Uttarakhand and Karnataka have rich biodiversity. Uttarakhand is home to 4,000 plant species, 102 mammal species, and endangered species like the snow leopard and tiger. It has 6 wildlife sanctuaries and 6 national parks, including Jim Corbett National Park. Karnataka also has high biodiversity, especially in the Western Ghats. Both states are working to protect endangered species like the Indian elephant, Indian leopard, and sloth bear, though most remain on the IUCN Red List due to threats like habitat loss.

1. BIODIVERSITY !!!
UTTARAKHAND AND KARNATAKA

2. Uttarakhand shelters around 4,000 species of plants, under 192
families.
Of these, 161 species are recognised as rare or threatened by the
International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Around 223 species of orchids have been found in North India, and of
these, 150 are from Uttarakhand.
The state is home to about 102 species of mammals, 124 varieties of
fish, 19 types of amphibians and 69 categories of reptiles.
Some of the highly endangered faunae you can find in Uttarakhand are
Asian elephant, snow leopard, tiger, musk deer, Himalayan
monal….etc.
The state has 6 wildlife sanctuaries and 6 national parks. The first
national park of India, The Jim Corbett National Park is situated in
Uttarakhand.
UTTARAKHAND’S FLORA AND FAUNA

3. Few famous and endangered
plant species conserved in
Uttarakhand are…..
Badritulsi
Badritulsi is from the holy town of
Badrinath, in the hills of Chamoli,
Uttarakhand… This plant has a great
ability to absorb Carbon Dioxide.
It is effective in treating heart disease,
malaria and is used in anti-bacterial,
anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-
oxidant and anti-parasite medicines!
UTTARAKHAND’S FLORA

4. Brahmi
The other name of this plant is
Bacopamonnieri.
It grows in wet, tropical
environments and its ability to thrive
underwater makes it popular for
aquarium use.
It contains powerful antioxidants.
Prevents anxiety and stress.

5. Sita Ashoka Tree
The scientific name of Sita Ashoka Tree
is Saracaasoca and it belongs to
Leguminosae family.
It is found growing naturally in Western
Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas. It is
small sized, 7-10 m tall, evergreen tree
with branches spreading in all directions
and forming a crown shape!

6. The Alpine musk deer
❖The Alpine musk deer recorded in the
Himalayan foothills is now considered a
separate species…The Himalayan musk
deer is the state animal of Uttarakhand
❖The Alpine musk deer is a small deer
(40–60 cm tall) with long upper canines
that do not hide within the mouth. Alpine
musk deer have a larger body size
compared to other musk deer
This deer is a ruminant herbivore
UTTARAKHAND’S FAUNA

7. The Himalayan Monal
❖ The Himalayan monal also known as
the Impeyan monal and Impeyan pheasant, is
a pheasant native to Himalayan forests and
shrublands.
❖ It is part of the family Phasianidae and is
listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
The State Bird of Uttarakhand, where it is known
as the monal.
❖ In some areas, the species is threatened due
to poaching and other anthropogenic factors. The
male monal was under hunting pressure
in Himachal Pradesh, where its crest feather was
used to decorate men's hats…!

8. Papilio bianor
❖Papilio bianor, the Common peacock or
Chinese peacock is a species of butterfly in
the family Papilionidae…
❖The state government of Uttarakhand
has chosen ‘Common Peacock’ as the state
butterfly!!!
❖This species is variable in size.
Individuals emerged in the spring reach 4
to 8 centimeters wide, while those
emerged in the summer can reach 12
centimeters. !

9. • The state of Karnataka in South India has a rich
diversity of flora and fauna.
• It has a recorded forest area of 38720 km which
constitutes 12.3% of the total geographical area of
the state.
• Many regions of Karnataka are still unexplored
which makes it an interesting area to find new
species of flora and fauna each day. The Western
Ghats mountains in the western region of Karnataka
are a biodiversity hotspot.!

10. KARNATAKA’S FLORA
• Common Name : Saldhupa
• Scientific Name : Vateria indica
Saldhupa
• Very large, stout-stemmed, spreading and resinous tree of
the evergreen forest.
• Tall tree generally up to 40 m sometimes up to 60 m.
• Flowers are attractive, white with yellow anthers, borne in
axillary panicles.
• Wood is light, moderately durable, used in the past for
plywood.
• A resin called white dammar is extracted by scratching the
bark. It makes good varnish, is used as incense and medicine…

11. • Canopy and emergent tree in evergreen forest
up to 800 m elevation.
• It is one of the loftiest and largest evergreen
forests of the Western Ghats normally reaching up
to about 40 m in height and up to about 4 to 5 m
in girth under extremely favorable conditions, this
species is reported to have reached greater
heights up to about 60 m.
• It has deeply fissured trunk, large conspicuous
stipules, and winged fruits resembling shuttle-
cocks.
• One of the earliest evergreen tree species from
Karnataka used for railway sleepers.
• The stem of the tree yields a sweet-smelling
resin having medicinal value as well as
commercial use for manufacture of spirits and
varnishes.
DHUMA

12. • Common Name : Ennemara
• Scientific Name : Kingiodendronpinnatum
• Canopy tree in wet evergreen forest up to 900 m
elevation.
• It grows up to about 35 m in height and up to about
1.2 m in diameter.
• Flowers are small, numerous, white, borne in
racemose panicles.
• Wood is considered of high quality with floral
design used for construction etc..
• The oleo-resin extracted from the cut wood is used
for commercial purposes, and as medicine. It is also
used for treating sores of elephants.
The bark is also used as a substitute of Saracaasoca
(asoka) in various Ayurvedic medicinal formulations,
especially for gynecological disorders.
Ennemara

13. KARNATAKA’S FAUNA
The Indian elephant is one of three extant recognised
subspecies of the Asian elephant and native to mainland
Asia.
The tip of their trunk has one finger-like process. Their
back is convex or level.
Indian elephants reach a shoulder height of between 2
and 3.5 m weigh between 2,000 and 5,000 kg , and have
19 pairs of ribs.
Indian elephants have smaller ears, but relatively broader
skulls and larger trunks. Toes are large and broad.
Since 1986, the Asian elephant has been listed as
Endangered on the IUCN Red List as the wild population
has declined by at least 50% since the 1930s to 1940s, i.e.
three elephant generations. The Asian elephant is
threatened by habitat loss, degradation and
fragmentation
The Indian elephant

14. The Indian leopard is a leopard subspecies widely
distributed on the Indian subcontinent.
The species Panthera pardus is listed as Vulnerable on
the IUCN Red List because populations have declined
following habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching for
the illegal trade of skins and body parts, and
persecution due to conflict situations.
The Indian leopard is one of the big cats apart from the
Asiatic lion, Bengal tiger, snow leopard and clouded
leopard.
Its coat is spotted and rosetted on a pale yellow to
yellowish-brown or golden background. The pattern of
the rosettes is unique to each individual.
COLOUR CHANGING FUR!
Fur colour tends to be more pale and cream in arid
habitats, more gray in colder climates, and of a darker
golden hue in rainforest habitats.
Panthera pardus (The Indian leopard)

15. The sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) is a
myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian
subcontinent.
It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It has also been
called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip
and palate used for sucking up insects.
Sloth bear muzzles are thick and long, with small jaws
and bulbous snouts with wide nostrils.
When their territories are encroached upon by
humans, they sometimes attack them.
Historically, humans have drastically reduced these
bears' habitat and diminished their population by
hunting them for food and products such as their
bacula and claws. Sloth bears have been tamed and
used as performing animals and as pets!!!
It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly
because of habitat loss and degradation.
The sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)

16. WHAT DO WE UNDERSTAND FROM ALL OF THESE ???
KARANATKA AND UTTARAKHAND’S GOVERNMENT ARE
TRYING THEIR BEST TO KEEP THESE ENDANGERED SPECIES
SAFE !
BUT ! MOST OF THEM ARE STILL ON THE IUCN RED LIST !
ALL WE CAN DO AS STUDENTS IS TO BELIEVE AND SPREAD A
WORD TO EACH OTHER…
THAT IS ….
GOD HAS CREATED US TO TAKE
CARE OF HIS CREATIONS , NOT TO
DESTROY IT !

17. PRESENTED BY GROUP 5
IX-A
SNEHA
SRINIKETH
LAKSHITA
STUTI
SCIENCE ART INTEGRATION