The document provides an overview of shaping and slotting machines, explaining their functions, main components, and mechanisms of operation. Shaping machines use a reciprocating single point tool to machine flat surfaces, while slotting machines perform similar tasks with a vertically moving ram for cutting grooves and slots. Various types of slotting machines are described, including their capabilities, applications, and specifications.

1. Shaping / Slotting Machines

2. Introduction
Shaping is a process of machining a flat surface which
may be horizontal, vertical, inclined, concave or convex
using a reciprocating single point tool.
A shaping machine is a reciprocating type of machine
tool.

3. Process of Machining
The work is held firmly on the table and the ram is allowed to
reciprocate over it. A single point cutting tool is attached to the ram.
When the ram moves horizontally in the forward direction, the tool
removes metal from the work. On the return stroke, metal is not
removed.
The ram moves at a slow speed during forward stroke. But during the
forward and return stroke remain the same, the time taken by the
return stroke is less as it is faster. It is possible by ‘Quick return
mechanism’.

5. Main parts of Shaping Machine
Base
Column
Cross rail
Saddle
Table
Ram
Tool head

6. Base
The base is bottom most part and is made of cast iron.
It provides the necessary support for all the other parts of
the machine.
It should rigid and massive.
It is rigidly bolted to the floor of the workshop.

7. Column
It is a box like casting mounted vertically on top of the base.
Two accurate guideways are machined on the top of the column,
The ram reciprocates on these guideways.
The front face of the column is provided with two vertical
guideways. They act as guideways for the cross rail. Cross rail
moves vertically along these guideways.
The column encloses the ram reciprocating mechanism and the
mechanism for stroke length adjustment.

8. Cross rail
It is mounted on the front vertical guideways of the
column. The table may be raised or lowered by
adjusting the cross rail vertically. A horizontal cross
feed screw is fitted within the cross rail.

9. Saddle
The saddle is mounted on the cross rail. It holds the
table rigidity on its top. The saddle can be moved in
crosswise direction, by holding the cross feed screw by
hand or power.

10. Table
It is an important part useful in holding the work firmly on
it.
The top and sides of the table are accurately machined and
have T-slots.
Work pieces are held on the table with the help of shaper
vise, clamps and straps.

11. Ram
Ram reciprocates on the accurately machined
guideways on the top of the column.
It is connected to the reciprocating mechanism placed
inside the column.
The position of ram reciprocation may be adjusted
according to the location of the work on the table.

12. Tool Head
The tool head is fitted on the face of the ram and hold
the tool rigidly.
It provides vertical and angular feed movement of the
tool.
The swivel tool head can be positioned at any required
angle and the vertical slide can be moved vertically or
at any desired angle to machine vertical or inclined
surfaces.

13. Classification of Shapers

14. Quick return mechanism
The ram moves at a comparatively slower speed during
the forward cutting stroke. During the return stroke, the
mechanism is so designed to make the tool move at a
faster rate to reduce the idle return time. This
mechanism is known as quick return mechanism.

15. Crank and Slotted link mechanism
Hydraulic mechanism
Whitworth mechanism

16. Shaper operations

19. Slotting Machine

20. Slotting machine is also called as slotter is a reciprocating type
of machine similar to vertical shaper
The work piece is held stationary and the ram moves vertically
downward for cutting action
Slotting machine is a heavy duty machine mainly designed to
produce slots, complicated shapes, finishing if internal and
external plain surfaces

22. The slotting machine is used for cutting grooves, keys, and slots
of various shapes making regular and irregular surfaces both
internal and external cutting internal and external gears and
profiles
The slotter machine can be used on any type of work where
vertical tool movement is considered essential and advantageous.

23. Classification of slotting machine
Different types of slotting machines are
Puncher Slotting machine
Tool room Slotting machine
Production Slotting machine
Key seater Slotting machine

24. Puncher Slotting Machine
It is really rigid and heavy machine that has been designed for
removing a large percentage of metal from castings and
forgings.
The stroke length of the puncher slotter is sufficiently large.
Stroke length = 1800 – 2000 mm
Material removal rate per minute= 1.5 – 2 Kg

25. Tool Room Slotting Machine
It is a lighter machine and is operated at high speed.
It is made for very precise machining.
This machine takes light cuts and gives accurate finishing. You
can work at very high speeds.

26. Production Slotting Machine
Its mainly used for general production work.
Production Slotter is a heavy-duty slotter consisting of a heavy
cast base and heavy frame and is generally made in two parts.

27. Key seater Slotting Machine
The key seater slotter additionally recognized as key seating
machines is a special type of slotter designed to cut keyways.

28. Specification of Slotting Machine
Stroke length
Distance between table and tool head
Table size
Bed Dimension
Motor Horse power
Cutting Speed of RAM per minute
Overall Dimensions of machine

29. Main parts of Slotting Machine
Base
Column
Cross rail
Saddle
Table
Ram
Tool head

30. Thank You….