SlideShare a Scribd company logo
FOOD POISONING
BY: MEHBOOB ILAHI
WHAT IS FOOD POISONING
Food poisoning is a disease that usually results in
vomiting and diarrhea after a person eats or drinks
fluids contaminated with certain bacteria, viruses,
parasites or chemicals (toxins).
DEATHS ATTRIBUTED TO
About 31 viral and bacterial pathogens are responsible
for almost 76 million diagnosed food poisoning illnesses
per year; about 39 million food poisoning cases are
unspecified (undiagnosed). Yearly, about 325,000 people are
hospitalized and about 5,000 die from all causes of food
poisoning.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Abdominal cramps
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
However, symptoms infrequently canget worse.
Blood in the
stool or vomit
Dehydrati
on
Headache Weakness
Bloating Kidney &
renal
disorder
SEVERE SYMPTOMS
High
Fever
Diarrhea that
lasts more
than 3 days
Blurry
Vision
Numbness
Seizures Death
When a group of individuals experiences
similar symptoms after eating or drinking
similar foods, food poisoning may be suspected.
Eggs
Meats
Unpasteurized milk or
other fluids
Nuts
Fish
FOODS ASSOCIATED WITH
FOOD POISONING
Cheese
Poultry
Raw fruits and
vegetables
Spices
Mushrooms
Salmonella Spp.
Shigella
Campylobacter
Clostridium perfringens
Toxoplasma gondii
Listeria
monocytogenes*
Clostridium Botulinum
Norvovirus
Helicobacter Jejuni
Rotavirus
Vibrio vulnificus
Vibrio
parahaemolyticus
Adenovirus
CAUSATIVE AGENTS
BACTERIA VIRUS
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
It is simple that a person eats or drinks something
that containing some organism that should not be in
that stuff, so when he or she ingests such a things
the person gets sick.
Always food is contaminated by the disease
causing agents by the handler, unconsciously or by
environment.
MECHANISM OF PATHOGENICITY
A bacterium produces at least two types of toxins
and even more. These include
Emetic toxin
Enterotoxin
Neurotoxin
Emetic toxin:
It stimulates the vagus afferent nerve through
binding to 5-HT3 receptor. The toxin triggers
the brain’s vomiting reflex center and induces
vomiting, which follows abdominal cramps and
diarrhea.
ENTEROTOXIN
Enterotoxins cause two types of diarrhea.
Non-inflammatory diarrhea
inflammatory diarrhea
Non-inflammatory diarrhea is caused by the
actions of enterotoxins on the secretory wall of the
mucosa of small intestine without invasion. This
leads to large volume of watery stools in the
absence of blood, pus or severe abdominal pain,
which may lead to dehydration.
Inflammatory diarrhea is caused by the actions of
cytotoxins on the mucosa leading to invasion and
destruction. The colon or distal small bowel commonly
is involved. The diarrhea usually is bloody, mucoid and
leukocytes are present. Dehydration is less likely than
with non-inflammatory diarrhea because of smaller
stool volume.
Sometimes the organism gets penetrate into the
mucosa and enters into systemic circulation resulting
in severe complications and even death.
Botulinum toxin: (Neurotoxin)
In some types of food poisoning the vomiting is
caused by a toxin that acts on the central nervous
system.
Toxin produced by botulism is called neurotoxin.
Since it is a preformed neurotoxin it shows its
symptoms within 1-6 hours.
The clinical syndrome of botulism results from the
inhibition of acetylcholine release in nerve endings by
botulinum thus causes flaccid paralysis.
CLINICAL USE OF
BOTULINUM TOXIN
Purified botulinum toxin, blocks the release of
chemical acetylcholine that causes muscle
contraction. By selectively interfering with the
underlying muscles ability to contract, existing
frown lines are smoothed out and in most cases
invisible in a week.
Also used to treat misalignment of eyes
commonly known as cross eyes and blephrospasm.
BOTOX injection is FDA approved but no
controlled studies have shown the safety and
efficacy of botox.
DIAGNOSIS
Patient’s
history
Immunologi
cal test( e.g
shiga toxin)
Stool
samples
TREATMENT
ANTIBIOTIC
ANTIPARASITE
ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION
LOPERAMIDE (to treat diarrhea)
PROBIOTICS
MUTTON BROTH WITH RICE
BANANA
ENEMA
PREVENTION
Clean your hands
Use fresh running water to wash fruits and
vegetables
Keep the goods separate (do not cross contaminate)
Cook at the right temperature
Chill (refrigerate food properly)
REFERENCES
 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Food
Safety."<http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/>
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Be Food Safe: Protect Yourself from
Food Poisoning.
http://www.cdc.gov/features/befoodsafe/http://www.cdc.gov/features/befoodsafe/
 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Estimates of foodborne illness
in the U.S.". Jan 08, 2014.
<http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/
 http://www.emedicinehealth.com/food_poisoning/page6_em.htm
 Alcamo’s fundamentals of microbiology 9th edition, CH # 11, page # 348-349
Food poisoning
Food poisoning

More Related Content

What's hot

food poisoning
food poisoning food poisoning
food poisoning
nium
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
velspharmd
 
Food poisoning by sajib reza
Food poisoning by sajib rezaFood poisoning by sajib reza
Food poisoning by sajib reza
Sajib Reza
 
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
Mian Saad Ahmed
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Mahmudul Hasan
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Muhamad Hilmi
 
Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentationFood poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation
St. Xavier's college, maitighar,Kathmandu
 
Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation
puteri nur aisyah
 
Diarrhea & Food poisoning
Diarrhea & Food poisoningDiarrhea & Food poisoning
Diarrhea & Food poisoning
Afra Fathima
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Anju T.N
 
Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning
Anas Ilyas Khanzada
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Saleem sayed
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
DrRajalekshmy Arun
 
20161023 food poisoning
20161023 food poisoning20161023 food poisoning
20161023 food poisoning
Sushrit Neelopant
 
Food Poisoning
Food PoisoningFood Poisoning
Food Poisoning
Mona Mofti
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Basil Wilson
 
Food poisoning in New Zealand
Food poisoning in New ZealandFood poisoning in New Zealand
Food poisoning in New Zealand
Gary Ireland
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
Mahmood Khaleel
 
Food poisoning- Microbiology
Food poisoning- MicrobiologyFood poisoning- Microbiology
Food poisoning- Microbiology
Trishna Kisiju
 
Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoningBacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning
غزل الحياة الشمري
 

What's hot (20)

food poisoning
food poisoning food poisoning
food poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning by sajib reza
Food poisoning by sajib rezaFood poisoning by sajib reza
Food poisoning by sajib reza
 
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
Food Poisoning (Community Medicine)
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentationFood poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation
 
Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation Food poisoning presentation
Food poisoning presentation
 
Diarrhea & Food poisoning
Diarrhea & Food poisoningDiarrhea & Food poisoning
Diarrhea & Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
20161023 food poisoning
20161023 food poisoning20161023 food poisoning
20161023 food poisoning
 
Food Poisoning
Food PoisoningFood Poisoning
Food Poisoning
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning in New Zealand
Food poisoning in New ZealandFood poisoning in New Zealand
Food poisoning in New Zealand
 
Food poisoning
Food poisoningFood poisoning
Food poisoning
 
Food poisoning- Microbiology
Food poisoning- MicrobiologyFood poisoning- Microbiology
Food poisoning- Microbiology
 
Bacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoningBacterial food poisoning
Bacterial food poisoning
 

Similar to Food poisoning

Bacterial diarrhea and dysentery
Bacterial diarrhea and dysenteryBacterial diarrhea and dysentery
Bacterial diarrhea and dysentery
Dr.Dinesh Jain
 
Botulism
BotulismBotulism
Botulism
joram dymisster
 
Botulism-Epi.pptx
Botulism-Epi.pptxBotulism-Epi.pptx
Botulism-Epi.pptx
SelinSakar3
 
Toxemia and endotoxemia
Toxemia and endotoxemiaToxemia and endotoxemia
Toxemia and endotoxemia
Dr-Mohamed Ghanem
 
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdfAntidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
Happychifunda
 
Malabsorption syndrome
Malabsorption syndromeMalabsorption syndrome
Malabsorption syndrome
kuldeep amin
 
Diarrhea & cholera
Diarrhea & choleraDiarrhea & cholera
Diarrhea & cholera
Kamruzzaman Siam
 
Ulcerative collitis.pptx
Ulcerative collitis.pptxUlcerative collitis.pptx
Ulcerative collitis.pptx
Shubham Shukla
 
Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
MedicinaIngles
 
Pepticulcer
Pepticulcer Pepticulcer
Pepticulcer
Ruben Gombalandi
 
epidemiology.ppt22
epidemiology.ppt22epidemiology.ppt22
epidemiology.ppt22
Dr Ufaque Batool Korai
 
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptxPeptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
UVAS
 
Food borne Diseases unit.pptx
Food borne Diseases unit.pptxFood borne Diseases unit.pptx
Food borne Diseases unit.pptx
ChitrarpitaDas2
 
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of GoutDrug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Dr Shah Murad
 
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of GoutDrug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Dr Shah Murad
 
gout
goutgout
Digestive disease
Digestive diseaseDigestive disease
Digestive disease
Aien Fauzi
 
Digestive disease
Digestive diseaseDigestive disease
Digestive disease
Qhairul Aqmal
 
Digestive system disease
Digestive system diseaseDigestive system disease
Digestive system disease
Qhairul Aqmal
 
Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
MedicinaIngles
 

Similar to Food poisoning (20)

Bacterial diarrhea and dysentery
Bacterial diarrhea and dysenteryBacterial diarrhea and dysentery
Bacterial diarrhea and dysentery
 
Botulism
BotulismBotulism
Botulism
 
Botulism-Epi.pptx
Botulism-Epi.pptxBotulism-Epi.pptx
Botulism-Epi.pptx
 
Toxemia and endotoxemia
Toxemia and endotoxemiaToxemia and endotoxemia
Toxemia and endotoxemia
 
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdfAntidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
Antidiarrheals and Constipation.pdf
 
Malabsorption syndrome
Malabsorption syndromeMalabsorption syndrome
Malabsorption syndrome
 
Diarrhea & cholera
Diarrhea & choleraDiarrhea & cholera
Diarrhea & cholera
 
Ulcerative collitis.pptx
Ulcerative collitis.pptxUlcerative collitis.pptx
Ulcerative collitis.pptx
 
Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
 
Pepticulcer
Pepticulcer Pepticulcer
Pepticulcer
 
epidemiology.ppt22
epidemiology.ppt22epidemiology.ppt22
epidemiology.ppt22
 
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptxPeptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
Peptic ulcer disease Pathology.pptx
 
Food borne Diseases unit.pptx
Food borne Diseases unit.pptxFood borne Diseases unit.pptx
Food borne Diseases unit.pptx
 
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of GoutDrug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of Gout
 
Drug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of GoutDrug Treatment Of Gout
Drug Treatment Of Gout
 
gout
goutgout
gout
 
Digestive disease
Digestive diseaseDigestive disease
Digestive disease
 
Digestive disease
Digestive diseaseDigestive disease
Digestive disease
 
Digestive system disease
Digestive system diseaseDigestive system disease
Digestive system disease
 
Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
 

Recently uploaded

Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Josep Vidal-Alaball
 
What are the different types of Dental implants.
What are the different types of Dental implants.What are the different types of Dental implants.
What are the different types of Dental implants.
Gokuldas Hospital
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
rishi2789
 
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public HealthAgeing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
phuakl
 
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of RespirationThe Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
MedicoseAcademics
 
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan PatroJune 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
Kanhu Charan
 
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USENARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
Dr. Ahana Haroon
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdfCHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
rishi2789
 
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxHistololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
AyeshaZaid1
 
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấuK CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
HongBiThi1
 
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.GawadHemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
NephroTube - Dr.Gawad
 
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
FFragrant
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdfCHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
rishi2789
 
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentationvonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
Dr.pavithra Anandan
 
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPromoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
PsychoTech Services
 
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
Gokuldas Hospital
 
Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
 Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer. Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
Gokuldas Hospital
 
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdfPollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Chulalongkorn Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group
 
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdfTest bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
rightmanforbloodline
 
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersTravel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
NX Healthcare
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
 
What are the different types of Dental implants.
What are the different types of Dental implants.What are the different types of Dental implants.
What are the different types of Dental implants.
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 2 _LEPROSY.pdf1
 
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public HealthAgeing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
 
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of RespirationThe Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
 
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan PatroJune 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
 
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USENARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdfCHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 1_ANTI TB DRUGS.pdf
 
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxHistololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
 
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấuK CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
K CỔ TỬ CUNG.pdf tự ghi chép, chữ hơi xấu
 
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.GawadHemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
 
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
 
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdfCHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 4_ANTI VIRAL DRUGS.pdf
 
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentationvonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
vonoprazan A novel drug for GERD presentation
 
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPromoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
 
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
 
Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
 Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer. Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
Skin Diseases That Happen During Summer.
 
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdfPollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
Pollen and Fungal allergy: aeroallergy.pdf
 
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdfTest bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
 
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersTravel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
 

Food poisoning

  • 2. WHAT IS FOOD POISONING Food poisoning is a disease that usually results in vomiting and diarrhea after a person eats or drinks fluids contaminated with certain bacteria, viruses, parasites or chemicals (toxins).
  • 3. DEATHS ATTRIBUTED TO About 31 viral and bacterial pathogens are responsible for almost 76 million diagnosed food poisoning illnesses per year; about 39 million food poisoning cases are unspecified (undiagnosed). Yearly, about 325,000 people are hospitalized and about 5,000 die from all causes of food poisoning.
  • 4.
  • 5. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Abdominal cramps Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea However, symptoms infrequently canget worse.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. Blood in the stool or vomit Dehydrati on Headache Weakness Bloating Kidney & renal disorder SEVERE SYMPTOMS High Fever Diarrhea that lasts more than 3 days Blurry Vision Numbness Seizures Death
  • 9. When a group of individuals experiences similar symptoms after eating or drinking similar foods, food poisoning may be suspected.
  • 10. Eggs Meats Unpasteurized milk or other fluids Nuts Fish FOODS ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD POISONING Cheese Poultry Raw fruits and vegetables Spices Mushrooms
  • 11.
  • 12. Salmonella Spp. Shigella Campylobacter Clostridium perfringens Toxoplasma gondii Listeria monocytogenes* Clostridium Botulinum Norvovirus Helicobacter Jejuni Rotavirus Vibrio vulnificus Vibrio parahaemolyticus Adenovirus CAUSATIVE AGENTS BACTERIA VIRUS
  • 13. MODE OF TRANSMISSION It is simple that a person eats or drinks something that containing some organism that should not be in that stuff, so when he or she ingests such a things the person gets sick. Always food is contaminated by the disease causing agents by the handler, unconsciously or by environment.
  • 14.
  • 15. MECHANISM OF PATHOGENICITY A bacterium produces at least two types of toxins and even more. These include Emetic toxin Enterotoxin Neurotoxin
  • 16. Emetic toxin: It stimulates the vagus afferent nerve through binding to 5-HT3 receptor. The toxin triggers the brain’s vomiting reflex center and induces vomiting, which follows abdominal cramps and diarrhea.
  • 17. ENTEROTOXIN Enterotoxins cause two types of diarrhea. Non-inflammatory diarrhea inflammatory diarrhea
  • 18. Non-inflammatory diarrhea is caused by the actions of enterotoxins on the secretory wall of the mucosa of small intestine without invasion. This leads to large volume of watery stools in the absence of blood, pus or severe abdominal pain, which may lead to dehydration.
  • 19. Inflammatory diarrhea is caused by the actions of cytotoxins on the mucosa leading to invasion and destruction. The colon or distal small bowel commonly is involved. The diarrhea usually is bloody, mucoid and leukocytes are present. Dehydration is less likely than with non-inflammatory diarrhea because of smaller stool volume.
  • 20. Sometimes the organism gets penetrate into the mucosa and enters into systemic circulation resulting in severe complications and even death. Botulinum toxin: (Neurotoxin) In some types of food poisoning the vomiting is caused by a toxin that acts on the central nervous system.
  • 21. Toxin produced by botulism is called neurotoxin. Since it is a preformed neurotoxin it shows its symptoms within 1-6 hours. The clinical syndrome of botulism results from the inhibition of acetylcholine release in nerve endings by botulinum thus causes flaccid paralysis.
  • 22. CLINICAL USE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN Purified botulinum toxin, blocks the release of chemical acetylcholine that causes muscle contraction. By selectively interfering with the underlying muscles ability to contract, existing frown lines are smoothed out and in most cases invisible in a week.
  • 23. Also used to treat misalignment of eyes commonly known as cross eyes and blephrospasm. BOTOX injection is FDA approved but no controlled studies have shown the safety and efficacy of botox.
  • 25. TREATMENT ANTIBIOTIC ANTIPARASITE ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION LOPERAMIDE (to treat diarrhea) PROBIOTICS MUTTON BROTH WITH RICE BANANA ENEMA
  • 26.
  • 27. PREVENTION Clean your hands Use fresh running water to wash fruits and vegetables Keep the goods separate (do not cross contaminate) Cook at the right temperature Chill (refrigerate food properly)
  • 28.
  • 29. REFERENCES  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Food Safety."<http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Be Food Safe: Protect Yourself from Food Poisoning. http://www.cdc.gov/features/befoodsafe/http://www.cdc.gov/features/befoodsafe/  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Estimates of foodborne illness in the U.S.". Jan 08, 2014. <http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/  http://www.emedicinehealth.com/food_poisoning/page6_em.htm  Alcamo’s fundamentals of microbiology 9th edition, CH # 11, page # 348-349