffract meter, Polycrystalline EPR spectrum is recorded at room temperature (RT) on JEOL- JES-FA 200 EPR spectrometer, Crystals of 2 mm thickness were selected for optical absorption spectra recorded on JASCO V670 spectrophotometer. FT-IR spectra were recorded using KBr pellets on Thermo Nicolet 6700 FT- IR spectrophotometer in the region 400- 4000 cm-1. The samples were tested using Q-switched Nd:Yag laser (1064nm, Quanta ray series) supplied by Spectra Physics, USA and Coherent Molectron powermeter, USA. Thermal studies were carried out using SII nano technology model TGA/DTA 6200 make Japan.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Powder XRD studies Powder X-ray diffraction for powder samples of Fe (III)-NiLHICL crystals revealed sharp, clean patterns indicative of highly crystalline phases. The powder XRD pattern of the prepared sample is shown in Fig.1. Lattice cell parameters are evaluated using Nakamoto Programme for Fe (III)-NiLHICL crystals as a = 1.5286 nm, b = 0.8933 nm, c = 0.6852 nm. These values agree well with the reported values of pure LHICL crystal cell parameters in which a = 1.5317 nm, b = 0.8929 nm, c = 0.6851 nm [10]. The slight changes that have occurred in the lattice parameters may be due to complexation or presence of doped metal ions in crystal lattice structure[11]. It is also an indication that presence of metal ions could not influence the cell parameters and the lattice structure to a greater extent.[12]. d-Spacings and hkl values of Fe (III) doped NiLHICl crystal are given in Table1.The powder X-ray diffraction data for pure LHICL and Fe (III) doped NiLHICL crystals are given in the Table .2 3.2 EPR Studies The EPR spectrum of a poly crystalline sample revealed two intense resonance signals at g = 4.143 and g = 2.030 which are characteristic of Fe+3 ion. The spectrum is given in Fig 2. The value nearly at g ≈ 4.2 ±0.1 is in general due to isolated Fe+3 ions located in sites of distorted octahedral symmetry, either rhombic or tetragonal from strong crystal field effects and g ≈ 2 was attributed to Fe+3 ion interactions by dipole- dipole interaction in a site of less distorted octahedral field [ 13-15].The g values, g = 4.143 and g = 2.030 in low magnetic and high magnetic fields obtained for Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL crystal can also be interpreted on the same lines. Fe (III) ions belong to d5 electronic configuration with 6S5/2 ground state in the free ion and the spins are almost free to orient themselves in external magnetic field with no spin-orbit interaction [16]. When Fe+3 ions are introduced in a crystal field environment, 6S ground state splits into three Kramer doublets. | ±1/2 > | ±3/2 > | ±5/2 and resonance signal at g = 4.1 results from the middle Kramers doublet (±3/2) [32]. Therefore, we can conclude that g values obtained correspond to distribution of iron ions in the host lattice in distorted octahedral symmetry. Nickel (II) is a d8 ion and a non-Kramer ion. For a non-Kramer ion EPR activity is observable generally at low temperatures and the room temperature recordings did not show any EPR signals. [17-25] 3.3 Optical absorption studies For a d5 configuration and with 6s as ground state, there are no spin-allowed transitions. The optical absorption spectrum of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL is shown in Fig. 3 and is characteristic of Fe+3 in octahedral symmetry. The spectrum exhibits two weak bands at 580 nm and725 nm which are characteristic of Fe3+ ions, assigned to the transitions corresponding to 6 A1g(S) → 4T1g(G) and 6 A1(g) (S) → 4 T2g(D) The observed band positions are compared with those found in many Fe+3 doped systems, concluding that iron ions are present in a trivalent state with octahedral symmetry [26]. Crystal field and inter electronic repulsion parameters are evaluated as Dq=700cm-1, B=610cm-1 and C=2360cm-1. The value of inter electronic repulsion parameter B=610 cm-1 is far away from the free ion value (1300 cm-1) indicating a moderate covalent bonding [27]. The optical absorption spectrum also exhibited three characteristic bands for Ni (II) ion in the host lattice. Among the transition metal ions, Ni+2 ion exhibits strong absorption bands in the region from 200-1500 nm [28]. The three intense bands observed at 1110 cm-1, 675 cm-1 and 422 cm-1 are characteristic of Ni(II) and are assigned to three spin allowed transitions corresponding to 3 A2g (F) → 3 T2g (F), 3 A2g (F) → 3 T1g (F) and 3 A2g (F) → 3 T1(g) P
3. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 45 | P a g e
Based on these assignments energy matrices for d8 are solved. The values for crystal field and inter electronic repulsion parameters are evaluated as Dq= 910 cm-1, B=775 cm-1 and C= 2650 cm-1.The observed and calculated band head positions of Fe (III) doped Ni HICL crystals are listed in Table. 3 3.4 FT-IR Studies FT-IR spectra are effectively used to identify the functional groups in the grown crystal. FT-IR spectrum of the Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL crystals is shown in Fig. 4. All the stretching and bending modes of FT-IR values of the Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL crystals are presented in Table. 4 The assignments for peaks/bands are given in accordance with the data in the literature [29-31] The NH3+ stretching and characteristic of hydrogen bonding region shows broad bands in the range 3500-2500 cm-1. The N-H stretching vibration of the amino group in L-Histidine gives rise to an amide band between 3300 cm-1 and 3250 cm-1 . The amide band is usually part of a Fermi resonance doublet with the second component absorbing weakly between 3100 and 3050 cm-1 [32]. The CH2 group of Histidine produces peaks at 2590 and 3000 cm-1 due to its symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes. The peak at 1568 cm-1 is attributed to the skeletal vibrations of Histidine ring. The obtained values are compared with the values of pure L- Histidine [33] and doping of L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate crystal [34]. 3.5 Non linear optical (NLO) Studies The nonlinear optical conversion efficiency test was carried out for the grown crystals using the Kurtz- Perry powder technique [35]. KDP was used as reference material for the present measurement. The emission of green light confirmed generation of second harmonic radiation. SHG efficiency of Fe (III) doped Ni HICL is 0.9 times that of KDP. N.L.O parameters are shown in Table.5 3.6 TGA/DTA Studies Thermogravimetric data provides information about decomposition pattern of materials in terms of weight loss and are limited to decomposition and oxidation reactions. Thermal studies were carried out in the temperature range 0-700 oC and thermogram recorded is shown in shown in Fig.5. A weight loss of 13.9% was recorded in the temperature range 0 oC-183.1oC indicated that the sample is thermodynamically stable up to a temperature of 183.1oC. The peak at 183.1 oC was due to release of water molecules from crystal structure. The percentage weight loss decreased gradually up to 600oC DTA curve of the sample revealed no endothermic peak below 183.1oC suggesting its structural stability up to this temperature. This ensures the suitability of the material for possible applications in lasers where the crystal is required to withstand this temperature range. It is followed by two more peaks at 266.7 0 C and 569.50 C which are due to volatisation of the compound confirming a reasonable range of temperature for application of these materials .
IV. FIGURES AND TABLES
Fig.1 XRD spectrum of Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL.
4. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 46 | P a g e
Fig.2 EPR spectrum of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL
Fig.3 Optical absorption spectrum of Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL
5. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 47 | P a g e
Fig.4 FT-IR spectrum of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL
Fig .5 TGA/DTA Spectrum of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL Temp Cel600.0500.0400.0300.0200.0100.0 DTA uV 60.0050.0040.0030.0020.0010.000.00 TG % 100.090.080.070.060.050.040.030.020.010.00.0183.1Cel8.10uV266.7Cel11.19uV569.5Cel33.28uV86.1%
6. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
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Table. 1 d-Spacings and hkl values of Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL crystal.
d - Spacing
Indices
2θ
Observed
Calculated
h
K
l
Observed
Calculated
6.18
6.25
1
1
0
14.36
14.36
5.76
5.79
2
1
0
15.36
15.27
5.06
5.10
2
0
1
17.49
17.36
4.41
4.41
3
1
0
20.11
20.08
3.79
3.81
4
0
0
23.42
23.29
3.69
3.71
3
1
1
24.07
23.97
3.60
3.62
1
2
1
24.69
24.51
3.48
3.50
4
1
0
25.57
26.37
3.32
3.33
4
0
1
26.78
26.71
3.11
3.12
2
0
2
28.63
28.50
2.99
3.01
3
2
1
29.76
29.64
2.88
2.88
5
1
0
30.96
30.94
2.70
2.70
3
1
2
33.09
33.03
2.55
2.55
4
0
2
35.14
35.14
2.51
2.51
5
2
0
35.63
35.62
2.39
2.39
3
2
2
37.55
37.48
2.33
2.34
4
3
0
38.45
38.38
2.30
2.28
5
0
2
39.40
39.48
2.25
2.24
0
3
2
40.02
40.13
2.21
2.21
4
2
2
40.70
40.72
2.07
2.07
7
0
1
43.55
43.51
2.03
2.03
5
3
1
44.41
44.53
1.98
1.99
6
1
2
45.61
45.52
1.95
1.95
3
4
1
46.38
46.39
1.88
1.88
7
2
1
48.28
48.29
1.85
1.85
6
2
2
48.98
49.00
1.79
1.79
1
3
3
50.74
50.69
1.75
1.75
3
4
2
52.02
52.11
1.66
1.66
8
0
2
54.97
55.03
1.56
1.56
8
2
2
59.02
59.11
1.06
1.50
6
4
2
61.55
61.54
Table. 2 XRD data of pure LHICl and Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL crystals.
Sample
Cell Parameters(nm)
Crystal System
Space Group
Volume/A3
Pure LHICL
a =1.5317 b = 0.8929 c = 0.6852
Orthorhombic
P21,21,21
933.71
Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL
a =1.5286 b = 0.8923 c = 0.6852
Orthorhombic
P21,21,21
935.83
7. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 49 | P a g e
Table. 3 Optical values of Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL crystal. Observed and calculated energies of various bands in the optical absorption spectrum of Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL.
Transitions From 6A1g(S)
Wavelength (nm)
Observed Wavenumber (cm-1)
Calculated Wavenumber (cm-1)
For Fe(III) 6A1g(S) → 4T1g(G) 6A1g(S) → 4T2g(G)
580 725
17236 13789
17262 13729
Dq=700 cm-1 B=610 cm-1 C=2360 cm-1 [α]=90cm-1
For Ni(II) 3A2g(F)→1T1g (F) 3A2g(F)→3T1g (P) 3A2g(F)→3T2g (F)
422 675 1100
23690 14765 9088
23700 14690 9100
Dq=910 cm-1 B=775 cm-1 C=2650 cm-1
Table. 4 Observed Vibrational modes of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL.
Wavenumber (cm-1)
Assignments
3403
O-H stretching of water
2997
N-H Symmetrical stretching
2616
C-H Symmetrical stretching
1635
C=O stretching
1616
Asymmetric bend of NH3+ and C=N stretching
1568
Asymmetric mode of –COO- and C=C stretching
1470
Symmetric bend of NH3
1406
Symmetric mode of –COO- and C-N stretching
1070
C-O stretching of carboxylic group
863
C-H out of plane bending
Table .5 NLO test parameters of Fe(III) doped Ni LHICL.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Fe (III) doped Ni LHICL Crystals were grown at room temperature and were characterized by using Powder XRD, EPR, Optical absorption, FT-IR and TGA/DTA studies. The slight deviation of evaluated cell parameters from pure L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate crystals may be due to complexation and the incorporation of transition metal ions in to the host lattice. Evaluation of crystal field and Racah parameters from the optical absorption spectra confirms the coordination of Fe (III) ions in an octahedral site symmetry in the Ni LHICL host lattice. EPR spectral studies, through spin-Hamiltonian and hyperfine splitting parameters suggested distorted octahedral sites for Fe (III) ions in the host lattice. Correlated EPR and optical parameters suggested a partial covalence between Fe (III) ions and the host lattice. Fe(III)-Ni LHICL crystals showed different characteristic vibrational bands related to stretching modes of NH3+, COO- groups, and in plane C-H deformation of imidazole ring confirming the presence of an amino acid. NLO studies indicated that Fe (III) Input Wavelength=1064nm Input power =0.68 J KDP = 8.8mJ
Fe(III)doped NiHICL= 6.8mJ
8. Growth, Characterization and NLO activity of Fe (III) doped Ni L-Histidine Hydrochloride
International organization of Scientific Research 50 | P a g e
doped Ni LHICL have second harmonic generation efficiency which was 0.9 times to that of KDP crystals and thermal studies indicated the suitability of the crystals for applications at high temperatures.
VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author YS is thankful to the University Grants Commission, Government of India, New Delhi for sanctioning the Major Research Project (F.37-7/2/2009 (SR)) to carry out the present research.
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