2. MARMA:
• Marma point is defined as anatomical site where muscles, veins, ligaments, bones
and joints meet together.
• According to Acharya Sushruta, there are 107 marmas in human body. Any injury to
these parts may lead to severe pain, disability, loss of function, loss of sensation, or
death. It plays an important role in surgery; therefore, it is called ‘Shalya
Vishayardha’ (half of the entire science of surgery).
MARMA STHAN:
• Acharya Sushruta statesthat Marma sthan is a very vital point, should not be injured
and should be kept intact even while doing surgeries. However, recent researches
indicate that if any Marma point is inflamed / painful, then stimulating its nearby
Marma points can help in alleviating this pain .
3. DERIVATION OF THE WORD ‘MARMA’:
मृ – ममनिनि ि्, मृ + प्राणत्यागे (Amarakosha 3/5/30)
The word marma is derived from the sanskrit term ‘mri- manin’ or ‘mri- pranatyage’. It
means that which causes death or death like miseries.
मृ – ममनिनि ि्, जीव स्थानिे: सरि््ंधिि स्थानिे तात्पयय च। (Raj Nighantu, Manushya Varga / 64)
The word marma is derived from ‘mri – manin’, which means seat of life (jeevasthana) of
many important structures.
Thus, based on the above descriptions, Marma is derived from the root word ‘mri’ with
suffix ‘manin’. Therefore each letter of word marma has got specific meaning – ‘Ma’ means
prana or vayu, Repha denotes house or seat. Therefore, ‘Marma’ means seat of Prana or
Vayu, where Prana is the vital life force that governs all the physical and subtle processes of
a living being.
4. MARMA-LAKSHANAS (NATURE / SIGNS)
ममायणण िाम मा्ंसमसरास्िाय्वस्स्थसस्धिसस्धिपातााः, तेषु स्वभावत एव ववशेषेण
प्राणस्स्तष्ठस्धत; तस्माधममयस्वमभहतास्ता्ंस्ताि ि् भावािापद्यधते (सु.शा.६/१६)
Marma (fatal spots) are confluence of muscles, veins, ligaments, bones and joints.
Prana (vital life force) especially resides in these locations; hence if the Marmas are
injured, they produce their respective effect.
मारयधतीनतममाररण ।। (Sushruta Sharira, Dalhan Tika 6/3)
Any injury to marma points may lead to death .
तेषामधयतमपीडाया्ं समधिका पीडा भवनत, चेतिानिबधिवैशेष्याति्। (च/मस/९/३)
In case of affliction in any marma point, there is more pain than any other part of the
body, because of the specific attachmentof chetana (consciousness)to these spots.
5. MARMAGHATA
(INJURY TO THE MARMA POINTS)
Injury to the Marma points, i.e. Marmaghata, can lead to severe pain, loss of
sensation, loss of function, disability, and death. A significant portion of Shalya
Tantra (science of surgery) deals with the knowledge of the fatal spots
(marmas), because any injury to these fatal spots leads to sudden death, and if
anyone survives due to the efficiency of the physician, the occurrence of
deformities is almost a certainty .
6. Common symptoms
According to Acharya Sushruta ,The common symptoms of Marmaghata are as follows:
भ्रम: प्रलापरि्: पतयनि्ंि प्रमोहो ववचेष्टनि्ंि सरि््ंिलयनिोष्णतेच। ।
स्रस्ताधगतामूर्च्यनिमूर्धवयवास्तीव्रा रुजोवातकताश्च तास्ता:।।
म्ंसोडकभ्ं रुधिरधच गर्च्ेति्सववयसिस्धियाथो परयमस्तथैव।
दशािसरि््ंिख्येस्ष्वपरि्हह क्षतेषु सामाधयतोममयसु मल्ंगमुक्त्ं।।
• Bhrama (Giddiness)
• Pralapa (Delirium)
• Patana (Fainting)
• Pramoha (Delusion)
• Vicheshtana (Loss of activity of the body parts)
• Sanlayana (Semi- consciousness)
• Ushnataa (Increase of body temperature)
• Srastaangataa(weakness of body parts)
• Murchha (Fainting)
• Urdhwavata(Increased expiration)
• Vatastivra ruja (Severe pain caused by Vata)
• Mansadokabham rudhiram cha gachchheta (Flowing out blood resembling meat washed fluid)
• Sarvendriyaarthoparamastathaiva (Cessation of activity of all sense organs)
are the common symptoms when all the five vital spots (mansa, sira, snayu, asthi, sandhi) are injured.
7. When marmas get injured
all the four kind of siras (vatavaha, pittavaha, kaphavaha, raktavaha)residing in the
marmas and give nutrition to all body, get injured
that is why large quantity of blood flows out
Dhatu kshya (depletion of dhatus) occurs
Vata get aggravated along with pitta dosha (aggravated Vata covers all four kinds of
siras)
Causes severe pain, thirst, dizziness, delerium, sweating, weakness, loss of
consciousness
Severe injury causes either deformity or death
8. CLASSIFICATION
On the basis of it’s
Rachana :
On the basis of
Shadanga Sharira :
On the basis of it’s
prognosis:
1. Mamsa marma(11)
2. Sira marma(41)
3. Snayu marma(27)
4. Asthi marma(08)
5. Sandhi marma(20)
1. Upper Extremity(22)
2. Lower Extremity(22)
3. Supraclavicular Region
(Head & Neck)(37)
4. Thorax & Abdominal
Region(12)
5. Back Region (14)
1. Sadhyapranhara marma(19)
2. Kalantarapranhara marma(33)
3. Vishalyaghna marma(03)
4. Vaikalyakara marma(44)
5. Rujakar marma(08)
9. 1. Sadyapranhara marma (19)
• Sadyahpranahara marma is Agneya, i.e. having qualities of Agni; therefore,
owing to this agni like (sharp) quality, injury to these marma kills the
affected person quickly.
• The fatal time period of Sadyahpranahara marma is less than seven days.
• If an injury occurs at the border or nearby area of the location of
Sadyahpranahara marma, the occurrence of death is slightly delayed, i.e.
the effect is similar to that of Kalantarpranahara marma.
तत्र सद्याःप्राणहराण्याग्िेयानि, अस्ग्िगुणेष्वाशु क्षीणेषु क्षपयस्धत ।
सु.शा.६.६.
11. 2. Kalantarapranhara marma(33)
• Kalantarpranahara marma is Saumyagneya, i.e. having qualities of both Agni
and Jala; therefore, although due to their agni like nature, an injury to these
marma kills the affected person quickly, but because of the cold and stable
nature of soma (jala), the occurrence of death is delayed.
• The fatal time period is from fifteen days to one month.
• If an injury occurs at the border or nearby area of the location of Kalantar
Pranahara marma, it causes deformity, i.e. the effect is similar to that of
Vaikalyakara marma.
कालाधतरप्राणहराणण सौम्याग्िेयानि, अस्ग्िगुणेष्वाशु क्षीणेषु क्रमेण च
सोमगुणेषु कालाधतरेण क्षपयस्धत । सु.शा.६.६.
13. 3. Vishalyaghna Marma (3)
• Vishalyaghna marma are Vayavya, i.e. having qualities of vayu. If these
marma are injured by a shalya (foreign body), then because of their Vayavya
nature, as long as the vayu remains obstructed inside (i.e. prevented from
coming out) by the mass of the shalya (foreign body), the person stays alive,
but as soon as the foreign body is pulled out, the vayu residing in the fatal
spot comes out and the person dies.
ववशल्यप्राणहराणण वायव्यानि शल्यमुखावरुद्िो यावदधतवाययुस्स्तष्ठनत
तावज्जीवनत उद्घृतमात्रे तु शल्ये ममयस्थािाधितो वायुनिष्क्रामनत,
तस्माति्सशल्यो जीवत्युधद्ितशल्यो मियते । सु.शा.६.६.
14. • However, after the injury, if the shalya is not pulled out before the completion of
the autohealing process, then it provides protection to the Prana at that location
untill the wound is healed normally, and the shalya is pulled out along with pus.
• Vishalyaghna marma may also sometimes lead to death if these are heavily
injured.
• If an injury occurs at the border or nearby area of the location of Vishalyaghna
marma, it causes deformity, i.e. The effect is similar to that of Vaikalyakara marma
• THE FOLLOWING ARE VISHALYAGHNA MARMA:
1. उत्क्िेप (02) 2. तथपनी (01)
15. 4. Vaikalyakar marma (44)
• Vaikalyakara marma are Saumya, i.e. having qualities of Chandra / Jala.
Because of the stability and cold property of Soma guna, these help in the
sustenance of life.
• Vaikalyakara marma may also sometimes lead to death if these are heavily
injured.
• If an injury occurs at the border or nearby area of the location of
Vaikalyakara marma, it harms the body after some time and also produces
pain, i.e. the effect is similar to that of Rujakara marma.
वैकल्यकराणण सौम्यानि, सोमो हह स्स्थरत्वार्चुत्यार्चच प्राणावलम्बि्ं करोनत
सु.शा.६.६.
17. 5. Rujakara marma (8)
• Rujakara marma predominantly have the properties of Agni and Vayu,
both of which produce pain. Although Agni is diminished because of
trauma, yet Vayu causes constant pain at the affected part.
• If an injury occurs at the border or nearby area of the location of
Rujakara marma, it causes severe pain
रुजाकराण्यस्ग्िवायुगुणभूनयष्ठानि ववशेषतश्च तौ रुजाकरी,
पाचभौनतकी व रुजामाहुरेक
े । सु.शा.६.६.
23. क्षिप्र ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Kalantarapranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each palm)
kshipra marma
24. KSHIPRA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in between
the Thumb and the
Index Finger
• It controls Rasavaha
and Pranavaha
srotas, heart &
avalambaka Kapha
तत्र पादस्ाांगुष्ठाङ्गुल््ोर्मध््े ‘क्षिप्रां’ नार् र्र्म, तत्र क्षिद्धस्ािेपे
र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
25. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Flexor Pollicis brevis.
2) Oblique and transverse head of adductor pollicis.
3) Branches of Median Nerve.
4) Dorsal metacarpal artery.
5) Superficial palmer arch.
29. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause quick loss of function of adduction
and flexion of thumb and severe bleeding from the
palmer arch.
• It also leads to “Aakshapana” meaning convulsions
gradually leading to death in due course of time.
30. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma should be massaged for givingstimulation to heart-lung apperatus
as well as for controlling avalambaka kapha. One can use powder of vacha,
heavy oils like vacha oil, mustard oil, and amruta oil (Tinospora cordifolia), or
aromatic oils like davana (artemesia pallens). casia (cinnamoum cassia), sage
(salvia officinalis).
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
If the person is suffering from tingling and numbness,Paronychia, erysipelas,
gout, Calcaneal spur, psoriasis, cracked feet, then acupuncture should be done 2
anguli proximal to the marma site.
31. िलहृदय ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Mamsa marma
• Kalantarapranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ anguli
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each palm,)
talahridaya marma
32. TALAHRIDAYA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• Situated in the center of the
palm, facing the root of the
middle finger.
• Controls Pranavaha srotas,
Heart and Lungs, respiration
and Avalambaka Kapha
र्ध््र्ाङ्गुक्षिर्नुपूिे र्ध््े पादतिस् तिहृद्ां नार्, तत्र
रुजाक्षिर्मर र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
33. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Tendon of Flexor digitorum profundus.
2) Lumbricalis.
3) Mamsa dhatu of Tunica media
4) Superficial and Deep Palmer arch.
5) Interossei muscle.
6) Branches of Median nerve.
7) Extensor digitorum.
38. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause loss of functions of flexion and
extension of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers and adduction
of 2nd, 3rd and 4th metacarpals.
• Severe bleeding may lead to severe pain. Shock or
gangrene of the fingers. It is type of Kalantara
Pranahara marma.
39. TREATMENT
Massage:
For controlling Pranavaha srotas, massage with narayan oil or aromatic oils
derived from elecampane (inula graveolens), galbanum and (ferula species) is
effective.
40. क
ु र्व ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 4 anguli
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each palm,)
My
41. KURCHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• Situated 1 inch distal
from the wrist joint at
the root of the thumb,
above kshipra marma.
• It controls Alochaka
Pitta
क्षिप्रस्ोपररष्टादुि्तः कू र्चो नार्, तत्र पादस् भ्रर् िेपने
िितः ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
42. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Tendon of Extensor digitorum.
2) Extensor indicis.
3) Tendon of Extensor carpi radialis bravis.
4) Tendon of Extensor carpi longus.
5) Flexor digitorum sublimus.
6) Flexor digitorum profundus.
7) Branches of Median nerve.
47. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause incoordination among the carpal
and metacarpal joints, Impairment of the functions
of extension Signs if injured and abduction of the
wrist and may cause disfigurement of the hand. It is
Vaikalyakara type marma.
48. TREATMENT
Massage:
for controlling Alochaka Pitta massage with sandalwood oil, or shatadhautaghrita - ghee
washed in waterfor 100 times and aromatic oils like rose and lotus(nelumbo nucifera) are
useful.
49. क
ु र्व-भशर ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Rujakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 1 anguli
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each palm,)
kurcha-shira marma
54. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause impairment of the function of the
flexion and abduction of the wrist as well as severe
bleeding from the Radial artery and severe pain
due to injury to the Radialnerve. It is Rujakara type
marma
57. MANIBANDH MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in ½ inch
lateral to the center
of the wrist joint.
• It controls ashivaha
srotas.
पादजङ्घ्ोः सन्धाने गुल्फो नार्, तत्र रुजः सतव््पादता
खञ्जता िा ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
58. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Wrist joint
2) Radio ulnar ligament
3) radio carpal ligament
4) Radial nerve
5) median nerve
6) Radial artery
7) Median artery
62. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause the loss of function of flexion,
extension, Addiction and abduction of the hand. It
can cause incoordination, dislocation and
disfigurement of the hand.
• It may cause wastingof the hand also.
63. TREATMENT
Massage:
For controlling Asthivaha srotas, use of sahachara oil, birch (betula lemulata) or
oil of wintergreen( gaultheria procumbens) is benefical.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
In case of acute cervical Limphadenitis Acupunctureshould be done 2 anguls
distal to the marma.
64. आणण ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each arm)
ani marma
65. ANI MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
•In the medial aspect of the
arm, 2 inches above the
medial epicondyle of the
Humerus.
• It Controls Udakavaha
srotas.
जानुन ऊध्िमर्ुि्तत्र््ांगुिर्ानो आ ी नार्, तत्र
शोफाक्षििृक्षद्धः सतब्धसक्षथिता र्च ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
66. Contents surrounding the marma:
1)Biceps brachii Muscle
2)Corocobrahialis Muscle
3)Ulnar and Median nerve.
4)Brachial artery and vein.
70. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury to this marma will cause impairment of the function of extension of
forearm, drawing of the forearm forward and inward and injury to the
nerve may cause complete paralysisof the forearm.
• Injury to the artery may also cause severe bleeding.
72. उवी ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 1 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 each in the wide region
of Forearm)
urvi marma
73. URVI MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This Marma is located
In the Radial aspect of
the arm about 4 and ½
inches from the
medial epicondyle.
• This Controls
Rasavaha and
Udakavaha srotas and
healthy tissue growth..
ऊरुर्ध््े ऊिी नार्, तत्र शोक्ष ति्ात् सक्षथिशोषः
।(सु.शा.६/२५)
74. Contents surrounding the marma:
1)Biceps Brachii Muscle
2)Triceps Brachii Muscle
3)Brachial artery
4)Brachial vein
5)Median Nerve
6)Ulnar Nerve
7)Lymph drainage : to axillary group of glands
79. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Damage to the artery may cause bleeding.
• Injury may cause impairment of the function
flexion and extension of the forearm.
81. लोहििाि ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each shoulder joint)
lohitaksha marma
82. LOHITAKSHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in the
Center of the armpit
or axillary fossa
through which
axillary artery
passes.
• It controls Rasavaha
Srotas.
ऊव््ाम ऊध्िमर्धो िङ्ि सन्धेरूरुर्ूिे िोक्षततािां नार् (ऊरुर्ूिे
िोक्षतताख््ां ‘पा’) । तत्र िोक्षतति्े र्र ां पिाघातो िा
।(सु.शा.६/२५)
83. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Axillary artery and vein.
2) Lymph vessel drainage to axillary group of glands.
3) Median and Ulnar nerve.
4) Latissimus dorsi muscle.
5) Pectoralis major muscle.
6) Pectoralis minor muscle.
6) Coraco Brachialis muscle.
7) Subscapularis muscle.
87. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Damage to the axillary vessels can cause
haemorrhage.
• Injury to the muscles may cause loss of function of
the Humerus.
88. TREATMENT
Massage:
For controlling rasavaha srotas or lymphatics, there are two type of oil is
useful-
- bilvadi oil (aegle marmelos)
- aromatic oil of geranium (pelargonium ordorantissium)
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
If the person is suffering from tingling and numbness, paranochia,
crysepelas, gout, calcenial spur, psoriasis, cracked feet, then acupuncture
should be done 2 anguli proximal to the marma site.
90. KAKSHADHARA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
2 inches below the
point joining the
lateral 1/3 and medial
2/3 of clavicle, where
the Median nerve is
situated.
Controls Mamsavaha
srotas.
िङ्ि िृष ्ोरन्तरे क्षिटपां नार्, तत्र षाण्ढ््र्ल्पशुक्रता िा
ििक्षत ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
•
•
91. Contents surrounding the marma:
1. Pectoralis Major and minor as well as intercostal
muscles.
2. Median nerve.
3. Lymph drainage to axillary glands.
4. Axillary artery and vein.
95. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
Injury may cause impairment of the functions –
• Downward and Forward drawing of the arm
• Depression of the shoulder joint
• Nerve injury may lead to,
- complete paralysis of the hand
- waisting of the muscles or gangrene
96. TREATMENT
Massage:
For controlling mamsavaha srotas, use –
- Sesame oil,
- Mahamasha oil
- Chandan-bala-lakshadi oil
- Aromatic oil of marjoram (origanum majorana)
- Kuzambu containing 4 parts of sesame oil, 2 parts of ghee and 1 part of
castoroil also proves very effective.
99. क्षिप्र ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Kalantara pranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each foot)
kshipra marma
100. KSIPRA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in between
the big toe and the
first toe
• It controls Rasavaha
and Pranavaha
strotas avalambaka
kapha.
तत्र पादस्ाांगुष्ठाङ्गुल््ोर्मध््े 'क्षिप्रां' नार् र्र्म, तत्र
क्षिद्धस्ािेपे र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
105. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause impairment of the function of
the adduction and flexion of the great toe.
Damage to the artery may cause severe
bleeding, haematoma inside the Planter
apponeurosis and septic toximia.
106. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma is use maha narayan oil, which is fortified formula of narayan oil or
aromatic oil of orange (citrus aurantium),is good.
107. CLASSIFICATION
• Mamsa marma
• Kalantara pranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each sole,)
talahridaya marma
िलहृदय ममव
108. TALA HRIDAYA MARMA :LOCATION-FUNCTION
• This marma is
situated in the
Center of the sole
facing the root of
round to from the
planter arch.
• It controls
pranavaha srotas.
र्ध््र्ाङ्गुक्षिर्नुपूिे र्ध््े पादतिस् तिहृद्ां नार्, तत्र
रुजाक्षिर्मर र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
109. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Flexor digitorum bravis muscles.
2) Flexor digitorum longus muscles.
3) Adductor hallucis muscles.
4) Flexor digitorum accessors muscles.
5) Tunica media of planter arch.
6) Planter arch artery.
7) Tributaries of saphenous vein.
112. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause impairment of the function of
flexion and extension of phalanges and adduction
of the great toe. Severe bleeding may occur due to
injury to Planter arch..
113. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma is use bala oil or aromatic oil of cedarwood(juniperus virginiana) or
himalayan cedarwood (cedrus deodar).
114. क
ू र्ाव ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
•Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
•4 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each foot,)
kurcha marma
115. KURCHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION
• This marma is
situated 2 inch
proximal and 1/2
inch medial to the
centre of the sole of
the foot.
• It controls Alochaka
pitta and eye sight.
क्षिप्रस्ोपररष्टादुि्तः कू र्ची नार्, तत्र पादस् भ्रर् िेपने
िितः ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
116. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Tendon of Flexor hallucis longus muscle.
2) Abductor hallucis muscle.
3) Medial planter nerve.
4) Medial Planter and Dorsal Metatarsal and Arcuate
arteries.
120. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause damage to the bones and
ligaments in incoordination of the action of the
muscles and the shape of the foot may get
disfigured.
121. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma is use For controlling alochaka pitta, use triphala ghee or castoroil
(Ricinus comunus), or lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus).
128. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
•Demage to the ligaments and bone may cause
severe pain alongwith the impairment of all the
functions of the foot.
129. TREATMENT
• Massage-Use doorvadioil (cyndon dactylon), ushiradi oil (vetevera
zyzanoides) oraromatic oil of elemi (canarium luzonicum).
• Agnikarma- For vatakantaka (calcenial spur) it should be done on the
sensitive point with iron probe.
130. गुल्फ ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sandhi marma
• Rujakar type of marma
MEASUREMENT
• 2 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (each in two leg)
gulpha marma
131. GULPHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in ankle
joint and the tibia
as well as calcanium
bone.
• It controls
medovaha,
Asthivaha and
shukravaha srotas.
पादजङ्घ्ोः सन्धाने गुल्फो नार्, तत्र रुजः
सतव््पादता खञ्जता िा ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
136. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury to the joint will cause swelling with
impairment of the functions of flexion, extension etc.
137. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma should be massaged for controlling asthivaha srotas, use
ashwagandha oil, triphaladi sahasrayoga or aromatic oils like clarysage (salvia
sclarea) for femals and nutmeg (myristica fragnans) for males.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
for tubercular knee, sever pain in the groin, paresis of the leg, paralysis of the
leg. It should be done 4 anguli above the marma.
138. उवी ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Vaikalyakar Marma
MEASUREMENT
• 1 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each leg )
Urvi marma
139. URVI MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• In the middle of the
line joining the centre
of the Inguinal
Ligament and the
medial condyle of the
Femur where the
Femoral artery, Long
Cephanus vein passes,
• Controls Rasavaha
and Udakavaha
srotas.
ऊरुर्ध््े ऊिी नार्, तत्र शोक्ष ति्ात् सक्षथिशोषः
।(सु.शा.६/२५)
140. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Adductor Magnus muscle
2) Rectus femoris muscle
3) Femoral artery and vein.
4) Drainage to the superficial inguinal glands.
5) Cephaneous nerve.
144. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury to all the important structures passing
through this vital point-artery, nerve and vein can
cause wasting, disfunction of the muscles and
bleeding.
145. TREATMENT
Massage:
This controlls both rasavaha srotas and udakavaha srotas. For improving
functions of rasavaha it is advisable to massage with jeerakadi oil containing
cumin, almond oil or aromatic oil of pine (pinus alba).
147. ANI MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated 2 inches
above the centre of
the knee joint and
popliteal fossa.
• It controls
Udakavaha srotas.
जानुन ऊध्िमर्ुि्तसत्र््ांगुिर्ानो आ ी नार्, तत्र
शोफाक्षििृक्षद्धः सतब्धसक्षथिता र्च ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
148. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Adductor magnus muscles.
2) Medial and lateral ligaments of the knee joint.
2) Qudriceps Femoris
3) Femoral artery
4) Tributories of Femoral vein and saphenous nerve.
152. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
Injury will cause severe pain and loss of functions of
knee. It is Vaikalvakara type of marma.
153. CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each leg joint,)
Lohitaksha marma
लोहििाि ममव
154. • This marma is
situated Two inches
lateral to the pubis
Symphysis where
Femoral artery
passes and In
Femoral Triangle.
• It controls Rasavaha
Srotas.
LOHITAKSHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION :-
ऊव््ाम ऊध्िमर्धो िङ्ि सन्धेरूरुर्ूिे िोक्षततािां नार्
(ऊरुर्ूिे िोक्षतताख््ां ‘पा’)। तत्र िोक्षतति्े र्र ां
पिाघातो िा ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
155. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Femoral artery and Tributories of Femoral vein.
2) Femoral nerve.Drainage to the superficial Inguinal glands.
3) Psoas Major muscle.
4) Pectineus muscle.
159. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury can can cause Paralysis of the lower limb and
the edema of the leg along with deformity and
severe pain also.
160. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma should For controlling rasavaha and its diseases, use karpuradi oil,
tulasipatradi oil (basilicum). The use of aromatic oil of jasmine (jasminum
grandiflorum) is also beneficial.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
For treating galaganda (thyroid hypertrophy) select a point I anguli medial to the
marma.
162. :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
•One inch lateral to the
Syphysis Pubis in the
Superficial ring thorugh
which the Spermatic
cord passes.
•Controls Shukravaha
srotas.
िङ्ि िृष ्ोरन्तरे क्षिटपां नार्, तत्र षाण्ढ््र्ल्पशुक्रता िा
ििक्षत ।(सु.शा.६/२५)
163. Contents surrounding the marma:
•In men-
1) Obliqus Externus and Internus.
2) Rectus abdominis muscles.
3) Femoral nerve and Spermatic cord.
•In women-
1)Round ligament.
2)Labia majora and labia minora. (Ligament is not
important here.)
3)Injury can cause impotency.
168. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
•The Vitapa Marma is associated with area of spermatic
cord as per traumatic effect since it joins vrushan and
vankshan.
169. TREATMENT
•Massage-
For controlling shukravaha srotax, it is advisableto massage with mashataila,
kumkumadi oil, or oil of musk(floral hibiscus).
•Suchi-karma (acupuncture) –
For treating paraphymosis, infections in genital tract and oligospermia,
select a point 2 anguli medial to marma. For treating hydrocele select a
pointposterior to the scrotum.
173. NILA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• The point just
lateral to trachea in
the neck.
• Controls Bhrajaka
Pitta, Thyroid and
Brain.
तत्र कण्ठिाडीमुभयतश्चतस्त्रो िमधयो द्वे
िीले ,व्यत्यासेि तत्र मूकता-स्वरवैकृ त-
मरसग्राहहता च ।
174. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Internal and External Carotid artery.
2) Anterior Jugular vein.
3) Upper deep cervical group of lymph glands.
4) Accessory nerve supplying sternocleidomastoid muscle and
recurrant laryngeal branch.
5) Primary rami of 4 th, 5 th and 6 th cervical nerves.
178. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Although the name Nila indicates blood vessels, the
symptoms are of injury to the laryngeal nerve
producing paralysis of vocal cords leading to loss of
voice. It is Vaikalyakara type of marma
181. MANYA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• ½ inch downwards
and backwards to the
angle of mandibular
bone.
• Controls Rasavaha
and Raktavaha.
तत्र कण्ठिाडीमुभयतश्चतस्त्रो िमधयो
द्वे मधये, व्यत्यासेि तत्र मूकता-
स्वरवैकृ त- मरसग्राहहता च ।
189. MATRIKA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated 1/2 inch
lateral to the outer
tendon of Trachea.
• It controls
Majjavaha srotas.
ग्रीिा्ार्ुि्तश्चतस्रः (र्चतस्रः र्चतस्रः ‘पाठः) क्षसरार्ातृकाः,
तत्र सद्यो र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२८)
190. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Branches of common Carotid artery - front and back of neck.
2) face.
3) side of head.
4) meninges.
5) middle ear.
6) thyroid.
7) tongue.
8) tonsil
9) internal ear.
10) Forehead.
11) jugular vein receiving face, neck, thyroid.
12) Vagus and Phrenic nerves.
193. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
•Injury to the blood vessels will cause severe
haemorrhage, collapse and death.
194. TREATMENT
Massage-It is advisable to use jyotishmati or shankhapushpioil or aromatic oil of
angelica (angelica officinalis) for controlling majjavaha srotas.
196. STHAPANI MARMA :LOCATION & Function
FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in between
the eyebrows.
Position of third eye.
• It controls 6 th
chakra- Ajnya and
Prana.
भ्रुिोर्मध््े सिपनी, तत्रोत्क्िेपित् |(सु.शा.६/२८)
197. Contents surrounding the marma:
1).Supra Orbital.
2). Facial artery.
3)..Anterior Facial vein.
4).Superior sagital sinus.
5).Drainage to Submandibular lymph glands.
6).Supra orbital nerve.
7).Frontal bone.
200. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Deep injury will cause damage to the brain and
sudden death.
201. TREATMENT
Massage:
Shirodhara - For treating disorders of 6 th chakra (ajnya) and Prana Vata, pouring
slow drip of dhanvantara oil on this marma is very useful.
203. PHANA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is
situated in the level
of the saddle of the
nose.
• It is controls Sense
organ of smell
घ्रा र्ागमर्ुि्तः स्रोतोर्ागमप्रक्षतबद्धे अभ््न्तरतः फ े तत्र
गन््ाज्ञानर्् ।(सु.शा.६/२८)
204. Contents surrounding the marma:
1).Facial artery.
2).Facial vein.
3).Branches of olfactory nerves.
4). Facial nerve.
5).Orbicularis oris.
6). Levator labii Superior muscles.
7). Nasal, Frontal and chtmoid bones.
8).Submandibular lymph supply.
207. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
•Injury will produce deformity of the nose and face.
•If the nerves are injured then it may cause loss of
sensation of smell.
208. TREATMENT
Massage- For treating sense organ of smell use of aromatic oil of
cinnamon(cinnamomumzeylanicum) is good.
Suchi-karma-(acupuncture) - For treating anosmia, select a
treatment point 1/2 anguli medial to this marma.
209. शंख ममॅ
CLASSIFICATION
• Asthi marma
• Sadya pranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each side of head)
shankh marma
210. SHANKH MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• In between the tragus
of the ear and the
lateral corner of the
eye.
• Controls sense organs
of touch and Vata in
large Intestine.
भ्रुिोरन्त्ोरुपरर क मििाट्ोर्मध््े शांखौ, तत्र सद्योर्र र््
।(सु.शा.६/२८)
211. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Temporal bone along with Temporal muscle.
2) Temporal vein.
3) Drainage to the Superficial Parotid glands.
4) Facial and Corda typmani nerve.
216. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• The injury may cause damage to the brain, can
cause haemorrhage and sudden death
217. TREATMENT
Massage:
For treating any problems of sense organ of touch (skin) use ashwagandha oil.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
For treating epilepsy carry out acupuncture 2 anguli distal to temporo-
mandibular joint.
218. उत्क्िेप ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Snayu marma
• Vishalyaghna marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each side of head)
utkshepa marma
219. UTKSHEPA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION
FUNCTION-
• Behind the upper
border of the helix
of the ear. 2 anguli
above shankha
marma.
• Controls Vata and
sense organ of
smell.
शांख्ोरुपरर के शान्त उत्क्िेपौ, तत्र सशल््ो जीिेत्, पाकात्
पक्षततशल््ो िा, नोध्रृत शल््ः ।(सु.शा.६/२८)
224. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury will cause severe haemorrhage.
225. TREATMENT
Massage:
For controlling Vata disorders use bala oil.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
For treating psychological aggressive disorders like unmada, select point 1 anguli
above, on the border of hairline
226. अपाङ्गः ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Vaikalyakara marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 (1 in each Side of Head)
apanga marma
227. APANGA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• At the outer angle of
eye. Lateral side of
orbital fossa.
• Controls Sense
organ of sight.
भ्रुपुच्छान्त्ोर्ोऽक्ष् ोबामह्यतोऽपाङ्गौ, तत्रान्ध््ां
दृष््ुपधातो िा ।(सु.शा.६/२८)
228. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Anterior Ciliary arteries and veins.
2) Drainage to the superficial parotid lymph glands.
3) Optic and ciliary nerves.
4) Sphenoid, Maxillary and Zygomatic joints.
232. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may produce blindness and deformity of the
face also.
233. TREATMENT
Massage:
For treating sense organ of sight, use of triphala oil or aromatic oil of vetiver
(vetivera zizanoides) is advised.
Suchi-vedha(Acupuncture):
For treating glaucoma, headache and stye acupuncture should be done 1 anguli
above this marma
235. AVARTA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This Marma is located at
the upper border of orbital
cavity formed by the
Frontal bone. At the centre
of eyebrows, above
apanga, on the forehead.
• It controls Vata and
posture of the body.
भ्रुिोरुपरर क्षनम्न्ोरािर्त्तौ नार्, तत्राप्यान्ान्ध््ां दृष्ट्ुपघातो िा
।(सु.शा.६/२८)
236. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Levator superioris muscle
2) Superior rectus muscle
3) Opthalmic artery
4) Supraorbital artery
5) Superior opthalmic vein
6) Optic Nerve
7) Frontal Nerve
8) Frontal Bone
9) Sphenoid Joint
10) Frontal Joint
243. SHRINGATAKA MARMA : LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• This marma is situated At
the meeting point of
tongue, nose, eyes, ears
on the soft palate. From
the inner side it is 1/2
inch above sthapani
• It controls Prana,
Bodhaka kapha and
sense organ of taste.
घ्रा -श्रोता-क्षि-क्षजह्वा-सांतपम ीनाां क्षसरा ाां र्ध््े
क्षसरासक्षन्नपातः शृङ्गाटकाक्षन ताक्षन र्चत्क्िारर र्र्ामक्ष तत्राक्षप
सद्यो र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२८)
244. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Occipito Frontalis muscle.
2) Supra orbital artery.
3) Frontal diploic vein
4) Superior sagital sinus.
5) Opthalmic nerve.
259. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury may cause extra-vasation of urine, which can
cause peritonitis, uremia and death.
260. TREATMENT
Massage:
This marma should be massaged for controlling vata, use dashamuladi oil,
sesame oil, narayan oil or acromatic oil of yellow (archillea millefolium)
261. CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Sadya Pranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 4 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 1 in number
nabhi marma
नाभि ममव
262. NABHI MARMA : LOCATION & FUNCTION
• Behind and around the
Umbilicus
• It controls 3rd chakra
manipura.
पथिार्ाश््ोर्मध््े क्षसराप्रििा, नाक्षिः, तत्राक्षप सद्यो र्र र््
।(सु.शा.६/२६)
263. Contents surrounding the marma:
1. Pancreas.
2. Ranjaka Pitta.
3. Samana Vata.
4. Inferior Epigastric artery and vein.
5. Inferior vena cava.
6. Abdominal aorta.
7. Solar plexus of nerves.
8. Rectus abdominus.
9. Obliqus Externus and internus mascle.
267. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Simple injury does not cause sudden death.
However if the abdominal aorta is ruptured then it
can cause instant death due to shock and
haemorrhage. The deep injury may also cause
reflex stoppage of the heart.
268. TREATMENT
Massage:For increasing digestion use oil of bay (pimenta racemosa), or ginger
or fennel. Using massage of nabhighruta (ghee+ rock salt+ camphor) to relieve
gas in children is very effective. For this pour sufficient quantity of this ghee in
umbilicus and then insert one finger in it. Then carry out pinching type of
massage. There will be instant relief of pain and gas accumulated in intestines.
For hyperacidity massage with aromatic oil of mogra (murroya paniculata).
Lepa(Paste):Lepa Of sandalwood is useful to alliviate pitta in small intestine. For
tapping ascitic fluid in abdomen, select a point 4 anguli distal to It. Paramedian
line.
269. हृदय ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Sadya pranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 4 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 1 in Number
hridya marma
270. HRIDYA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• Controls Rasavaha
srotas, Sadhaka
Pitta, vyana and
Pruna vata Ojus
Avalambaka Kapha
and 4 th chakra or
Anahata.
सतन्ोर्मध््र्क्षधष्ठा्ोरस्ार्ाश्द्वारां सत्त्िरजसतर्सार्क्षधष्ठानां
हृद्र्् । तत्राक्षप सद्य एि र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२६)
271. Contents surrounding the marma:
1. Ascending aorta.
2. Superior and Inferior Vena Ceva.
3. Pulmonary veins from lungs.
4. Vagus nerve.
5. Cardiac muscle.
6. Sternum bone with 2nd, 3rd and 4th ribs.
275. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury will cause severe haemorrhage, shock and
death. It is Sadyha Pranahara type marma.
276. TREATMENT
Massage: for alleviating pitta, in cases of inflamatory diseases of heart like pericarditis
massage of sandalwood oil. And aromatic oils of lotus (nelumbo nucifera), henna (lawsonia
inermis).
Hrid basti – is very effective for controlling aggravated Vata, in cases of irregular
heartbeats, arrhythmia, angina pectoris etc.
277. तिन–मूल ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira Marma
• Kalantarapranahara marma
MEASUREMENT
• 2 Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 in number
stana-mula marma
278. STANA–MOOLA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
FUNCTION-
• Situated on brest
nipples on both sides
• It Controls
Mamsavaha srotas.
सतन्ोरधसताद् द्व्ङ्गुिर्ुि्तः सतनर्ूिे, तत्र कफपू मकोष्ठत्ा
(कासश्वासाभ््ाां) क्षि्ते ।(सु.शा.६/२६)
279. Contents surrounding the marma:
1. Internal mammary artery and vein.
2. Drainage to axillary lymph glands.
3. Vagus nerve and Intercostal nerves.
4. Pectoralis Major and Minor muscles.
5. Intercostal muscles
283. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Deep injury can cause Pneumothorax, bleeding and
death after some time. It is Kalantara Pranahara
type of marma.
291. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Injury to the Pulmonary artery will cause severe
haemorrhage.
• Collapse and death.It is Sadyha Pranahara type of
marma.
292. TREATMENT
Suchi-karma (acupuncture) –
For treating pleurisy and lung abscess, select a point I anguli lateral to the flanx
and nipple of breast.
Massage-
This also controls mamsavaha srotas and majjavaha srotas,use aromatic oil of
juniperberry (juniperus communis).
293. अपलप ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Kalantara Pranahara
Marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 in number
apalapa marma
294. APALAP MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• ½ inch lateral and
downward to the
centre of the line
joining the sternal
and acromial end of
the clavicle.
• It Controls
Majjavaha srotas
अांसकू ट्ोरधसतात् पाश्वोपररिाग्ोरपिापौ नार्, तत्र रक्ते न
पू्िािां गतेन र्र र्् ।(सु.शा.६/२६)
295. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Subclavian artery and vein.
2) Drainage to the axillary lymph glands.
3) Brachial plexus of nerves.
4) Pectoralis Major and Biceps Brachi short head.
299. WHAT IF THE MARMA IS DAMAGED...?
• Penetrating type of injury to the Subclavian artery will cause
severe haemorrhage and death. It is KalantaraPranahara type
of marma.
301. अपतिंि ममव
CLASSIFICATION
• Sira marma
• Kalantarapranahara
Marma
MEASUREMENT
• ½ Anguli pramana
NUMBER
• 2 in number
apastambha marma
302. APASTAMBHA MARMA :LOCATION & FUNCTION-
• Medial and
downwards of the
nipples at the level
of the 3rdThoracic
Vertebra.
• It controls Kledaka
kapha. Asthivaha
and medovaha
srotas
उि्त्रोरसो नाड््ौ िातिते अपसतम्िौ नार्,
तत्रिातपू मकोष्ठत्ाकासश्वासाभ््ाां र्च र्र र्् |(सु.शा.६/२६)
303. Contents surrounding the marma:
1) Pulmonary artery and tributories of Pulmonary vein.
2) descending aorta.
3) Drainage to Pectoral group and Trachio-bronchial as well as
Broncho-Pulmonary lymph glands.
4) Vagus nerve and Bronchus.
5) Pectoralis Major and minor muscle and Intercostal muscle.
