Definition : The ability to carry out daily tasks with alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to enjoy leisure-time pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies. Purpose of Fitness Testing: Educating participants about their present health status relative to health-related standards , age , gender. Providing data that are helpful in development of exercise prescription. Collecting baseline and follow-up data that allow evaluation of progress by exercise program . Motivating participants by establishing reasonable and attainable fitness goals. Satisfying cardiovascular risk. Components of Physical fitness are : Health related physical fitness component and Skill related physical fitness component. Health related physical fitness components include cardiorespiratory endurance , body composition, muscle strength, muscle endurance , flexibility and Skill related physical fitness components include Agility, power, coordination , balance, reaction time, speed.

1. Fitness Evaluation:
DR. HHITIKA KAPOOR (FYMPT)

2. Content
 DEFINITION
 ENERGY
SYSTEM
 PURPOSE OF
FITNESS
 COMPONENTS
OF FITNESS
 ASSESSMENT
 REFERENCES

3. Fitness:
The ability to carry out
daily tasks with alertness,
without undue fatigue, and
with ample energy to
enjoy leisure-time pursuits
and meet unforeseen
emergencies.
ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing & Prescription

4. o Energy system :
• Energy systems are metabolic
systems involving a series of
biochemical reactions resulting in
the formation of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), carbon
dioxide, and water
Muscle cells use this energy for
actin-myosin cross-bridge formation
when contracting
•The cell uses the energy produced
from the conversion of ATP to
adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and
phosphate (P) to perform metabolic
activities.
Therapeutic Exercise-Carlyn Kisner

7.  Purpose of Fitness Testing:
 Educating participants about their present health status relative to
health-related standards , age , gender.
 Providing data that are helpful in development of exercise
prescription.
 Collecting baseline and follow-up data that allow evaluation of
progress by exercise program .
 Motivating participants by establishing reasonable and attainable
fitness goals.
 Satisfying cardiovascular risk.

8. Components of Physical fitness:
Health-related Physical
Fitness Components :
Skill-related Physical
Fitness Components :
ACSM Guidelines for Exercise Testing & Prescription

9. Health-related Physical Fitness Components
Cardiorespiratory
endurance
Body composition
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Flexibility

10. Agility
Coordination
Balance
Power
Reaction time
Speed
Skill-related Physical Fitness Components

11. Assessment:
 Name :
 Age :
 Gender :
 Occupation :
 Address :
 Chief complain:

12.  History :-
 Medical History: -
 Surgical History :-
 Personal History :-

13.  PAR-Q

14.  Body Composition:
 The relative amounts of
muscle, fat, bone, and
other vital parts of the
body

15.  Anthropometry & Body Composition:

16. 5. Girth Measurement:
6. Waist to Hip Ratio:

17. 7. Skin Fold Measurements:
A. Abdominal
B. Triceps
C. Biceps
D. Chest
E. Midaxillary
F. Subscapular
G. Medial Calf
H. Suprailium
I. Thigh

18.  Densitometry:
 Hydrostatic weighing, also referred to as "underwater
weighing", "hydrostatic body composition analysis",
and "hydrodensitometry" is a technique for measuring
the mass per unit volume of a living person's body.
 It is a direct application of Archimedes' principle, that
an object displaces its own volume of water.

19.  FLEXIBITY
 The range of motion available
at a joint

20.  Flexibility:
 Sit & Reach Test

21.  Apely’s Scratch Test:

22.  Muscle Strength:
 Muscular strength is
defined as the ability of a
muscle group to develop
maximal contractile force
against a resistance in a
single contraction.

23.  Muscle Strength:
Cable
Tensiometers
Handheld
dynamometers

24. Back and leg dynamometer.
Spring-loaded dynamometers for measuring static strength:
Handgrip dynamometer

25.  For Old Adults:
 Arm Curl Test : Upper limb strength

26.  30 Second Chair Stand Test: Lower Limb Strength

27.  Muscular Endurance:
 The ability of muscle to
continue to perform without
fatigue.
 Low intensity , prolong time
periods

28.  Abdominal muscle endurance tests (e.g., trunk curls,
partial curl-ups) are commonly included in health-related
fitness test to identify clients at risk for low back pain or
injury due to weak abdominal muscles.
Trunk Curl-ups Test
Advanced Fitness Assessment and Exercise Prescription, Seventh
Edition

29.  To assess endurance of the upper body.
 Lie prone on the mat with their legs together and hands pointing
forward under the shoulders.
 Clients push up from the mat by fully extending the elbows and by
using either the toes (for males) or the knees (for females) as the
pivot point.
 The client returns to the down position, touching the chin to the
mat.
 The stomach and thighs should not touch the mat.
 Clients perform as many consecutive repetitions (no rest between
repetitions) as possible; there is no time limit.
Push Up Test:

30. Test battery
 It consists of seven items to assess dynamic muscular endurance.
 Select the weight to be lifted using a set percentage of the individual’s body
mass.
 The client lifts this weight up to a maximum of 15 repetitions.

31. Cardiorespiratory endurance:
The ability of the circulatory
and respiratory system to supply
oxygen during sustained physical
activity.

32.  Performance of exercise at level of physical exertion depends on the integrated
physiologic and functional state of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and
musculoskeletal systems.
 Cardiorespiratory endurance is measured by maximum oxygen uptake (VO2
max) and how it’s used during intense exercise. Higher amounts of oxygen
uptake show that you’re using more oxygen and that your cardiorespiratory
system is functioning efficiently.
 Cardiovascular Endurance:

33.  Cardiovascular Endurance:
Exercise Testing:
1. 20 meter shuttle test (Icc:0.93)
2. 6 Minute walk test (Icc: 0.91)
3. Queen’s college Step test
4. Modified Bruce treadmill test
5. Single stage submaximal treadmill walk test
6. Astrand and rhyming cycle ergometer test
7. Canadian aerobic fitness test
8. 12 minute run test
9. 1 mile walk track test
10. Multistage Shuttle Run Test
11. Yo - Yo Endurance Test ( Icc : 0.78 to 0.80)

34. General Indications for Stopping an Exercise Test:
 Onset of angina or angina-like symptoms
 Drop in SBP of ≥10 mm Hg with an increase in work rate or if SBP
decreases below the value obtained in the same position prior to testing
 Excessive rise in BP: systolic pressure >250 mm Hg and/or diastolic
pressure >115 mm Hg
 Shortness of breath, wheezing, leg cramps, or claudication
 Signs of poor perfusion: light-headedness, confusion, ataxia, pallor,
cyanosis, nausea, or cold and clammy skin
 Failure of HR to increase with increased exercise intensity
 Noticeable change in heart rhythm by palpation or auscultation
 Subject requests to stop.
 Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue.
 Failure of the testing equipment.

35. Yo-Yo Endurance Test:
 Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 involves running between two
markers 20 meters apart, following audio cues which dictate the running
speed required.
 After each 40 meters run, the participants have an active break of 10
seconds before running 40 meters again.
 At regular intervals, the required running speed increases. The test
continues until the participants are no longer able to keep up with the
required pace
Total Covered Distance
 Record the number of shuttles completed by the
participant and then multiply that number by 40 (40 = 2 x
20m shuttles [the run from cone B to cone C = 20m, then
run back from cone C to cone B = 20m]).
 For example, if an athlete performs 30 shuttles, this
number can then be multiplied by 40 to calculate their
total distance (e.g., 30 x 40 = 1,200m)

36. The 6MWT should be performed indoors ,along a long flat ,straight ,enclosed corridor with a
hard surface
If the whether is comfortable ,the test may be performed outdoors .
The walking course must be 30 m in length.
The turn around points should be marked with a cone ( such as an orange traffic cone ).
A starting line , which must the beginnings and end of each 60 m lap , should be marked on the
floor using brightly colored tape .
 6 MWT

37.  Queen college step test (mcardle step test ) :
• 24 step/min for men and 22 step/min for women for 3 min .
• Bench height =16.25 inch
• For men : vo2max = 111.33-(0.42*HR )
• For women : vo2 max = 65.81-( 0.1847 *HR)

38.  Power :
 The ability or rate at which
one can perform work
 The vertical jump test is a
test of lower body power.

39.  Calculate Distance from M1(Standing reach) to M2(Jumping Reach)
 The following are national norms for 16 to 19 year olds (Davis 2000)
 The following table is for adult athletes (20+) (Arkinstall 2010)
Gender Excellent Above
average
Average Below
average
Poor
Male >65cm 50 - 65cm 40 - 49cm 30 - 39cm <30cm
Female >58cm 47 - 58cm 36 - 46cm 26 - 35cm <26cm
Gender Excellent Above
Average
Average Below
Average
Poor
Male >70cm 56 - 70cm 41 - 55cm 31 - 40cm <30cm
Female >60cm 46 - 60cm 31 - 45cm 21 - 30cm <20cm

40. Bocos Vertical Jump
• Height is calculated using a timing mat which measures the time the feet are off
the mat.
• The athlete stands upright in socks or bare feet on the mat.
• When all is ready, the athlete squats down until the knees are bent at 90 degrees,
then immediately jumps vertically as high as possible, landing back on the mat on
both feet at the same time. Allow a good rest between trials.
• The take-off must be from both feet, with no initial steps or shuffling.
• The best result of at least three attempts is recorded - athletes may continue to
jump as long as improvements are being made
W = (Ft Ts g2)/4n (Ts − Ft),
• test duration (Ts from 15 to 60 s),
• number of jumps (n)
• total flight time (Ft ),
• g is the acceleration due to gravity

41.  Balance:
 The maintenance of equilibrium
while stationary or moving

42. Balance:
 The stork balance test requires the person to stand on one leg
for as long as possible. The similar Flamingo Balance Test is
different as it requires the subject to balance on a board.
 Purpose: To assess whole body balance ability.

43.  STAR EXCURSION BALANCE TEST

44.  Y Balance Test:

45.  Agility:
 The ability to change the position of
the body in space with speed and
accuracy.

46. Agility:
Grade Men Women
Excellent <9.5 10.5
Good 9.5-10.5 10.5-11.5
Average 10.5-11.5 11.5-12.5
 T-Test

47.  Illinois agility test

48.  Edgren Side Step Test

49.  Speed:
 The ability to perform a movement
within a short period of time
 RECOGNISED TEST is 30 meter
spring test.

50.  Reaction time:
 The time elapsed between
stimulation and the beginning
of the reaction to it

51.  Coordination:
 The ability to use the senses, such as
sight and hearing, together with body
parts in performing tasks smoothly and
accurately.
 Hand and Eye coordination: Alternate
Hand Wall Toss Test

52. References:
 ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and
Prescription
 Advanced Fitness Assessment and Exercise Prescription
 Orthopedic Physical Assessment, by David J. Magee
 Therapeutic Exercise foundation and techniques , by
Carolyn Kisner

53. Take Home Message: