Fractions represent parts of a whole. The document defines fractions such as halves, thirds, and fourths by showing examples of wholes divided into equal parts. It explains that the numerator represents the number of parts being considered and the denominator represents the total number of equal parts the whole was divided into. Different types of fractions are also defined, including proper fractions where the numerator is less than the denominator, improper fractions where the numerator is greater than the denominator, and mixed numbers that combine a whole number and a fraction.

1. What
are
fractions?

3. The following figures are divided into
two equal parts.
When a whole is divided into two equal parts,
Two halves make a whole.
1
2
One half is written as
each part is called half of the whole.
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
whole whole

4. The following figures are divided into
three equal parts.
When a whole is divided into three equal parts,
1
3
One third is written as
each part is called one third of the whole.
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3

5. When a whole is divided into four equal parts,
1
4
One fourth is written as
each part is called one fourth of the whole.
The following figures are divided into
four equal parts.
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4

6. Look at the figure given below:
2
3
The fraction for the shaded part is
It has 3 equal parts.
2 parts are shaded.
It is read as two third.
3
4
The fraction for the shaded part is
It has 4 equal parts.
3 parts are shaded.
It is read as three fourth.

7. What fraction do the colored portions in each of the
following show?
2
5
3
4
1
4
2
3

8. Match the following fractions to the figures.
5
9
2
8
1
5
6
7
2
6
4
6
5
9
2
8
1
5
6
7
2
6
4
6
1 2 3
4 5 6

9. HALF
QUARTER
(ONE FOURTH)
THREE QUARTERS
(THREE FOURTH)
ONE THIRD
WHOLE 1
1
2
1
3
3
4
1
4
TWO THIRD 2
3
Back

10. Parts of Fractions
…numerator and
denominator

11. PARTS OF A WHOLE ARE CALLED
FRACTIONS.
e.g.
1
2
Parts considered
Total number of
equal parts
NUMERATOR
DENOMINATOR
FRACTION
NUMERATOR
DENOMINATOR
=

12. 3
8
3
8
Remember :
Letter‘u’ is in the word ‘numerator’ and
the word ‘ up’ .
Remember :
Letter ‘d’ starts the word
denominator’ and the word ‘down’ .
So, in the fraction , 3 is the numerator.
3
8
So, in the fraction , 8 is the denominator.
3
8

13. Write the fraction for the numerator
and denominator given below.
Numerator Denominator Fraction
1
5
4
7
3
4
5
8
1
5
4
7
3
4
5
8
1
5
4
7
3
4
5
8
1
5
4
7
3
4
5
8
1
5
4
7
3
4
5
8

14. Write the fraction for the shaded part.
Numerator
Denominator
Fraction
Numerator
Denominator
Fraction
5
5
8
5
10
5
8
10
(shaded parts) (shaded parts)
(total parts) (total parts)

15. Kinds of
Fractions

16. Kinds of Fractions:
1. Proper Fraction
2. Improper Fraction
3. Mixed Fraction

17. 2
7
3
5
1
4
4
9
etc.
Fractions where the numerator is less than
the denominator are called
proper fractions.
e.g.

18. 4
3
7
2
9
4
8
7
etc.
Fractions where the numerator is greater
than the denominator are called
improper fractions.
e.g.

19. 100
100
27
27
4
4
8
8
etc.
The numerator is equal to its
denominator.
These fractions are equal to 1.
These are also called improper
fractions.
e.g.

20. Mixed
numbers

21. Mixed numbers include a
whole number and a fraction written
together.
=
+
(whole number) (fraction) (mixed number)
+ =