Food security
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This document discusses food security in Pakistan. It begins with defining food security as reliable access to sufficient, affordable, and nutritious food. It then references Article 38 of Pakistan's constitution, which guarantees basic necessities including food for all citizens. The document outlines government initiatives to ensure food security through economic growth, agriculture development, poverty reduction programs, and irrigation projects. It also discusses ensuring adequacy of food supply, access to food, equitable distribution of food, and improving nutrition. The conclusion expresses optimism that Pakistan has the resources and potential to achieve food security.
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Food security
Food security is measured by the availability, accessibility, and affordability of food. Historically, central authorities ensured food security during famines by releasing food from storage. The 1974 World Food Conference defined food security as adequate food supplies to sustain consumption. Later definitions added the importance of demand and access. The 1996 World Food Summit defined food security as physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food. Food security is assessed based on the availability, access, utilization, and stability of food sources. Changes in climate and extreme weather can disrupt stability and livelihoods, challenging food security.
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Food insecurity remains a global challenge. Achieving food security requires accurately measuring the incidence, nature, and causes of food insecurity. This allows for prioritizing interventions and targeting assistance. Conceptual frameworks help analyze the complex underlying causes of food insecurity and guide appropriate responses. Understanding factors like availability, access, utilization, and stability is key to selecting interventions to address problems like inadequate food, care practices, or health environments.
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This document discusses wheat flour fortification in Pakistan. It begins by defining food security and malnutrition, noting high rates of both in Pakistan. Micronutrient deficiencies like iron, folic acid, and vitamin A negatively impact health. Food fortification is presented as a cost-effective strategy to address hidden hunger. Wheat flour fortification was implemented nationally in 2007 but later suspended; efforts are underway to restart the program in Punjab province with support from GAIN, the flour mill industry association PFMA, and the government. Key factors for success include political will, industry cooperation, legislation, and public acceptance. The goal is to improve nutrition and reduce malnutrition's huge health and economic costs in Pakistan.
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800 million people suffer from hunger each year despite global food production being enough to feed the world population. Food security has become a priority for global governance but issues around access to food remain due to several factors. Rising food prices are driven by increased demand, environmental changes, commodity speculation, and the shift towards biofuels and large-scale agriculture. This has concentrated food supply among a few multinational corporations and harmed small farmers, reducing local food security in developing countries who must now rely on imports or humanitarian aid. Strengthening family farming is presented as a way to improve food access, local economies, and sustainable development.
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This document discusses food fortification with vitamins and minerals. It notes that wheat, maize and rice are commonly fortified with iron, folic acid and B vitamins. These micronutrients play important roles in physical and cognitive development, productivity and reducing health risks like anemia and neural tube defects. The document outlines various micronutrients used for fortification, their health benefits, and considerations for effective fortification programs like identifying target groups, suitable vehicles, levels of addition and ensuring stability of added nutrients. It also addresses limitations, costs and legislation around national fortification programs.
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Food security and nutrition security are related but distinct concepts. Food security refers to reliable access to sufficient quantities of safe and nutritious food, while nutrition security additionally considers factors like food utilization, caring practices, and access to healthcare that impact nutritional status. Ensuring nutrition security requires a multi-sectoral approach that addresses underlying determinants like income, education, water and sanitation alongside direct nutrition interventions. Assessing and helping to address clients' food security is important for effective nutrition care and support, as food insecurity can negatively impact health status and limit the options available to improve nutrition.
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Food insecurity is a major challenge in Pakistan, with 14.6 million people needing food assistance and 8.6 million experiencing extreme food insecurity. Pakistan ranks 99th on the Global Hunger Index, with 37.8% of the population living in multidimensional poverty. While wheat consumption has increased, total food production has decreased 4.93% from 2013 to 2020 despite a 15% population increase. Factors contributing to slower food growth include high population growth, a lack of technology advancement, income distribution changes, and urbanization.
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This document discusses key concepts and methods for conducting dietary assessments and nutritional analysis. It defines dietary assessment, nutritional assessment, nutritional status, nutrient intake and requirements. It also discusses optimal nutritional status, dietary assessment principles, dietary diversity, and when to measure dietary diversity. Different food groups are identified for constructing the Household Dietary Diversity Score and Women's Dietary Diversity Score. Methods for calculating and setting thresholds for these scores are described. The document also illustrates the association between dietary adequacy and anthropometric measures of nutritional status.
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1) Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs for an active and healthy life.
2) Around 870 million people, or 12.5% of the global population, were undernourished between 2010-2012. Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia have the highest levels of hunger.
3) India alone accounts for over half of all malnutrition-related child deaths worldwide despite growing enough food to meet its population's needs. High poverty, lower incomes, and poor infrastructure contribute to India's food insecurity challenges.
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food insecurity in pakistan.pptx
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The PDS seeks to provide food security to the poor through subsidized food grains and has evolved since the 1940s to become the National Food Security Act in 2013 which legally entitles eligible households to receive monthly food rations. The document outlines the provisions of the Act, including entitlement amounts and implementation at state and local levels, and notes that identification of beneficiaries and modernization of distribution systems require further improvement.
Mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services
This document discusses mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services in Uganda. It begins with an introduction to Uganda's agricultural sector and policies related to agriculture, food, and nutrition security. It then covers linkages between agriculture and nutrition, challenges to gender and nutrition in agricultural extension, and the role of extension workers in addressing these issues. Practical approaches discussed include promoting enterprise mixes for regular income, producing diverse nutrient-rich foods, protecting the environment, considering gender and family needs, and promoting water, sanitation and hygiene practices. The document provides examples and recommendations for extension workers to integrate these approaches into their work.
Presentation (4).pptx
This document summarizes information about global food supply and issues. It discusses how population growth and income affect food demand. Poorer countries typically see higher population increases but lower supply increases. Food distribution, not production, is often the main problem due to infrastructure and policy issues. The document also outlines some key Indian government food supply programs like mid-day meals to address malnutrition. Overall solutions proposed include reducing population growth, boosting agricultural productivity, and spurring economic growth for the poorest.
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Food security
- 2. Table of Content • Food Security 1. Concept Old ,New..... Slide #2,3 2. Article 38……Slide#6 3. Food Insecurity ….. Slide#7 4. Global …. Slide#8 5. Pakistan ….. Slide#9 6. FS in Rural , Urban …. Slide#10,11,12 7. Agriculture in Pakistan…. Slide#13,14 8. Conclusion …. Slide#20 2
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- 5. Food Security • The state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food. 5
- 6. Article 38 in Constitution of Pakistan • Article 38 (d) ensures provision of basic necessities of life including food for the citizens of Pakistan as: “The state shall provide basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education and medical relief, for all citizens, irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race, as are permanently or temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or unemployment”. 6
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- 16. GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY The Government’s main policy objectives are to bring about: • Economic growth with adjustment • Increase savings and investment • Improve physical infrastructure facilitating human resources • Development with emphasis on poverty alleviation • Agriculture is playing a critical role in achieving these objectives • Achieve food self-sufficiency • Poverty Reduction • Productivity Enhancement Program. • Irrigation subsector • Promoting Export of Agriculture commodities of Pakistan 16
- 17. ADEQUACY OF FOOD SUPPLY Sustainable & Efficient Utilization of the Natural Resources: • Land • Water Proper Application of Physical Inputs • Seed • Fertilizer • Credit • Plant protection 17
- 18. Productivity Enhancement of Major Food Crops 1. Wheat 2. Rice 3. Maize 4. Oil Seed ACCESS TO FOOD • Identification and Targeting the Food Insecure People • Enhancing Productivity of Small Farmers for Poverty Alleviation • Diversification of On-Farm and Off Farm Income Generation Activities • Stabilization of Input and Output Prices • Encouragement of Small Enterprises 18
- 19. EQUITY OF FOOD DISTRIBUTION • Inter-Regional Inequity • Urban and Rural Disparity • Distribution of Land and Access to the Resources and Inputs • Gender Inequity • Skill Development and Exposure to the Development IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF FOOD • Vegetable and Pulses Production • Rural Poultry and Rearing of Small Ruminants • Inland Fisheries 19
- 20. SUPPORTING REQUIREMENTS • Removing Policy Distortion • Provision of Rural Infrastructure • Credit and Rural Finance • Human Resource Development • Research and Extension Support Services CONCLUSION • We are proud nation that we are blessed with every climate and we have all the resources for growth to be utilized by us, affordability of Food security possibilities are ample in Pakistan, so we have to manage and work hard. We have all the gravity based irrigation, only in rare parts of the country, motorized irrigation is required. 20
- 21. Refrence • United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Country Profiles: Pakistan. Accessed on Jan 03, 2013, http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Pakist an • Food & Agriculture Organization of United Nations, “The Impact Of Rising Food Prices on The Poor” (Rome: FAO 2008). • Asian Development Bank, “Impact of Food Prices on Household”, (Manila: ADB Press, 2008) • Government of Pakistan, “Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2011-12”, (Islamabad: Ministry of Finance, 2012). 21