Sikkim is a small Indian state located in the Himalayan mountains. According to legend, Buddhism was introduced to Sikkim in the 8th century by the Buddhist guru Padmasambhava. In 1642, the Namgyal dynasty was established when Phuntsog Namgyal was consecrated as the first priest-king, or Chogyal, of Sikkim. In 1975, Sikkim became a state of India after a referendum abolished the monarchy. Today, Sikkim's economy depends on agriculture and tourism. The state is known for its diverse terrain and biodiversity in the Himalayas, including the world's third-highest peak, Kangchenjunga,

1. Sikkim

3. Meaning of the name “Sikkim”
 The most widely accepted origin theory of the
name Sikkim is that it is a combination of
two Limbu words: su, which means "new", and khyim,
which means "palace" or "house". The name is
believed to be a reference to the palace built by the
state's first ruler,Phuntsog Namgyal. The Tibetan name
for Sikkim is Denjong, which means "valley
of rice",[11] while the Bhutias call it Beyul Demazong,
which means '"the hidden valley of rice".[12] The Lepcha
people, the original inhabitants of Sikkim, called it Nye-
mae-el, meaning "paradise".[12] In History, Sikkim is
known as Indrakil, the garden of the war god Indra.[13]

4. Sikkim
 Sikkim (/ˈsɪkɨm/; also known as Shikim or Su Khyim; see Toponymy for
other names) is a landlocked Indian state located in
theHimalayan mountains. The state is bordered by Nepal to the west,
China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north and east, andBhutan to
the east. The Indian state of West Bengal lies to the south.[2]
 With 610,577 inhabitants as of the 2011 census,[1] Sikkim is the least
populous state in India and the second-smallest state afterGoa in total
area, covering approximately 7,096 km2 (2,740 sq mi).[3] Sikkim is
nonetheless geographically diverse due to its location in the Himalayas;
the climate ranges from subtropical to high alpine,
and Kangchenjunga, the world's third-highest peak, is located on
Sikkim's border with Nepal.[4] Sikkim is a popular tourist destination,
owing to its culture, scenery and biodiversity. It also has the only open
land border between India and China.[5] Sikkim's capital and largest
city is Gangtok.

5.  According to legend,
the Buddhist guru Padmasambhava visited Sikkim in the 8th
century AD, introduced Buddhism and foretold the era of the
Sikkimese monarchy.[6] Sikkim's Namgyal dynasty was
established in 1642. Over the next 150 years, the kingdom
witnessed frequent raids and territorial losses to Nepalese
invaders.[citation needed] In the 19th century, it allied itself
with British India, eventually becoming a
British protectorate.[citation needed] In 1975, a
referendum abolished the Sikkimese monarchy, and the
territory was merged with India.[citation needed]
 Sikkim has 11 official languages: Nepali (which is its lingua
franca), Sikkimese, Lepcha, Tamang, Limbu, Newari, Rai, Gurun
g,Magar, Sunwar and English.[7][8] English is taught in schools
and used in government documents. The predominant religions
areHinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism. Sikkim's economy is
largely dependent on agriculture and tourism, and as of
2012 the state has the third-smallest GDP among Indian
states,[9] although it is also among the fastest-growing.[9][10]

6. Foundation of monarchy
 Founding of the monarchy
 Little is known about Sikkim's ancient history, beyond the fact that its
original inhabitants were the Lepcha.[14] The earliest historical mention
of Sikkim is a record of the passage of the Buddhist
saint Padmasambhava, also known as Guru Rinpoche, through the land
in the 8th century AD.[6] The Guru is reported to have blessed the land,
introduced Buddhism, and foretold the era of monarchy that would
arrive in Sikkim centuries later. According to legend, Khye Bumsa, a
14th-century prince from theMinyak House in Kham in eastern Tibet,
received a divine revelation instructing him to travel south to seek his
fortunes. A fifth-generation descendant of Khye Bumsa, Phuntsog
Namgyal, became the founder of Sikkim's monarchy in 1642, when he
was consecrated as the first Chogyal, or priest-king, of Sikkim by the
three venerated lamas at Yuksom.[15]

7. Sikkim after Indian
Independence (1947)
 In 1947, when India became independent, a popular vote rejected
Sikkim's joining the Indian Union. Although a treaty was made
between India and Sikkim in 1950, in the interest of Prime
Minister Jawaharlal Nehru . That Indo-Sikkim treaty made Sikkim an
Indian protectoratestatus. Sikkim came under the suzerainty of India,
which controlled its external affairs, defence, diplomacy and
communications, but Sikkim otherwise retained administrative
autonomy.
 A state council was established in 1953 to allow for constitutional
government under the Chogyal. Meanwhile, the Sikkim National
Congress demanded fresh elections and greater representation for
Nepalis in Sikkim. Palden Thondup Namgyal, the Chogyal at the time,
proved to be extremely unpopular with the people, and in 1973, riots in
front of the Chogyal's palace led to a formal request for protection
from India.

8. Recent history
 In 2000, the seventeenth Karmapa, Urgyen Trinley Dorje, who had
been confirmed by the Dalai Lama and accepted as a tulku by the
Chinese government, escaped from Tibet, seeking to return to
the Rumtek Monastery in Sikkim. Chinese officials were in a
quandary on this issue, as any protests to India would mean an
explicit endorsement of India's governance of Sikkim, which China
still recognised as an independent state occupied by India. The
Chinese government eventually recognised Sikkim as an Indian
state in 2003, on the condition that India officially
recognise Tibet as a part of China;[26] New Delhi had originally
accepted Tibet as a part of China in 1953 during the government of
Jawaharlal Nehru.[27] The 2003 agreement led to a thaw in Sino-
Indian relations,[28] and on 6 July 2006, the Sikkimese Himalayan
pass of Nathu La was opened to cross-border trade, becoming the
first open border between India and China.[5] The pass, which had
previously been closed since the 1962 Sino-Indian War, was an
offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.[5]
 On 18 September 2011, a magnitude 6.9Mw earthquake struck
Sikkim, killing at least 116 people in the state and in Nepal, Bhutan,
Bangladesh and Tibet.[29] More than 60 people died in Sikkim
alone, and the city of Gangtok suffered significant damage.[30]

9. Places to Visit
 Kangchenjunga sunrise
from Sikkim. 8,586
metres (28,169 ft) tall,
it is second highest
peak in India and the
third-highest on Earth.

10. Ban Jhakri Falls & Park, Gangtok

11. About the places
 Nestling as it does in the Himalayan mountains, the state of
Sikkim is characterised by mountainous terrain. Almost the
entire state is hilly, with an elevation ranging from 280
metres (920 ft) to 8,586 metres (28,169 ft). The summit
of Kangchenjunga—the world's third-highest peak—is the
state's highest point, situated on the border between
Sikkim and Nepal.[4] For the most part, the land is unfit for
agriculture because of the rocky, precipitous slopes.
However, some hill slopes have been converted into terrace
farms. Numerous snow-fed streams have carved out river
valleys in the west and south of the state. These streams
combine into the major Teesta River and its tributary,
the Rangeet, which flow through the state from north to
south.[31] About a third of the state is heavily forested.

12.  The Himalayan mountains surround the northern, eastern
and western borders of Sikkim. The Lower Himalayas, lying
in the southern reaches of the state, are the most densely
populated. The state has 28 mountain peaks, more than
80 glaciers,[32] 227 high-altitude lakes (including
theTsongmo, Gurudongmar and Khecheopalri Lakes), five
major hot springs, and more than 100 rivers and streams.
Eight mountain passes connect the state to Tibet, Bhutan
and Nepal.[33]
 Sikkim's hot springs are renowned for their medicinal and
therapeutic values. Among the state's most notable hot
springs are those at Phurchachu, Yumthang, Borang,
Ralang, Taram-chu and Yumey Samdong. The springs, which
have a high sulphur content, are located near river banks;
some are known to emit hydrogen.[34] The average
temperature of the water in these hot springs is 50 °C
(122 °F).[35]


13. Disaster in sikkim (earthquake)
8.october.2011
 On September 18 an earthquake of the magnitude
of 6.8 by the Richter scale struck Sikkim at about
6.18 pm The epicentre of the quake was located
about 67 kms north-west of Gangtok—the State
capital. The epicenter was located to be precise at
Mangan, the headquarter, of the Sikkim North
district. There were about four-to-five aftershocks
of lesser intensity within five-to-six hours. Minor
tremors were felt even after a few days.

14.  The earthquake caused severe damage to the lives and property of the
people. Houses tumbled, the roads cracked and more than 100 lives
were lost inSikkim, Nepal and Tibet. Maximum damage was seen
in Sikkim and remote villages remained cut off for days as the roads
got breached at several places. Maximum loss of lives occurred in
North Sikkim. Ten lives were reportedly lost at the site of a Hydro
Electric Project (HEP) in North Sikkim. At Lachung in the same district
three houses are reported to have been swept away by landslide. The
event saw very high level dignitaries from India visiting the State.
Mamata Banerjee, the West Bengal Chief Minister, was the first to visit
the State and meet the grief-stricken people. She also assured material
support from her State. Rahul Gandhi, the Congress General Secretary,
too made a prompt visit to the State. Pawan Kumar Chamling, the
Chief Minister of Sikkim, stated that the loss of property due to the
quake stood at Rs 100 lakhs crores. The quake in Sikkim was not
entirely unanticipated since it falls in the Seismic Zone IV. It witnesses
frequent low intensity shallow focus micro-earthquakes. In fact, the
State lies on an earthquake faultline. The Indian tectonic plane here is
gradually pushing up the Eurasian plane for over the last million years.
This tectonic movement can cause earthquakes of even larger intensity
in the coming years to come.

15. Cm of Sikkim
 Pawan Kumar
Chamling (Nepali : पवन
कु मार चाम्लिङ) (born 22
September 1950) is the
fifth and incumbent chief
minister of the Indian
state of Sikkim. Chamling
is the founder president of
the Sikkim Democratic
Front, which has governed
the state for five
successive terms since
1994.

16. thank u
 Swag BRo’s PVT .LTD.