Facilitating Learner-Centered Teaching

1. Chapter 4 Module
ASSESS: (Page 74)
Activity 1: On the space provided before each item, write "YES" if the
statement is true and "NO" if it is false.
YES 1. Pavlovian conditioning is an example of associations, which involves
rewards and punishments.
YES 2. Watson: psychologist: Pavlov: physiologist.
YES 3. Classical conditioning is applied in teaching kindergarten pupils and
college students.
YES 4. Behaviorists consider anything that triggers a response in the
environment as stimulus.
YES 5. The formation of stimulus and response is the major concern of
behaviorism.
YES 6. Pavlov theorized that learning and relearning of conditioned responses
might occur.
NO 7. Watson posited that as time passes, extinction may occur, but the
unconditioned response may still be restored.
NO 8. A boy always associates the sound of the school bell with either break
time or dismissal of classes. When he can decipher that the sound of
the church bell does not mean the dismissal of classes, as when the
school bell rings, the phenomenon present in this association scenario
is a generalization.
NO 9. When an unconditioned response is paired with a conditioned stimulus,
the phenomenon, according to Watson, is called discrimination.
YES 10. The UCS and UCR are considered unlearned stimulus-response units
termed as reflexes.

2. ASSESS: (Page 79)
Activity 1: Match the statements under Column A to the concepts being
defined or described under Column B. Write the letter of your choice on the
space provided before each number in Column A.
A B
A 1. Exciting, enjoyable, and immediate learning
experience can facilitate learning.
a. Law of Recency
G 2. Teachers should ensure that students are free
b. Law of Exercise
from any anxieties before they are engaged in the
learning process.
b. Law of Exercise
C 3. Teacher JC leads his class to a short revisit of
the salient concepts tackled yesterday before the
continuation of the lesson for the day.
c. Law of Primacy
E 4. Teacher X provides the short, unrecorded drills
at the middle of his class.
d. Generalization
B 5. Teacher Joy makes use of student-centered
activities to detect misconceptions of her class.
Later, she will correct such misconceptions to
ensure that her students had grasped the
concepts correctly.
e. Law of Intensity
f. Principle of Associative
Shifting
g. Law of Readiness
CHAPTER ASSESSMENT
Instructions: Read the statements and decide which of the given choices
would answer the question correctly or complete the statement. Encircle the
letter of your answer.
1. You are convinced that whenever a student performs the desired behavior,
provide reinforcement. Soon, the student learns to perform the behavior on his or
her own. On which principle is your conviction based?
a. Cognitivism
b. Constructivism
c. Behaviorism
d. Environmentalism
2. Teacher Maria claims: "If I have to give reinforcement, it has to be given
immediately after the response.” Which theory supports Teacher Maria's belief?
a. Operant conditioning theory
b. Social-cognitive theory
c. Cognitive Theory
d. Connectionism
3. Which of the following statements about behaviorism is FALSE?
a. It claimed that biological drives determine human behavior
b. It had two primary goals: the prediction and control of behavior
c. It studied environmental causes of behavior
d. It assured that learning determines personality.
4. What is an application of BF Skinner's operant conditioning theory?
a. Use of ICT in the classroom
b. Constructivist teaching
c. Computer-based self-instruction
d. Action research

3. 5. Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be made by a behaviorist who
accepts the ideas of B. F. Skinner?
a. Alakdan stopped because the light turned red.
b. Flora asked her out because I like her
c. Teodoro woke up because the alarm went off.
d. Tomas chewed because the food was in my mouth.
6. If a child is bitten by a large, black dog, the child may fear not only that black dog
but also other large dogs. Which conditioning process is illustrated?
a. Discrimination
b. Acquisition
c. Extinction
d. Generalization
7. Erika, who has had unpleasant experiences at the school clinic, may become
fearful at the mere sight of the clinic. Which theory can explain this?
a. Generalization
b. Classical condition
c. operant conditioning
d. social-cognitive theory
8. Jerome gives his son his favorite snack every time the boy cleans up his room.
Afterward, the boy cleaned his room every day in anticipation of the snack. Which
theory is illustrated?
a. operant conditioning
b. classical conditioning
c. associative learning
d. social-cognitive theory
9. If you kept changing the time period within which a reward is given, you would be
using:
a. a variable interval schedule
b. a continuous interval schedule
c. a fixed interval schedule
d. none of these
10. Clariza became very sick after eating cream cheese that had gone bad. Today,
she cannot stand the taste of cream cheese. In this example, the disgust Clariza
feels when she tastes cream cheese is a (n).
a. unconditioned response
b. unconditioned stimulus
c. conditioned response
d. conditioned stimulus
11. My alarm clock makes a soft clicking noise just before the alarm goes off. The
alarm wakes me up. After being paired with the alarm on a number of occasions, the
click now also wakes me up is (although it did not do so at first). The CS in this
example is:
a. the click
b. the alarm
c. waking up to the click
d. waking up to the alarm
12. Which is an underlying assumption of the social cognitive theory? People
.
a. are social by nature
b. learn by trial-and-error
c. learn by observing others
d. learn by association
13. Based on Bandura's social learning theory, whom do children often imitate?
Those who C
I. have substantial influence over their lives
II. belong to their peer group
III. belong to their peer group

4. IV. are successful and seem admired
a. I and IV
b. I and II
c. II and IV
d. IV only
14. How do we know that extinction of a CR does not necessarily mean that an
individual has unlearned the association between a CS and a UCS?
a. Stimulus discrimination typically leads to a decline of the CR.
b. Stimulus discrimination typically leads to a decline of the UCR.
c. Spontaneous recovery of the CR often occurs
d. Spontaneous recovery of the UCR often occurs.
15. Which of the following is a presentation punishment?
a. withdrawal of students' privileges
b. giving of good grades for the achievers
c. removal of food coupons in the cafeteria
d. deducting points in the written test
16. Developing cognitive maps is demonstrated by the students' ability to
.
a. perceive that objects share common attributes or characteristics
b. recognize that one object is unique from the rest, so each is different
c. see the attribute of objects that can never be combined or recombined
d. relate similarities of objects that have limited boundaries and features
17. Every time Teacher Cardo throws a question to the class, he usually counts 7
seconds for an easy question and 10 seconds for a difficult one before calling
someone to recite. Which of the following behavioral concepts is Teacher Cardo
applying?
a. Law of Exercise
b. Cognitive Maps
c. Law of Readiness
d. Self-efficacy
18. Jemaimah, a senior high school student, was taught to scan articles to easily
grasp specific piece of information. During lecture, she does not necessarily scan
something, but when she is requested to look for something on a book's page, she
can successfully demonstrate the skill. This is an application of .
a. Attention
b. Retention
c. Latent learning
d. Self-regulation

5. 19. Which is an application of Thorndike’s law of readiness?
a. Pupils must be frequently exposed to drills.
b. Learners must be motivated first before any lesson starts.
c. Students must be rewarded for their good work.
d. Pupils must be punished for their misbehavior
20. When asked to do a learning task, Josephine hesitates and says, "Mahirap. Ayaw
ko. "Di ko kaya!" (It's difficult. I don't like it. I can't do it.) Which statement about
Josephine is CORRECT?
a. has a low sense of self-efficacy
b. has a high sense of self-efficacy
c. has no sense of self-efficacy
d. wants to be sure of his self-efficacy