This document discusses the challenges facing global agriculture and smallholder farmers. It notes that agriculture is increasingly important given threats to global food supply, but productivity has stagnated. Smallholder agriculture remains the dominant form worldwide and is key to reducing poverty. New opportunities exist through market-driven development that organizes smallholders along value chains. Public-private partnerships that bridge viability gaps can attract private sector investment in smallholder agriculture by creating new markets and demonstrating creditworthiness of smallholder farmers.
Food Insecurity & Opportunities in OIC CountriesDinarStandard
State of food security across the 57 member OIC countries; Key drivers of food crisis; A unique OIC-wide food and agriculture cluster approach that identifies opportunities for sustainable growth and investments.
Vivus has developed a mobile-based sales system that enables women vendors in urban centers to crowd-purchase food staples from temporary wholesale markets. Through their m-sales solution, Vivus helps address food security challenges in African countries by connecting smallholder farmers directly to vendors. They aim to facilitate the yearly collection of at least 5% of crops in Ghana within 5 years and expand their model to other African countries by 2017.
AECF provides funding and support to businesses in the agriculture, renewable energy, and climate sectors in Africa to promote sustainable development. It has invested in 268 small businesses across 26 countries, leveraging $750 million in private sector funding. AECF focuses on supporting youth, businesses in fragile areas, and women-owned enterprises. Its work contributes to ending poverty and hunger, achieving gender equality, increasing access to energy, and combating climate change by improving incomes, food security, jobs, and climate-smart technologies.
This document discusses the challenges facing Kerala's agriculture sector from globalization and trade liberalization, and provides recommendations to manage this transition. The key challenges identified are demographic changes, technological advances, ecological impacts, economic pressures from trade agreements, ethical issues around intellectual property rights, and ensuring social and gender equity. The recommendations are categorized as immediate actions, short-medium term plans, and long term institutional reforms. Specific recommendations include developing a "Livelihood Security Box" in trade negotiations to protect jobs, removing non-tariff barriers to market access, revising intellectual property rules, and providing assured markets for farmers.
This document outlines the key points about foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indian agriculture. It begins by defining FDI and outlining India's policies that allow 100% FDI in certain agriculture sectors like horticulture and food processing. The document then discusses the potential pros of FDI for Indian farmers, like increased incomes, technology upgrades, and improved supply chains. However, it also notes the cons, such as reduced farm prices and potential farmer suicides. The document analyzes the different impacts of FDI on small vs. large farmers and presents a TOWS matrix to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It concludes by arguing that FDI could have positive prospects for farmers if implemented properly.
The Brussels Development Briefing n. 57 on “Investing in smallholder agriculture for food security and nutrition” organised by CTA, the European Commission/EuropeAid and the ACP Secretariat was held on Wednesday 11th September 2019, 9h00-13h00 at the ACP Secretariat, Avenue Georges Henri 451, 1200 Brussels, Room C. The Briefing discussed smallholder agriculture and its key role in delivering food security/nutrition, and sustainable food systems, as recognised in SDG 2.
This document outlines steps for analyzing and addressing a social problem or situation: 1) Identify the situation, 2) Collect information from multiple perspectives, 3) Reflect on what is concerning and why, 4) Ask questions to understand the history, decisions, groups and values involved, 5) Work to understand the full situation, and 6) Strategize and plan ways to resolve the problem based on the understanding developed. It then provides a detailed analysis of the situation of smallholder farmers in the Philippines, identifying factors that prevent them from achieving their potential, such as market inefficiencies and lack of investment, and makes recommendations.
Food Insecurity & Opportunities in OIC CountriesDinarStandard
State of food security across the 57 member OIC countries; Key drivers of food crisis; A unique OIC-wide food and agriculture cluster approach that identifies opportunities for sustainable growth and investments.
Vivus has developed a mobile-based sales system that enables women vendors in urban centers to crowd-purchase food staples from temporary wholesale markets. Through their m-sales solution, Vivus helps address food security challenges in African countries by connecting smallholder farmers directly to vendors. They aim to facilitate the yearly collection of at least 5% of crops in Ghana within 5 years and expand their model to other African countries by 2017.
AECF provides funding and support to businesses in the agriculture, renewable energy, and climate sectors in Africa to promote sustainable development. It has invested in 268 small businesses across 26 countries, leveraging $750 million in private sector funding. AECF focuses on supporting youth, businesses in fragile areas, and women-owned enterprises. Its work contributes to ending poverty and hunger, achieving gender equality, increasing access to energy, and combating climate change by improving incomes, food security, jobs, and climate-smart technologies.
This document discusses the challenges facing Kerala's agriculture sector from globalization and trade liberalization, and provides recommendations to manage this transition. The key challenges identified are demographic changes, technological advances, ecological impacts, economic pressures from trade agreements, ethical issues around intellectual property rights, and ensuring social and gender equity. The recommendations are categorized as immediate actions, short-medium term plans, and long term institutional reforms. Specific recommendations include developing a "Livelihood Security Box" in trade negotiations to protect jobs, removing non-tariff barriers to market access, revising intellectual property rules, and providing assured markets for farmers.
This document outlines the key points about foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indian agriculture. It begins by defining FDI and outlining India's policies that allow 100% FDI in certain agriculture sectors like horticulture and food processing. The document then discusses the potential pros of FDI for Indian farmers, like increased incomes, technology upgrades, and improved supply chains. However, it also notes the cons, such as reduced farm prices and potential farmer suicides. The document analyzes the different impacts of FDI on small vs. large farmers and presents a TOWS matrix to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It concludes by arguing that FDI could have positive prospects for farmers if implemented properly.
The Brussels Development Briefing n. 57 on “Investing in smallholder agriculture for food security and nutrition” organised by CTA, the European Commission/EuropeAid and the ACP Secretariat was held on Wednesday 11th September 2019, 9h00-13h00 at the ACP Secretariat, Avenue Georges Henri 451, 1200 Brussels, Room C. The Briefing discussed smallholder agriculture and its key role in delivering food security/nutrition, and sustainable food systems, as recognised in SDG 2.
This document outlines steps for analyzing and addressing a social problem or situation: 1) Identify the situation, 2) Collect information from multiple perspectives, 3) Reflect on what is concerning and why, 4) Ask questions to understand the history, decisions, groups and values involved, 5) Work to understand the full situation, and 6) Strategize and plan ways to resolve the problem based on the understanding developed. It then provides a detailed analysis of the situation of smallholder farmers in the Philippines, identifying factors that prevent them from achieving their potential, such as market inefficiencies and lack of investment, and makes recommendations.
Dr. P K Joshi, Director-South Asia, International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI) presented on “Financing Agri-value Chain Development In India – Constraints and Opportunities” at the 27th National Conference on Agricultural Marketing organized by University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Economics, Dharwad
This document discusses value chains and their potential for pro-poor growth. It defines value chains and explains how they can be mapped and analyzed. The document explores how value chains can help reduce poverty by increasing employment and incomes for the poor. It discusses factors like market access, services, and market power that influence whether certain value chains have greater potential for poverty reduction. The document provides guidance on how to assess value chains' growth potential and pro-poor impact to help choose which ones to promote and invest in.
Progress on gender research in the Tanzania value chain in 2014 and 2015ILRI
This document summarizes gender research related to dairy value chains in Tanzania conducted between 2014 and 2015 by the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish. It describes several projects with gender components, including MoreMilkiT, the Crops and Goats project, and East Africa Dairy Development 2. It also outlines strategic research conducted on topics such as gender issues in dairy value chains, the effectiveness of hub approaches, gender perceptions of resource ownership, empowerment, transforming gender norms, policy tools, nutrition, feeds and forages, climate change, and capacity development. The document proposes next steps and areas of future research to further understanding of gender dynamics within dairy value chains in Tanzania.
The document provides an introduction to a toolkit for researchers and civil society organizations to improve communication. It discusses why communication is important for development work, providing information to empower people and ensure transparency, as well as fostering social change. It also notes communication helps researchers learn how to better meet audience needs and maximize the impact of their work. The document reviews literature on communicating research, emphasizing the need to strengthen communication skills, collaboration between researchers and policymakers, and user engagement. It identifies some gaps in the literature around treating communication as a systemic issue and the conditions under which research is shared.
NAP Expo 2016: Parallel Session: Establishing baselines for NAPs and scaling ...NAP Events
This document outlines the agenda for a parallel session discussing best practices for establishing baselines and prioritizing adaptation actions for National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), with a focus on agriculture. The session includes presentations from Thailand, Gambia, Palau, Myanmar, the Philippines, Kenya, Zambia and Grenada on their experiences developing baselines through vulnerability assessments and criteria for prioritizing adaptation options. It also allows for panel discussions on challenges, lessons learned and ways to scale up adaptation interventions.
Ricardo NAP toolkit and Palestinian National Adaptation Plan to Climate Chan...NAP Events
Presented by: Richard Smithers
3.1 Technical guidance on NAPs
The session will take the participants through the technical guidance for NAPs, including: NAP guidelines, guiding principles for adaptation under the Convention, and subsequent products developed by the LEG such as the sample NAP process. It will further look detailed aspects on undertaking assessments by going through best available methods and tools for assessing for assessing crop production as an example. Countries will further provide practical experiences in applying the guidance in the formulation of their NAPs.
Sustainable Value Chain Management - SCC Europe Conference 2013Michael D'heur
Michael D'heur and Dr. René Schmidpeter presented the approach of Sustainable Value Creation / Sustainable Value Chain Management at the Supply Chain Council Europe Conference. Taking the SCOR Model as the base, Sustainability can be embedded at every intersection point of the supply chain to create economic, ecologic and societal value.
FAO’s work on climate change adaptation & the Voluntary guidelines to support...NAP Events
Presentation by: Anna Asfow
4a. Experience with ecosystem-based approaches under the Convention on Biological Diversity
The session will present findings from a synthesis report prepared by the CBD Secretariat on experiences with ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation (EBA) and disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR). It will provide opportunities for countries to share experiences and discuss ways to mainstream EBA and Eco-DRR into NAPs and other plans and strategies. Participants will be invited to take part in a group exercise to identify gaps and needs, as well as entry points and opportunities for integrating EBA.
The document outlines the OECD's SME Greening Toolkit, which provides policy instruments to promote better environmental performance among small and medium enterprises. It was developed based on experiences in OECD countries and reviews of policies in Eastern Partnership countries. The toolkit covers regulatory, information-based, economic, and institutional partnership tools that governments can use to support SME greening. It also discusses current barriers like insufficient support for green practices and offers recommendations such as smarter regulatory approaches, information and guidance programs, incentives, and partnerships to overcome these barriers.
Innovation strategies for integrating gender into a livestock value chainILRI
Presented by Annet A. Mulema (ILRI) at the Workshop on ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Benchmarking Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 6-9 November 2013
Improving dairy value chain through influencing policy and practice, enhancin...ILRI
VSF-Germany worked to improve Somalia's dairy value chain by influencing policy, enhancing women's participation, and strengthening skills and networks. The project benefited over 100,000 milk consumers and families, as well as government staff and extension workers. Outcomes included reduced post-harvest losses, increased fresh milk availability, linkages between producers and vendors, a variety of dairy products, higher incomes, and better quality milk available to consumers through public institutions monitoring quality and hygiene. Core interventions included supporting dairy regulations and policies, capacity building, technology transfer for value addition, and quality assurance systems.
The Junta Nacional del Café represents 52 coffee cooperatives and associations with 55,000 producers in Peru. Through surveys and legal document reviews, it found cooperatives facing threats from tax authorities despite coffee being an important export crop. It advocated to government, assembling evidence of cooperatives' social and economic benefits. This led to stopped orders against cooperatives and improved agricultural union support, though sanctions were not fully revoked. The organization now stresses evidence-based policy proposals and building partnerships to strengthen smallholder participation in value chains.
This document describes the PrimCity policy development kit project. The project aims to create software for developing economic strategies for cities in Russia's Far East using real data and microsimulation. It will allow stakeholders to understand policies without advanced training. While other models exist, most cannot be easily adapted to Russian data. The project involves controlling a population dynamics model for Russia and generating a synthetic population for Artyom, a Far East city, that includes attributes like age and household characteristics. Fertility is modeled based on individual women's attributes.
Policy: Inclusion, empowerment, and the social impact of Ecuador’s native pot...IFSD14
This document summarizes a study on the social impacts and inclusion of smallholder farmers in Ecuador's native potato value chain. Key findings include: 1) Farmers perceive benefits from participation like higher and stable prices, but have concerns around price and market risks; 2) There are opportunities to improve communication, trust, and governance between actors; 3) Increasing production and quality can help meet growing demand while supporting investment and risk reduction. The document recommends strengthening communication, collaboration, and business/organizational capacity to further empower farmers and expand opportunities in the value chain.
Kenya’s National Adaptation Plan (Overview): Integrating NAPs into Agricultur...ExternalEvents
www.fao.org/climate-change
The presentation was made by Stephen M King’uyu, National Climate Change Secretariat of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources at the Inception workshop for the UNDP-FAO Integrating Agriculture in NAPs (NAP-Ag) Programme on 08 June 2016.
CARE Dhaka Gender Workshop Presentation IFPRI Gender
The SDVC project in Bangladesh aimed to increase incomes of smallholder dairy farmers. It found:
1) While consumption and dairy outcomes did not significantly increase, there was a shift to more joint ownership of productive assets like livestock and equipment.
2) Women's decision making and mobility increased around value chain activities, though men still dominated higher-return decisions.
3) Adult women took on more dairy tasks but less childcare, indicating the time costs disproportionately impacted them.
In June 2012, Colorado’s Governor Hickenlooper remarked that “Agriculture led the Colorado out of the recession,” highlighting Colorado’s agriculture as a critical driver of Colorado’s economy. The typical research methodology employed by business schools to better understand industry barriers and opportunities is a supply chain analysis. Already knowing the linear progression of goods through the stages of agricultural production, we needed an innovative research and analysis methodology to reveal industry dynamics, characterize the unexpected connections within the industry, and gain a more holistic perspective of how this industry operates more as a web than a progression. To accomplish this we worked with our College of Agriculture, and Agriculture Economics faculty to develop the Value Chain of Colorado Agriculture. This value chain research and analysis, which has never been done before for the full agriculture industry in Colorado, revealed new unexpected collaborations, new potential research opportunities, a fresh perspective on agriculture from non- agriculture industries, and a broader set of agriculture industry connections.
The Value Chain encompassed more diversity than is typical, including 125 separate sub-sectors. This study focused on workforce, agricultural innovation and technologies, building or recruiting agriculture businesses, and identifying the unique branding opportunities in Colorado to reach the global audience and their markets. As a result of the study, government, industry, workforce, and economic development strategies can better leverage existing strengths. This innovative research and analysis creates opportunities for broader, integrated decision making which accelerates the advance of Colorado agriculture in a global economy.
Read the Case Study: http://universityeda.org/value-to-members/best-practice-sharing/awards-of-excellence/awards-of-excellence-2013-finalists/the-value-chain-of-colorado-agriculture/
This report examines challenges smallholder farmers face in accessing finance to improve productivity and strengthen livelihoods. It discusses how smallholder farmers produce much of the world's food but face low incomes and food insecurity. Access to finance is identified as one of the biggest challenges, as smallholders receive only 3% of the formal bank financing demanded, limiting their ability to invest in better technologies and increase yields. The report aims to understand how businesses can strengthen smallholder incomes and ensure robust, inclusive supply chains.
Dr. P K Joshi, Director-South Asia, International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI) presented on “Financing Agri-value Chain Development In India – Constraints and Opportunities” at the 27th National Conference on Agricultural Marketing organized by University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Economics, Dharwad
This document discusses value chains and their potential for pro-poor growth. It defines value chains and explains how they can be mapped and analyzed. The document explores how value chains can help reduce poverty by increasing employment and incomes for the poor. It discusses factors like market access, services, and market power that influence whether certain value chains have greater potential for poverty reduction. The document provides guidance on how to assess value chains' growth potential and pro-poor impact to help choose which ones to promote and invest in.
Progress on gender research in the Tanzania value chain in 2014 and 2015ILRI
This document summarizes gender research related to dairy value chains in Tanzania conducted between 2014 and 2015 by the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish. It describes several projects with gender components, including MoreMilkiT, the Crops and Goats project, and East Africa Dairy Development 2. It also outlines strategic research conducted on topics such as gender issues in dairy value chains, the effectiveness of hub approaches, gender perceptions of resource ownership, empowerment, transforming gender norms, policy tools, nutrition, feeds and forages, climate change, and capacity development. The document proposes next steps and areas of future research to further understanding of gender dynamics within dairy value chains in Tanzania.
The document provides an introduction to a toolkit for researchers and civil society organizations to improve communication. It discusses why communication is important for development work, providing information to empower people and ensure transparency, as well as fostering social change. It also notes communication helps researchers learn how to better meet audience needs and maximize the impact of their work. The document reviews literature on communicating research, emphasizing the need to strengthen communication skills, collaboration between researchers and policymakers, and user engagement. It identifies some gaps in the literature around treating communication as a systemic issue and the conditions under which research is shared.
NAP Expo 2016: Parallel Session: Establishing baselines for NAPs and scaling ...NAP Events
This document outlines the agenda for a parallel session discussing best practices for establishing baselines and prioritizing adaptation actions for National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), with a focus on agriculture. The session includes presentations from Thailand, Gambia, Palau, Myanmar, the Philippines, Kenya, Zambia and Grenada on their experiences developing baselines through vulnerability assessments and criteria for prioritizing adaptation options. It also allows for panel discussions on challenges, lessons learned and ways to scale up adaptation interventions.
Ricardo NAP toolkit and Palestinian National Adaptation Plan to Climate Chan...NAP Events
Presented by: Richard Smithers
3.1 Technical guidance on NAPs
The session will take the participants through the technical guidance for NAPs, including: NAP guidelines, guiding principles for adaptation under the Convention, and subsequent products developed by the LEG such as the sample NAP process. It will further look detailed aspects on undertaking assessments by going through best available methods and tools for assessing for assessing crop production as an example. Countries will further provide practical experiences in applying the guidance in the formulation of their NAPs.
Sustainable Value Chain Management - SCC Europe Conference 2013Michael D'heur
Michael D'heur and Dr. René Schmidpeter presented the approach of Sustainable Value Creation / Sustainable Value Chain Management at the Supply Chain Council Europe Conference. Taking the SCOR Model as the base, Sustainability can be embedded at every intersection point of the supply chain to create economic, ecologic and societal value.
FAO’s work on climate change adaptation & the Voluntary guidelines to support...NAP Events
Presentation by: Anna Asfow
4a. Experience with ecosystem-based approaches under the Convention on Biological Diversity
The session will present findings from a synthesis report prepared by the CBD Secretariat on experiences with ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation (EBA) and disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR). It will provide opportunities for countries to share experiences and discuss ways to mainstream EBA and Eco-DRR into NAPs and other plans and strategies. Participants will be invited to take part in a group exercise to identify gaps and needs, as well as entry points and opportunities for integrating EBA.
The document outlines the OECD's SME Greening Toolkit, which provides policy instruments to promote better environmental performance among small and medium enterprises. It was developed based on experiences in OECD countries and reviews of policies in Eastern Partnership countries. The toolkit covers regulatory, information-based, economic, and institutional partnership tools that governments can use to support SME greening. It also discusses current barriers like insufficient support for green practices and offers recommendations such as smarter regulatory approaches, information and guidance programs, incentives, and partnerships to overcome these barriers.
Innovation strategies for integrating gender into a livestock value chainILRI
Presented by Annet A. Mulema (ILRI) at the Workshop on ICARDA-ILRI Training on Tools for Benchmarking Sheep and Goat Value Chains in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 6-9 November 2013
Improving dairy value chain through influencing policy and practice, enhancin...ILRI
VSF-Germany worked to improve Somalia's dairy value chain by influencing policy, enhancing women's participation, and strengthening skills and networks. The project benefited over 100,000 milk consumers and families, as well as government staff and extension workers. Outcomes included reduced post-harvest losses, increased fresh milk availability, linkages between producers and vendors, a variety of dairy products, higher incomes, and better quality milk available to consumers through public institutions monitoring quality and hygiene. Core interventions included supporting dairy regulations and policies, capacity building, technology transfer for value addition, and quality assurance systems.
The Junta Nacional del Café represents 52 coffee cooperatives and associations with 55,000 producers in Peru. Through surveys and legal document reviews, it found cooperatives facing threats from tax authorities despite coffee being an important export crop. It advocated to government, assembling evidence of cooperatives' social and economic benefits. This led to stopped orders against cooperatives and improved agricultural union support, though sanctions were not fully revoked. The organization now stresses evidence-based policy proposals and building partnerships to strengthen smallholder participation in value chains.
This document describes the PrimCity policy development kit project. The project aims to create software for developing economic strategies for cities in Russia's Far East using real data and microsimulation. It will allow stakeholders to understand policies without advanced training. While other models exist, most cannot be easily adapted to Russian data. The project involves controlling a population dynamics model for Russia and generating a synthetic population for Artyom, a Far East city, that includes attributes like age and household characteristics. Fertility is modeled based on individual women's attributes.
Policy: Inclusion, empowerment, and the social impact of Ecuador’s native pot...IFSD14
This document summarizes a study on the social impacts and inclusion of smallholder farmers in Ecuador's native potato value chain. Key findings include: 1) Farmers perceive benefits from participation like higher and stable prices, but have concerns around price and market risks; 2) There are opportunities to improve communication, trust, and governance between actors; 3) Increasing production and quality can help meet growing demand while supporting investment and risk reduction. The document recommends strengthening communication, collaboration, and business/organizational capacity to further empower farmers and expand opportunities in the value chain.
Kenya’s National Adaptation Plan (Overview): Integrating NAPs into Agricultur...ExternalEvents
www.fao.org/climate-change
The presentation was made by Stephen M King’uyu, National Climate Change Secretariat of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources at the Inception workshop for the UNDP-FAO Integrating Agriculture in NAPs (NAP-Ag) Programme on 08 June 2016.
CARE Dhaka Gender Workshop Presentation IFPRI Gender
The SDVC project in Bangladesh aimed to increase incomes of smallholder dairy farmers. It found:
1) While consumption and dairy outcomes did not significantly increase, there was a shift to more joint ownership of productive assets like livestock and equipment.
2) Women's decision making and mobility increased around value chain activities, though men still dominated higher-return decisions.
3) Adult women took on more dairy tasks but less childcare, indicating the time costs disproportionately impacted them.
In June 2012, Colorado’s Governor Hickenlooper remarked that “Agriculture led the Colorado out of the recession,” highlighting Colorado’s agriculture as a critical driver of Colorado’s economy. The typical research methodology employed by business schools to better understand industry barriers and opportunities is a supply chain analysis. Already knowing the linear progression of goods through the stages of agricultural production, we needed an innovative research and analysis methodology to reveal industry dynamics, characterize the unexpected connections within the industry, and gain a more holistic perspective of how this industry operates more as a web than a progression. To accomplish this we worked with our College of Agriculture, and Agriculture Economics faculty to develop the Value Chain of Colorado Agriculture. This value chain research and analysis, which has never been done before for the full agriculture industry in Colorado, revealed new unexpected collaborations, new potential research opportunities, a fresh perspective on agriculture from non- agriculture industries, and a broader set of agriculture industry connections.
The Value Chain encompassed more diversity than is typical, including 125 separate sub-sectors. This study focused on workforce, agricultural innovation and technologies, building or recruiting agriculture businesses, and identifying the unique branding opportunities in Colorado to reach the global audience and their markets. As a result of the study, government, industry, workforce, and economic development strategies can better leverage existing strengths. This innovative research and analysis creates opportunities for broader, integrated decision making which accelerates the advance of Colorado agriculture in a global economy.
Read the Case Study: http://universityeda.org/value-to-members/best-practice-sharing/awards-of-excellence/awards-of-excellence-2013-finalists/the-value-chain-of-colorado-agriculture/
This report examines challenges smallholder farmers face in accessing finance to improve productivity and strengthen livelihoods. It discusses how smallholder farmers produce much of the world's food but face low incomes and food insecurity. Access to finance is identified as one of the biggest challenges, as smallholders receive only 3% of the formal bank financing demanded, limiting their ability to invest in better technologies and increase yields. The report aims to understand how businesses can strengthen smallholder incomes and ensure robust, inclusive supply chains.
The project main ambition is to empower small farmers in Eritrea through micro-financing and micro-ensurance project, associated with business technical cooperation. It main goal is to help reduce poverty in the country, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. Being agriculture the principal economic activity in Eritrea, and giving the low resources from domestic funding,the proposal is developed through a serie of strategies that could ally Private Sector Window to demands. Considering risks, IDA is necessary for mitigation and secure markets and investments. Target audience are MDBs, Private Sector and Public Sector.
Global poverty and food security challenges: The equity pillar ILRI
Discussion notes from a brainstorming by
Tom Randolph, Shirley Tarawali, Steve Staal, Nancy Johnson, Mario Herrero, Jemimah Njuki and Carlos Sere presented at the ILRI-World Bank High Level Consultation on the Global Livestock Agenda by 2020
Nairobi, 12 - 13 March 2012.
Presentation from the Livestock Inter-Agency Donor Group (IADG) Meeting 2010.
4-5 May 2010 Italy, Rome IFAD Headquarters
The event involved approximately 45 representatives from the international partner agencies to discuss critical needs for livestock development and research issues for the coming decade.
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
The document discusses the current state and potential of Indian agriculture and rural marketing. It notes that India is a major global producer of tea, milk, cattle, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables, but yields remain low due to issues like low mechanization, heavy fertilizer use, and poor infrastructure. It outlines opportunities to improve efficiency through reducing waste, increasing processing, and developing the rural market through improved availability, affordability, acceptability and awareness of products. A three-tier model of "Food Marts", "Agri Marts" and "Kissan" centers is proposed to better serve rural communities.
This document provides an overview of the CGIAR Research Program 2 (CRP2) which aims to strengthen food security and incomes for rural poor through identifying policies, institutions, and markets. The CRP2 will conduct integrated research across three themes: effective policies and strategic investments; inclusive governance and institutions; and linking small producers to markets. It will use innovative research approaches and form partnerships to conduct strategic research and influence policy changes to ultimately reduce rural poverty and improve food security. The CRP2 budget is $126 million over three years sourced from CGIAR Fund and other donors.
This document summarizes key questions about small farms that will be discussed at an upcoming conference on smallholder agriculture. It outlines that while most small farms eventually disappear as countries develop, many small farms in developing countries are still important for food security, employment, and poverty reduction. The document also notes that small farms require support to compete fairly with large farms and discusses how investments in commercial small farms and subsistence small farms can both effectively reduce poverty.
The document discusses market led agriculture, including its evolution, key concepts, dimensions, institutions, issues and policies. It provides an introduction to market led agriculture and how the focus has shifted from production-led agriculture to making farmers producers and sellers. It outlines the objectives and roles of extension workers in market led agriculture. It also discusses some of the key institutions, issues around quality standards, infrastructure and information gaps, and different government policy initiatives and future directions.
REPOSITIONING LIVESTOCK ON THE GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AGENDA copppldsecretariat
LIVESTOCK AND THE PUBLIC GOOD NEXUS
Jimmy W. Smith
World Bank
IADG Annual Meeting
IFAD, Rome, Italy
May 4-5, 2010
[Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base]
Rao 3b the role of agriculture in growth & poverty alleviationSizwan Ahammed
The document discusses the role of agriculture in economic growth and poverty alleviation. It notes an apparent paradox where agriculture declines with economic growth, yet neglecting agriculture can stunt growth. It argues that in the early stages of development, faster agricultural growth is complementary to overall economic growth. However, agriculture tends to grow more slowly than the rest of the economy over the long run, implying a structural transformation. The document also examines how agricultural growth can reduce poverty through employment, incomes, and demand. It discusses variations across developing countries and scenarios around income levels, agricultural structures, and technological potentials.
This document discusses opportunities for resilient agricultural growth in sub-Saharan Africa. It recommends focusing on building resilient markets, agriculture, and people. Specifically, it suggests reducing food price volatility, facilitating private investment, enabling climate-smart and sustainable intensification, scaling up nutrition programs, and empowering women and youth. Achieving agricultural growth with resilience could significantly improve food security and economic development across Africa.
GCARD2: Briefing paper National Food Security - MAIZE and its importance for ...GCARD Conferences
Maize provides at least 30% of calories for over 4.5 billion people in developing countries, yet recurrent crises and constraints threaten global food security. The MAIZE Research Program is a CGIAR alliance of over 300 institutions aiming to sustainably intensify maize farming systems to enhance farmer incomes and livelihoods. Its vision is to increase productivity by 7% by 2020 and 33% by 2030, benefiting 40 million farmers by 2020 and 175 million by 2030, and meeting additional demand from 135 million consumers by 2020 and 600 million by 2030. MAIZE addresses issues through nine strategic initiatives and has a budget of $97.8 million annually from CGIAR and bilateral donors.
The document summarizes six underappreciated facts about African agriculture with implications for poverty reduction and growth strategies: 1) Farm sizes are small and declining, limiting potential for productivity growth through new technologies. 2) Most rural households are net buyers of staples and higher-value diversification is crucial. 3) Retail food prices are declining due to investment in informal markets. 4) Supermarkets account for a small share of food expenditures and traditional markets remain important. 5) Food markets experience policy unpredictability that hinders private investment. 6) Reallocating agricultural budgets toward long-term investments in R&D, extension, and infrastructure could better promote growth than short-term subsidies.
Rob Vos
SEMINAR
Virtual Event --Discussion of the 2020 Global Food Policy Report
Co-Organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of the Netherlands, IFPRI, and Food & Business Knowledge Platform
APR 28, 2020 - 10:00 AM TO 11:15 AM EDT
how small scale farmers can save the worldchris claes
The document discusses several questions around feeding the world sustainably and the role of small-scale family farming. It argues that family farming has advantages like environmental protection, job creation, and productivity when farmers have access to knowledge. However, globalization and market concentration have shifted power to large agri-corporations, squeezing small farmers. It calls for supporting small farmers through access to resources, markets, and price stability to boost food security and rural development. New approaches like agroecology that empower farmers are needed to overcome "business as usual" thinking and transition to more sustainable food systems.
Final project finance for devt ezinne ucheEzinne Uche
This presentation discusses opportunities for unlocking financial opportunities in Nigerian agriculture. Nigeria has a large population and economy that relies heavily on agriculture, though the sector faces challenges like low productivity and underinvestment. The presentation outlines Nigeria's agricultural industry, financing needs and challenges, potential financial instruments like value chain financing, and the roles of the public and private sectors in strengthening agricultural financing through partnerships and incentives.
Public-Private Partnerships for Harnessing the Potential of Rainfed AgricultureJoachim von Braun
This document discusses opportunities for public-private partnerships (PPPs) in agriculture, particularly in marginal rainfed areas. It notes that while agri-food systems are increasingly globalized and market-driven, peoples' ability to respond varies greatly. PPPs can improve access to technologies, expertise, markets and distribution networks. However, the roles of different sectors remain contested. The document examines options for PPPs in research and development, water management, and infrastructure to boost production of high-value crops in rainfed areas. Case studies from India demonstrate how PPPs have increased adoption of improved seeds and mobilized resources for research.
This document outlines problems with the current agricultural model and opportunities in food and agriculture investing. The current model relies on monocultures that reduce biodiversity and soil and water are being consumed unsustainably. Several subsectors in food and agriculture tech are highlighted as areas for investment, including alternative proteins, smart equipment, decision support tools, drones and robotics, and waste reduction. Examples are given of startups like Ripple Foods, Amber Agriculture, and Granular that are demonstrating proof of concepts in these subsectors. The size of the agriculture industry and need for sustainability presents a large opportunity for technology to address problems with the current system.
Similar to Fourth South-South Cooperation Workshop on Rural Development and Poverty Reduction - Adolfo Italo Brizzi (20)
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Fourth South-South Cooperation Workshop on Rural Development and Poverty Reduction - Adolfo Italo Brizzi
1. Market System Construction and
Value Chain Development for
Smallholder Agriculture
Adolfo Brizzi, Director
Policy & Technical Advisory Division
IFAD
Beijing, July 9, 2012
2. Agriculture is back
with a revenge
If global food supply is threatened it will come to dominate policy
and political agendas
Tyranny of the short term: did we need to wait for a global crisis
to realize the importance of food security ?
Benign neglect had
reached its limits
Re-look at structural
issues in the context of
new integrated Ag/RD
policies
3. Measuring the global challenge:
Some facts (1)
950 35
millions
1b rural people live <$1.25/day 900
30
most are food-insecure 25
850
2b people in LDC derive income 20
%
15
from small-scale agriculture 800
10
Poor people spend 60-80% of their Population under-nourished in LDC 5
750
income on food 700
-
0
1969 1979 1990 1995 2000 2005
- - - - - 2010
Food availability may need to double to meet 2050 needs but
productivity stagnates
Agriculture is mostly a smallholder business
Ag. growth is twice as effective to reduce poverty than other
type of growth
resolving smallholder agriculture is the closest proxy to
reducing global poverty
4. Measuring the global challenge:
Some facts (2)
Food remains imperfectly tradable (shallow markets,
distortions, time lag to respond, weather-dependent)
Basic food consumption is inelastic to food prices and
consumer income
Capacity to grow is determined by
– The size of the human stomach i.e. demographic growth
– The possibility to trade with the biggest possible market
– Substitution to higher value food
Decades of low prices have created a situation where
– Business is marginally profitable
– Governments treated Agriculture as a public good:
subsidize and protect farmers
– High import tariffs, distortionary policies
– Little incentive to invest in higher productivity
5. Measuring the global challenge:
New paradigms (1)
More liberalized sector. Global trade much easier
Private sector on the move. Profit is no more a bad word.
Bottom of the pyramid: the largest untapped potential
for market-driven agriculture development
Considerable efforts to mobilize and organize producers
along value chains
Ag. & Environment: friends & foes.
One needs what the other one wants
to protect (water, soil, forest)
6. Measuring the global challenge:
New paradigms (2)
Biofuels. New legislation in OCDE countries. Food, fuel,
forest trade-offs. More pressure on food supply
Climate Change and Ag., victim and culprit. The search for
compromises and win-wins
New consumption patterns towards protein-rich food will
require more grains
India & China: Per Capita Consumption in Kg
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
INDIA 1993 INDIA 2007 CHINA 1993 CHINA 2007
7. New Context for Agriculture
Opportunities & Challenges
Are high prices the new tipping point for the
revival of the agriculture sector ?
9. Land (water) Grabbing
Million hectares Total area apt % exploited Irrigation % irrigated
and percent for rainfed Potential
agriculture
Latin America 1066 19% 78 24%
Caribbean
Sub-Saharian 1031 22% 39 13%
Africa
East Asia 366 63% 111 68%
South Asia 220 94% 142 56%
Middle East & 99 87% 43 65%
North Africa
Source : OCDE et FAO (2009). Tableau tiré de Vindel, B. et P. Jacquet, Agriculture, développement et sécurité alimentaire, dans
Jacquet, P. et J.H. Lorenzi, Les nouveaux équilibres alimentaires mondiaux, PUF-Descartes & Cie, 2011.
11. High Prices and Volatility
A blessing and a curse. Needs careful evaluation at country level
Who wins & who looses. But not only “static” assessments
Country agriculture potential. Import/Export status.
Rural/urban
Risks of unrest
Safety nets
Price policies
Role of storage
Export Bans Price Volatility 1885-2009
Exchange rates
Source: Roach, S. (2010), « What explains the rise in food price volatility », IMF Working Paper WP/10/129, figure 1, p. 3.
Non weighted average of the prices of wheat, rice, maize, palm and soya oil. Price in dollars, deflated by the US consumption price indexes
13. Historic opportunity to reduce poverty
through market-driven agriculture
development
Large countries need to feed themselves
The case for protection and subsidies is less compelling
Import tariffs down world-wide,new chance for trade talks ?
Globalization provides unleashed trade opportunities
New technology push, innovation
Private sector on the move entering new ag. markets and value
chains
Time to revisit some of the Government policies
Social policies and safety nets for consumers will
allow price trickle down to producers
Market driven agriculture through PPP for smallholders
14. Fortune at the bottom
of the pyramid (BOP)
• BOP: The biggest untapped potential for market-driven
agriculture Low cost, low profits, high volume
• When you are poor, reaching scale is the best hope to access
opportunities, become a market (consumers and producers),
economy of scale, efficiency, reduced transaction costs,
bargaining capacity, access to services
• Organize the tail-end of the value chain
• Demystifying poverty and profits
• Scale will enhance private companies’
ability to access BOP markets
15. The Need for Collective Action
The power of scale
The supply side (both public and private) cannot be made more
efficient in helping the poor unless it’s in the context of an
organized demand side
Transforming a large pool of poor people into a vast untapped
market with much reduced transaction costs
16. Where are we coming from
Predominant Public Sector
Private
Sector
Public Sector Disinterested Private
Sector
Intermediaries High transaction costs
of all sorts
Communities
Disorganized Smallholders
17. We need a new model:
PPP with a “P” for people
Devise regulatory
framework and incentive
mechanism for PPP
Public Sector Private Sector
Rethink public sector Attract private sector and
intervention and link their business model
find better ways to with development objectives
deliver services along supply chians
Smallholder Sector
People Sector Becoming a market and
Demand for governance & leveraging more
accountability competition, access to
banking, markets, etc.
Institutions of the poor
18. Bridge the viability gap
Agriculture is a business, but for the private sector to work with
smallholders it costs more. We can help bridge the viability gap.
On the demand side:
– create a new market. BOP, People Sector, scale, collective action.
– Demonstrate creditworthiness of our clients to banks/MFIs, leverage
remittances
On the Supply side. If “people sector” scale is not enough (transaction
costs too high), devise an incentive mechanism to attract the private
sector.
– Subsidizing private goods through matching grants not a solution.
– Better to finance (semi) public goods as part of matching grants, but
associated to the private sector business plan, along value chains.
– Design matching grants competitively and look for leveraging private
sector money as co-financing
19. Public Sector
Development monopoly ?
• Mostly supply-driven and top-down
• Local innovation and home-grown solutions can be inhibited
• Public sector performance in delivering services is mixed
• Imbalance between supply and demand
Poor people are seen as “beneficiaries”, not clients
Dispensing favors rather than facilitating access to
services by the poor
Accountability is upwards rather than downwards
Entrenched vested interests
20. Where is the private sector ?
The private sector is on the fence
– Crowded out by public sector, policy
restrictions, red tape
– Poor infrastructure
– Not interested in poor, uneducated,
dispersed producers
– Lack of scale and quality (norms and standards)
– High transaction costs, risky business and low returns
– In some cases the private sector came, but no
competition, easy to collude (farmers with no
bargaining power)
21. THE PEOPLE SECTOR
Strategy:
• Gaining Voice
• Reaching Scale
How:
1. The software: Organize institutions OF the
poor (vs. institutions FOR the poor)
2. The hardware: Put productive assets in the
hands of poor people and provide opportunities for
income generation
22. The software
Social Mobilization and Institution Building
☞ Groups organized around a strong common purpose
(savings & loans, joint economic activities)
☞ The nature and the quality of the initial grouping
determines the graduation model
☞ Strong inclusion and (self) targeting methodology –
Mutual trust against risks of elite capture
☞ Scale creates a market and crowds-in the private sector
☞ Social agendas (disabled, HIV/AIDS,
domestic violence, alcoholism, caste)
☞ This is not about money
23. The hardware
(assets)
Access to productive assets
☞ Software first, hardware second
☞ Income generating activities, own
savings and group inter-loaning to demonstrate
creditworthiness and crowd-in MFI and Banks
☞ The grants vs credit debate
But also groups as financial intermediation.
Recycling grants into loans
24. The graduation model
Franchising
Community
Retailing Trade
Marketing enterprises
Banking Commodity
Savings & services Cooperatives Federation of
Loans Coops User Groups
Different levels of associative and federative tiers
Affinity-based Activity-based Resource-based
Irrigation,
Savings and Loans Assets/marketing Watershed, forestry
25. Institutions first
Money second
Money and Influence
Banks Agri-business Control over nat. res.
Microfinance Input suppliers (land, water, forest, fish)
Insurance Co. Service Providers Sustainable Use/finance
Service Providers Insurance/warehouse Agri-business
Going to Scale
People Sector Institutions
26. Self-help groups federation
model (Andhra Pradesh)
• 2 from each sub-district Federation 200,000
• Interface with markets 400,000 District
• Franchising and Insurance Federation
• Maintain MIS/IT systems
22
• 2 from each Village Organization
• Supports VO / audits VOs
• Links w. Governments 4000
• Link w. financial institutions 6000 Sub-District
• Links w. markets and private s. Federation
-
1100
• 2 from each Self-Help Group
• Support SHG
150
• Manage credit lines/grants to SHG 200 Village
• Social action/village development - Organization
• Marketing/identifies jobs for youth
34850
• Savings and loans
• Monitoring group performance S HG s S HG s S HG s S HGs S HG s S HG s Self-Help
• Micro-credit planning Group
• Household investment plans 10-15 809800
27. The Power of Scale
• Self-Help Groups formed in all villages of AP (saturation
strategy)
• ~9 M rural women, ~90% of poor rural women, ~40M people
• Own funds (savings + interest earned on inter-loaning):
$790M
• Cumulative credit from formal institutions since 2000: > $
2.7B
• Repayment rates in excess of 95%
• Revival of the rural banking business
• SHG: FROM: not daring to enter a bank
Cost (over 8 years):
TO: having become one of the best clients.
$10/beneficiary
$40/woman (household)
Leverage (scale-up)
each $1 raised $10
28. Scale for Innovation
Procurement Centers (PC) and Trade
•Federations operate the retail end of the value chain, particularly backward
integration through village procurement and service centers
•Reduce transaction costs between dispersed
farmers and the market through product
aggregation and collective buying
•Used as franchises for agri-businesses
•Developing a network of low-cost service
providers and paraprofessionals i.e. jobs
Youth Employment
• Large pool of unemployed youth in villages
• Federations as temp agency + moral guarantee
• Economy of scale, low transaction for training and
recruitment through one entry point
• Greatest demand: security sector, retail, services,
health centers, repair shops, computer data entry,
construction.
29. Scale for Innovation
Franchising for Life/Disability Insurance Scheme
•Access BOP market through franchising and
retailing insurance policies at least cost.
•Federations collect premiums from members,
fill forms, verify claims, maintain MIS, issue
certificates of insurance, make payments, link up
with Insurance Comp. for re-insurance, web-based claim transaction
Reaching out through ICT
* Communities’ web portal. Post aggregate info on
available products (quantity, norms, specifications) & job
seekers.
* Private sector establishes business linkages directly
with federations. Increased market access and
competition
* ICT provides quantum leap away from costly
intermediation for large-volume low-cost products & jobs
30. Scale for Innovation
Smart Cards for Banking and SS benefits
• More efficient way to deliver public services (social security,
pension/wage payments, safety nets, etc..)
• Each Fed. identify the beneficiaries of Gov. SS programs,
calculate the benefits, prepare payment lists, fill the forms, etc..
• Commercial banks (under MOU with the Government) train the
Fed. and provide the financial infrastructure (mobile phone,
smart cards, card reader, printer).
• Beneficiaries receive payments from banks through their
branchless organization and make contributions
• Shift the banking system to smart
cards and branchless banking
• New opportunities: mobile banking