This study explores the supportive and informational uses of social network sites that facilitate adaptation to transition. This study focuses on the transition to college, a major life event requiring integration into new settings, the negotiation of informational challenges, and the mastery of new roles and identities. Adaptation to transition is a complex process contingent upon the management of stress associated with transition and general integration into the transitional environment.
Social network sites represent a connective infrastructure within personal networks. Because social network sites are inherently connective, they afford a location for provision and receipt of social support during transition, and a site for the acquisition of information necessary for integration into the transitional environment. Drawing on data collected directly from a social network site that describes the networked activity of a freshman class over the course of their first semester at college, from a sample survey of freshmen with 1,198 respondents, and from 15 semi-structured interviews, this research has two primary components.
In the first component of analysis, I explore the structure and dynamics of socio-technical networks during transition. Using exponential random graph modeling, I identify the role and magnitude of preference, socio-demographic, and configuration factors in structuring socio-technical networks during transition. I then use an econometric framework to demonstrate that certain types of information sharing and profile change are associated with socio-technical network growth.
In the second component of analysis, I explore uses of social network sites that facilitate adaptation to transition. Using multiple regression and structural equation modeling, I demonstrate that supportive and social-informational uses of social network sites in transition exert a direct and mediated positive effect on overall adaptation. I then draw on interviews to explore supportive and informational uses of the social network site during transition, finding that social network sites are useful in pre-transition preparation, for social adaptation, and for academic support throughout the transition. Upon evaluation, I demonstrate that a social network site is a useful place to turn for the social and informational support that facilitates adaptation to transition.
These are the slides from my dissertation defense on the National Flood Insurance Program. This presentation was given on March 31, 2014 at the University of Maryland Baltimore County.
A learning disability can hinder everyday tasks and life in general, especially if you grow up knowing you have a LD.
Over the last 25 years The Learning Disabilities Association of New York has been supporting teens and young adults with learning disabilities to transition in to the job world. This presentation outlines how individuals coping with dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia can better understand their condition and work with trained professionals to find the best strategies to find jobs and succeed in the workplace. This presentation shows employers how to accommodate individuals who have learning disabilities, both in the application process and after hiring.
These are the slides from my dissertation defense on the National Flood Insurance Program. This presentation was given on March 31, 2014 at the University of Maryland Baltimore County.
A learning disability can hinder everyday tasks and life in general, especially if you grow up knowing you have a LD.
Over the last 25 years The Learning Disabilities Association of New York has been supporting teens and young adults with learning disabilities to transition in to the job world. This presentation outlines how individuals coping with dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia can better understand their condition and work with trained professionals to find the best strategies to find jobs and succeed in the workplace. This presentation shows employers how to accommodate individuals who have learning disabilities, both in the application process and after hiring.
Great transition book by Martin offering us someway to do business process re-engineering that means a way to change a method or business process dramatically. It sounds good since the ordinary business process only changing at unimportant level. In this chapter martin said that works was appraised by the performance.
Specialized transition programming supported by LDA MB and Employment and Social Development Canada for youth and adults on the attentional spectrum seeking education, training and employment preparation with the goal of securing meaningful long-term employment.
Some more optimistic findings from research about ageing across the world. Talk given by Ken Laidlaw, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, NHS Lothian. Edinburgh City Chambers, 29th January 2009.
Connect2Group Employment Services for People with a Disabilitysklip
Operating in the Bayside area since 1993, Connect2Employment currently provides assistance to 300+ people either looking for work or currently employed in the open labour market.
This year we have secured the only Intellectual / Learning Disability Specialist Contract in South East Queensland.
With four offices Located at Cleveland, Mt Gravatt, Wacol and Buranda, Connect2Employment provides structured and personalised support to find and maintain work in the community
Allilance for Full Participation: Real Jobs: It’s Everyone’s BusinessKaren Flippo
Focus on employment-competitive and inclusive employment for people with disabilities. This webinar took place on September 18, 2009 as an advocacy tool for state team members as a resource at the state level.
Dynamic IT Values and Relationships: A Sociomaterial PerspectiveLeon Dohmen
Management scholars are criticized for ignorance and the wrong approach when studying the impact of technology in organizational life. Impact of technology in this paper is interpreted as IT values created or achieved from equivalent and contingent interaction between human (people) and non-human agents (technology, organization). Researchers and theorists propose to include a sociomaterial perspective and to develop general and broader, empirical based patterns across different contexts. Based on a literature review containing publications of theoretical considerations and empirical research this paper introduces a first general and sociomaterial based overview and taxonomy of IT values and their relations. IT values have a techno-economic or socio-techno orientation, are dynamically entangled and competitive, and complementary or overlapping. IT values are related to time, sponsor and, hierarchy. The identified IT values are ordered into a framework which has to be treated as a starting point to discuss further the definition, dynamics and relations of IT values from a sociomaterial perspective.
Great transition book by Martin offering us someway to do business process re-engineering that means a way to change a method or business process dramatically. It sounds good since the ordinary business process only changing at unimportant level. In this chapter martin said that works was appraised by the performance.
Specialized transition programming supported by LDA MB and Employment and Social Development Canada for youth and adults on the attentional spectrum seeking education, training and employment preparation with the goal of securing meaningful long-term employment.
Some more optimistic findings from research about ageing across the world. Talk given by Ken Laidlaw, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, NHS Lothian. Edinburgh City Chambers, 29th January 2009.
Connect2Group Employment Services for People with a Disabilitysklip
Operating in the Bayside area since 1993, Connect2Employment currently provides assistance to 300+ people either looking for work or currently employed in the open labour market.
This year we have secured the only Intellectual / Learning Disability Specialist Contract in South East Queensland.
With four offices Located at Cleveland, Mt Gravatt, Wacol and Buranda, Connect2Employment provides structured and personalised support to find and maintain work in the community
Allilance for Full Participation: Real Jobs: It’s Everyone’s BusinessKaren Flippo
Focus on employment-competitive and inclusive employment for people with disabilities. This webinar took place on September 18, 2009 as an advocacy tool for state team members as a resource at the state level.
Dynamic IT Values and Relationships: A Sociomaterial PerspectiveLeon Dohmen
Management scholars are criticized for ignorance and the wrong approach when studying the impact of technology in organizational life. Impact of technology in this paper is interpreted as IT values created or achieved from equivalent and contingent interaction between human (people) and non-human agents (technology, organization). Researchers and theorists propose to include a sociomaterial perspective and to develop general and broader, empirical based patterns across different contexts. Based on a literature review containing publications of theoretical considerations and empirical research this paper introduces a first general and sociomaterial based overview and taxonomy of IT values and their relations. IT values have a techno-economic or socio-techno orientation, are dynamically entangled and competitive, and complementary or overlapping. IT values are related to time, sponsor and, hierarchy. The identified IT values are ordered into a framework which has to be treated as a starting point to discuss further the definition, dynamics and relations of IT values from a sociomaterial perspective.
Social network plays a fundamental role as a medium for the spread of INFLUENCE among its members. As part of this research, estimates for influence between individuals were presented.
Learning with me Mate: Analytics of Social Networks in Higher EducationDragan Gasevic
Effects of social interactions are reported in research on higher education to lead to positive outcomes such as higher levels of internalization, sense of community, academic achievement, metacognition, and student retention. The role of social networks has especially been emphasized in research due to the availability of theoretical foundations and analytic methods to investigate their effects in higher education. The increased use of technologies in education allows for the collection of large and rich datasets about social networks which call for the use of novel analytics methods. This talk will first give a brief overview of the existing work on and lessons learned from some well-known studies on social networks in higher education in diverse situations from face-to-face to massive open online courses. The talk will then identify critical challenges that require immediate attention in order for the study of social networks to make a sustainable impact on learning and teaching. The most important take away from the talk will be that
- computational aspects of the study of social networks need to be integrated deeply with theory, research and practice,
- novel methods for the study of critical dimensions (discourse, structure and dynamics) that shape network formation and network effects are necessary, and
- innovative instructional approaches are essential to address the changing conditions created by contemporary educational and technological contexts.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Https://javacoffeeiq.com
Alex Pentland puts it in his productivity study, “fewer memos, more coffee breaks” increases productivity via socialisation and collaboration among staff members.
Review on Identify Kin Relationship Technique in ImageIJERA Editor
In this paper work Kin relationships are traditionally defined as ties based on blood . Kinship include lineal generational bonds like children, parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents, collateral bonds such as siblings, cousins, nieces and nephews, and aunts and uncles, and ties with in-laws. An often-made distinction is that between primary kin members of the families of origin and procreation and secondary kin other family members. The former refer to as “immediate family,” and the latter are generally labelled “extended family.” Marriage, as a principle of kinship, differs from blood in that it can be terminated. Here Proposing the technique to identify Kin relationship System or Kinship model by using face recognition technique splitting the face into subsets like forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, and cheek areas constitute through Gabor Features on available Real time Database. Given the potential for marital break-up, blood is recognized as the more important principle of kinship.
Similar to Fred Stutzman Dissertation Defense (20)
Identifying Social Capital in the Facebook InterfaceFred Stutzman
A number of studies have identified a robust relationship between the use of social network sites, particularly Facebook, and positive outcomes such as social capital. Social network site use is often measured as a function of use frequency, network size, and a range of subjective opinions about the value of the site. This research extends this understanding by exploring the relationship between the use of particular elements of the site and social capital. Our goal in this research is to identify where, in the interface, perceived social capital is most effectively produced and transmitted. We find that, as hypothesized, public, person-to-person communication is positively associated with perceived social capital. Through the use of a structural equation model, we are able to provide in-depth exploration of the relationship between the interface elements and the outcome, perceived social capital.
A talk I gave to the RENCI National Weather Service Technology Summit. The talk looks at how we construct conversation about weather, and how social technologies can improve our experience of weather data.
The Supportive Behaviors of Older Social Network Site UsersFred Stutzman
Fred Stutzman, Valeda Stull, Cheryl Thompson
This paper outlines a new multi-wave study of older adult users of social network sites. The goal of the study is to develop a grounded understanding of the phenomenon of older user social network site adoption, to identify and investigate ways in which the social network site facilitates access to supportive resources, and to evaluate the outcomes of access to supportive resources in social network sites. The paper draws on a preliminary analysis of 15 semi- structured interviews with older, late-adopting social network site users to present emergent themes. Reconnection is identified as a salient use motivator among older users of social network sites. We then explore the social network sites as a location of social support for older users; Emotional and informational support are readily provisioned on social network sites, whereas instrumental support is not commonly requested or provisioned. The role of cross- contextual disclosure and technological alternatives are briefly explored as potential explanatory variables.
Fred Stutzman and Woodrow Hartzog, UNC-Chapel Hill
This research explore the creations and use of multiple profiles on a social media site as a communication boundary regulation mechanism. Utilizing grounded methods to analyze twenty theoretically-derived, semi-structured interviews, we identified three methods of boundary regulation: Two or more profiles on one site, use of privacy mechanisms to create functionally different audience zones, and the use of different social media tools for different audiences. Three types of boundary regulation in social media were identified. The first type, pseudonymity, was comprised of individuals who kept their identities private and unlinked. Practical obscurity, the second type, covered a majority of individuals studied. Individuals who utilize practical obscurity did not necessarily engage in concealment of identity, but they did not actively link between identities. Finally, those utilizing transparent separations created multiple, interlined identities largely for utility purposes. Our analysis of boundary regulation behavior identified four motives: Privacy, identity, utility and propriety. We hypothesize that individual motivational emphasis may predict the type of boundary regulation adopted. Finally, we evaluate boundary regulation for self-reported measures of efficacy and burden. We find mixed results; Level of technical skill or understanding may mediate efficacy, and size of friend network may mediate perceptions of burden.
2. Outline of the Talk
Networked Information Behavior in Life Transition
Introduction Motivation and theoretical framework
and review Research questions and hypotheses
Network Factors of association in transitional networks
dynamics Competing panel models of network growth
Sample survey exploring relationship between SNS use
Support during
transition
and adaptation to transition
Semi-structured interviews exploring SNS info. behavior
Conclusions and Identification of limitations and conclusions
limitations Future directions for research
Page 2
3. Acknowledgements
Dr. Gary Marchionini, advisor
Dr. Deborah Barreau, committee member
Dr. danah boyd, committee member
Dr. Sri Kalyanaraman, committee member
Paul Jones, MFA, committee member
Chelcy Boyer Stutzman, MSLS, invaluable
Page 3
4. Motivation
Social technology as a critical aid in
my life transitions
Transitions as a cause of
information need
Social technology as a critical tool
in addressing transitional
information needs
Observation of the networked
information behavior of a
transitional population
Page 4
5. Theoretical Framework
Socio-
Informational
Integration Processes
Into Trans.
Environment Development
Adaptation to
Transition of Support
Network
Management
of Stress
Access to
Social
Support
e.g. Ashforth, 2001; Cohen & Wills, 1985;
Cowan, 1991; Ebaugh, 1988; Ensel & Lin, 1991
Page 5
6. Research Theme
This research explores two overarching questions
What factors influence the dynamics of
socio-technical networks during
transition?
Does the use of a social network site
for information and support seeking
during transition increase adaptation?
Page 6
7. Research Questions
Four primary questions, employing three data sets
What factors are associated with the structure of
1 transitional socio-technical networks?
What factors are associated with the growth of
2 transitional socio-technical networks?
Does SNS use during transition increase adaptation to
3 transition?
How are SNS integrated into everyday life information
4 seeking during transition?
Page 7
8. Research Question 1
Factors of association in transitional networks
What are the graph dynamics of a transitional socio-
technical network?
- e.g. Morris, 1998; Wasserman & Faust, 1994
What common factors are associated with the production
of ties in a transitional socio-technical network?
- e.g. Blau, 1977; McPherson & Ranger-Moore, 1991; McPherson, Smith-
Lovin & Cook, 2001
Do the strength of the associative factors change over
time?
Page 8
9. Theoretical Framework
Socio-
Informational
Integration Processes
Into Trans.
Environment Development
Adaptation to
Transition of Support
Network
Management
of Stress
Access to
Social
Support
e.g. Ashforth, 2001; Cohen & Wills, 1985;
Cowan, 1991; Ebaugh, 1988; Ensel & Lin, 1991
Page 9
10. Research Question 1
Factors of association in transitional networks
Data set
- Facebook profiles, UNC Network
- Collected 8/30/05-12/27/05
- Facebook and IRB approval
Page 10
11. Research Question 1
Finding 1: What are the graph dynamics of a
transitional socio-technical network?
Page 11
12. Research Question 1
Finding 2: What factors are associated with the
production of ties in a transitional network?
Theoretical Foundation Analytical Approach Findings
Preference factors Exponential random Preference factors are
Political views graph modeling (ERGM) strongly predictive in early
Compares observed transition (+).
Academic major
network to Erdos-Renyi Socio-Demographic
Socio-Demographic random graph with factors are mixed. NC
factors Markov chain monte carlo residency (+) and gender
Gender simulation (MCMC) (-) strongly predictive,
Produces pseudo- interested in (+) is weakly
“Interested in” predictive.
likelihood estimates of the
NC residency probability of a tie Configuration factors
Configuration factors Can be interpreted as a are mixed. Residence
Residence hall logit coefficient, and as hall is strongly predictive
odds ratio when eb (+), rel. status weakly (+)
Relationship status predictive.
Page 12
13. Research Question 1
Finding 2: What factors are associated with the
production of ties in a transitional network?
Gender Major
Page 13
14. Research Question 1
Finding 3: Do the strength of the associative
factors change over time?
Multiple ERGM Solution
Preference factors are
strongly predictive in early
transition, decreasing
over the semester.
Socio-Demographic
factors are mixed. NC
residency decreases,
gender plateaus early,
and interested in
increases.
Configuration factors
are mixed. Residence
hall is strongly predictive,
rel. status decreases.
Page 14
15. Research Question 2
Factors associated with growth of transitional networks
What profile elements are significantly associated with
network size, and at what magnitude
- Panel replication of Lampe, Ellison & Steinfield, 2007
- Novel panel model with dynamic predictor
Does dorm placement exert a significant and robust
effect on growth trajectories of socio-technical networks
in transition?
- Data set is the freshman Facebook set employed in RQ 1 (in
derivative form)
- Estimated with multi-level regression analyses
Page 15
16. Theoretical Framework
Socio-
Informational
Integration Processes
Into Trans.
Environment Development
Adaptation to
Transition of Support
Network
Management
of Stress
Access to
Social
Support
e.g. Ashforth, 2001; Cohen & Wills, 1985;
Cowan, 1991; Ebaugh, 1988; Ensel & Lin, 1991
Page 16
19. Research Question 2
Control variables standard between novel and multi-
level models
Control Variables
Last Update
Length of Membership
Number of Groups
Friends at External
Schools
Gender
Out of State Status
Page 19
20. Research Question 2
Indepdendent Variables
Lampe Replication Novel Model Multi-Level Model
Predictors: Predictors: Predictors:
Referents Index Referents Index Referents Index
Interests Index Interests Index Interests Index
Contact Index Contact Index Contact Index
Estimator: Change Index Change Index
Arellano-Bond Estimator: Estimator:
with network Arellano-Bond Multi-level model
autoregressor with network with network
autoregressor size lagged
Page 20
21. Research Question 2
Panel Trajectories of Independent Variables
Independent Variables
Contact Index
Referents Index
Interests Index
Change Index
Interests
Music
Books
Movies
Page 21
22. Research Question 2
Findings 1 and 2: Model Results
Variable Lampe Novel Multi-Level
Lagged UNC Friends 0.689 0.644 0.624
Gender 0.0255 0.0156 0.0158
Last Update -0.000755 -0.000643 -0.000492
Membership Length 0.00117 0.000755 0.00113
Contact Index 0.00884 0.0105 -0.00141
Referents Index 0.0197 0.0110 0.0182
Interest Index 0.0383 0.0279 0.0407
Number of Groups 0.00282 0.00234
Out of State -0.00634 -0.0198
External Friends 0.00105 0.000878
Change Index 0.000444 0.000444
Constant (N) 1.181 (43,488) 1.257 (41,104) 1.311 (42,742)
Bold significant at p < .05
Page 22
24. Research Question 3
Does SNS use during transition increase adaptation to transition?
Do supportive and socio-informational uses of SNS
increase experienced social support?
- Multiple regression models with robust errors
Do supportive and socio-informational uses of SNS
increase adaptation to college?
- Multiple regression models with robust errors
Do supportive and socio-informational uses of SNS
increase social support, leading to greater adaptation?
- Structural equation model
Page 24
25. Theoretical Framework
Socio-
Informational
Integration Processes
Into Trans.
Environment Development
Adaptation to
Transition of Support
Network
Management
of Stress
Access to
Social
Support
e.g. Ashforth, 2001; Cohen & Wills, 1985;
Cowan, 1991; Ebaugh, 1988; Ensel & Lin, 1991
Page 25
26. Research Question 3
Does SNS use during transition increase adaptation to transition?
First predictive model:
supportive and social- Simultaneous
informational SNS use evaluation with
Describe survey, and “social” structural equation
solicitation, and adaptation to college model
response
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
Validation model: Second predictive
supportive and social- model: supportive and
informational SNS use social-informational
and received social SNS use and “general”
support adaptation to college
Page 26
27. Research Question 3
Survey framework
Researcher developed original scales to
measure supportive (SNS-S) and socio-
informational (SNS-SIP) uses of SNS
Scale Pilot study for scale quality
Development
All members of 2009 UNC Freshman
class invited to survey
Incentive: iPod touch, 30 gift cards
Survey Solicitation 30.57% Response (RR2), n=1,198
Descriptive statistics: Facebook use,
privacy, activity
Analysis Multivariate models
Page 27
28. Research Question 3
Variables Employed in Regression Analysis
Predictors Controls Outcome
Predictors: Individual: Gender, Social Support:
1. Social network NC residency, stress Barrera’s Index of
site socio- (CES-D, PSS) Sosically
informational Environmental: Ssupportive
processes (SNS- Roommate and Behaviors (ISSB)
SIP) scale hallmate quality, Adaptation to
α = .8948 Facebook efficacy college: Baker and
Support: Local and Siryk’s Student
2. Social network Facebook network Adaptation to
site support (SNS-S) size College Question-
scale α = .8900 naire (SACQ)
Page 28
29. Research Question 3
Finding 1: Relationship between SNS, Support, and Adaptation
Validation Model: Socio-Informational and supportive uses
of SNS increase social support
First Predictive Model: Supportive uses (SNS-S) of SNS
increase social adaptation to college
- Informational uses (sub-factors) of SNS-SIP, SNS-S increase social
adaptation to college
Second Predictive Model: Supportive uses (SNS-S) of SNS
increase general adaptation to college
- Network uses (sub-factors) of SNS-SIP increase social adaptation to
college, role uses decrease social adaptation
Page 29
31. Research Question 3
Finding 2: SEM model of SNS, Support, and Adaptation
RMSEA: 0.056, CFI: 0.799, TLI: 0.7990
Page 31
32. Research Question 4
How are SNS integrated into everyday life information seeking during
transition?
Qualitative analysis of SNS use in transition
Study outline
- Semi-structured interviews
- 15 interviews, approx one hour each
- Nine females and six males, snowball sampling
Analysis
- Interviews transcribed verbatim, analyzed in Atlas.Ti
- Grounded analysis: Open coding, refinement, axial coding,
identification of theme; inductive and deductive analysis
Page 32
33. Theoretical Framework
Socio-
Informational
Integration Processes
Into Trans.
Environment Development
Adaptation to
Transition of Support
Network
Management
of Stress
Access to
Social
Support
e.g. Ashforth, 2001; Cohen & Wills, 1985;
Cowan, 1991; Ebaugh, 1988; Ensel & Lin, 1991
Page 33
34. Research Question 4
How are SNS integrated into everyday life information seeking during
transition?
Page 34
35. Research Question 4
Finding 1: SNS and everyday life information behavior
Theme 1: Pre-transitional uses of Facebook
- The “Virtual Visit:” Browsing the pictures and profiles of
currently-enrolled students in order to get a realistic picture
of what campus life is like
- Informing: Student uses Facebook to address questions of
relevance to the transition
- Local cohort, organizational information, local information,
academic information, new peers
- Connection: Pre-population of the network in anticipation of
the transition
Page 35
36. Research Question 4
Finding 2: SNS and everyday life information behavior
Theme 2: Use of Facebook for Social Adaptation
- Facebook and “Friending:” Facebook as a critical part of
freshman “friending” processes.
- Social Information: Facebook was a place to turn to find out
more about the people met during transition
- Coordinating social activities: Facebook facilitates the
coordination of the social life
- Coordinating outings
- Filtering and choosing
- Social awareness
Page 36
37. Research Question 4
Finding 3: SNS and everyday life information behavior
Theme 3: Use of Facebook for Academic Adaptation
- Preparatory Uses: Students were commonly able to use
Facebook to address questions about academic success during
their transition
- Coordinating Supportive Action: A primary use of events was
to organize study and group sessions.
- Norms emerge that support separate academic and social uses
of Facebook
- Negative Case: Facebook and Time Management: Facebook
is widely perceived as a persistent distraction
Page 37
38. Review: Research Questions
Four primary questions, employing three data sets
What factors are associated with the structure of
1 transitional socio-technical networks?
What factors are associated with the growth of
2 transitional socio-technical networks?
Does SNS use during transition increase adaptation to
3 transition?
How are SNS integrated into everyday life information
4 seeking during transition?
Page 38
39. Limitations
Limitations of the study
- Results are not generalizable outside of the study’s population
- The quantitative analysis is associational in nature
- Match between scales and latent construct may be able to be
improved
- Model purification (SEM)
- Correspondence between virtual and real-world networks
- Primary data sets come from two separate populations
- Survey and semi-structured interviews draw on self-reported data
Page 39
40. Contributions
Contributions of the study
- Descriptive analysis of the structural dynamics of a transitional
cohort
- Update of the highly-regarded Lampe et al. study of Facebook
network growth with panel data
- Development of two new constructs to measure specific uses of
social network sites during transition
- Identification of the relationship between SNS use, social support,
and adaptation to transition
- Identification of important everyday uses of SNS during transition
(semi-structured interviews)
Page 40
41. Implications and Future Directions
Next steps
Implications
- “Situational Relevance” of SNS in transition – the SNS is a place where we
can answer information needs in times of life change.
- Versatile – addresses a range of needs
- Network structure of participation creates an information rich space
- Identity sharing promotes positive participation
- Facebook, in particular, has positive norms of disclosure that facilitate transmission of
important information
- Sites address “social motives” – we get something when we participate
- SNS has flexible infrastructure supporting ad-hoc collaboration
- Systems should identify and adapt to transitions
- Characteristics of networks make them identifiable
- Sites could adapt to information needs during transitional period
Page 41
42. Implications and Future Directions
Next steps
Implications
- Facilitating interaction during transition
- For sites to be useful, we must find each other in transition
- Organizations can foster social practice to overcome technological limitation
- The negotiation of shared identifiers in an evolving space will continue to pose
challenges for those wishing to take advantage of SNS during transition
Future Research
- Explore new transitions: organizational, military-to-civilian life
- Design systems that intelligently adapt to transition
- Design systems and practice that encourage ad-hoc collaboration to address
information needs, particularly those of repressed individuals within
organizational hierarchy (whistleblowers, organizers)
Page 42
44. References
Ashforth, B. E. (2001). Role Transitions in Organizational Life: An Identity-Based
Perspective. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Baker, R. W. and Siryk, B. (1989). Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire. Los
Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
Cohen, S. and Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, Social Support, and the Buffering Hypothesis.
Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310--357.
Cowan, P. A. and Hetherington, M. (1991). Family Transitions. New York: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.
Ebaugh, H. R. F. (1988). Becoming an Ex: The Process of Role Exit. Chicago, Illinois:
University of Chicago Press.
Lampe, C., Ellison, N. B., and Steinfield, C. (2007). A Familiar Face (Book): Profile
Elements as Signals in an Online Social Network. In CHI '07: Proceedings of the SIGCHI
Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York, NY, USA, 2007 (pp.
435--444). ACM.
Page 44