The document describes the diverse flora and fauna found in the Indian state of Sikkim. It lists many animal species found in Sikkim, including the snow leopard, red panda, common langur, Himalayan black bear, and others. It also describes the wide variety of bird species present. The document then provides more details on specific animal species found in Sikkim, such as the Himalayan musk deer, snow leopard, and red panda. It concludes by discussing Sikkim's wide diversity of plant life, including over 5,000 species of flowering plants, as well as rhododendrons, magnolias, orchids, and other flowers.

5. .
The fauna of Sikkim include the snow leopard,
musk deer, Himalayan tahr, redpanda,
Himalayan marmot, Himalayan serow,
Himalayan goral, muntjac, common langur,
Asian black bear, clouded leopard, marbled
cat, leopard cat, dhole, Tibetan wolf, hog
badger, binturong. and Himalayan jungle cat.
Among the animals more commonly found in
the alpine zone areyaks, mainly rearedfor
their milk, meat, and as a beast of burden.

6. The avifauna of Sikkim include the
impeyan pheasant, crimson horned
pheasant, snow partridge, Tibetan
snowcock, bearded vulture and
griffon vulture, as well as golden
eagles, quails, plovers, woodcocks,
sandpipers, pigeons, Old World
flycatchers, babblers and robins.
Sikkim has more than 550 species of
birds, some of which have been
declared endangered.

7. Hodgson's giant flying squirrel is a species of
rodent in the family Sciuridae. This large flying
squirrel lives in Himalayan forests in Asia. Like
other flying squirrels, it is nocturnal and able to
glide long distances between trees by spreading
out its patagium, skin between its limbs.
Flying Squirrel

8. • The leopard cat of continental
Asia was considered the same
species as the Sunda leopard
cat. Leopard cat subspecies
differ widely in fur colour, tail
length, skull shape and size of
carnassials. Archaeological
evidence indicates that the
leopard cat was the first cat
species domesticated in
Neolithic China about 5,000
years ago in Shaanxi and
Henan Provinces.
Leopard Cat

9. The Nepal gray langur
(Semnopithecus schistaceus) is
a gray langur endemic to the
Himalayas in Nepal, far
southwestern Tibet, northern
India, northern Pakistan,
Bhutan and possibly
Afghanistan. It is found in
forests at an elevation of 1,500
to 4,000 metres (4,900 to 13,100
ft). Its easternmost limit in
India is Buxa Tiger Reserve in
northern West Bengal, at least
up to the Rydak river.
Common Langur

10. The white-bellied musk deer or
Himalayan musk deer is a musk
deer species occurring in the
Himalayas of Nepal, Bhutan, India,
Pakistan and China. It inhabits high
alpine environments above
altitudes of 2,500 m (8,200 ft).
Musk Deer

11. Snow leopards live in the
mountainous regions of central
and southern Asia. In India, their
geographical range encompasses
a large part of the western
Himalayas including the states
of Jammu and Kashmir,
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand
and Sikkim and Arunachal
Pradesh in the eastern
Himalayas. Snow Leopard

12. The Himalayan black bear is a
subspecies of the Asian black bear
found in the Himalayas of India,
Bhutan, Nepal, China, and
Pakistan. During the summer
Himalayan black bears can be
found in warmer areas of Nepal,
China, Russia, and Tibet as high
as 4,000 metres, approaching the
treeline. In winter they descend to
the lower, tropical forests typically
at around 1,500 to 2,000 metres.
Himalayan Black Bear

13. The redpanda is a small arboreal
mammalfound in the forestsof
India, Nepal, Bhutan and the
northernmountains of Myanmar
and southernChina. ... In India, it is
found in Sikkim, western
ArunachalPradesh.Darjeeling
district of West Bengal and partsof
Meghalaya. It is also the state
animal of Sikkim
Red Panda

14. FLORA OF SIKKIM
• The glory of Sikkim is its breathtaking array of flowers. Sikkims geographical positioning has gifted it a repository of over
5000 species of flowering plants. Forests of magnolia, blue poppies, primulas, gentians and geraniums create a spell-binding
floral spectacle. Orchids, gladioli, poppies, azaleas and camellias add to the heady collection. Its great variety of
rhododendron ranges from shrubs at ground level to towering specimens that set the terrain ablaze in a riot of colours.
• The first study of the flora of Sikkim wasundertaken by Sir Joseph Hooker, the noted English botanist. Hooker traveled to
the interiors of Sikkim, including remote mountain regions in 1848 49. His expedition resulted in amazing new discovery of
numerous plant and animal life in the area. He published the Rhododendrons of Sikkim in 1849 while his record of his
travels in Sikkim published as Himalayan Journals is the most comprehensive guide to the botanical splendour of the region.
Hooker divided Sikkim into three botanical zones, the tropical from almost sea level height to around 5000 ft, the temperate
from 5000 feet to 13000 feet, and the alpine from 13000 feet upwards.

15. Sikkim (/'sıkım/) is a state in northeastern India. It borders
Tibet in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Nepal
in the west, and West Bengal in the south. Sikkim is also
located close to India's Siliguri Corridor near Bangladesh.
Sikkim is the least populous and second smallest among the
Indian states. A part of the Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim is
notable for its biodiversity, including alpine and subtropical
climates, as well as being a host to Kangchenjunga, the
highest peak in India and third highest on Earth. Sikkim's
capital and largest city is Gangtok. Almost 35% of the state is
covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park. The
Kingdom of Sikkim was founded by the Namgyal dynasty in
the 17th century.

16. It was ruled by a Buddhist priest-king known as the Chogyal. It became
a princely state of British India in 1890. After 1947, Sikkim continued its
protectorate status with the Republic of India. It enjoyed the highest
literacy rate and per capita income among Himalayan states. In 1973,
anti-royalist riots took place in front of the Chogyal's palace. In 1975,
the monarchy was deposed by the people. A referendum in 1975 led to
Sikkim joining India as its 22nd state. Modern Sikkim is a multiethnic
and multilingual Indian state. The official languages of the state are
English. Nepali, Sikkimese and Lepcha. Additional official languages
include Gurung, Limbu, Magar, Mukhia, Newari, Rai, Sherpa and Tamang
for the purpose of preservation of culture and tradition in the state.
English is taught in schools and used in government documents. The
predominant religions are Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism.

17. Hydrangea common names
hydrangea or hortensia, is
a genus of 70-75 species
of flowering plants native
to Asia and the Americas.
By far the greatest species
diversity is in eastern Asia,
notably Korea, China, and
Japan. Most are shrubs 1 to
3 meters tall, but some are
small trees, and others
lianas reaching up to 30 m
(96 ft) by climbing up trees.
They can be either
deciduous or evergreen,
though the widely
cultivated temperate species
are all deciduous.
Hydrangea

18. Hemerocallis fulva,
the orange day-lily,
tawny daylily, corn
lily, tiger daylily,
fulvous daylily or
ditch lily, is a
species of daylily
native to Asia. It is
very widely grown
as an ornamental
plant in temperate
climates for its
showy flowers and
ease of cultivation.
Orange Day Lily

19. Brugmansia 'Frosty
Pink (Angel's Trumpet)
is a tropical shrub or
small tree laden with
huge, pendulous,
trumpet-shaped,
salmon-pink flowers,
8-10 in. long (20-25
cm).... Sparkling against
the foliage of long,
dark green leaves, the
flowers exude a
powerful fragrance in
the evenings.
Pink Angel Trumpet

20. Brugmansia is a genus of
seven species of flowering
plants in the family
Solanaceae. They are woody
trees or shrubs, with
pendulous flowers, and have
no spines on their fruit.
Their large, fragrant flowers
give them their common
name of angel's trumpets, a
name sometimes used for
the closely related genus
Datura.
Angel's Trumpet

21. Brugmansia is a
genus of seven
species of
flowering plants
in the family
Solanaceae. They
are... They come
in shades of
white. yellow,
pink, orange,
green, or red.
White Brugmansia

22. purpurea, the foxglove or
common foxglove, is a
species of flowering plant
in the plantain family
Plantaginaceae, native to
and widespread throughout
most of temperate Europe.
It has also naturalised in
parts of North America and
some other temperate
regions.
Purple Foxglove

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