2. ABSTRACT
This experimental study deals with M50 grade
of concrete having mix proportion 1:1.5:2.6 with
water cement ratio 0.3.
Hence to improve the workability, durability and
the ultimate strength of the concrete, high
performance concrete (HPC) with super
plasticizers and pozzollans are used.
The concrete containing steel fiber of 1%
volume fraction of hook end with 60 aspect ratio.
Silica fume used as a replacement of cement
about 10% by weight and also super plasticizer
are added as per requirement for achieving desired
workability of concrete.
3. A relationship between workability,
compressive strength and flexural tensile strength
represented mathematically and graphically.
The use of silica fume increased both the
mechanical strength and the modulus of elasticity
of concrete.
On the other hand, the addition of steel fiber
into concrete improves toughness of high strength
concrete significantly.
4. AIM
The main aim of our project is to determine the
mechanical and durability properties of high
strength concrete using silica fume and steel fiber.
To increase the tensile strength of concrete by
using steel fiber.
The addition of steel fiber into concrete
improves toughness of high strength concrete
significantly.
The addition of silica fume will also increase the
modulus of elasticity and mechanical properties of
concrete.
5. INTRODUCTION
An effort is made to combine the structural
properties of steel fiber reinforcement with
those of cement concrete with silica fume and
super plasticizer.
This study will enhance for a designer to
combine the advantages of steel fiber and silica
fume like increased strength, increased
workability, reduced voids etc with those of
fiber reinforcement.
HPC permits the use of reduced sizes of
structural member, increased building height in
congested areas and early removal of
formwork.
6. OBJECTIVES
To achieve high strength and durability
as compared to conventional concrete
To reduce the voids in concrete
To increase the tensile strength of
concrete
To increase the toughness of concrete
To reduce the CO2 emission by using
pozzolanic materials.
7. LITERATURE REVIEW
1.Handong yan, Wei sun, Husiu chen (1999):
In their investigation, the impact and
fatigue performance of high strength concrete, silica
fume high strength concrete, steel fiber high strength
concrete and steel fiber silica fume high strength
concrete under the action of repeated dynamic
loading were studied. The results indicate that, steel
fiber effectively restrained the invitation and
propagation of cracks during the failure. Steel fibers
mainly strengthen, toughen and resist cracking in
HSC.
8. 2. Jain-Tong Ding and Zongjinli (2002)
Investigated the properties of concrete by
incorporating 10% cement replacement by silica
fume. They concluded that by incorporation of silica
fume, they can reduce the free drying shrinkage and
restrained shrinkage cracking width. Also they can
reduce the chloride diffusion rate significantly.
3.Sameer, E.A., and Balaguru P.N(1992):
Experimentally investigated the stress-
strain behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete with
and without silica fume. They proposed a simple
equation to predict the complete stress-strain curve.
They observed a marginal increase in the
compressive strength, the strain corresponding to
peak stress and the secant modulus of elasticity.
9. 4. V.Ravindar, Rounak Hussain,M.E:
The investigation on high strength fiber
reinforced concrete with Silica Fume and
Metakaolin as a partial replacement of cement.
Concrete when mixed with fibers, give fibrous
concrete. The mechanical property of fibrous
concrete is superior to that of ordinary concrete.
5.Romualdi and Batson(1963):
After conducting impact test on fiber
reinforced concrete specimens, they concluded that
first crack strength improved by addition of closely
spaced continuous steel fibers in it. The steel fibers
prevent the adverting of micro cracks by applying
pinching forces at the crack tips and thus delaying
the propagation of the cracks.
11. Study of materials
Material testing
Design mix proportion
Conventional
concrete
Silica fume and steel
fiber
Casting on specimens
Testing
Results and discussion
Conclusion
12. MATERIAL TESTING
S.No Materials Properties
1 Type of cement OPC (43 grade)
2 Specific gravity of cement 3.15
3 Size of coarse aggregate 20 mm
4 Specific gravity of coarse aggregate 2.74
5 Specific gravity of fine aggregate 2..74
6 Specific gravity of silica fume 2-3
7 Specific gravity of super plasticizer 1.145
13. MIX DESIGN FOR M50 GRADE OF CONCRETE
Mixing proportions for trial numbers
Cement = 466.67 kg/mᶾ
Water = 140 kg/mᶾ
Fine aggregate = 694.42 kg/mᶾ
Coarse aggregate = 1234.53 kg/mᶾ
Water cement ratio = 0.3
Mixing ratio of M50
Water Cement F.A C.A
0.3 1 1.5 2.6
25. BOND STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
Specimen Bond
Strength of
CC (N/mm2)
Bond
Strength of
CC (N/mm2)
Bond
Strength of
CC (N/mm2)
Specimen 1 52.5 60 52
Specimen 2 51 58 50
Specimen 3 54 55 53
Average 52.5 58 52
26. BOND STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
CC HPC 1 HPC 2
52.5
58
52
Bond
Strength
(N/mm²)
27. RCPT TEST
Specimen RCPT of
Conventional
Concrete
(Coulombs)
RCPT of HPC 1
(Coulombs)
Specimen 1 2300 1800
Specimen 1 2500 1900
Specimen 1 2600 1850
Average 2466 1850
32. ACID ATTACK ON CONCRETE
Weight loss after immersion in H2SO4 at 28 days of
curing
Specimen Weight
of
CC
(gms)
Weight of
cc after
immersion
in H2SO4
(gms)
% of
weight
loss
Weight
of
HPC 1
(gms)
Weight of
HPC 1
after
immersion
in H2SO4
% of
weight
loss
Specimen1 8.1 7 13 8.3 7.7 7
Specimen2 7.9 7.3 8 8.4 7.9 6
Specimen3 8.3 7.5 9 8.2 7.8 5
Average 8.1 7.2 10 8.3 7.8 6
33. Loss of compressive strength due to acid attack
Specimen Compressive
strength
of
CC
(N/mm²)
Compressive
strength of
cc after
immersion
in H2SO4
%
of
loss
Compressive
strength
of
HPC 1
(N/mm²)
Compressive
strength of
HPC 1 after
immersion
in H2SO4
%
of
loss
Specimen
1
50.82 42.18 17 54 49.60 8
Specimen
2
51.94 42.59 18 53 45.68 13
Specimen
3
52.59 42.60 19 58 51.56 12
Average 51.78 42.46 18 55 48.95 11
34. COST ESTIMATION
S.No Materials Cost Estimation For m³ of Concrete INR
Conventional
Concrete
HPC With
10% Silica
Fume
HPC With 10%
Silica Fume and
1% Steel Fiber
1 Cement 3733 3360 3360
2 Fine
Aggregate
675 675 675
3 Coarse
Aggregate
889 889 889
4 Super
Plasticizer
- 374 374
5 Silica Fume - 1867 1867
6 Steel Fiber - - 4710
7 Total 5297 7165 11875
35. CONCLUSION
The basic properties of materials are tested and results
were tabulated.
The fresh concrete tests like slump, compaction factor
and flow tests were conducted and the test result
satisfies the standard values.
The experimental investigation for mechanical
properties like compressive strength, split tensile
strength and flexural strength are carried out.
The test result shows10% of silica fume and 2% steel
fiber gives higher strength.
But, we prefer conventional concrete with 10% of silica
fume and 1% of steel fiber for construction works for
economy considerations.
HPC has great resistance to sulphate and acid attacks.
36. HPC 1 has higher bond strength than CC however the
bond strength is reduced as steel fiber is added in to
high performance concrete and the bond strength is
equal to CC.
The chloride attack is greatly minimized due to the
dense structure o HPC.
Steel fiber concrete has more young’s modulus than
CC.
The Impact Strength of HPC (10% of steel fiber+1%
steel fiber) increases about 65% as compared to CC.
37. REFERENCES
1) A.Mital and kamath , "properties of HPC for PC dome of NPP,
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2) Benjamin A. Graybeal & joseph L. Hartman "Strength and durability of
ultra high performance concrete", concrete bridge conference,2003.
3) Chinnappa, "HPC, "procceeding of the advanced in concrete technology
with emphasis on HPC , held at podichery, pp.185-194.
4) Joshi, "evolution of HPC mixes containing silica fume," the indian
concrete journal, vol.75,no.10,pp 627-633,2001.
5) Karthik .H Obla & colin L.Lobo "Acceptance criteria for durability test",
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