This document outlines the framework and process for project management. It discusses the key stages in a project cycle including situation analysis, priority appraisal, strategy formulation, goal and objective setting, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. For each stage, it provides questions to consider. It then describes the steps to conduct a thorough situation analysis: identify the problem, develop a problem statement and vision, conduct a desk review of existing literature, and collect additional data through stakeholder engagement. The outcome of a situation analysis is a clear understanding of the current situation and a shared vision for the desired outcome of the project.

1. FRAMEWORK FOR
TLA PROJECT
BY JOHN IBEBUNJO

2. A General Framework /Concept of a Programme
PROBLEM OR NEED
PLANNING
INTERVENTION
A PLAN
PROJECT
INPUT
PROCESS
PERFORMANCE
OUTCOME
STAKEHOLDERS
A BUDGET
OUTPUT
IMPACT
MONITORING
EVALUATION
PROGRAMME
3-M RESOURCES
SERVICES
ACTIVITY
TASKS
MAN
MATERIAL
MONEY
AUDIT
ANALYSIS
STRATEGY
RESULT
EFFECT

3. STAGES OF PROGRAM MANAGEMENT CYCLE
• SituationAnalysis or problem analysis
• Priority Appraisal
• Strategy formulation
• Goal setting
• Objective setting
• Action/activity planning
• Budgeting
• Action implementation
• Monitoring – Supervision, Data Analysis & Review meetings
• Evaluation

4. QUESTIONSTO ASK AT EACH STAGE OF
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT CYCLE
• Situation Analysis – Where are we now?
• Priority Appraisal – Which is most important?Which is most urgent?Which is the most important and most urgent?Which
problem can we solve now?
• Strategy formulation – How do we best solve the problem at minimal costs?
• Goal setting – Where are we going?
• Objective setting – How far do we want to go?
• Strategy – How do we get there?
• Activity – What do we do now?
• Implementation –How do we do it and do it well?
• Monitoring – Are we doing it well? Are we still on the way?
• Evaluation – Have we got there? Have we arrived at our destination? At what costs?

5. HOWTO CONDUCT A SITUATION ANALYSIS:
STEP 1
• IDENTIFYTHE PROBLEM
• THE SEVERITY (MAGNITUDE, SIZE)
• THE CAUSES (ASK WHY, USING A PROBLEM TREE ANALYSIS)
• THE PEOPLE AFFECTED BY THE PROBLEM
• POTENTIAL TARGETS (AUDIENCES)
• THE BROAD CONTEXT INWHICH THE PROBLEM EXISTS
• FACTORS INHIBITING OR FASCILITATING BEHAVIOR

6. • DEVELOP A PROBLEM STATEMENT
• FOCUS ON ONE PROBLEM AT A TIME – PRIORITIZE
• E.g. of a Problem statement:
• “There is a high amount of low income jobs among graduates in Dutse
District.”
• There is a high unmet need for family planning among newly married
couples in Gwarimpa District
HOWTO CONDUCT A SITUATION ANALYSIS:
STEP 2

7. • DRAFT A SHAREDVISION
• AVISION provides the picture of what the situation will look like when your
intervention is completed successfully.
• TheVision will encapsulate the outcome of your intervention by stating what your
program hopes to influence.
• A good vision should be:
• Ambitious – go beyond what is possible in the immediate
• Inspiring & Motivating – call to mind a powerful image that triggers emotions and
excitement
• Look at the BIG picture – Give everyone a larger sense of purpose
HOWTO CONDUCT A SITUATION ANALYSIS:
STEP 3

8. • CONDUCT A DESK REVIEW
• Review the problem statement and vision statement and break them down into concepts.
• Develop a list of key words related to the concepts (use these key words as search
terms to find any literature in that particular area)
• A good vision should be:
• Ambitious – go beyond what is possible in the immediate
• Inspiring & Motivating – call to mind a powerful image that triggers emotions and
excitement
• Look at the BIG picture – Give everyone a larger sense of purpose
HOWTO CONDUCT A SITUATION ANALYSIS:
STEP 4

9. DURINGTHE DATA COLLECTION PROCESS
• How do you engage stakeholders; opinion leaders, service providers, policy makers,
partners, and potential beneficiaries.
• To get their input; Use
• In-depth Interviews
• Focus Group Discussions (FGD)
• Community dialogue
• Small group meetings
• Taskforce engagement
• Participatory Stakeholder workshops

10. OUTCOME OF CONDUCTING A
SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
• YOUWILL……
• Know theVISION of the Program (Intervention) you want to introduce
• Understand the current situation (magnitude of the problem)
• Understand the broad context in which the problem exists

11. WHATTO PAY ATTENTIONTOWHEN CARRYING
A SITUATION ANALYSIS (E.G. HEALTH ISSUE)
• High levels of Mortality and Morbidity
• The levels of Prevalence or Incidence
• Segments of the Population that are most heavily impacted by the issue
• The existing priorities of the government
• The donor landscape