Ferro cement The term Ferro cement is most commonly applied to a mixture of Portland cement and sand applied over layers of woven or expanded steel mesh and closely spaced small-diameter steel rods. It can be used to form relatively thin, compound curved sheets to make hulls for boats, shell roofs, water tanks, etc. It has been used in a wide range of other applications including sculpture and prefabricated building components. The term has been applied by extension to other composite materials including some containing no cement and no ferrous material. These are better referred to by terms describing their actual contents.

1. FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL FIBRE
REINFORCED AND LATEX MODIFIED
FERROCEMENT SLABS
BY
ABRAHAM JAMES FINNEY
DIVYA RUBAN
SANTHOSH KUMAR
GOVINDARAJ
Project guide
Mr.S.Sivachandran
Asst professor
Civil department

2. FERROCEMENT
 Mixture of portland cement and sand applied over
layers of woven or expanded steel mesh
 Desired shape can be built.
 Economical.
 Lesser cross sectional area.
 Relatively thin, compound curved sheets to make
hulls for boats, shell roofs, water tanks, etc

3. LATEX
• Latex -carboxylate styrene butadiene copolymer.
• Improves bond strength.
• Increases flexural & compression strength
• Enhances impact strength.
• Resistance to hydrolysis.

4. MICRO STEEL FIBER
• Increases structural integrity.
• It contains short discrete fibers that are uniformly
distributed and randomly oriented.
• Controls cracking.
• They also reduce the permeability of slab.
• It produce greater impact, abrasion, and shatter–
resistance in concrete.

5. The Process of cutting the Welded mesh Micro Steel Fibre
Ferrocement structure
Construction of a Ferrocement tank

6. OBJECTIVES
 To identify various ingredients used for Ferrocement slabs.
 Preliminary study on properties of materials used in this project.
 Mix design of cement : sand ratio is 1:2.
 Comparison of mechanical properties of steel fibre reinforced
cement mortar Ferrocement slabs and latex modified reinforced
cement mortar Ferrocement slabs.
 Comparison of Strength between two types of Ferrocement
slabs by adding different layers of welded mesh.
 Analysis of test results and arrive conclusions.

7. METHODOLOGY
 Literature review on Ferrocement slabs.
 Study of codal provisions.
 Collection of welded mesh, steel fibres, latex and other ingredients.
 Preliminary tests on materials.
 Design of mortar mix.
 Casting of the Ferrocement slabs.
 Flexural strength and the mechanical properties such as ductility,
toughness and energy of all specimens to be calculated.
 Analysis of the test results.
 Comparison of the results obtained.
 Conclusion.

8. APPLICATIONS OF FERROCEMENT ELEMENTS
 Strengthening of RC Beams using Ferrocement
Laminates
 Water Tanks
 Secondary Roofing Slabs
 Sunscreens
 Hulls of boats
 sculptures

9. MATERIALS SPECIFICATION
 Cement: Portland Pozzolanic Cement of grade53
 Fine aggregate: Ordinary river sand sieve of size
2.36 .
 Mortar: Cube specimens of size 70 mm x 70 mm x
70 mm
 Micro Steel fibres : length 13mm,dia 0.15mm
 Steel Mesh: Diameter 1mm, grid size 1 X 1 cm.

10. DESIGN OF FERROCEMENT SLABS
Batch A-Steel fibre reinforced cement mortar Ferrocement slab
No. of
speci
mens
Name of The
Specimen
No of layers of welded
meshes
Size of the slab
(mm)
Cement: Sand
Mix ratio
1 A1 4 600 × 300 1:2
1 A2 6 600 × 300 1:2
1 A3 8 600 × 300 1:2

11. Batch A- Steel fibre reinforced cement mortar Ferrocement slab
 Weight of the cement = 20 kg
 Weight of sand = 40 kg
 Weight of water = 4.7 litre
 Weight of steel fibres = 2 kg
 Weight of the 4 layered mesh, A1 = 444gm
 Weight of the 6layered mesh, A2 = 712gm
 Weight of the 8 layered mesh, A3 = 1.045 kg
 The total weight of the 4 layered slab = 9.55 kg
 The total weight of the 6 layered slab = 11.36 kg
 The total weight of the 8 layered slab = 11.85 kg

12. BATCH B: LATEX MODIFIED STEEL FIBRE
REINFORCED FERROCEMENT SLAB
No. of
specimens
Name of The
Specimen
No of layers of welded
meshes
Size of the slab
(mm)
Cement:Sand
Mix ratio
1 B1 4 600 × 300 1:2
1 B2 6 600 × 300 1:2
1 B3 8 600 × 300 1:2

13. Batch B
 Weight of the cement = 20 kg
 Weight of sand = 40 kg
 Weight of water = 2.82litre
 Weight of steel fibres = 2 kg
 Weight of the latex = 950ml
 Weight of the 4 layered mesh, B1 = 444gm
 Weight of the 6layered mesh, B2 = 712 gm
 Weight of the 8 layered mesh, B3 = 1.045 kg
 The total weight of the 4 layered slab = 12.01 kg
 The total weight of the 6 layered slab = 12.25 kg
 The total weight of the 8 layered slab = 12.40 kg

14. TESTS ON MORTAR CUBE
The mix proportion of the mortar cube
Cement : sand : water ratio : 1 : 2 : 0.47
Compressive Strength of mortar specimens
S.no Days Compressive Strength (MPa)
1 0 0
2 3 21.50
3 7 23.01
4 28 33.22

15. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT CURVE FOR
MORTAR CUBE

16. TESTING OF FERROCEMENT SLABS
 Casting of the slabs specimen
 Curing
 Preparation for test specimens
 Flexural test on Ferrocement slabs

17. Specimen placed in closed mould
Casting of the slabs specimen

18. Deflectometer placed on the Ferrocement
slab specimen
The specimens are subjected to flexural
strength test using UTM machine

19. DEFORMATION AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR OF
SLABS UNDER FLEXURAL LOADING.
Slab
I.D
First
Cracking
load
(KN)
1ST
cracking
central
deflection
(mm)
No of
cracks at
first crack
Spacing
at first
crack
(mm)
Ultimate
load
(KN)
Ultimate
load
Deflection
(mm)
No of
cracks at
ultimate
load
Crack
spacing at
ultimate
load
(mm)
A1 4 3.53 5 220 5.6 13.44 54 10
A2 4 2.33 6 40 7.28 8.44 32 20
A3 4.4 2.34 2 40 10.08 16.49 26 10
B1 3.2 4.21 7 30 5.6 13.01 23 15
B2 2 1.99 6 30 5.68 8.5 17 25
B3 3 2.15 5 30 8.4 16.64 30 15

20. 6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15
Load (KN)
Deflection (mm)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
Load (KN)
Deflection (mm)
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Load (KN)
Deflection (mm)
Batch A
A1 A2
A3

21. 6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15
Load (KN)
Deflection (mm)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 20
LOAD(Kn)
DEFLECTION(mm)
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 5 10 15 20
LOAD (KN)
DEFLECTION(mm)
Batch B
B1
B3
B2

22. FLEXURAL STRENGTH
FORMULA USED
R = P*L / b*푑2
NO OF LAYERS FLEXURAL STRENGTH
(Kn/m2)
BATCH A BATCH B
4 1.4388 1.5476
6 1.7384 2.1384
8 2.4355 4.1362

23. ENERGY ABSORPTION CAPACITY
ENERGY = AREA UNDER THE LOAD DEFLECTION CURVE
No of layers Batch A
(KN mm)
Batch B
(KN mm)
4 2.62 2.823
6 4.977 5.83
8 5.22 6.15

24. COMPARISON OF ENERGY ABSORPTION
CAPACITY
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1 2 3 4
No of layers
Ferro- steel fibre (J/sec)
Ferro-latex and steel fibre (J/Sec)

25. CALCULATION OF DUCTILITY VALUE
Formula used
Ductility = Ultimate load / First cracking load
No of layers Batch A Batch B
4 1.4 1.875
6 1.82 2.84
8 2.7 3.36

26. COMPARISON OF DUCTILITY VALUE
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4
No of layers
Ferro- steel fibre
Ferro-latex and steel fibre

27. CALCULATION OF TOUGHNESS VALUE:
Toughness = Total area of the curve/ area up to first crack obtained curve.
No of layers Batch A Batch B
4 382.86 589.83
6 628.31 1026.02
8 1180.33 1337.55

28. COMPARISON OF TOUGHNESS VALUE:
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4
No of layers
Ferro- steel fibre (mm)
Ferro-latex and steel fibre (mm)

29. RESULTS
The below table shows the increase in percentage of the Flexural strength
and mechanical properties of Latex modified Steel fibre reinforced
ferrocement slabs over Steel fibre reinforced ferrocement slabs
Specimen Flexural
strength
Energy
absorption
value
Ductility Toughness
B1>A1 7.69 % 7.75 % 33.9% 54.05%
B2>A2 23.82 % 17.14% 56.04% 63.21%
B3>A3 69.95 % 17.82% 24% 13.32%

30. CONCLUSION
Thus from the above comparison it is evident that the
latex modified steel fibre reinforced cement mortar
Ferro cement slabs of 4, 6 and 8 layers are having a
greater flexural strength and mechanical properties.

31. Thank You