This document discusses the classification and features of functional styles in English. It identifies five main styles: belles-letters, publicist, newspaper, scientific, and official. Each style has distinct substyles and serves different functions. Belles-letters focuses on aesthetics and cognition, while publicist aims to influence public opinion. Newspaper summarizes information concisely. Scientific language strives for precision and objectivity, and official language uses standardized expressions. The document also notes characteristics of vocabulary, syntax, and tone within each functional style.

1. Functional Styles of theFunctional Styles of the
English languageEnglish language
OrazbayevaOrazbayeva
G.D.G.D.

2. • 1.Classification of1.Classification of Functional StylesFunctional Styles
• 2.Substyles2.Substyles ofof Functional StylesFunctional Styles
• 3.Functions and features3.Functions and features ofof
Functional StylesFunctional Styles

3. StylesStyles
• 1. Belles-letters style1. Belles-letters style
• 2. Publicist style2. Publicist style
• 3. Newspaper style3. Newspaper style
• 4. Scientific style4. Scientific style
• 5. Official style5. Official style

4. SubstylesSubstyles
• 1. Belles-letters style1. Belles-letters style
– 1. The language of poetry1. The language of poetry
– 2. Emotive Prose2. Emotive Prose
– 3. The language of the drama3. The language of the drama

5. 2. Publicist style2. Publicist style
• 1. The language of oratory1. The language of oratory
• 2. The language of essay2. The language of essay
• 3. The language of articles3. The language of articles

6. 3. Newspaper style3. Newspaper style
• 1. Brief News Items1. Brief News Items
• 2. Headlines2. Headlines
• 3. Advertisements and announcements3. Advertisements and announcements
• 4. The Editorial4. The Editorial

7. 4.Official style4.Official style
• 1. The language of diplomatic documents1. The language of diplomatic documents
• 2. The language of business documents2. The language of business documents
• 3. The language of legal documents3. The language of legal documents
• 4. The language of military documents4. The language of military documents

8. 5.5. Scientific styleScientific style
• 1. The language of Humanitarian1. The language of Humanitarian
sciencessciences
• 2. The language of exact sciences2. The language of exact sciences
• 3. The language of popular scientific3. The language of popular scientific
proseprose

9. FunctionsFunctions
• 1. Belles-letters style – aesthetic, cognitive function1. Belles-letters style – aesthetic, cognitive function
• 2. Publicist style – social influence and public opinion2. Publicist style – social influence and public opinion
manipulationmanipulation
• 3. Newspaper style – to influence public opinion on3. Newspaper style – to influence public opinion on
political and other matterspolitical and other matters
• 4. Scientific style – to prove a hypothesis, to create new4. Scientific style – to prove a hypothesis, to create new
concepts to disclose the internal laws of existence,concepts to disclose the internal laws of existence,
development, relationship between different phenomenadevelopment, relationship between different phenomena
• 5. Official style – to achieve the agreement between5. Official style – to achieve the agreement between
contrasting parts (the state and the citizen, citizen andcontrasting parts (the state and the citizen, citizen and
citizen, the society and its members)citizen, the society and its members)

10. • Features of Functional StylesFeatures of Functional Styles
Belles-letters style –Belles-letters style –
• Use of words in contextual and very often in more thanUse of words in contextual and very often in more than
one dictionary meaningone dictionary meaning
• A peculiar individual selection of vocabulary and syntax,A peculiar individual selection of vocabulary and syntax,
a kind of lexical and syntactical idiosyncrasya kind of lexical and syntactical idiosyncrasy
• Individual, distinctive properties, aesthetic, cognitiveIndividual, distinctive properties, aesthetic, cognitive
effecteffect
• The introduction of the typical features of colloquialThe introduction of the typical features of colloquial
languagelanguage

11. • Publicist stylePublicist style
• Interchange of standard and expressiveness, affective,Interchange of standard and expressiveness, affective,
impressive characterimpressive character
• Combination of logical argumentation and emotiveCombination of logical argumentation and emotive
appealappeal
• Coherent and logical syntactical structureCoherent and logical syntactical structure
• Use of words with emotive meaningUse of words with emotive meaning
• Brevity of expressionBrevity of expression
• Features common with the style of scientific proseFeatures common with the style of scientific prose

12. • Newspaper styleNewspaper style
• Priority of neutral and bookish vocabulary, abundance ofPriority of neutral and bookish vocabulary, abundance of
statistics, proper names, facts and data, means ofstatistics, proper names, facts and data, means of
evaluation, a great number of international wordsevaluation, a great number of international words
• Newspaper cliche, abbreviations, neologismsNewspaper cliche, abbreviations, neologisms
• specific word order- five w - h- pattern rule (who- what-specific word order- five w - h- pattern rule (who- what-
why- how-where-when)why- how-where-when)
• Headlines are the most conciseHeadlines are the most concise
• Special political and economic termsSpecial political and economic terms
• Complex sentences with a developed system of clausesComplex sentences with a developed system of clauses
• Considerable amount of appraisalConsiderable amount of appraisal

13. • Scientific styleScientific style
• The use of nouns and verbs in abstract meaning, specialThe use of nouns and verbs in abstract meaning, special
reference words-absence of non-literary vocabularyreference words-absence of non-literary vocabulary
• Clarity of expressionsClarity of expressions
• Logical coherence of ideasLogical coherence of ideas
• Use of terms specific to each given branch of scienceUse of terms specific to each given branch of science
• FootnotesFootnotes
• Impersonality, use of passive constructionsImpersonality, use of passive constructions
• Precision, clarity and logical cohesionPrecision, clarity and logical cohesion
• Logical sequence of utterancesLogical sequence of utterances
• Quotations and referencesQuotations and references

14. • Official styleOfficial style
• Imperative nature, stereotyped ways ofImperative nature, stereotyped ways of
expressionsexpressions
• Absence of subjective emotional appraisalAbsence of subjective emotional appraisal
• Conventionality of expressionConventionality of expression
• Use of words in their logical-dictionary meaningUse of words in their logical-dictionary meaning
• Large number of abbreviations, termsLarge number of abbreviations, terms

15. New WordsNew Words
• Lampoons - пасквильLampoons - пасквиль
• Idiosyncrasy- особенность, характерная чертаIdiosyncrasy- особенность, характерная черта
• Oratory- риторика, красноречиеOratory- риторика, красноречие
• Editorial- передовая статьяEditorial- передовая статья
• Dichotomy-дихотомия ( две части)Dichotomy-дихотомия ( две части)
• Coherent – связныйCoherent – связный
• Coherence - связьCoherence - связь
• Cohesion- цельностьCohesion- цельность

16. VariantsVariants
• thesis, monograph, article, report,thesis, monograph, article, report,
annotations, review, brochuresannotations, review, brochures
• Lampoons, essays, slogans, leaflets, briefLampoons, essays, slogans, leaflets, brief
news, talk show, reality show, game shownews, talk show, reality show, game show
• Laws, orders, contracts, pacts,Laws, orders, contracts, pacts,
declarations, instructionsdeclarations, instructions