1. Frederick II
■ 1211 – Otto of Brunswick invades Sicily
■ 1215 –The Battle of the Bouvines occurs and Frederick is crowned king of theGermans and takes up the cross for the
first time
■ 1218 – Siege of Damietta
■ 1220 – Frederick is crowned the Holy Roman Emperor
■ 1221 – Frederick’s late promise of troops arrive to assist in the 5th Crusade
■ 1221 –The 5th Crusade ends and Pope Honorius III writes a letter to Frederick for not fulfilling his vow
■ 1222 – Frederick’s wife, Constance, dies
■ 1225 – Frederick signs theTreaty of San Germano, marries Isabella, the heir to Jerusalem and declares himself king of
Jerusalem
■ 1226 – Al-Kamil offers Frederick an alliance
■ 1227 – Pope Gregory IX succeeds Honorius III
■ 1227 – Frederick II is supposed to leave for the crusade but does not and is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX
■ 1228 – Isabella dies giving birth to Frederick’s son, Conrad, and Frederick departs for the Holy Lands and leads his
Crusade
■ 1229 – Makes the deal for Jerusalem with Al-Kamil, Frederick enters Jerusalem, and returns home
■ 1239 – Frederick’s treaty withAl-Kamil for Jerusalem expires
■ 1245 – Council of Lyons occurs and charges of heresy are discussed against Frederick
