Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, causes stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The symptoms gradually worsen over time in three stages - freezing, frozen, and thawing - and usually resolve within 2-3 years. Frozen shoulder is most common in people over 40 years old and more common in females. Risk factors include diabetes, thyroid problems, immobility after injury or surgery, and reduced mobility. Treatment involves NSAIDs, corticosteroid injections, physiotherapy, and sometimes surgery. Proper shoulder exercises and timely physiotherapy can help prevent frozen shoulder and aid recovery.