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V5: Coordination and Change Project

Framing institutions and policies as processes

CPWF Volta Science Week
Ouagadougou
3-5 July 2012

Jean-Philippe Venot, IWMI
Objective and Approach
The focus is on HOW and WHY research and policies are framed rather
than on WHAT they entail

3 main research questions:
• Why do particular policy and intervention models related to
agricultural water management emerge, persist and change?
• Whose knowledge is included in the policy process and how?

• What are the politics of research and policy making in the
agricultural water management sector in the Volta Basin?

Is CPWF doing something different and how?
Different steps
Diagnosis

Characterization

Analysis

Defining “boundaries”
Ideology and Discourse
National priorities/strategies
Actor’s identification
Roles/responsibilities
Actors’ network
Characterize relationships
Explicit Worldviews

Legitimacy/accountability
Research Trajectory
Where are we: topic of study
Diagnosis
Defining “boundaries”

• SWC (V2)
• Small reservoirs (V3)
• IWRM (V4)
Where are we: Discourses
Diagnosis
Defining “boundaries”

Ideology and Discourse

Discourses are important because they contribute to
establishing what is ‘true’ and what ‘should’ happen.
Little change since the 1970s
CPWF appropriate the same

Demography

High population growth
High poverty rate, especially in rural areas
Growing demand for food

Climate/Water

Rainfall unreliability + extreme events (droughts/floods)
Available but little developed water resources

Agricultural system

Importance and low productivity of rainfed agricultural systems
Vulnerability to limited water stress
Low yield and technical potential for improvement

Environment

Soil erosion and degradation/low soil fertility
Resilience and adaptation

Socio-economic context

Economic importance of agricultural sector
Securing land tenure
Efficiency
Where are we: priorities/strategies
Diagnosis
Defining “boundaries”

Ideology and Discourse
National priorities/strategies

Early wins/best bets versus diffuse results

• Infrastructure investment in drinking water and sanitation
• Productive agricultural investments
• “Growth pole” (i.e. Bagre in Burkina Faso)
• Large public irrigation systems
• Modernization/export-crops (pineapple, cocoa, etc.)
• Inter-sectoral linkages in Burkina Faso (with the PNSR)
• Small scale agricultural water management
• BF: On the public agenda but ‘constraints’ on individuals
• GH: Not really on the agenda but less constraint on the individuals
Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF)

Roles/responsibilities

Administration
Regional representative
‘District’ representative
‘Users’ representative

National

Actor’s identification

River basin

Characterization

BURKINA FASO
Consultative role
Central role of the DGRE in
facilitating the group

Planning role
Central role of the NT in
facilitating the group

Traditional authorities

CLE

Civil society
Not active

Research and education

• What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
• Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
Different steps: IWRM Actors (GH)

Roles/responsibilities
Woman representative
Administration
Regional representative
‘District’ representative
‘Users’ representative

National

Actor’s identification

Planning role
Central role of administration
Absence of MoFA

River basin

Characterization

GHANA

Planning role
Central role of the basin officer

Civil society
Traditional authorities
Research and education

• What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
• Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF)
Characterization
Actor’s identification
Roles/responsibilities
Legitimacy/accountability

How do people come into assuming responsabilities?

• In Burkina Faso, strong involvement of private consultants (former civil
servants) in policy framing (consultance)
• Multi-level interactions follow sectoral hierarchical lines
• Lack of linkage between ‘water-institutions’ and agricultural socioprofessional groups
• Challenges faced in terms of participation and representativity of users
Why small reservoirs continue to exist
Discourse coalition
Interpretative community

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Framing institutions and policies as processes (V5)

  • 1. V5: Coordination and Change Project Framing institutions and policies as processes CPWF Volta Science Week Ouagadougou 3-5 July 2012 Jean-Philippe Venot, IWMI
  • 2. Objective and Approach The focus is on HOW and WHY research and policies are framed rather than on WHAT they entail 3 main research questions: • Why do particular policy and intervention models related to agricultural water management emerge, persist and change? • Whose knowledge is included in the policy process and how? • What are the politics of research and policy making in the agricultural water management sector in the Volta Basin? Is CPWF doing something different and how?
  • 3. Different steps Diagnosis Characterization Analysis Defining “boundaries” Ideology and Discourse National priorities/strategies Actor’s identification Roles/responsibilities Actors’ network Characterize relationships Explicit Worldviews Legitimacy/accountability Research Trajectory
  • 4. Where are we: topic of study Diagnosis Defining “boundaries” • SWC (V2) • Small reservoirs (V3) • IWRM (V4)
  • 5. Where are we: Discourses Diagnosis Defining “boundaries” Ideology and Discourse Discourses are important because they contribute to establishing what is ‘true’ and what ‘should’ happen. Little change since the 1970s CPWF appropriate the same Demography High population growth High poverty rate, especially in rural areas Growing demand for food Climate/Water Rainfall unreliability + extreme events (droughts/floods) Available but little developed water resources Agricultural system Importance and low productivity of rainfed agricultural systems Vulnerability to limited water stress Low yield and technical potential for improvement Environment Soil erosion and degradation/low soil fertility Resilience and adaptation Socio-economic context Economic importance of agricultural sector Securing land tenure Efficiency
  • 6. Where are we: priorities/strategies Diagnosis Defining “boundaries” Ideology and Discourse National priorities/strategies Early wins/best bets versus diffuse results • Infrastructure investment in drinking water and sanitation • Productive agricultural investments • “Growth pole” (i.e. Bagre in Burkina Faso) • Large public irrigation systems • Modernization/export-crops (pineapple, cocoa, etc.) • Inter-sectoral linkages in Burkina Faso (with the PNSR) • Small scale agricultural water management • BF: On the public agenda but ‘constraints’ on individuals • GH: Not really on the agenda but less constraint on the individuals
  • 7. Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF) Roles/responsibilities Administration Regional representative ‘District’ representative ‘Users’ representative National Actor’s identification River basin Characterization BURKINA FASO Consultative role Central role of the DGRE in facilitating the group Planning role Central role of the NT in facilitating the group Traditional authorities CLE Civil society Not active Research and education • What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs? • Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
  • 8. Different steps: IWRM Actors (GH) Roles/responsibilities Woman representative Administration Regional representative ‘District’ representative ‘Users’ representative National Actor’s identification Planning role Central role of administration Absence of MoFA River basin Characterization GHANA Planning role Central role of the basin officer Civil society Traditional authorities Research and education • What roles for these actors in SWC/Small reservoirs? • Which other actors in SWC/Small reservoirs?
  • 9. Different steps: IWRM Actors (BF) Characterization Actor’s identification Roles/responsibilities Legitimacy/accountability How do people come into assuming responsabilities? • In Burkina Faso, strong involvement of private consultants (former civil servants) in policy framing (consultance) • Multi-level interactions follow sectoral hierarchical lines • Lack of linkage between ‘water-institutions’ and agricultural socioprofessional groups • Challenges faced in terms of participation and representativity of users
  • 10. Why small reservoirs continue to exist Discourse coalition Interpretative community